Transparent Silicate Glass-ceramics Research Articles

The effect of Al3+ ions on the self-reduction process of Yb3+ to Yb2+ ions and optical properties of Nd3+/Ybn+ (n = 3, 2) co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics containing Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals and Ag nanoparticles

The effect of Al3+ ions in the AlF3 compound on the reduction process of Yb3+ to Yb2+ ions in SiO2–AlF3–BaF2–TiO2–LaF3 (SABTL) transparent silicate glass-ceramics was investigated. The valence states of the elements in the raw materials mixture existing in the transparent silicate glass-ceramics were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum analysis. The transparent silicate glass-ceramics SABTL containing Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals and Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (AgNPs) were identified through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image. With the increase of Al3+ ions molar concentration, the self-reduction process of Yb3+ to Yb2+ ions was enhanced and thus significantly affected the optical bandgaps and upconversion (UC)-, near-infrared (NIR)- emissions of Nd3+/Yb3+ co-doped in SABTL containing Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals and AgNPs under excitation of 980 nm laser diode (LD). The optimal molar concentration ratio between SiO2 and AlF3 compound was determined such that the NIR bandwidth flatness of Nd3+/Yb3+ co-doped in SABTL containing Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals in the wavelength range of 1000–1200 nm was the flattest. In addition, the CIE 1931 (x, y) color coordinates for UC- and visible (VIS)- emissions of Nd3+/Yb3+ co-doped SABTL-0.5Nd2Yb-xAg (x = 0, 2, 3, 4, and 5) glass-ceramics samples are also calculated and determined the color region for light-emitting diode (LED) application.

Broadband near-infrared emission in barium gallo-germanate glasses co-doped with bismuth, chromium and erbium ions

This work presents barium gallo-germanate glasses co-doped with Bi+/Er3+ and Cr3+/Er3+ ions for NIR luminescence. The addition of Al2O3 content in the glass matrix made it possible to obtain luminescence corresponding to the 3P1→3P0 transition of Bi+ ions. Co-doping with the Bi+/Er3+ system resulted in a broad luminescence spectrum of 1.0-1.6 µm and Cr3+/Er3+ co-doping in selected glass matrix resulted in luminescence in 0.9-1.6 µm band. However, the luminescence of the Cr3+ ions is much lower than that of Er3+ ions. Full Text: PDF References T. Suzuki, G.S. Murugan, and Y. Ohishi, 'Optical properties of transparent Li2O-Ga2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics embedding Ni-doped nanocrystals', Appl. Phys. Lett., 86(13), 131903 (2005). CrossRef N.V. Golubev et al., 'Pre-crystallization heat treatment and infrared luminescence enhancement in Ni2+-doped transparent glass-ceramics', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 515, 42 (2019) CrossRef Z. Xu, W. Feng, T. Chen, X. Liu, and J. Qiu, 'Tuning optical properties in PbSe quantum dot-doped borosilicate glass fiber by modulation of network topology', Opt. Laser Technol., 158, 108910 (2023). CrossRef M.A. Hughes, T. Suzuki, and Y. Ohishi, 'Spectroscopy of bismuth-doped lead-aluminum-germanate glass and yttrium-aluminum-silicate glass', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 356(44), 2302 (2010). CrossRef J. Song, Z. Zhou, B. Zhong, M. Zhang, J. Huang, and L. Han, 'Ultra-broadband near-infrared Cr3+-doped multi-phase glass-ceramics realized by the selective enrichment strategy for near-infrared spectroscopy applications', J. Alloys Compd., 968, 172126 (2023). CrossRef M.A.U. Martines, M.R. Davolos, M.J. Júnior, D.F. de Souza, and L.A.O. Nunes, 'Cr3+ and Cr4+ luminescence in glass ceramic silica', J. Lumin., 128(11), 1787 (2008). CrossRef S. Zhou, H. Dong, H. Zeng, J. Hao, J. Chen, and J. Qiu, 'Infrared luminescence and amplification properties of Bi-doped GeO2−Ga2O3−Al2O3 glasses', J. Appl. Phys., 103(10), 103532 (2008). CrossRef T. Suzuki and Y. Ohishi, 'Ultrabroadband near-infrared emission from Bi-doped Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass', Appl. Phys. Lett., 88(19), 191912 (2006). CrossRef T. Minh Hau et al., 'Super broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Bi-Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses', Opt. Mater., 35(3), 487 (2013). CrossRef H.K. Dan et al., 'Effects of Y3+on the enhancement NIR emission of Bi+-Er3+ co-doped in transparent silicate glass-ceramics for Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)', J. Lumin., 219, 116942 (2020). CrossRef E.M. Dianov, 'Bismuth-doped optical fibers: a challenging active medium for near-IR lasers and optical amplifiers', Light Sci. Appl., 1(5) (2012). CrossRef L. Wang, L. Tan, Y. Yue, M. Peng, and J. Qiu, 'Efficient Enhancement of Bismuth NIR Luminescence by Aluminum and Its Mechanism in Bismuth‐Doped Germanate Laser Glass', J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 99(6), 2071 (2016). CrossRef Z. Jiang et al., 'Effects of Al2O3 composition on the near-infrared emission in Bi-doped and Yb-Bi-codoped silicate glasses for broadband optical amplification', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 383, 196 (2014). CrossRef

Effects of Y3+on the enhancement NIR emission of Bi+-Er3+ co-doped in transparent silicate glass-ceramics for Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)

