Birds Trapped Research Articles

The early bird catches the flywheel: pedagogical components of entrepreneurship education in American higher education institutions

The early bird catches the flywheel: pedagogical components of entrepreneurship education in American higher education institutions

Assessment of biometrics and stress indicators of the adult Village Weaver birds (Ploceus cucullatus) during breeding and post-breeding seasons in Jos, Nigeria

In this era of climate change, some biological conservationists' concerns are based on seasonal studies that highlight how wild birds' physiological fitness are interconnected with the immediate environment to avoid population decline. We investigated how seasonal biometrics correlated to stress parameters of the adult Village Weavers (Ploceus cucullatus) during breeding and post-breeding seasons of the Weaver birds in Amurum Forest Reserve. Specifically, we explored the following objectives: (i) the seasonal number of birds captured; (ii) whether seasonal baseline corticosterone (CORT), packed cell volume (PCV), and heterophil to lymphocytes ratio (H:L) were sex-dependent; (iii) whether H:L ratio varied with baseline (CORT); (iv) whether phenotypic condition (post-breeding moult) and brood patch varied with baseline (CORT) and H:L ratio; and (v) how body biometrics co-varied birds’ seasonal baseline (CORT), (PCV) and (H:L) ratio. Trapping of birds (May–November) coincided with breeding and post-breeding seasons. The birds (n = 53 males, 39 females) were ringed, morphologically assessed (body mass, wing length, moult, brood patch) and blood collected from their brachial vein was used to assess CORT, PCV and H:L ratio. Although our results indicated more male birds trapped during breeding, the multiple analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicated that the seasonal temperature of the trapping sites correlated (P < 0.05) significantly to baseline (CORT). The general linear mixed model analyses (GLMMs) indicated that the baseline (CORT) also correlated significantly to H:L ratio of the male and female birds. However, PCV correlated significantly to body size of the birds (wing length) and not body mass. Haematological parameters such as the baseline CORT and the H:L ratio as indicators of stress in wild birds. Hence, there is the possibility that the Village Weaver birds suffered from seasonally induced stress under the constrained effect of environmental temperature. Hence, future studies should investigate whether the effect observed is also attributable to other passerine species.

The Early Bird Catches the Worm: How Lasting is the Value of New, Alternative Data?

The Early Bird Catches the Worm: How Lasting is the Value of New, Alternative Data?

The Early Bird Catches the Worm: How Lasting is the Value of New, Alternative Data?

The Early Bird Catches the Worm: How Lasting is the Value of New, Alternative Data?

"The early bird catches the worm"-Prediction of early response and its importance for treatment outcome in a naturalistic setting of cognitive behaviour therapy.

Knowledge about predictors of early response (ER) remains limited. This study examined patient, process, and therapist variables to predict ER in a naturalistic setting. Data from 493 psychotherapy outpatients were analysed. ER was defined by a ≥25% reduction in general psychological distress (ER percent) and by the reliable change index (ER RCI) within the first 10 sessions measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory-18. ER prediction was determined using logistic regression. General psychological distress (GSI) throughout treatment in patients with and without ER was modelled using a multilevel linear model. This model aimed to predict GSI over treatment using repeated measurements, considering group affiliation (ER percent vs. no ER percent), controlled for other predictors. The prevalence of ER percent and ER RCI were 63.6% and 47.5%, respectively. GSI and therapeutic relationship significantly predicted ER (ER percent: χ2 (6) 70.32, p < .001, Nagelkerkes R2 = .19; ER RCI: χ2 (6) 134.71, p < .001, Nagelkerkes R2 = .35). Patients who rated the therapeutic relationship more positively were more likely to achieve ER (OR = 1.10). Difference in outcomes between patients with and without ER during treatment was influenced by factors such as therapeutic relationship, GSI, therapist experience, and mental comorbidities. Including these variables improved the predictive model from AIC = 17,042.98 to AIC = 16,730.24. The therapeutic relationship is a crucial predictor of ER. Patients achieving ER tend to have better outcome than those without ER. The early phase of therapy warrants particular attention to enhance psychotherapy outcomes.

The potential future role of extensive lipid lowering in ACS patients with the use of PCSK9 inhibitors: early bird catches the worm.

The potential future role of extensive lipid lowering in ACS patients with the use of PCSK9 inhibitors: early bird catches the worm.

