Trapa Research Articles

Rare fraction of spontaneous flora of the garden and park landscapes of the Middle Pobuzhzhia

On the territory of the garden and park landscapes of the Middle Pobuzhzhia 31 species of higher vascular plants that have national or regional protection status have been revealed or cited in literature. Of these, 9 species are listed in the current edition of the Red Data Book of Ukraine, 10 species have regional protection status in Vinnytsia region and 20 species in Cherkasy region. National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» NAS of Ukraine has the largest number of species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine (8 species): Tulipa quercetorum, Euonymus nana, Scopolia carniolica, Allium ursinum, Pulsatilla pratensis, Pulsatilla patens, Trapa natans, Epipactis helleborine, Neottia nidus-avis. Only by one rare species were revealed in the Pechersky (Scopolia carniolica), Sokiletsky (Pulsatilla pratensis), Verkhivsky (Trapa natans) and Kryzhopilsky (Epipactis helleborine) parks. Phytoindication assessment of the identified localities showed that the most of them are on the border or even outside their ecological-coenotic amplitude by one or more factors, which indicates their vulnerability to external influences. Currently, the greatest threat to the existence of species at present is the recreational load, so according to the Law on the Red Data Book of Ukraine, they all need proper protection measures.

Trapa natans Husk‐Derived Nanoporous Carbons as Electrode Materials for Sustainable High‐Power Microbial Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Systems

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which convert chemical energy into electricity using microbes, are an emerging sustainable energy technology. However, high costs and low power output limit the advanced development of MFCs. This study utilizes the agricultural waste, Trapa natans husks, to obtain low‐cost nanoporous carbons. The Trapa natans husk‐derived nanoporous carbons (TNHs) are used as electrode materials in Escherichia coli system‐based MFCs. After optimization of both anode and cathode materials for MFCs, a high average power density of 5713 mW m−2 is achieved, which is 1.9 times greater than that of commercial activated carbon. It is shown that TNHs have better bacterial adhesion and electrochemical activities owing to their favorable pore size distribution, suitable functional group, high surface area, and excellent biocompatibility and conductivity. Furthermore, the supercapacitors (SCs) with TNH‐based electrodes are utilized to store the energy generated from MFCs. The SC with TNH‐600 electrodes exhibits a high specific capacitance of 84 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. This study demonstrates that TNH is a promising electrode material for biofriendly and renewable MFCs, and the MFC‐SC system with TNH electrodes is a high‐power sustainable energy generation and storage device.

Genome sequencing and transcriptome analyses provide insights into the origin and domestication of water caltrop (Trapa spp., Lythraceae).

SummaryHumans have domesticated diverse species from across the plant kingdom; however, our current understanding of plant domestication is largely founded on major cereal crops. Here, we examine the evolutionary processes and genetic basis underlying the domestication of water caltrop (Trapa spp., Lythraceae), a traditional, yet presently underutilized non‐cereal crop that sustained early Chinese agriculturalists. We generated a chromosome‐level genome assembly of tetraploid T. natans, and then divided the allotetraploid genome into two subgenomes. Based on resequencing data from 57 accessions, representing cultivated diploid T. natans, wild T. natans (2x and 4x) and diploid T. incisa, we showed that water caltrop was likely first domesticated in the Yangtze River Valley as early as 6300 yr BP, and experienced a second improvement c. 800 years ago. We also provided strong support for an allotetraploid origin of T. natans within the past 230 000–310 000 years. By integrating selective sweep and transcriptome profiling analyses, we identified a number of genes potentially selected and/or differentially expressed during domestication, some of which likely contributed not only to larger fruit sizes but also to a more vigorous root system, facilitating nutrient uptake, environmental stress response and underwater photosynthesis. Our results shed light on the evolutionary and domestication history of water caltrop, one of the earliest domesticated crops in China. This study has implications for genomic‐assisted breeding of this presently underutilized aquatic plant, and improves our general understanding of plant domestication.

