Transshipment Model Research Articles

Multi-Objective Electric Vehicle Transshipment Problem with Battery Swapping Technology Under Fuzzy Environment

Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency of the multi-objective battery-swapping electric vehicle transshipment problem by analyzing the total cost and time involved in the entire distribution process. Methods: A multi-objective battery-swapping electric vehicle transshipment model is formulated and a case study on a food grain company is considered to demonstrate the pertinent nature of this model. Due to real-life uncertainty, Fermatean fuzzy parameters are considered in this model. Existing neutrosophic fuzzy programming and linear weighted sum method have been used to obtain the solutions for the multi-objective transshipment model. Findings: A comparative study has been made for both multi-objective electric vehicle transshipment and multi-objective electric vehicle transportation problems with battery swapping as well as charging technology. Optimum Solutions obtained for the case study by using these two prescribed methods reveal that the multi-objective transshipment problem with battery swapping gives the minimum transportation cost and time than the charging technology. Obtained solutions for multi-objective electric vehicle transshipment problems with battery swapping show a reduction of 7.8% in cost and 11.19% in the charging technology. Meanwhile, obtained solutions for multi-objective electric vehicle transshipment problems show a reduction of 14% in cost and 14.4% in time than the multi-objective transportation problem. Novelty: The efficiency of multi-objective electric vehicle transshipment problems with battery swapping technology under the Fermatean fuzzy environment has not yet investigated in the literature. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 90B06. Keywords: Transshipment problem, Electric vehicle, Battery swapping technology, Fuzzy environment, Multi­objective transshipment problem

Optimization of Fresh Food Logistics Routes for Heterogeneous Fleets in Segmented Transshipment Mode

To address the challenges of environmental impact and distribution efficiency in fresh food logistics, a segmented transshipment model involving the coordinated operation of gasoline and electric vehicles is proposed. The model minimizes total distribution costs by considering transportation, refrigeration, product damage, carbon emissions, and penalties for time window violations. The k-means++ clustering algorithm is used to determine transshipment points, while an improved adaptive multi-objective ant colony optimization algorithm (IAMACO) is employed to optimize the delivery routes for the heterogeneous fleet. The case study results show that compared to the traditional model, the segmented transshipment mode reduces the total distribution costs, carbon emissions, and time window penalty costs by 22.13%, 28.32%, and 41.08%, respectively, providing a viable solution for fresh food logistics companies to achieve sustainable and efficient growth.

A proactive transshipment model for prototype parts logistics in the automotive industry

In the logistics of prototype parts in the automotive industry, unique parts are stored in warehouses and provided to assembly service providers to ensure a timely assembly of the associated prototype vehicles. As the allocation of the assembly orders to the assembly service providers may change before the start of the assembly, the shipments are planned at short notice. This article considers the short-term task of planning shipments of individual prototype parts from multiple warehouses to multiple assembly service providers. The current literature on planning shipments focuses mainly on parts available in batch sizes larger than one. However, as prototype parts are individual, storing them in adequate warehouses is crucial. A mixed-integer linear programming model for planning transshipments of parts between the warehouses and shipments to the assembly service providers to minimize overall costs is presented. The model enables the utilization of spare capacities of planned transports for a proactive transshipment of parts between warehouses. To this end, the future shipment costs of parts to assembly service providers are approximated to determine suitable warehouses. A numerical study shows that the proactive approach leads to a considerable cost reduction.

Omni-Channel Distribution: A Transshipment Modeling Perspective

In our work, we develop a specialized optimization technique that adapts the general linear programming Transshipment model to the ever-growing needs of Omni-Channel distribution in Supply Chain Management. With the rapid adoption of “smart” mobile technologies, customers now acquire merchandise across multiple channels and devices. As a result, retailers are challenged with downstream operational complexities. Fulfillment of customer orders now changes the placement and amount of independent demand inventory organizations may hold. Our research integrates the use of Hub or Fulfillment Centers, locations where sellers fill customer orders placed through e-commerce, as an additional segment of demand. This adaptation to the optimization of Transshipment can result in significant benefits to the firm’s logistics presence, customer retention, and profit.

