Transport Organization Research Articles

Wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon

PurposeThis study aims to introduce the achievements and benefits of applying wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon in China.Design/methodology/approachChinese wagons' existing maintenance strategy had left a certain safety margin for the characteristics of widely running range, unstable service environment and submission to transportation organization requirements. To reduce maintenance costs, China railway (CR) has attempted to extend the maintenance interval since 2020. The maintenance cycle of C80 series heavy haul wagons is extended by three months (no stable routing) or 50,000 km (regular routing). However, in the meantime, the alarming rate of the running state, a key index to reflect the severe degree of hunting stability, by the train performance detection system (TPDS) for the C80 series heavy haul wagons has increased significantly.FindingsThe present paper addresses a big data statistical way to evaluate the risk of allowing the C80 series heavy haul wagons to remain in operation longer than stipulated by the maintenance interval initial set. Through the maintenance and wayside-detector data, which is divided into three stages, the extension period (three months), the current maintenance period and the previous maintenance period, this method reveals the alarming rate of hunting was correlated with maintenance interval. The maintainability of wagons will be achieved by utilizing wagon performance degradation modeling with the state of the wheelset and the often-contact side bearing. This paper also proposes a statistical model to return to the average safety level of the previous maintenance period's baseline through correct alarming thresholds for unplanned corrective maintenance.Originality/valueThe paper proposes an approach to reduce safety risk due to maintenance interval extension by effective maintenance program. The results are expected to help the railway company make the optimal solution to balance safety and the economy.

Analysis of Competitiveness of Small Ports of the Azov-Black Sea Basin in Multimodal Transportation: Technological Aspects, Transportation Problem Optimisation

A new approach is proposed to the study of functioning of the connecting and transforming link of the multimodal transport and logistics chain, implemented by railway cargo transportation. The methodological basis of the research is classical principles of egalitarianism in the theory of welfare, which allow, based on assessment of the transport and technological infrastructure of the network segment and tariff rates, to build mathematical models that are economically justified, customer-oriented and in demand in management of cargo transportation processes. An algorithm for solving a multi-criteria and multi-extremal problem of integer linear programming with a set of cost objective functions has been developed in the medium of the analytical computing system. The computational experiment is used as a guiding heuristic tool in finding the optimal level of organization and economic efficiency of the cargo transportation process.Optimal combinations of distributions of the number of departure routes per loading stations and related plans of transportation to the reloading stations were found with the help of the Pareto criterion. The obtained values of cost indicators provide the participants of the transportation process with the opportunity to choose competitive options in transportation schemes using small port transshipment stations of the Azov-Black Sea basin.

A comparative analysis of current out-of-hospital transfusion protocols to expert recommendations

AimThis study aimed to compare current out-of-hospital transfusion (OHT) protocols in Canadian civilian critical care transport organizations (CCTO) to expert recommendations and explore the variability and potential benefits of standardizing OHT practices across Canada. MethodsA comprehensive cross-sectional study was conducted, encompassing all seven Canadian CCTOs that provide OHT. The study assessed adherence to expert recommendations and examined specific aspects of the transfusion process, such as indications for transfusion and cessation criteria. ResultsThe study found an 89% adherence to expert recommendations for OHT among Canadian CCTOs. It highlighted a strong alignment between current practices and recommendations, possibly attributed to collaborative frameworks like the CAN-PATT network. However, notable variability and ambiguity were observed in transfusion indications and cessation criteria. The study also emphasized the potential benefits of standardizing OHT practices, such as improved policy formulation, better interpretation of emerging literature, and evaluation of OHT efficacy. ConclusionThis cross-sectional study assessed how Canadian CCTOs implement OHT practices compared to expert-recommended practices. The findings underscore the importance of structured protocols in trauma management. Given the consistency in OHT protocol adoption and the comprehensive approach across CCTOs, there's a solid foundation for managing trauma patients in prehospital and transport settings across Canada. As OHT practices continue to evolve, sustained efforts are vital to refine, adapt, and elevate patient care standards in trauma management.