Isothermal and Kinetic Investigation of Exploring the Potential of Citric Acid-Treated Trapa natans and Citrullus lanatus Peels for Biosorptive Removal of Brilliant Green Dye from Water

Trapa natans peels (TNPs) and Citrullus lanatus peels (CLPs) were utilized for the biosorptive removal of brilliant green dye (BGD), after modifying with citric acid. Characterization and surface morphology were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. For the removal of BGD by citric acid-treated Trapa natans peels (CA-TNPs), the optimum conditions were obtained with adsorbent dose 0.8 g, contact time 25 minutes, initial pH 5, temperature 30°C, and agitation speed 100 rpm, while for the citric acid-treated Citrullus lanatus peels (CA-CLPs), adsorbent dose 0.8 g, contact time 20 minutes, pH 5, temperature 30°C, and agitation speed 100 rpm gave optimum results. The qmax values obtained were 108.6, 128, 144.9, and 188.68 mg/g for R-TNP, CA-TNP, R-CLP, and CA-CLP, respectively, while the correlation coefficient (R2) values obtained were 0.985, 0.986, 0.985, and 0.998 for R-TNP, CA-TNP, R-CLP, and CA-CLP, respectively. These favor the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics, with negative (ΔG0) values of all adsorbents, determining that the adsorption phenomenon is exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Both citric acid-treated peels of Trapa natans and Citrullus lanatus were found suitable for bulk-scale eradication of hazardous, toxic, and carcinogenic basic cationic dyes.

Ecological conditions of the Waterchestnut (Trapa natans L.) in the Danube Delta (Romania)

Abstract The diversity of water body types in the Danube Delta offers appropriate ecological niches for the colonisation of frequently large stands of the waterchestnut (Trapa natans). Their phytocoenoses were observed in slowly running and standing waters from clear, sediment-poor, to turbid and sediment-rich waters on muddy ground. Trapa natans occurs in standing, and slowly running, waters and is well adapted to fluctuation of water level changes. The water dynamics is responsible for the composition of accompanying species of the phytocoenoses. The particular zonation, demonstrated by a cross section shows the adaption to the structure and the water flow of certain water bodies. Comparing older and newer research data, a decline of the populations of waterchestnuts became visible.

Changes in physico-mechanical properties of water caltrop fruit (Trapa natans L.) during the drying process

The cosmopolitan water caltrop plant (Trapa natans L.) produces nuts, which in the maturing process develop very hard pericarps. This hardness, together with structure and shape (external spikes) of pericarp and seed, and the water contained in the fruit are responsible for their mechanical properties. This study determined the force needed to break Trapa natans nuts at various drying stages, with tests having been carried out at weekly intervals until the fruit dried completely. The amount of force necessary for cracking nuts at each of the 6 drying stages was determined, as well as the work of crushing calculated until the greatest compressive force (crushing force) was reached. The force needed to rupture the hydrated fruit in the horizontal plane was higher than that necessary for the rupture of dried fruit. The experiment showed that the maximum force needed to crush the fruit was 828.7 N and occurred when crushing the fruit after 2 weeks of drying, while the largest calculated crushing work was 2185.5 mJ for the same fruit. Other strength parameters were introduced to characterize mechanical properties of water caltrop in a more extensive scope. These are hardness defined as a ratio of compressive force increment to strain increment, specific crushing energy defined as a ratio of crushing work to water caltrop’s mass, and unit crashing force defined as a ratio of crushing force to caltrop’s thickness. All these parameters reached their highest mean values for pericarps after 2 weeks of desiccation. Mass measurements were also applied in modelling the desiccation process by the exponential function. The very dense pericarp material, after reaching maturity, slightly changes during drying. It can be used industrially as an extremely durable and biodegradable biological material. Results also suggest that the great evolutionary success of the species may result from the ability of the pericarp to protect its seeds, leading to the spread of this species in aquatic environments.

Phenolic profiles, antioxidant activity and inhibition of digestive enzymes of water caltrop pericarps.