Livelihoods and human impacts in Tan Thanh mudflat, Tien Giang Province, Vietnam

Tan Thanh mudflat in Tien Giang Province is one of the important wetlands of the Mekong Delta in Southern Vietnam. International conservation organizations have proposed this area to be an important bird and biodiversity area – IBAs because of the near location to the core of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway of migratory birds and providing feeding habitats for local shorebirds and endangered migratory species such as the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea). To understand the threats human beings have on this proposed protected wetland, we conducted a study in August 2022 to assess the impacts of local community activities on the area. We used structured interviews with a site survey and mapping as the main methods of the study. The result showed that anthropogenic causes including agrochemical overuse, solid waste pollution, frequent disturbances from clam harvesting activities and illegal wild bird catching to protect cultivated farms, caused adverse impacts on the area. The study also revealed that the local communities have not been fully aware of the responsibility of protecting wild birds and the coastal environment. We suggested that to conserve the wetland successfully, we need to do further studies to fully understand the values of the wetland services to the wild birds and local communities and then engage relevant stakeholders to find solutions for improving public awareness about the importance of the wetland and inclusively protecting the area for sustainable development.

The Early Bird Catches the Worm: The Effect of Birth Order on Old‐Age Mortality

AbstractPrevious studies explore the role of birth order in children's and adults’ outcomes. This literature usually provides evidence of disadvantage of children with higher birth order. A narrow strand of this literature explores the association between birth order and old‐age mortality. This study re‐visits the birth‐order‐longevity relationship using US data. We employ Social Security Administration death records between the years 1988 and 2005 linked to the 1940 full‐count census and implement family fixed effect strategy to compare within‐sibling differences in the outcome. The findings suggest that later‐born children live, on average, 1–3 fewer months of life. The observed associations are exclusively concentrated among whites. However, the results do not point to significant heterogeneity based on family socioeconomic status, maternal education, and gender. Additional analyses suggest that higher birth order is associated with negative early educational outcomes.

Prophylactic effect of angiotensin receptor blockers in children with genetic aortopathies: the early bird catches the worm

AimsIn genetic aortopathies (GA) particular attention is paid to aortic root dilatation which has an impact on morbidity and mortality. This study focuses on the effects of therapy with angiotensin-II-receptor-blockers (ARB) or beta-blockers (BB) on aortic root growth and the question which therapy should be initiated at which dosage and at what age.MethodsSince 1998 we diagnosed 208 patients with GA (170 FBN-1). 81 patients between 5 months and 18 years receiving either ARB or BB therapy were included. We retrospectively analyzed the progression of the dilatation of Sinus Valsalva aortae (SV) using calculated z-scores before and after therapy initiation and compared BB and ARB treatment.ResultsBoth ARB and BB (p < 0.05) therapy showed significant improvement in aortic root growth, while the effect is significantly more pronounced in ARB (p < 0.01) independent of age and genetic cause. A detailed comparison of the two drug groups showed a more sustained effect in limiting the progression of the dilatation of the aortic root in patients treated with ARB. Progression of dilatation of the SV was significantly lower in children treated with ARBs compared to BB (delta z-score, p < 0.05). In addition, ARBs were better tolerated and had a significantly lower discontinuation rate (3%) compared to BB (50%) (p < 0.01). Independently of age at initiation all children and adolescents were able to reach the target dose under ARB.ConclusionWe demonstrated a significant change in both treatment options, with the effect of ARB being more pronounced while being better tolerated throughout the treatment period.

Illegal trapping and local trade of farmland birds in Madhesh Province, Nepal

Illegal trapping and local trade of farmland birds in Madhesh Province, Nepal

Does the early bird catch the worm? Tick box culture and precocious teaching qualifications for aspiring specialty trainees

Progression up the dental career ladder into dental specialty training is notoriously tough, with rising numbers of applicants and the introduction of national recruitment creating fierce competition for training places. This paper explores the emerging tick-box culture surrounding specialty recruitment applications and the issues accompanying precocious portfolio point-seeking, with a particular focus on recognised postgraduate teaching courses.

The using of data on the moult progress in the study of migration periods of the annual cycle of passerines

Using trapping and ringing of birds for studying the ecology and the demographic parameters of populations is necessary to determine as accurately as possible in which period of the annual cycle each individual was caught. The first-year passerine birds undergo juvenile migration (usually in form of postfledging dispersal) and postmoulting (autumn) migration in summer-autumn period. These stages of annual cycle are difficult to identify in trapping birds by calendar dates because the timing of migration seasons can significantly overlap in the same location. The study of moult at the Ladoga Ornithological Station made it possible to determine the states of plumage that mark juvenile and postmoulting migrations in first-year birds. The article presents two examples of the use of moult progress in the study of bird migrations. The first one is an analysis of the ratio of the terms of departure and passage in three long-distant and three short-distant migrants of passerines. It has been shown that the timing of the departure of local birds is earlier than the timing of the passage of other populations in all studied species, while the last local individuals in long-distance migrants are recorded long before the end of the passage of the species, and in short-distance migrants they can be found until its end. As another example, an analysis of long-term trends in the timing of summer-autumn movements in the Garden Warbler was performed. It is shown that for almost a fifty-year observation period, neither the timing of juvenile migration nor the timing of postmoulting migration of first-year birds has changed. At the same time, the timing of the spring passage of the species shifted to earlier. As a result, the duration of stay of the Garden Warbler in the Ladoga region has increased.

