Hazardous Waste Transportation Research Articles

Life cycle analysis in hazardous waste logistics in Türkiye: a case study

ABSTRACT The collection and transportation activities engaged in waste management (WM) are known to have significant environmental impacts. This study assessed the current environmental situation regarding the use of diesel fuel in hazardous waste (HW) collection and transportation using a LCA methodology. The study utilized the actual transportation data of the HW collection and transportation activities of a WM company, IZAYDAS, for the year 2021. The functional unit (FU) chosen for analysis was the “environmental impact per annual total fuel consumption.” In addition, the study aimed to understand potential changes in environmental impact if electricity were used as a fuel alternative. The findings revealed that in the current scenario with diesel fuel, the Abiotic Depletion Potential (Fossil Fuel) (ADP Fossil) effect category had a dominant effect (3.92E + 06 MJ). The total Global Warming Potential (GWP100a) effect for HW transportation was determined to be 5.28E + 05 kg CO2 eq in 2021. When electricity was considered a fuel alternative, a decrease was observed in the GWP100a and ADP impact categories. At the same time, Human Toxicity (HTP), Acidification (AP), and Eutrophication (EP) showed an increase due to fossil fuel-based energy production. Sensitivity analysis indicated that all effects are lower in countries that depend on clean energy sources for electricity production.

Yurisdiksi Negara Pantai Terhadap Kapal Asing Yang Memuat Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun (B3) Ditinjau Dari Hukum Laut Internasional

Introduction: The jurisdiction of the coastal state is an authority of the state to carry out laws and regulations in its territorial area to regulate people, property, and events that occur in the land area, sea waters, and air space above it.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical. by using a problem approach such as a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach. While the sources of legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The collection of legal materials is carried out by means of a literature study, then analyzed qualitatively. Results of the Research: The results show that the entry of foreign ships transporting waste in the jurisdiction of the coastal state is not prohibited as long as it is subject to the provisions for the transportation of hazardous and toxic waste that is passing through the territory of the coastal state, namely for foreign ships carrying nuclear or other goods which because of their nature dangerous or toxic, if you want to make a voyage in the territorial waters of an International country, you must carry documents and comply with special precautions established by International treaties for ships (Article 23 of the 1982 International Law Of The Sea Convention). The implementation of Indonesian Jurisdiction for foreign ships transporting waste has been regulated in Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping and Government Regulation Number 101 of 2014 concerning Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste, which explains all matters relating to traffic through waters, transportation of dangerous goods and special goods by sea, determination of hazardous and toxic waste, management of hazardous and toxic waste, navigation in sea transportation including aspects of shipping safety and security.

Discussion on Management and Disposal Technology of Corrosive Hazardous Waste

Hazardous waste is an important part of the ecological system and the environmental community. Corrosive hazardous waste accounts for a large proportion of hazardous wastes. In addition to waste acid(HW34) and alkali(HW35), it also involves 8 other types and 13 subcodes. Corrosive hazardous waste has various physical states, involves thousands of chemical substances, and can have all kinds of hazardous properties such as toxicity, flammability, oxidation, reactivity, and explosive. The classification, detection, identification, transportation, storage and disposal technologies of corrosive hazardous waste are discussed for hazardous waste generating units, disposal units and regulatory authorities. 
 Hazardous waste refers to solid or liquid waste with at least one characteristic of toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, reactivity and infectiousness. The scientific management and effective governance of hazardous wastes have become a major issue faced by all countries in the world today. Corrosive hazardous waste(CHW) accounts for a large proportion of hazardous waste, which is sometimes referred to as corrosive waste. At present, there are many domestic and foreign literatures on the disposal of various waste acids and waste alkalis, but there is no literature on the subject of corrosive hazardous waste[1] in China.

DW-TRAC – СЕРВИС ОТСЛЕЖИВАНИЯ И МОНИТОРИНГА ОПАСНЫХ ОТХОДОВ

To improve the efficiency and security of transportation of hazardous waste is implemented by service DW-TRAC, has a number of undoubted advantages, among which are the tracking and monitoring of cargo

Combining Membrane and Zero Brine Technologies in Waste Acid Treatment for a Circular Economy in the Hot-Dip Galvanizing Industry: A Life Cycle Perspective