Comparative physiochemical and transcriptomic analysis reveals the influences of cross-pollination on ovary and fruit development in pummelo (Citrus maxima)

‘Shuijingmiyou’ pummelo (SJ), one of the most popular fruits in Yunnan province of China, is of relatively low fruit shape (FS) quality. In this study, we compared the FS promoting effects of cross pollinations using pollens from seven pummelo varieties, and found that ‘Guanximiyou’ pummelo (GX) cross-pollination showed the best FS promoting effects on SJ fruits by shortening its fruit neck. To explore the underlying mechanism, physiochemical and transcriptomic differences between self- and cross-pollinated SJ ovaries (SJO and GXO) were investigated. Higher salicylic acid, gibberellin and indole acetic acid contents and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities, and lower polyphenol oxidase activity were determined in GXO compared with SJO. Enrichment analysis of the identified 578 differentially expressed genes (123 up-regulated and 455 down-regulated) in GXO showed that genes involved in solute transport, RNA biosynthesis, phytohormone action and cell wall organization were significantly enriched. The results obtained in this study will be helpful in understanding the influences of cross-pollination on pummelo ovary and fruit development, and can provide the basis for clarifying the underlying mechanism of cross-pollination improved fruit quality.

Railway tourism in providing the sustainable and smart population mobility

It is emphasized that the transport infrastructure significantly affects the choice of a tourist to travel to a specific destination. Within the mainland, it is recommended to use rail transport for travel as the most competitive in comparison with other modes of transport. The advantages and disadvantages of the organization of tourist railway trips are summarized. The main factors affecting tourists’ desire to travel by railway at different levels are highlighted. Examples of the organization of tourist trips by railways are given. Directions for providing services in the organization of railway tourism are proposed.A scheme for constructing a schedule is provided, which allows you to determine the break-even point of the organization of tourist railway trips along a specific route. It is recommended to divide all costs of the company, which will be engaged in the organization of railway tourist transportation. At the same time, contingent and fixed costs, in turn, were divided into: contingent and fixed costs that take into account tourist transportation in general and contingent and fixed costs that directly depend on the structure of the tourist train.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism and Responsive Genes of Waterlogging Stress in Actinidia deliciosa Planch Kiwifruit Plants

Waterlogging stress is one of the major natural issues resulting in stunted growth and loss of agricultural productivity. Cultivated kiwifruits are popular for their rich vitamin C content and unique flavor among consumers, while commonly sensitive to waterlogging stress. The wild kiwifruit plants are usually obliged to survive in harsh environments. Here, we carried out a transcriptome analysis by high-throughput RNA sequencing using the root tissues of Actinidia deliciosa (a wild resource with stress-tolerant phenotype) after waterlogging for 0 d, 3 d, and 7 d. Based on the RNA sequencing data, a high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in roots under waterlogging treatment, which were significantly enriched into four biological processes, including stress response, metabolic processes, molecular transport, and mitotic organization, by gene ontology (GO) simplify enrichment analysis. Among these DEGs, the hypoxia-related genes AdADH1 and AdADH2 were correlated well with the contents of acetaldehyde and ethanol, and three transcription factors Acc26216, Acc08443, and Acc16908 were highly correlated with both AdADH1/2 genes and contents of acetaldehyde and ethanol. In addition, we found that there might be an evident difference among the promoter sequences of ADH genes from A. deliciosa and A. chinensis. Taken together, our results provide additional information on the waterlogging response in wild kiwifruit plants.