The early bird catches the IL-2 in C-type lectin receptor-dependent activation of dendritic cells.

The transcriptional response of macrophages and dendritic cells to stimulation of pattern recognition receptors can be unexpectedly distinct. In this issue of Science Signaling, Watanabe etal. demonstrate that IL-2 is differentially induced by the closely related C-type lectin receptors Dectin-2 and Mincle and reveal early signaling through the adaptor protein FcRγ as a critical mechanism.

Does the early bird catch the worm? Evidence and interpretation on the long-term impact of school entry age in China

The long-term impact of children's age at primary school entry on educational attainment and labor market outcomes is one of the primary concerns to families, educators, and policymakers. Using a nationally representative survey of families and individuals, this paper is among the first to explore these effects in a causal sense in the Chinese context and understand the underlying mechanisms. We use a regression discontinuity (RD) design that employs the threshold date for primary school entry set by the 1986 Compulsory Education Law of China as a source of exogenous variation in the timing of school entry. We first document a salient and robust compliance rate of school entry requirement. RD estimates indicate that being born right after the cutoff date significantly increases years of schooling and annual earnings for non-agricultural jobs for the full sample. We also observe remarkable heterogeneous effects on labor market performance by gender. Being born right after the cutoff increases the probability of being in the labor force for men, but decreases that for women. We find that the decline in female labor force participation is mainly driven by women who come from economically and socially disadvantaged families. Further evidence suggests that this decline can be explained by supply-side factors including fertility decision and childcare provisions.

The early bird catches the worm: The impact of first‐mover advantage on long‐term elite team sport success

AbstractThe research on success factors in elite sport focuses primarily on the one hand to sport in its entirety and on the other hand to the prediction of success in individual sporting events, especially in soccer. In this paper, we investigate the existence of a first‐mover advantage for national team sports, which has a long‐term impact on a nation's success in a sport. To this end, we hand‐collected data for soccer and rugby and analyzed our sample concerning a first‐mover advantage. To do this, we examined the relationship between the date of establishment of each national sports association and later success as measured by the country's world ranking. We check for the essential macro determinants such as GDP per capita and population. Our study shows empirical evidence that the first‐mover advantage has a stronger effect on the success of a state in a team sport than the macro factors mentioned. In this way, we complement previous research on team sports by considering a hitherto neglected effect, a long‐term perspective and by including rugby.

S690 “Does the Early Bird Catch the Worm?” Prognostic Value of Early Endoscopic Intervention in GI Bleed Patients