An innovative approach of combining membrane and zero brine technologies for a joint treatment of industrial liquid waste is investigated regarding its environmental impacts compared to the existing liquid waste treatment. The object of investigation is the generation of waste acid solution by a hot dip galvanizing plant in Sicily, Italy. The waste acid solution contains hydrochloric acid, iron and zinc, which makes it a hazardous waste according to EU classifications. Environmental impacts are studied for two scenarios in the Tecnozinco hot-dip galvanizing plant in Sicily, Italy: (i) the current process of pickling with linear disposal of waste acid and (ii) the pickling combined with in-situ treatment of the waste acid using a combination of diffusion dialysis (DD), membrane distillation (MD) and a precipitation reactor. Results are obtained via an attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) approach focusing on the water footprint profile of the process. The linear disposal path creates significant costs, environmental burdens and risks during the 1500 km transport of hazardous liquid waste. The combination of DD and MD, complemented with a zero-brine precipitation reactor, closes internal material loops, could save local water resources and reduces costs as well as environmental impacts. Reduction potentials of 70–80% regarding most LCA impact categories can be expected for the application of the novel technology combination supporting the galvanizing pre-treatment process under study. Therefore, the application of such technology on the way forward to a more circular economy is recommended from an environmental viewpoint, especially in process plants similar to the investigated one.Graphical

DETERMINATION OF EXECUTORS FOR RECOVERY AND DISPOSAL OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE

The presented article was prepared in connection with the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Waste Management» and is directed to the topical topic of the formation of a mechanism for determining business entities for the implementation of activities for the recovery and disposal of household waste in the structure of household waste management services in territorial communities. The purpose of the scientific search was to establish a procedure for identifying business entities that carry out activities related to the recovery and disposal of household waste. The article takes into account the sequence of operations of recovery and disposal of household waste when determining the performers of these services. Yes, the sequence of recovery operations can be established for each type of household waste, which is primarily sent to carry out preliminary operations with household waste before recovery, including preliminary treatment corresponding to the recovery position R12 (positions are defined in Appendix 2 to the new law), including dismantling, sorting, crushing, compacting, granulating, drying, grinding, conditioning, repacking, separating, mixing or mixing before being fed to any of the operations specified in recovery items R1-R11. If necessary, these operations may include recovery item R13 regarding the storage of waste prior to carrying out the operations specified in recovery items R1-R12 (except the collection operation). The sequence of disposal operations can be set for household waste as follows: priority should be directed to the implementation of operations corresponding to position D13 (the positions are defined in Appendix 1 to the new law), with further referral to the implementation of operations corresponding to position D5, as well as to the implementation of operations, corresponding to position D1 in the presence of a plan to bring the waste disposal site into compliance with the requirements of the law. The article defines the main requirements for the functioning of the waste management information system, the creation and administration of which will be carried out by the Ministry of Environment of Ukraine. The described need to create a waste management information system will be stolen from the subsystems of reporting, provision of administrative services and registers. Thus, the reporting subsystem will ensure the receipt, analysis and summarization of information on the volume, code and name, sources of waste generation, change of the owner of waste, online information on collection, transportation and waste treatment. The administrative services subsystem will ensure that business entities receive administrative services for issuing permits for waste treatment operations, licenses for hazardous waste management business activities, etc. The subsystem of registers will be stolen from: the Register of permits for the implementation of waste processing operations; Register of licenses for hazardous waste management business activities; Register of written consents (notifications) for cross-border transportation of hazardous waste and conclusions on cross-border transportation of waste; Register of producers of products for which extended responsibility of the producer has been established; Register of extended producer responsibility organizations; Register of business entities in the field of waste processing; other registers defined by legislation.

Designing a sustainable logistics network for hazardous medical waste collection a case study in COVID-19 pandemic

The process of collecting and transporting hazardous medical waste poses a potential threat to the environment and public safety. Furthermore, the waste management system faces higher transportation costs due to the increasing human activities related to rapid population growth. The absence of an efficient and safe logistics network for the timely collection and transportation of hazardous wastes may have negative effects on the environment and public health. Therefore, more sustainable transportation of hazardous waste services is a necessity This paper attempts to design a sustainable network for hazardous medical waste collection services during the COVID-19 pandemic. An electric medical waste collection vehicle routing problem is introduced to construct optimal routes and rosters for a fleet of electric vehicles as well as cover their choice of charging technologies, times and locations. This problem allows us to minimize the health risk of hazardous medical waste while providing cost-effective, zero-emission waste management logistics. Therefore, this problem covers environmental and economic objectives to achieve sustainable development. An effective heuristic that covers adaptive large neighbourhood search and a local search is designed to deal with the complex problem. A series of extensive computational experiments is carried out using real-life benchmark instances to assess the performance of the algorithm. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to investigate the effect of multiple charger types on the cost and risk objectives. The experiment results indicate that mixed-use of different charger types can reduce the total energy cost and transport risk compared to the case of using only a single charger.