Категории «метавселенная» и «non-fungible token» в международном частном праве: на примере морской перевозки грузов

Introduction. The emergence of new technologies poses to the Russian legislator a number of complex issues that require rapid and high-quality study, since successful or, conversely, unsuccessful legal regulation of certain processes can promote or hinder their development. These are currently digital technologies and, as their separate element, the metaverse, which exists through the operation of a system of distributed registries, smart contracts, and primary accounting units – tokens. In this regard, the purpose of this publication is to consider the current state and certain aspects of improving the legal regulation of the metaverse and the turnover of a particular type of token, namely the non-fungible token (NFT). Methods. The research is based on the application of logical and dialectical techniques and methods of scientific cognition, comparative legal and legal-technical analysis of texts of normative acts, and materials of law enforcement practice. As a result of the research, the features of the functioning of metaverses as a symbiosis of the real, virtual, and imaginary worlds were considered. The introduction of such technologies into civil circulation, including the sphere of maritime transportation, can significantly improve the quality of legal protection of the rights and interests of subjects involved in these relations. The results of the review became the basis for the following conclusion: the Russian Federation is at the initial stage of the formation of metaverses on its territory, including the issue of legal regulation of such phenomena. In this connection, and taking into account the geopolitical situation, it was proposed by the state forces, with the involvement of the largest Russian transport organizations, on the basis of a public-private partnership, to accelerate the creation of such systems, including regulations in this area, both within Russia and at the regional and international level within the framework of the EAEU and BRICS.

Documentation systems of road transport institutions as an indicator of corporate information subculture

In the modern conditions of the transition to the information society, there is a need to develop an appropriate information culture of the business entity, to systematize the basic principles of documentation support for its management, a balanced study of documentation systems, including their interrelationship, for the further implementation of information technologies, the application of electronic document management systems. The purpose of the work is a comprehensive exploration of the infrastructure and industry documentation systems of the institution, the clear construction of blocks of documentation systems and the arrangement of their components, the perfect knowledge and understanding of which contributes to the application of progressive principles of its management, raising the level of its corporate culture. Systemic and socio-communicative approaches were used during the research, which made it possible to substantiate the division of documentation systems into blocks, to establish communication links between infrastructural, regulatory and industrial documentation, and to determine the role of each of its components. The application of the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete contributed to the transformation of general issues of documentation support of the business entity to the construction of specific documentation systems of the transport institution. The article represents the authors’ point of view on the construction of systems of infrastructural and industrial documentation, which take place in the documentation support of the management of the institution on the example of a motor vehicle enterprise. Infrastructural documentation is presented as functional to ensure the management of all areas of the institutionʼs activities, containing blocks of management documentation systems (general, economic blocks and a block of social documentation). The purpose of each of the systems of professional documentation, their components and the relationship between them is revealed. A block of regulatory and information support documentation has been singled out, which serves both the general goals of the organizationʼs management and each of its areas of activity. In this study, a complex system of documentation of the organization is proposed as an indicator of the level of its information culture, a component of corporate culture, which characterizes the degree of joint achievements of employees in possible types of work on managing documentation, creating information products and services. The results of the research can have practical application in all transport organizations when implementing and applying the latest systems and technologies for working with documented information

Overcoming distance: an exploration of current practices of government and charity-funded critical care transport and retrieval organizations

BackgroundFor critically ill and injured patients, timely access to definitive care is associated with a reduction in avoidable mortality. Access to definitive care is significantly affected by geographic remoteness. To overcome this disparity, a robust critical care transport (CCT) or retrieval system is essential to support the equity of care and overcome the tyranny of distance. While critical care transport or retrieval systems have evolved over the years, there is no universally accepted system or standard, which has led to considerable variation in practices. The objective of this mixed-methods study was to identify and explore the current clinical, operational, and educational practices of government and charity-funded critical care transport and retrieval organizations operating across access- and weather- challenged geography.MethodsThis study utilized a mixed-methods approach comprising a rapid review of the literature and semi-structured interviews with identified subject matter experts (SME).ResultsA total of 44 articles and 14 interviews with SMEs from six different countries, 12 different services/systems, and seven operational roles, including clinicians (physician, paramedic, and nurse), educator, quality improvement, clinical governance, clinical informatics and research, operations manager, and medical director were included in the narrative analysis. The study identified several themes including deployment, crew composition, selection and education, clinical governance, quality assurance and quality improvement and research.ConclusionThis mixed-methods study underscores the paucity of literature describing current clinical, operational, and educational practices of government or charity-funded CCT or retrieval programs operating across access- and weather- challenged geography. While many common themes were identified including clearly defined mission profiles, use of dedicated or specialized transport teams, central coordination, rigorous selection processes, service-sponsored graduate education, and strong clinical governance, there is little consensus and considerable variation in current practices. Further research is needed to identify and harmonize best practices within the CCT and retrieval environments.