Water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) is widely cultivated as a popular vegetable or fruit in Asian countries. In China, water caltrop pericarp is also used as a functional food to treat metabolic syndrome. However, the profiling of bioactive substances and their pharmacological activities in different water caltrop varieties remains to be investigated. In the present study, three varieties of water caltrop pericarps collected from 13 origins in China were analyzed for their phenolic substances. To investigate the pharmacological activities, samples were tested for their free radical scavenging capacity and inhibitory potency against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. In total, 46 phenolic compounds were identified in the ethanol extract of water caltrop pericarp using a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry method, most of which were hydrolyzable tannins. Two cultivated varieties samples exhibited a relatively higher phenolic content and stronger antioxidant and inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase compared to those from the wild variety. Correlation analysis between phenolic contents and biological activities suggested that phenolic compounds exhibited potential free radical scavenging capacity, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. It is concluded that the phenolic compounds of water caltrop pericarp are promising sources of natural antioxidants, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitors. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Effect of water caltrop (Trapa bispinosaRoxb.) pericarp extract on improving insulin resistance in STZ-induced diabetic mice

BackgroundThe treatment of diabetes with plant ingredients such as in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an alternative to classical chemotherapy. PurposeTo explore the ingredients of total dried water caltrop (Trapa bispinosaRoxb.) pericarp powder and a dried ethanol extract for their capacity to reduce insulin resistance. MethodsA treatment group received water caltrop (Trapa bispinosaRoxb.) pericarp powder (at one dose) or extract (at three doses) for four weeks with inclusion of proper control groups. The different indexes were measured four weeks after administration. ResultsTreatment could significantly improve the health index of type 2 diabetic mice. The mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1/PGC1α and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were significantly increased, while the mRNA expression of forkhead transcription factor (FoxO1) was decreased in the treatment group. Conclusionsoral administration of water caltrop (Trapa bispinosaRoxb.) pericarp powder in the treatment of diabetes may be achieved by restoring pancreatic function, improving oxidative stress and liver gluconeogenesis.

Alkali treated water chestnut (Trapa natans L.) shells as a promising phytosorbent for malachite green removal from water

Search for eco-friendly adsorbents for sustainable dye treatment is on the rise. The present study demonstrated the enhanced removal of malachite green (MG) with alkali-modified shells of water chestnut (AWCN) under optimized physio-chemical parameters. Alkali treatment significantly reduces the lignocellulosic components which in turn increased the water stability. The material was been characterized by pHzpc, FTIR, FESEM-EDAX, and BET surface area analysis. pH-dependent adsorption was noticed and the maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 136.46 mg/g. Adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R 2=0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R 2=0.99). Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous (ΔG°= −2.99 kJ/mol), favorable and endothermic (ΔH°=34.72 kJ/mol). Simple regeneration allows multi-cycle use with minimal loss of activity. The mechanism has been proposed to be a combination of electrostatic interaction, H-bonding, and π–π stacking between AWCN and MG. In conclusion, alkali modification of Trapa natans L. shells provides excellent removal of MG from water.

Pharmacognostical Investigation of Trapa natans L Leaves

Background: Trapa natans L., is annual aquatic plant generally kwon as Water caltrp, Water chest nut belonging to the Trapaceae or Lytraceae family. Trapa natans L is use for the treatment of wide no of diseases without proper standardization. Objective: To give the right pharmacognostical and photochemical information of the Trapanatan L leaves. In this study pharmacognostical investigation of the fresh leaves and powder drug were done to determine the macroscopical, microscopical, quantitative physicochemical and phytochemical property of the drugs. Method: Macroscopical, quantitative and qualitative microscopy, physicochemical evaluation, extractive value, florescence analysis and phytochemical analysis were done according to the WHO guideline. Result: Macroscopical analysis showed that, leaves are greenish to purplish color, rhomboidal shape; alternate, acute, margin is dentate, pinnate venation. Microscopic evaluation showed that leaf is dorsi ventral in nature, upper layer epidermis cells were covered with cuticle layer. Single layer of barrel shape cell were present bellow the upper epidermis layer. Trichomes are generally multicellular. Anomocytic stomata were observed in upper epidermis. From the experiment it was found that methanolic extract give the highest extractive value. Phytochemical analysis gives the evidence for the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, glycoside, steroids, flavonoids, tannin, and triterpenoids. Qualitative phytochemical analysis give the evidence for presence of high amount total phenolic content. Conclusion: Different pharmacognostical parameters assessed in this examination help to detection and standardization of Trapa natans L., leaves.