An innovative optimization model for sustainable hazardous waste reverse logistics network considering co-processing in cement kilns technology

As the rapid growth in hazardous waste (HW) is threatening both the environment and public health, more efficient disposal methods are needed. This paper proposes an innovative HW reverse logistics network (RLN) considering advanced co-processing in cement kiln technology, establishing three disposal lines to reduce HW volumes, develop renewable products, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and conserve resources. To optimise the HW disposal process, a multi-objective optimisation model comprehensively considering social, economic, and environmental dimensions is proposed. Then a numerical example is used to demonstrated the validity of the proposed model and a real-world case is conducted to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the proposed model in determining the most suitable hazardous waste disposal facilities, transportation routes and transportation quantities. Scenario analyses under different decision-maker attitudes towards the objectives are conducted while also considering the influence of governmental disposal subsidies. Finally, practical policy suggestions are provided to guide scientific and sustainable HW disposal. This study concludes that 1) different decision maker and disposal subsidy levels affect the optimal system decisions, 2) advanced co-processing in cement kiln technology increases the effectiveness of the HW-RLN in terms of economic and environmental perspectives, and 3) policy subsidy support could encourage the application of co-processing in cement kiln technology; a unit disposal subsidy of 160 CNY is considered suitable for “technologically pessimistic” decision-makers, while 200–220 CNY is considered suitable for “technologically optimistic” decision-makers.

Medical waste management at Idaman Hospital in Banjarbaru during the covid-19 pandemic

Covid-19 coronavirus spreads among persons via droplets from the nose or mouth of infectious persons when they breathe or cough. These droplets land on a surface, which another person then touches. When that person then touches her eyes, nose or mouth, the virus enters the new host. The virus can also infect directly when the droplets get inhaled by someone near the infected person. Another problem in the covid-19 pandemic is hazardous medical waste, which can become another vector for a viral infection to hospital patients, medical staff, and the community around the hospital. Covid-19-contaminated medical waste consisting of used needles and infusion kits, PPE, masks and gloves, used paper and plastic food containers, bandages and tissue paper increased the waste volume at Idaman Hospital Banjarbaru by 30%, requiring optimization of waste management. This study aims to identify medical waste potentials and impacts at Idaman Hospital in Banjarbaru during the covid-19 pandemic and evaluate covid-19 medical waste management at Idaman Hospital in Banjarbaru. This study utilizes the descriptive observational method by collecting secondary data. According to the types of waste, the study indicates that medical waste management at Idaman Hospital in Banjarbaru already meets the Regulation of Environment and Forestry Minister Number 56-year 2015, including reducing and separating hazardous and poisonous waste storage, transportation, and management.

PERKEMBANGAN DAN SISTEM PENGANGKUTAN LIMBAH BAHAN BERBAHAYA DAN BERACUN (B3) DI INDONESIA

Industrial development besides having a positive impact on the economy, also has a negative impact such as the waste industry. Non-hazardous and non-toxic material waste no to be handled as strictly as hazardous and toxic material waste, although the waste industry. This issues (1) How is the development of hazardous and toxic waste transportation?; and (2) How is the hazardous and toxic waste transportation system? The response to the issues are the aims of this research. The method used is a literature study and analyzed descriptively. The results of the search for hazardous and toxic waste transportation data for the 2015–19 period and analysis shows: (1) The amount of hazardous and toxic waste in Indonesia decreasing, but the waste transportation companies increase by 40.98% (3650 waste transportation service companies) from 2589 in 2018; (2) the number of permits increased by an average of 23.58%/year; (3) the number of vehicles hazardous transporting is 8,984 vehicles or 4 times from 2015; and (5) the contributing sectors for hazardous are Mining, Energy and Oil and Gas; Manufacture; Infrastructure and Services; and Agro Industry.

Reverse logistics research of municipal hazardous waste: a literature review.