Obtaining the optimal origin-destination multimodal freight transportation network for the City of Bogotá

Bogotá’s logistics performance as the principal hub for shipping cargo to other destinations in Colombia has not been optimal. Excessive truck traffic, low density of railways in service, and no accessible river routes seem to be major determinant factors. This article proposes a balanced linear transshipment (BLT) model to estimate the optimal origin-destination (OD) multimodal freight transportation network for the mentioned city to seven main destinations in the country. This research also provides an appropriate framework for assessing several hypothetical transportation scenarios. Thus, based on national transport statistics, this study evaluates three main criteria: freight transportation cost, number of nodes, and number of routes. The results of analysis suggest that if alternative modes of transportation are implemented in Bogotá, the three mentioned criteria will improve substantially. The analysis is limited by the size of the OD transportation network considered, the assumptions associated with the research methodology, and the scope and diversity of data sources used as reference. To the authors' knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to examine the optimal OD transportation network in Bogotá by using a BLT model.

Designing a Resilient–Sustainable Supply Chain Network of Age-Differentiated Blood Platelets Using Vertical–Horizontal Transshipment and Grey Wolf Optimizer

Blood platelets are a typical instance of perishable age-differentiated products with a shelf life of five days (on average), which may lead to significant wastage of some collected samples. At the same time, a shortage of platelets may also be observed because of emergency demands and the limited number of donors, especially during disasters such as wars and the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, developing an efficient blood platelet supply chain management model is highly necessary to reduce shortage and wastage. In this research, an integrated resilient-sustainable supply chain network of perishable age-differentiated platelets considering vertical and horizontal transshipment is designed. In order to achieve sustainability, economic cost, social cost (shortage), and environmental cost (wastage) are taken into account. A reactive resilient strategy utilizing lateral transshipment between hospitals is adopted to make the blood platelet supply chain powerful against shortage and disruption risks. The presented model is solved using a metaheuristic based on a local search-empowered grey wolf optimizer. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed vertical-horizontal transshipment model in reducing total economic cost, shortage, and wastage by 3.61%, 30.1%, and 18.8%, respectively.

PENYELESAIAN MASALAH TRANSSHIPMENT DENGAN METODE PERBAIKAN ASM DAN REVISED DISTRIBUTION

One example of transportation problems is the Shvan Art Shop, which is engaged in exporting 20 cm rattan bags. In distributing rattan bags, Shvan Art Shop does not directly send goods to their destination, but still through intermediaries. To overcome this problem, a transshipment model can be used to get a distribution line so that the outgoing costs are minimal. The purpose of this study is to compare distribution costs before applying the transshipment model with after applying the transshipment model using the ASM Repair and Revised Distribution methods. The results showed that the Revised Distribution method resulted in a distribution cost that was less than the Revised ASM method, which was Rp. 42,884,288.00.

FROM CART TO LAYERED ARCHITECTURAL TRANSSHIPMENT MODEL SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES FOR ROAD FREIGHT LOGISTICS

This study proposes a layered architecture of a transshipment model for small and medium enterprises (SME) that supports road freight logistics using rice farmers in Thailand as a case study. The rationale is three folds. First, road freight logistics transportation usually does not apply to SME. Second, existing supply chain logistics models are not appealing to SME in that SME do not have abundant resources to exploit the fullest extent of redeeming features of the models. Third, road freight logistics and transshipment are often incorporated as an integral service operation of a distribution centre to transport goods items from source to destination, which most SME cannot afford the entire service charge. The notion of layering is to make each layer transparent to one another, covering specific transshipment activities that do not overlap with adjacent layers yet keep their operating characteristics closely related. The case study of Thai rice farmers can thus operate and adjust to fit their working scenarios. Contributions of the proposed model are flexible and resilient operations that SME can benefit at less investment but more options to fall back on. Future work should emphasise on transshipment routing research and integration of the proposed model into distribution centre operations management.