Selection of effective tools for organizing passenger transportation in the Leningrad region

The article considers problems and possible ways to solve them in the current system of organizing passenger transportation by public transport in the Leningrad Region. Existing models of transport services in today’s difficult conditions of dynamic changes in passenger traffic, increasing the cost of fuel and lubricants and spare parts do not allow the carrier to ensure timely updates of rolling stock and force them to look for ways to reduce material costs to the detriment of the quality of passenger service on routes. The system of organization of passenger transportation in the Leningrad region is complex and multi-level, so its effective management is impossible without science-based tools for management decisions. Keywords: passenger transportation, transport model, quality of passenger service, transportation costs, multi-criteria model

Transport institutions and organisations in the formulation of policies for Australian local area traffic management: A 50-year retrospective

Transport institutions and organisations in the formulation of policies for Australian local area traffic management: A 50-year retrospective

ALGORITHM FOR ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MULTIMODAL LONG-DISTANCE PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION

One of the directions of development of the transport complex of the Russian Federation is the development of multimodal transport technologies and infrastructure to ensure multimodal transportation. The article presents an economic assessment of measures for the organization of multimodal long-distance passenger transportation. It is shown that the proposed methodology is aimed at meeting the basic requirements for the organization of passenger transportation, which are to obtain the maximum income when performing multimodal transportation in the direction, and to maximize the number of passengers transported in order to better meet passenger demand.
 Purpose is to study the impact of multimodal transportation on the increase of passenger turnover at the landfill of JSC “FPC”. Since modern requirements for the passenger transportation system dictate the need to create a multimodal transport system based on the integration of passenger rail transport with other modes of transport, it is necessary to show the importance of organizing multimodal transportation in accordance with passenger demand. To consider the matter of necessity to determine the main parameters that affect the choice of multimodal routes.
 Methodology. Complement existing approaches to the organization of multimodal transportation. Methods of economic theory for determining the effectiveness of the organization of long-distance multimodal passenger transportation.
 Results. The criteria of multimodal transportation have been defined.An algorithm for assessing the economic efficiency of the organization of a multimodal route is proposed, which allows to estimate the expected profit from transportation organization, as well as predicting transportation impact on transportation process indicators.
 Practical implication. The recommendations and approaches proposed in the algorithm developed by the author can be used for the development of multimodal routes. The proposed algorithm allows performing a preliminary analysis of its economic feasibility yet at the preliminary selection stage for multimodal long-distance passenger transportation organization.

Use of intermediary contracts in maritime transportation

Shipping is an integral part of the supply chain for most industries, making it the backbone of global trade. This explains the relevance of the issues of legal regulation of maritime transport, the knowledge of which is necessary for the effective organization of international transport operations.The description of linear and tramp shipping is given. The concept of a bill of lading, the main shipping document in shipping, is considered, the advantages and possible difficulties with its use are given.Since the transportation of goods is characterized by the complexity of relations and the variety of contractual structures used, the authors consider the features of concluding contracts for maritime transportation, maritime agency and maritime mediation. The significance of intermediary agreements in the transport provision of foreign trade activities is substantiated.The main legislative and regulatory documents in the field of maritime transport are given. Systematized requirements for the organization of contractual relations in the implementation of maritime transportation.