The reverse logistics of municipal hazardous waste (RLMHW) have received close attention from researchers and practitioners alike, given the essential impact of safe transportation and effective management of hazardous waste on public health and environmental sustainability. There are a great number of studies in the extant literature on RLMHW, with many and diverse research topics; however, a concise and complete overview of the research works already conducted in this particular area is conspicuous by its absence. This paper strives to fill the gap through the conduct of rigorous systematic literature review of RLMHW in the past three decades, and then establish a framework of studies on RLMHW. The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) to identify the trend of journals publishing research papers on RLMHW; (2) to extract the main topics in studies on RLMHW; (3) to locate the most popular research areas of RLMHW; (4) to summarize the methods adopted in studies on RLMHW; (5) to identify research deficiencies in certain categories of RLMHW; and (6) to establish the future research directions of RLMHW. The main implications of the study are to offer a better understanding of RLMHW by systematic crystallization of archival data in a systematic chronological order across central issues. This study contributes to scholarly debate in this field by serving as a snapshot paper to document the development of the field and gives input to policymakers in process design and policy making in the domain of RLMHW.

Double Path Optimization of Transport of Industrial Hazardous Waste Based on Green Supply Chain Management

With the deepening of the concepts of “sustainable development”, green supply chain management has gradually been attached great importance by the government and enterprises. Based on the green supply chain management method, this paper studies the path optimization of industrial hazardous waste treatment transportation in environmental protection enterprises, aiming at the green purchasing link, in order to realize the management of the green purchasing of environmental enterprises linked to green production under the green supply chain management which integrates green purchasing, hazardous waste storage and green disposal.

Experimental study on pumping pressure of pipeline transportation of hazardous waste

Experimental study on pumping pressure of pipeline transportation of hazardous waste

A stochastic network design problem for hazardous waste management

Hazardous waste management is of paramount importance due to the potential threats posed to the environment and local residents. The design of a hazardous waste management system involves several important decisions, i.e., the determination of the locations and sizes of treatment, recycling and disposal facilities, and organizing the transportation of hazardous waste among different facilities. In this paper, we proposed a novel stochastic bi-objective mixed integer linear program (MILP) to support these decisions in order to reduce the population exposure to risk while simultaneously maintaining a high cost efficiency of the transportation and treatment of hazardous waste. Moreover, considering the inherent uncertainty within the planning horizon, the cost, demand and affected population are defined as stochastic parameters. A sample average approximation based goal programming (SAA-GP) approach is used to solve the mathematical model. The proposed model and solution method are validated through numerical experiments whose results show that uncertainty may not only affect the objective value but also lead to different strategic decisions in the network design of a hazardous waste management system. In this regard, the strategic decisions obtained by the stochastic model is more robust to the change of external environment. Finally, the model is applied in a real-world case study of healthcare waste management in Wuhan, China, in order to show its applicability.

A ‘green’ approach to fixing polyacrylamide gels

Handling chemicals that require specific safety precautions and protections generates the need for hazardous waste removal and transportation costs. With the growing effort to reduce both cost per analysis and the environmental footprint of research, we report an effective alternative to the widely used methanol/acetic acid gel fixation solution. 1.0 M citric acid dissolved in 5% acetic acid (C3A) provides comparable results following both SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, while also eliminating waste removal costs.

The Transportation and Storage Conformity Evaluation of Hazardous and Toxic Waste of Fertilizer Production

Industry X is one of the sectors of the fertilizer and chemical industries that produce ammonia and urea. Their factory has a mass production that also makes them produce a huge amount of waste, especially Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3 in Indonesian abbreviation). The resulting hazardous waste hereinafter referred to B3 Wastes, will then be managed under the applicable laws and regulations. The management of B3 wastes starts from the source and the producer of B3 wastes, temporary storage (TPS LB3 and TPS Fly Ash and Bottom Ash), waste labelling, and the generation of B3 wastes. This study aim (1) to recognize the condition of B3 in Industry X, (2) to identify kind of B3 waste in Industry X, and (3) to evaluate the operational of B3 packaging and labelling, The researchers will hold an observation, literature study, interview, and discussion as the data collection methods. Additionally, the analysis of the results and discussion of this study uses qualitative descriptions.