Logistics networks: a sparse matrix application for solving the transshipment problem

Effective and efficient supply chain management is an important concern for most companies primarily in the Retail Industry. The reduced cost and enhanced customer service levels stemming from a better inventory control approach presents opportunities for the implementation of new approaches like using Sparse Matrix for solving transshipment problems. A Sparse matrix with a significant number of zeros can better represent a transshipment model. This is represented by three parallel linear arrays viz., row_no., col_no., value . The present paper is an attempt to efficiently represent the lateral transshipment model in the form of three linear arrays of the Sparse Matrix. At the end of the paper, algorithms to read, display, and add sparse matrices using the linear array representations are also discussed.

Green Transhipment Model Considering Carbon Emission Cost Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (Case Study: Beef Distribution in Bogor, Indonesia)

The operational research paper in the transportation model nowadays is heading to the environmental issue. One of the famous operational research models is transshipment. Transshipment is an expanded model of transportation, whether each distribution center between the start to the destination point. In this research, the transshipment model is integrated into an environmental function, the challenge is to find the right shipment of each route from the start, distribution, and destination point considering the transportation cost and carbon emission. This research proposed a transshipment model with minimizing transportation and carbon emission cost using mixed-integer linear programming for model formulation. The solution searching used branch and bound method. This research analyzed the environmental objective function and constrain effect in the transshipment model. The model is tested in a beef distribution case study in Bogor, Indonesia that has eight source points, three distribution centers, and six destination points. The model is experimented by carbon emission limitation scenarios. The optimum result in source allocation, distribution and destination are different between the two scenarios. The carbon emission limitation affects carbon emission production and total cost.
 
 Keywords: Branch and Bound, Environmental Cost, Green Transhipment, Mixed Integer Linear Programming preferably 2-scenarios are mentioned

A hierarchical optimization and design of double Kalina Cycles for waste heat recovery

With the coming of global energy crisis, the optimization of waste heat recovery is crucial for improving the energy utilization efficiency. In waste heat recovery, complex interactions between cycle parameters and multiple cycle structures are often neglected. To overcome this drawback and improve heat recovery efficiency, a novel hierarchical framework is proposed for the optimization of double Kalina Cycles (D-KC) considering the systematic design of parameters and coupling structure. The coupling structure in such a heat recovery system include the heat-exchange matches among multiple cycles as well as those between cycles and the heat source. The proposed modeling method combines the pinch-based extended Duran-Grossmann model and the expanded transshipment model to obtain the optimal configurations with the successive objective of maximizing the power output and maximizing outlet temperature of the heat source. Compared with that of two Kalina Cycles in cascade (C-KC) and basic Kalina Cycle (B-KC), the power output of D-KC is increased by 12.55% and 34.89%, respectively in the case study; while the exergy efficiency of D-KC is improved by 11.6% and 8.49% compared with that of C-KC and B-KC, respectively. The levelized cost of electricity of D-KC is similar to that of C-KC, and both of them are slightly higher than that of B-KC, due to the fact that more devices, especially the costly turbines, are needed in the multiple cycles.

Optimization of soybean outflow routes from Mato Grosso, Brazil

The purpose of this work is to apply a transshipment model, based on the theory of linear programming in a problem of optimization of the flow cost of soybeans from the State of Mato Grosso. The model consisted of analyzing the cost of transportation through the current transportation infrastructure, proposing two new options, being waterway and railway, as well as maintaining the port capacity of Arco Norte. 2018 production and projections for 2025 and 2030 were also considered. The results showed that the greatest reductions in transportation costs in 2018 occurred in the flow of production through Arco Norte. In addition, the new intermodal routes have significantly changed the transportation matrix, contributing to Brazilian competitiveness in the foreign market and assisting in the development of the North and Northeast regions.