Flow behavior and mechanical properties of water chestnut (Trapa natans) under steady shear as affected by acid and autoclave treatment

AbstractThe flow behavior and mechanical properties of the water chestnut as influenced by acid and autoclave treatment (AT) are envisaged. The water chestnut flour (WCNF) was exposed to 1 M HCl, acid hydrolysed (AH) in the ratio of 1:1 (wt/vol) and AT at 121°C for 15 min, and cooled for 24 (AT‐24) and 72 (AT‐72) hr at 4°C. The acid hydrolysis and autoclaving resulted in significant changes in physico‐functional, flow behavior, and mechanical properties of the water chestnut. The WCNF showed a non‐Newtonian behavior, and the viscosity decreased with an increase in the shear rate for both acid and autoclave treated WCNF samples. The mechanical spectra, storage modulus (G′), and loss modulus (G″) observed dominance of the elastic component over viscous component in both acidic and autoclaving conditions. The flow behavior and mechanical spectrum data were fitted to the power‐law model and the Ostwald‐de Waele equation. The relationship among the power‐law coefficients (n, K, n′, and n″) was assessed by linear regression of the fitted models. The swelling power of WCNF and AH was lower than AT samples. However, the increase in swelling power with the rise in temperature from 55 to 95°C was more for WCNF and AH samples than AT samples. The autoclaving‐cooling changed the A‐type X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern to a B‐type XRD pattern representing the loss of molecular order and the disintegration of the internal structure.Practical applicationsSince different stresses cause different reactions in materials, it is critical to measure liquid flow in a way that mimics the mechanism it might encounter in an industrial or commercial setting. Many processing operations that include slurries or pastes, such as beneficiation (wet mixing and milling, filtration); shape formation (extrusion); and coating or deposition, require knowledge of rheological behavior. Although various nuts and seeds are extensively being studied for their physicochemical and functional behavior in different environments, the data of water chestnut on feasibility in industry‐related process operations is scarce. Therefore, the rheology of the water chestnut in acid and autoclave environment can help to decide the process feasibility and, hence, use in a particular industrial operation.

Hydrolysable Tannins Exhibit Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Anti-Glycation Activities In Vitro and Learning and Memory Function Improvements in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesiac Mice.

Agricultural waste from the hulls of water caltrop (Trapa taiwanesis Nakai, TT-hull) was extracted by either steeping them in cold 95% ethanol (C95E), refluxing 95E, refluxing 50E, or refluxing hot water (HW) to obtain C95EE, 95EE, 50EE, and HWE, respectively. These four extracts showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities and free radical scavenging activities, as well as anti-non-enzymatic protein glycation in vitro. Eight compounds were isolated from TT-hull-50EE and were used to plot the chromatographic fingerprints of the TT-hull extracts, among which tellimagrandin-I, tellimagrandin-II, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-galloylglucose showed the strongest AChE inhibitory activities, and they also exhibited anti-amyloid β peptide aggregations. The scopolamine-induced amnesiac ICR mice that were fed with TT-hull-50EE or TT-hull-HWE (100 and 200 mg/kg) or tellimagrandin-II (100 and 200 mg/kg) showed improved learning behavior when evaluated using passive avoidance or water maze evaluation, and they showed significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to those in the control group. The enriched hydrolysable tannins of the recycled TT-hull may be developed as functional foods for the treatment of degenerative disorders.

Impacts of Hydrothermal Treatments on the Morphology, Structural Characteristics, and In Vitro Digestibility of Water Caltrop Starch.