Industrial Waste Management;Case Study, Shams Abad Industrial Park

Introduction: Increasing hazardous industrial waste and lack of necessary regulations for management of them have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of hazardous industrial wastes in the Shams Abad Industrial Park of Tehran, Iran. Method: The research was descipttive, cross sectional one. The data was gathered by first referring to industrial units and completion of Iranian Environmental Organization Questionnaire and then analyzing the gathered data. Findings: In the Shams Abad Industrial Park, 532224 ton/year or 1478ton/day of different industrial waste is produced. The biggest proportion of waste includes mineral wastes which are about 426048 ton/year or 805%. The smallest proportion in Cellulose waste is produced at a rate of 30.36 ton/year or 0.005%. 90 percent of the active industries at this park produce solid industrial waste. Results and Discussion: The result of this study showed that disposal of these wastes is mainly done by recycling and re-usage in other industries is about 85%. The best , most economic, and most environment-friendly waste management activity of the Shams Abad Industrial Park is prevention of production, increasing the potential recycling, and reuse of material with emphasis on sorting at the production site, increasing mechanical sorting, and decreasing production of disposable waste.

The hazardous waste location and routing problem: an application in Marmara Region in Turkey

Hazardous waste management involves the collection, transportation, processing, recycling and disposal of industrial and domestic wastes. In this study, a single objective, multi-product mixed integer programming model for hazardous waste facility location and routing problem is developed for the hazardous waste management problem. The aim of the study is to locate hazardous waste treatment, recycling and disposal facilities to the designated candidate locations with the lowest cost and highest profit. With this, we try to ensure that the waste is transported between hazardous waste generation centers and these facilities with the minimum cost and maximum revenue. Unlike the studies in the literature, we constructed an enhanced model that take all the following properties into account: the location of hazardous waste treatment, recycling and disposal facilities; transportation of hazardous waste, hazardous recycled materials and hazardous waste residues between these facilities; cost, revenue, risk, capacity and technology compatibility. The model provides to decide the sorts of facilities which are needed by considering the type and amount of hazardous waste generated in determining where to locate these facilities. The model, also, determines which types of hazardous waste can be transported between the facilities. The developed model is applied to the Marmara Region with the real data provided by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. Accordingly, the results are evaluated and presented.

Improvement of methodology of justification of safe routes for transportation of dangerous substances and cargo

Purpose. To improve existing methods for safe routing when transporting hazardous materials as well as waste products. Methodology. Methods of mathematical modeling, methods of statistics, methods for predicting risks and long-term environmental consequences are used. Taking into account time factors, the distribution of population into different sections of highways is considered. Findings. Parameters of the transport network and their influence on the magnitude of the risk of an emergency situation and possible accidents in the transportation of hazardous waste (THW) are established in the work. An analysis is conducted of dangerous effects that can be caused by THW taking into account the parameters of road, transport network, type and modes of transport, and others. In order to minimize the risk of accidents during THW, it is proposed to use appropriate approaches and criteria K1 and K2, which take into account the lowest values of dangerous effects on the person during the transportation time, which allow evaluating the safety of the transportation system and the selected route, whereas their product takes into account all the possible main factors of the transportation system. Typical road and rail transport schemes have been identified to ensure a minimum number of accidents and reduce environmental and human hazards. Originality. Approaches are improved to transportation of dangerous goods by motorway and railroad, in particular, the parameters of curvature and inclination of the road, availability of settlements and bridges, meteorological conditions and traffic congestions, which improves the efficiency and safety of transportation of dangerous substances and materials. Practical value. The original mathematical models of mapping the route for transporting dangerous substances are offered while the existing ones are improved. The results of the research can be used by transport companies, public authorities in the transportation of hazardous substances and logistics and non-hazardous industries.

Hazardous Waste: The Beginning of International Organizations Addressing a Growing Global Challenge in the 1970s

Hazardous waste began gaining public attention in industrialized countries in the 1970s, partly as a result of several scandals involving former waste sites. Early on, several international organizations (IOs), notably the EEC, NATO, OECD and WHO, addressed the issue in publications, surveys and the collection of data. Collectively, these initiatives addressed crucial questions regarding the definition, collection, transportation and disposal of hazardous waste. Above all, they provided space and subtle pressure for national authorities to gather information about a problem which, so far, had been all but ignored. These programs revealed the improvised nature of much policy-making at the time but also offered the opportunity to consider hazardous waste management within larger development pathways. The perspectives taken during discussions at IOs vacillated between pragmatic, simple collection of data and superficial searching for short-term management in terms of trying to get rid of the substances and more principled considerations of how to find long-term solutions for hazardous waste through comprehensive approaches that integrated all stages of production from produce planning to disposal. Thus, IOs did not prevent the increasing spread of toxic materials into the environment. But they may have mitigated its form and paved the way for alternative development planning in the long run.