A transshipment model for logistics management at Indian Oil Corporation

Three refineries of the Indian Oil Corporation procure crude oil from suppliers, at production sites in the Persian Gulf, West Africa, North Africa, West Asia, and India. The crude oil is shipped to two ports in the state of Gujarat, India, by large tankers and medium sized vessels. From these two ports, the crude oil is pumped to the refineriesviapipelines. The refineries have known capacity, that are different for the two types of crude oil. In this paper, the scaled-up problem has been modelled, as a transshipment network. Next, the concrete instance of the problem, has been solved using an LP solver. This was followed by post-optimality analysis of the solution. The flow values on all arcs, and optimal product mix, validate actual decisions. Precise shipping requirements obtained from the solution, are shared in advance with marine transporters to improve supply chain coordination.

Transshipment model considering environmental cost using mixed integer linear programming: Beef distribution problem

The operational research paper in the transportation model nowadays is heading to the environmental issue. One of the famous operational research models is transshipment. Transshipment is an expanded model of transportation, in each distribution center between the start to the destination point. In this research, the transshipment model is integrated into an environmental function. The challenge is to find the right shipment of each route from the start, distribution, and destination point considering the transportation cost and carbon emission. This research proposed a transshipment model by minimizing transportation and carbon emission cost using mixed--integer linear programming for model formulation. The solution searching used branch and bound method. This research analyzed the environmental objective function and constrain effect in the transshipment model. The model was tested in a beef distribution case study in Bogor, Indonesia that has eight source points, three distribution centers, and six destination points. The model was experimented using carbon emission limitation scenarios. The optimum result in source allocation, distribution and destination were different between the two scenarios. The carbon emission limitation affected carbon emission production and total cost.

The Brazilian taxation influence on a company's transportation cost

The purpose of this paper is to minimize products' distribution costs for a multinational company located in Brazil, observing the different ICMS tax structures. This research was about a metallurgical industry company, and delivers its products through an outsourced company for interstate highway transportation. In this case study, a transshipment model was developed for determining if some distribution centers (DCs) are going to be used or not, because, despite of a greater distance, increasing freight cost, the state benefits for ICMS tax could decrease total cost. Study results suggest that using some DCs may help decrease total distribution cost because of ICMS tax impact. It also suggests that the distribution of imported products is cheaper than the national ones, without considering its purchase and fabrication costs. The proposed approach can help Brazilian or multinational companies to support logistic decisions, which could be useful given the Brazilian transportation context.

A Transshipment Model of Seven-Up Bottling Company, Benin Plant, Nigeria

This research work seeks to model the distribution of 50 cl Pepsi soft drink as a transhipment problem. The transshipment problem is an extension of the traditional transportation problem which takes into account a multi-phase transport system in which the flows of goods and services are taken through an intermediate point (transhipment points) between the origin and the destination with varying objective functions. The main focus in this research was to obtain the minimum cost of transporting 10,000 crates of the product from the Benin plant (source) through deports (transshipment points) to the Sapele-Warri region (sinks) where the product is demanded. Data collected were analyzed using TORA Windows Version 2.00 software. The analysis shows that the minimum cost of transporting the product can be achieved if the product is shipped directly from the source to the sink. This forms that basis for the conclusions and recommendations of the research.

Application of the Microsoft Excel Solver tool in the solution of optimization problems of heat exchanger network systems

Optimization of heat exchanger networks (HENS) is a field of interest in Chemical Engineering. The aim is to use the residual heat of process streams to raise the temperature of other process streams which are cold, thus minimizing the use of hot and cold utilities. The usual way to deal with this task is to pose a linear programming problem according to a transshipment model in order to minimize either the general services consumptions or the number of hot and cold stream matchings required. This optimization is subjected to several restrictions given by the energy balances corresponding to each heat exchange.The high number of variables and equations obliges the use of specific software to solve these problems, e.g. GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System). However, this software is not intuitive and requires a long time of training and a certain level of practice for the students to adequately use it.This work describes the use of Microsoft Excel-Solver for the sequential solving of HENS optimization problems according to the transshipment model. Solver is a much simpler, intuitive and easily available tool for the students who, besides, usually learn how to use it in the first years of their degree, in Informatics or similar subjects. Thus, it is not necessary to spend extra time in the teaching of the software, time that may be devoted to other contents.This paper presents an example of HENS problem proposed in the subject Simulation and Optimization of Chemical Processes corresponding to the Joint Master in Chemical Engineering of the Rey Juan Carlos University and the Autónoma University of Madrid and solved by the students using Excel-Solver.