The influence of hydrothermal treatments on the structural properties and digestibility of water caltrop starch was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed some small dents on the surface of starch granules for samples treated with heat moisture treatment (HMT), but not for samples treated with annealing (ANN) which generally showed smoother surfaces. The gelatinization temperature of starch was generally increased by hydrothermal treatments, accompanied by a trend of decreasing breakdown viscosity. These results implied the improvement of thermal and shearing stability, particularly for HMT in comparison to ANN. After being cooked, the native and ANN-modified water caltrop starch granules were essentially burst or destroyed. On the other hand, the margin of starch granules modified by HMT and dual hydrothermal treatments remained clear with some channels inside the starch granules. X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystalline pattern of water caltrop starch changed from the CA-type to the A-type and the relative crystallinity reduced with increasing moisture levels of HMT. Results of ANN-modified water caltrop starch were mostly similar to those of the native one. Moreover, water caltrop starch modified with HMT20 and dual modification contained a pronouncedly higher resistant starch content. These results suggested that HMT, ANN, and dual modification effectively modified the functional properties of water caltrop starch.

Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Trapa natans Peel Extract Exhibits Anti-Metastasis and Anti-Biofilm Potentials

Abstract: Background: This study deals with the anti-metastasis and anti-biofilm activities using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) via in vitro methods. Different studies have been reported that biofilms formed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are resistance to most of the recently used antibiotics due to MDR effect. Materials and methods: The characterization of biosynthesized particles was done by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM and XRD techniques. Cytotoxicity analysis was done by MTT assay and Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) assay. Anti-biofilm activity was carried out by using the bacterial strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Results: AgNPs exhibit strong absorption peak in the 420–500 nm range due to Surface Plasmon Resonance in UV- Vis spectroscopy. In FTIR analysis, we found phenol and alcohol compounds (at 3447 cm-1), carbonyl groups (at 1631 cm-1), alcoholic groups (at 1384 cm-1) and polysaccharides (at 1093 cm-1). In XRD that AgNPs formed were highly crystalline in nature. In SEM the diameter of AgNPs ranges from 30-90 nm and TEM depicts the size of AgNPs to be 15 ± 2 nm. T. natans-AgNPs exhibits strong cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Conclusion: The presence of different bioactive molecules in T.natans shows that, green synthesized AgNPs significantly inhibited proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis as well as antibiofilm activity using different bacterial colonies.For the very first time we are reporting the anticancer drugs repositioned as a potential antibiofilm agent in the Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus organisms. Key words: Trapa natans, Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs),Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7), Anti-biofilm, Anti-metastasis, Cytotoxicity. Key words: Trapa natans, Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs),Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7), Anti-biofilm, Anti-metastasis, Cytotoxicity.

Targeted Species Projects for Volunteers to Increase Early Detection Capacity: The Water Chestnut Mapping Challenge

Here we present a framework for creating targeted invasive species mapping projects for volunteers, using simple gamification techniques to encourage participation. In Pennsylvania and New York, we chose to focus on water chestnut (Trapa natans) because this species is easy to identify, and it is often feasible to eliminate small populations from newly infested waterbodies. We established a “friendly competition” in which participants would search for water chestnut and report their findings during a specified date range. Online trainings were offered on species identification and submitting data to iMapInvasives, a mobile and browser-based mapping system. During the challenge period, volunteers were kept engaged through up-to-date data tallies and email communication from mapping challenge administrators. At the end, participants with the greatest number of data entries or most locations searched, whether submitting presence or absence information, were announced as winners and received small prizes. The data were shared with regional invasive species managers through email alerts and a summary report. Challenge participants detected water chestnut in new waterbodies and contributed valuable absence data. Over the course of three years in New York (2016–2018), participants discovered 23 new water chestnut infestation locations in 14 waterbodies. In Pennsylvania, over the course of two years (2017–2018), 44 new water chestnut infestation locations in 12 waterbodies were identified. The programs in both states have continued to build on and improve these challenge events by adding additional target species and piloting new ways to keep participants engaged through real-time dashboards and other technologies.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Trapa Natans L.

Abstract Trapa natans L., water chestnut (indian name singada, montenegrin name kasaronja) belonging to Trapaceae family is annual aquatic floating herb native to Asia but widely distributed in the Europe and in North America. The presence of two species, Trapa natans L. and Trapa longicarpa M.Jank. ssp. scutarensis M.Jank has been confirmed on the Skadar lake in Montenegro. Trapa natans is a plant demonstrating promising pharmacological activity mostly due to the presence of its constituens, phenols and flavonoids, showed hepatoprotective potential, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antifungal and in vitro antimicrobial activity.