Introduction: Early endoscopic intervention (within 6 hours of admission) in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) increases overall mortality but does not improve the mortality, length of stay (LOS), or transfusion requirement in lower GIB, while reducing the LOS in upper GIB. We aimed to study the prognosis of patients undergoing endoscopic intervention in < 1 day compared to ≥ 1 day. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective cohort analysis of patients admitted to Intermediate unit and ICU with GIB as their primary diagnosis (03/2015 – 03/2021). Medical records of patients above 18 years of age were reviewed for baseline characteristics and lab values. Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS), AIMS 65, ABC, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) scores on admission were calculated. Patients were compared according to time to scope i.e., < 1 day vs. ≥ 1 day. Outcome variables assessed included hospital LOS, 30-day mortality, and 90-day readmission rate. Pearson Chi-square and Mann Whitney U were applied to compare groups. Results: Out of 212 patients admitted with GIB, 196 (92.5%) underwent endoscopic intervention in ≥ 1 day and 16 (7.5%) within 1 day. Baseline characteristics are illustrated in (Table). Patients scoped ≥ 1 day had higher PRBCs transfused (median 3 vs. 2; p< 0.01) and less frequently received antibiotics (15.3% vs. 37.5%, p< 0.01). None of the scores (GBS, AIM-65, qSOFA, CCI, and ABC) were significantly different between two groups (p-value >0.05). Median (interquartile range (IQR)) of the scores according to time to scope i.e., < 1 day vs. ≥ 1 day is as follows: 14.5 (8.3,15.8) vs. 12.0 (9.0, 14.0); AIM-65: 1.0(0.0, 1.0) vs. 1.0(1.0,2.0); qSOFA: 0.5 (0.0,1.0) vs. 0.0(0.0,1.0); CCI: 4.5(1.5,6.8) vs. 5.0(3.0,6.0); ABC: 0.0(0.0,1.0) vs. 0.0(0.0,0.0). There was no significant difference in hospital LOS and 30-day mortality. However, 90-day readmission rate were higher in patients who underwent endoscopic intervention < 1 day (p=0.04). Conclusion: Comparable risk stratification scores indirectly indicate equivalent severity of GIB between the two groups on presentation. According to our study, early endoscopic intervention does not significantly impact the LOS and 30-day mortality, but increases 90-day readmission rates. Further studies, primarily a prospective analysis, should be pursued to determine whether early endoscopic intervention should be avoided in certain scenarios. Table 1. - Illustrating the comparison of baseline characteristics, medical history, end organ damage (troponin leak and AKI), management, hospital length of stay, 30-day mortality, and 90-day readmission rates, between the patients who underwent endoscopic intervention in less than one day compared to one or more day Time to scope Less than 1 day (n =16) Equal to or greater than 1 day (n=196) p-value Age, mean ± SD (median, IQR) 61.19 ±13.01(57.00,52.50-74.25) 66.80±15.12 (67.50, 56.00-78.00) ns Gender Male 8 (50.0%) 113(57.6%) ns Female 8 (50.0%) 83(42.4%) Race Caucasian 10(62.4%) 126 (64.3%) Black 4(25.0%) 28(14.3%) ns Hispanic 1(6.3%) 27(13.7%) Other including data unavailable 1(6.3%) 15(7.7%) History of HTN 7 (43.8%) 123 (63.1%) ns History of DM 4 (25.0%) 49 (25.0%) ns History of CAD 3 (18.8%) 128 (65.3%) ns History of HF 1(6.2%) 52(26.5%) ns History of CKD 4(25.0%) 49(25.0%) ns History of Liver disease 5(31.3%) 33 (16.9%) ns History of DVT/PE 0 (0.0%) 22 (11.2%) ns History of atrial fibrillation 1(6.2%) 49(25.0%) ns Personal history of GI tract cancer 1 (6.3%) 16 (8.2%) ns Family history of GI tract cancer 0 (0.0%) 10 (5.3%) ns Use of NSAIDs 1(6.2%) 27(14.1%) ns Use of anticoagulants 1 (16.3%) 69 (35.6%) < 0.05 Use of antiplatelets 0(0.0%) 68(35.1%) < 0.01 Use of PPI at home 5(31.3%) 64(33.3%) ns History of smoking 7 (46.6%) 88 (46.1%) ns History of alcohol 9 (60%) 81 (42.4%) ns History of drug use 0 (0.0%) 8 (4.3%) ns NSTEMI/STEMI 0(0.0%) 15(2.6%) ns AKI 3 (18.8%) 62 (31.6%) ns Antibiotics 6 (37.5%) 30 (15.3%) < 0.01 PRBc transfused: Median (IQR) 2(1,3) 3(2,4) < 0.01 No. of patients intubated 2(12.5%) 13(6.63%) ns No. of patients ICU 7(43.7%) 15(7.7%) ns IU 9(56.3%) 80(92.3%) Source of GI Bleed Upper 13(81.2%) 131(77.9%) Lower 0 (0.0%) 31(18.4%) ns Both 3 (18.8%) 6(3.6%) Hospital length of stay, mean ± SD (median, IQR) 5.63 ± 4.47(4.00,3.00-7.00) 6.34 ±4.20(5.00,4.00-8.00) ns Alive at 30 days 15 (93.7%) 174(88.8%) ns 90-day readmission due to GI Bleed 7 (43.8%) 41 (21.4%) 0.04 HTN – Hypertension; DM – Diabetes mellitus; CAD – Coronary artery disease; HF – Heart Failure; CKD – Chronic Kidney Disease; DVT – Deep venous thrombosis; PE – Pulmonary embolism; AF – Atrial Fibrillation; NSAIDs – Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PPI – Proton Pump Inhibitors; AKI – Acute Kidney Injury; PRBC – Packed Red Blood Cells; ICU – Intensive care unit; IU – Intermediate unit.