Impact of cabotage relaxation in mainland China on the transshipment hub of Hong Kong

Hong Kong has benefited from China’s cabotage rule, as foreign ships loading at a Chinese port can transit to Hong Kong and then call at another Chinese port. However, in 2013, China’s cabotage policy was relaxed in Shanghai—whereby China-owned, foreign-flagged vessels are allowed to operate out of Shanghai to other coastal ports of China. In this paper, we examine the potential loss of transshipment traffic in Hong Kong due to cabotage relaxation. Via a transshipment model and based on secondary data, we are able to derive a potential loss to Hong Kong’s throughput, on the order of 14%. This effect is not unique to Hong Kong: in general, in other parts of the world, there are also maritime hubs located near the coastal ports of other countries, and the effects of cabotage relaxation are similar. From a regional collaboration perspective, such as that of the Belt and Road Initiative, it is essential for different governments to review their cabotage policies together.

Minimization of municipal solid waste transportation route in West Jakarta using Tabu Search method

Indonesia still adopts the concept of collect-haul-dispose for municipal solid waste handling and it leads to the queue of the waste trucks at final disposal site (TPA). The study aims to minimize the total distance of waste transportation system by applying a Transshipment model. In this case, analogous of transshipment point is a compaction facility (SPA). Small capacity of trucks collects the waste from waste temporary collection points (TPS) to the compaction facility which located near the waste generator. After compacted, the waste is transported using big capacity of trucks to the final disposal site which is located far away from city. Problem related with the waste transportation can be solved using Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). In this study, the shortest distance of route from truck pool to TPS, TPS to SPA, and SPA to TPA was determined by using meta-heuristic methods, namely Tabu Search 2 Phases. TPS studied is the container type with total 43 units throughout the West Jakarta City with 38 units of Armroll truck with capacity of 10 m3 each. The result determines the assignment of each truck from the pool to the selected TPS, SPA and TPA with the total minimum distance of 2,675.3 KM. The minimum distance causing the total cost for waste transportation to be spent by the government also becomes minimal.

Development of a decision support tool for optimizing the short-term logistics of forest-based biomass

High cost of logistics is one of the barriers of using forest-based biomass for energy and fuel production. Biomass logistics is complex and includes interdependent decisions related to storage, pre-processing and transportation. While these decisions have been considered in numerous medium-term planning models, those for short-term planning are limited. The existing models focused only on optimal truck routing without considering intermediate storage facilities which are essential to match biomass supply and demand. In this study, a decomposition-based approach is used and optimization models are developed for the short-term planning of a large biomass logistics company located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada. The company deals with collection, storage, pre-processing and transportation of biomass. Several operational constraints related to truck-location compatibilities and truck-biomass compatibilities arising from heterogeneity of trucks and biomass types which further complicate the logistics planning are incorporated in the models. First, a transshipment model is developed and solved using a mixed integer formulation to determine comminution schedules and the number of truckloads of each biomass type to be transported each day using each type of truck. Then, a routing model, which uses the results of the transshipment model, is developed to determine the optimal routing for the available trucks. A decision support tool to optimize the company’s weekly transportation and comminution operations is also developed for the company. Experiments were conducted on real data from the company over a span of four weeks. The results indicate 12% reduction in the total average cost and a similar reduction in fuel consumption compared to the actual routes implemented by the company. It is suggested that savings could be obtained by using larger trucks for longer distance transportation and smaller trucks for shorter distances. Direct delivery of biomass from suppliers to customers, bypassing the yard, could result in cost savings.