Fossil fruits and pollen grains of Trapa from the Upper Pliocene of the Sanying Formation (Yunnan, China)

Trapa (water chestnut or water caltrop) is a genus of annual free-floating plants mostly native to Africa and Eurasia and included in the family Lythraceae. The genus only contains 10 species today but has a large number of species in the Neogene record, mainly based on fruits but also on the occurrence of pollen grains. In China, several species have previously been recorded from the Neogene, but few have a detailed description. Here we describe a new species of fruit from the Pliocene of the Sanying Formation, Yangjie coalmine, western Yunnan, namely Trapa sanyingensis sp. nov., based on the following characters: the size of the fruit, the relatively long upper horns, the well-developed and triangular lower horns, the well-developed tubercles between the lower and upper horns, and a long and wide neck bearing hairs without a corona. In addition, pollen grains belonging to Sporotrapoidites cf. weiheensis were uncovered from the same sediment and have the following characters: tricolpate, obtuse triangular shape in polar view, and three meridional crests covering the apertures. T. sanyingensis sp. nov. shows a close morphological similarity to the Miocene species Trapa chengsenii from the Yunnan and to the modern species Trapa natans. The pollen grains also closely resemble those of Trapa natans. The occurrence of T. sanyingensis sp. nov. suggests that the sedimentary site corresponds to open and shallow water with a water temperature above 20 °C during the growing season.

Optimization of physical activation process for activated carbon preparation from water caltrop husk

Optimization of physical activation process for activated carbon preparation from water caltrop husk

In Vitro Starch Digestibility, Rheological, and Physicochemical Properties of Water Caltrop Starch Modified with Cycled Heat-Moisture Treatment.

This study focused on the effect of cycled heat-moisture treatment (cHMT) on the in vitro digestibility, rheological, and physicochemical properties of water caltrop starch. The amylose content increased significantly by cHMT, whereas damaged starch content decreased only in the groups with more than two cycles applications. cHMT generally increased the weight-average molecular weight, except for single cycle treatment which showed the reverse result. In thermal properties, the onset temperature (T0), peak temperature (Tp), and conclusion temperature (Tc) increased, while the enthalpy needed to complete the gelatinization was lowered by cHMT. Water caltrop starch paste showed less shear-thinning behavior with cHMT. Meanwhile, the viscosity and tendency to form strong gel were enfeebled with modification. cHMT significantly changed predicted glycemic index (pGI) value, especially in samples that underwent the most cycles of treatment, which showed the lowest pGI compared to native and other treatment. These results suggested that cHMT water caltrop starch was effectively modified and showed diversified properties.

Long-Term Effects of the Harvesting of Trapa natans on Local Water Quality and Aquatic Macrophyte Community in Lake Erhai, China

Trapanatansis one of the main species causing the swamping in the littoral zones of Erhai Lake. It commonly forms a dense canopy on the water surface in the growing season (June–September), which hampers the local water quality and habitat of submerged macrophytes, and releases nutrients to the water after death in autumn and winter, resulting in the deterioration of local water quality. At present, there are many and positive research studies on the short-term effects of harvesting water chestnut on water quality and aquatic plants, but long-term observation results are lacking. In response to the above problems, we studied responses of water quality and aquatic plant community to the removal ofTrapain littoral zone of a northern bay in Erhai from August 2014 to January 2017. This could be the first attempt to discover the long-term effects of floating-leaved vegetation management in the freshwater ecosystem. The results showed that the artificial removal ofTrapasignificantly improved the local water quality in the growing season, for example, the concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), dissolved nitrogen (DN), total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved phosphorus (DP) in the non-Trapazone (NTZ) were much lower than the concentrations of those in the adjacentTrapazone (TZ). And the biomass of aquatic macrophyte community (BAMC) was significantly increased in the NTZ, up to the maximum value of about 21 kg/m2in fresh weight. However, the diversity indexes of the community in the NTZ declined. Therefore, we suggested that although the removal ofTrapaimproved the water quality and increased the productivity of the submerged aquatic plant community, it reduced the species diversity of the aquatic plant community in the long run. This is another issue that we need to pay attention to in the later management in Erhai Lake.