Early bird catches the worm: finding the most effective early warning indicators of recessions

The paper examines whether certain macrofinancial indicators can be used for early detection of recessions. Analysing a sample of small open economies from Central and Eastern European Union, we first identify the most important indicators used for early detection of recessions, and then test the validity of the selection by using the signal method and multivariate probit regressions. Our results imply that the most effective predictors of upcoming recessions are the slope of the yield curve, current account balance to GDP ratio, real estate price index, self-financing ratio of commercial banks, nominal effective exchange rate, global exports and LIBOR rate. Using the Mann-Whitney U Test, we also find that foreign indicators emit earlier signals of incoming recessions in analysed countries than domestic ones. This type of research is important because of the various stakeholders that base their decisions on the signals provided by these indicators. Primarily, these are various government agencies that participate in monetary and fiscal policy making. Early warning of an impending recession allows economic policy makers to take corrective action to avoid a recession or to significantly mitigate its effects, while unreliable indicators may lead to adoption of unnecessary measures with adverse effects on the economy.

The early bird catches the worm: The role of regulatory uncertainty in early adoption of blockchain’s cryptocurrency by fintech ventures

ABSTRACT Regulatory uncertainty about a technology confronts new technology-based firms (NTBFs) with questions of whether or not to adopt this technology. Following institutional theory, NTBFs are expected not to adopt a technology until regulatory uncertainty has been reduced. However, following the resource-based view, NTBFs are expected to adopt the technology under regulatory uncertainty due to limited or no regulation, as this provides them with an opportunity to secure competitive resources. We investigate whether regulatory uncertainty enabled or inhibited 108 fintech ventures in adopting blockchain’s core application, cryptocurrency, in a time when governments were still considering potential regulation. Our findings indicate that regulatory uncertainty has a positive effect on NTBFs’ adoption of technology. We extend our knowledge on the role of regulatory uncertainty in technology adoption and we shed light on the boundary conditions of both the resource-based view and institutional theory. Further, we reflect on regulating the “winds of change.”

Does the early bird catch the worm? A large-scale examination of the effects of early participation in online learning

There are theoretical arguments and empirical studies to support the benefits of early participation in an online course. However, little research has been conducted to investigate the relationship between students’ early start in online learning and their course performance, which limits its application to online education research and practice. This study aims to fill this gap by examining and quantifying the relationship of early participation in course activities with students’ learning performance. Using multilevel logit modeling, the relationship of early participation in online courses and student final performance are modeled with student log data and other individual information from over 30,000 students enrolled in 22 online university courses. Results show that early participation in online course activities is significantly correlated with student final performance. As the first study to quantify the relationship between early participation and students’ academic performance, this paper provides important insights for online teaching and learning research.

ТРЕНІНГ-ГРА ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ХОРЕОГРАФІЧНИХ УМІНЬ ТА НАВИЧОК В ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

In the article the author considers game technologies in the process of choreographic training of children of primary school age. Implementation of these technologies is a training game that allows to reveal and develop the creative abilities of children who are engaged in choreography and to form in them choreographic skills and abilities. The significance and components of the training game, its goals and possible results in the pedagogical process are determined. Implementation of theatrical training-play for children of primary school age during choreography promotes the development of cognitive processes; release from muscle clamps, which will allow children to learn about their body, its capabilities and freely control it; liberation from psychological clamps, compression, fear of expressing their creativity in motion; formation of a cohesive creative team, where joy for the success of others, mutual assistance, understanding, mutual support and collective creativity prevails; development of emotionality and expressiveness of movements; development of facial expressions. The development of acting skills during staging is easier and more productive, because the child, having acquired the necessary knowledge, practicing the basic acting skills in exercises and sketches, can realize their acquired acting potential in a particular choreographic number. In our opinion, it is expedient to organize the development of acting skills of young children in choreography classes with the help of a special training-game that combines pedagogical, theatrical and game techniques. For children of primary school age, play activities are quite relevant, so theatrical play training will be a natural form of its existence and development. Training helps children discover their potential and not lose themselves in the process of growing up, maintain openness and sincerity, purity and perfection of the child, understanding this world through love. The game method is dominant, as the game process facilitates the process of memorizing and mastering exercises by younger students, as well as arouses interest in classes. The components of theatrical training-game are considered, which reveal to some extent the acting abilities of young choreographers: 1. Games for the formation of a cohesive team and dance pairs are mainly represented by group games or games in pairs, which form in children collectivism, elbow feelings and responsibility for partners. 2. Games for the development of creativity and expressiveness. Games promote the development of a child's memory, develop the stability of voluntary attention, improve creative activity. 3. Games to remove psychological clamps. Exercises and games to relax different muscle groups – «Sausages», «Bird Trap», «Disco» – should be included in classes to remove muscle and psychological clamps in children. 4. Games to build confidence on stage. Аll this in a set of special techniques and elements of theatrical training-play, gives the young choreographer the opportunity to realize his acting skills on stage and, accordingly, the manifestation of a higher level of choreographic performance.