LEGAL REGULATION OF ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE FUEL AND ENERGY SECTOR

The article analyzes the doctrinal foundations of technological connection as an institution of energy legislation, as well as its main features and problems of law enforcement. At the same time, the multidimensional nature of this institution is emphasized, in particular, including technological, economic and legal aspects. The expediency of legislative consolidation of the right of access to energy infrastructure for consumers of energy and energy resources, which must be distinguished from factual (technological) actions aimed at its implementation, is shown. The possible cases of denial of access to technological infrastructure and their consequences are analyzed, the need for regulation of such consequences for network and resource transportation organizations is shown. From the doctrinal and law enforcement positions, the question of the legal nature of the technological connection agreement is investigated, while the impossibility of its legal qualification as a sui generis contract is shown. The legal qualification of the contract for technological connection is related to the issue of the customer’s right to unilaterally refuse to execute the contract for technological connection, which is an important element of its legal status. When studying the issue of alienation of the right to the connected capacity, it is concluded that its alienation is permissible, provided that mechanisms are created to prevent abuse of the right in this area.

Virtual Dynamic Marshalling of Trains under Severe Epidemic Situation

In the context of the global epidemic, urban rail transit has the risk of spreading the virus. Taking Beijing Metro Line 1 as an example, this project establishes a dynamic model of train variable marshalling by studying passenger behavior and virus transmission, aiming to explore more intelligent marshalling mode, optimize transportation organization, and improve the flexibility of train marshalling and dispatching of urban rail transit, so as to improve its transportation efficiency and reduce the station personnel density, Then reduce the risk of disease infection of passengers in the process of taking urban rail transit under the background of the outbreak. The results show that: Dynamic marshalling technology can significantly improve the transport efficiency of urban rail transit trains and effectively control the risk of infection of passengers.

INOVASI PELAYANAN PUBLIK SEBAGAI UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN TRANSPORTASI BERKELANJUTAN DI KOTA BATAM

Batam City kept The quantity of vehicles in Batam City is expanding, various occupants who utilize the Batam trans transport mentioned that the Regional Government increment the armada so as not to stand by excessively lengthy at the bus station and the transport appearance plan isn't not surprisingly. They were confounded that the transports on the Sekupang-Batam Center and Jodoh courses didn't come around then. The exploration targets are to break down open help development as a work to acknowledge maintainable transportation in Batam city and to examine the variables that frustrate public help advancement as a work to acknowledge practical transportation in Batam city. The hypotheses utilized in this exploration are Public Assistance; Development Idea; Administration Advancement Idea; Public Service Innovation Indicators; Factors That Prevent Public Service Innovation furthermore, Feasible Transportation. the examination strategy utilized in this exploration is subjective with an illustrative methodology. The consequences of the examination on the job of the Batam City Transportation Organization in advancement in Batam City in offering Public Support Development administrations as a work to acknowledge economical transportation in Batam City have been running great, however there should be more development.
 Keywords: innovation, service, sustainable transportation

Development of Highway Information System in GIS Environment Himachal Pradesh

Managing information to assist more efficient decision making is currently in high demand for transportation organizations, from engineering at the micro level to statewide planning and management at the macro level. Furthermore, data sharing and cooperation among several government agencies at all levels are required to address the complex environmental and economic development issues that face society today. In the past, the majority of transportation agencies and government sectors frequently used information systems and database development for particular applications. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) outside of the transportation sector has been quite effective. Since GIS in transportation (GIS-T) has been used in numerous transportation projects to detect transportation-related problems, it (GIS-T) offers thorough and timely information for sound decision-making. Using geographic information systems for storage is effective. Geographic data from the real world is retrieved, modified, and displayed for transportation systems. In many nations throughout the world, GIS has been utilized as an effective development platform for information systems for the management of pavement maintenance. Road widening or upgrading, maintenance management, evaluation, geometric design and improvement, and other operations related to road transport can all be managed with the help of a GIS-based Highway Information System (HIS). In the current dissertation, GIS was used to create a highway information system. Many road factors including topography characteristics, distresses, traffic data, highway amenities, and pavement data were gathered.

CHOICE OF SYNERGETIC MODELS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX DISPOSAL OF POLYMER CONTAINERS AND PACKAGING AFTER THE END OF THEIR USAGE

The article presents the possibilities of solving some problems within the framework of the choice of models and the scientific justification for the development of a technology for the complex utilization of polymer containers and packaging after the end of their service life in order to increase the efficiency of the use of solid household waste and waste from various industries at a complex enterprise that can provide all its energy needs independently. Research is aimed at studying such issues as: 1) classification-identification of models of the organization of waste collection and transportation; 2) their classification-identification according to quality control methods, taking into account resistance to the action of natural factors - sunlight, water; climatic conditions and microorganisms; 3) analysis of the choice of scientifically based models of processing and utilization of polymers as part of solid household waste; 4) development of necessary technological schemes and equipment for waste processing; 5) the choice of enterprises for the utilization of polymers and the type of energy resources for the implementation of these design and technological solutions.

Application Of Customer Service Enterprise Architecture In The Transportation Industry

In an era of globalization and rapid technological advancements, the transportation industry is under increasing pressure to provide services that are efficient, integrated, and accommodating to the diverse requirements of customers. Enterprise Architecture is a holistic approach that can assist organizations in planning, managing, and integrating crucial elements such as business processes, information technology, data, and people. Using a qualitative approach and case studies in the transportation industry, this study investigates how the application of Enterprise Architecture can provide substantial benefits for enhancing customer service. Data was gathered by conducting in-depth interviews with various transportation organization stakeholders, including senior management, information technology personnel, and customer service teams. In the context of the transportation industry, this study seeks to analyze and describe the application of Enterprise Architecture with a concentration on customer service. The study results indicate that implementing Enterprise Architecture to customer service in the transportation industry can provide several significant benefits. Firstly, an Enterprise Architecture framework facilitates a greater comprehension of business processes and consumer interactions. This enables more effective process redesign and enhancements to customer service delivery. The author emphasizes the significance of Enterprise Architecture implementation in enhancing customer service in the transportation industry. This holistic approach can assist organizations in addressing complex challenges in a dynamic environment and provides a firm basis for customer-focused strategic decision-making. The findings of this study will likely provide valuable insights for the transportation industry and other organizations considering Enterprise Architecture implementation.

Caspase 1 Enhances Transport and Golgi Organization Protein 1 Expression to Promote Procollagen Export From the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Systemic Sclerosis Contributing to Fibrosis.

Transport and Golgi Organization protein 1 (TANGO1) is a protein that regulates the export of procollagen from the endoplasmic reticulum and has a role in the organization of exit sites for general protein export. What regulates the expression of TANGO1 and the role of TANGO1 in fibrosis is poorly understood and has never been studied in the setting of systemic sclerosis (SSc). We undertook this study to determine the role of TANGO1 in SSc fibrosis. SSc (n=15) and healthy (n=12) primary fibroblast lung cell lines were investigated for the expression of TANGO1. Histologic analyses for TANGO1 were performed on lung biopsy samples (n=12 SSc patient samples and n=8 healthy control samples). SSc fibroblasts showed increased expression of TANGO1 protein in cultured fibroblasts. TANGO1 colocalizes with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive cells in SSc lung tissue and is highly up-regulated in the neointima of SSc vessels. TANGO1 expression was dependent on the inflammasome activation of caspase 1. It was also dependent on signaling from the interleukin-1 (IL-1) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptors. The decrease in TANGO1 down-regulated export of larger cargos including collagen and laminin. Reduced TANGO1 protein had no effect on smaller molecular weight cargoes; however, the secretion of elastin was significantly reduced. TANGO1 is markedly increased in SSc fibroblasts and was found to be elevated in lung tissue in association with α-SMA-positive cells. TANGO1 expression is driven by inflammasome-dependent caspase 1 activation and is mediated by IL-1 and TGFβ downstream signaling. These observations suggest that during fibrosis, caspase 1 promotes the up-regulation of TANGO1 and the organization of endoplasmic reticulum exits sites, ultimately contributing to procollagen export and fibrosis.