We study effects of Y3+ on the enhancement near-infrared emission of Bi+-Er3+ co-doped in transparent silicate glass-ceramics for optical amplifiers. The differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy to determine the effects of Y3+ on the structure of BaF2 nanocrystals in glass-ceramics. With increasing the concentration of Y3+ from 0 up to 10 mol. %, the near-infrared emission intensities of Bi+-doped, Er3+-doped and Bi+-Er3+ co-doped bands centered at 1276 and 1546 nm also increase, and the full width at half maximum is about 460 nm. At the same time, when the concentration of YF3 increases from 4 up to 10 mol. %: all the glass transition temperature, the crystallization onset temperature, and the crystallization peaks temperature increase, resulting in a shift of the 2θ with a difference Δθ = 0.3°. In addition, we study the thermal properties through differential thermal analysis curves.

Effects of La3+ on the enhancement NIR quantum cutting and UC emissions in Nd3+–Yb3+ co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics for solar cells

Near-infrared (NIR) quantum cutting (QC) and upconversion (UC) emission of Nd3+–Yb3+ co-doped in Si–Al–Ba–La transparent silicate glass-ceramics (SGC) were prepared. Influence of La3+ on the enhancement NIR QC and UC emission intensity of the co-doped Nd3+–Yb3+ in SGC were investigated. Thereby, NIR QC and UC emission intensity of the co-doped Nd3+–Yb3+ were increased strongly with increasing concentration of LaF3 from 5 up to 25 mol. %. The value of NIR QC emission intensity of the co-doped Nd3+–Yb3+ band centered at ~890, 947, 1071, 1339 and 1430 nm is maximized when the concentration of LaF3 reaches 25 mol. %. At the same time, with the increasing concentration of Yb3+, NIR QC emission intensity of the co-doped Nd3+–Yb3+ bands centered at ~890, 1071, 1339 and 1430 nm of Nd3+ and 947 nm of Yb3+ were gradually increased and reaches its maximum at 2.5 mol. % Yb3+, then decreased owing to the self-quenching effect. In addition, NIR QC mechanism and energy transfer (ET) processes between 2F5/2 → 2F7/2 transition of Yb3+ and transitions of Nd3+ are discussed.

Enhanced near/mid-infrared emission bands centered at ∼1.54 and ∼2.73 µm of Er3+-doped in transparent silicate glass-ceramics via Mn2+-Yb3+ dimer

The near/mid-infrared emission of Er3+-doped, Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped and Er3+-Mn2+-Yb3+ tri-doped in 40SiO2–(22.9-x)Al2O3–20BaF2–10LaF3–5TiO2– xMnO–0.1Er2O3–2Yb2O3 (in mol.%, x = 0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 10.0) (acronym: SGC-xMn) transparent silicate glass-ceramics were prepared. Enhanced near/mid-infrared emission intensity of Er3+-doped bands centered at ∼1.54 and ∼2.73 µm in transparent silicate glass-ceramics via Mn2+–Yb3+ dimer under 980 nm excitation were investigated. XRD results indicate that the Mn2+ ions are dispersed into the glass matrix. With the forming of Mn2+–Yb3+ dimer and the energy transfer processes from Mn2+–Yb3+ dimer and Mn2+ to Er3+ ions has led to NIR emission intensity of Er3+-doped at ∼1.54 µm was increased significantly about four-fold and the MIR emission intensity of Er3+-doped at ∼2.73 µm was increased about third-fold. In addition, based on the decay time spectra, mechanism of energy transfer processes between Mn2+–Yb3+ dimer, Mn2+ and Er3+ ions were also discussed.

Broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Nd-Bi co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics for optical amplifiers

The Bi+-doped, Nd3+-doped, and Nd3+-Bi+ co-doped in SiO2–Al2O3–BaF2–LaF3–TiO2 transparent silicate glass-ceramics were fabricated by conventional melting-quenching technique. The super broadband near-infrared luminescence, decay time spectra in Nd3+-Bi+ co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics under 808 nm excitation were investigated. The interesting in this paper is due to energy transfer between Bi+ and Nd3+ ions already exists lead to super broadband NIR emission extending from 1050 to 1550 nm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 480 nm which covered the whole O, E and S bands were observed in the Nd3+-Bi+ co-doped transparent silicate glass ceramics. In addition, based on the decay time spectra, mechanism of energy transfer processes between Bi+ and Nd3+ ions were also discussed and proposed.

Super broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Nd–Bi–Er co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics

Super broadband NIR (near-infrared) emission and energy transfer of Nd–Bi–Er co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics under excitation 808 nm laser diode were investigated. Super broadband NIR emission in Nd–Bi–Er co-doped extending from 1000 to 1600 nm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 600 nm were observed. This result is due to the overlapping NIR emission band centered at 1275 nm (ES1 → GS) of Bi-related and NIR emission band centered at 1063 nm (4F3/2 → 4I11/2) of Nd3+ as well as NIR emission spectral band centered at 1546 nm (4I13/2 → 4I15/2) of Er3+. At the same time, the energy transfer processes between Bi-related, Nd3+ and Er3+ were also discussed and proposed.

Optimizing Nd/Er ratio for enhancement of broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in the Er3 +–Nd3 + co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics

The optimizing Nd/Er ratio for enhancement of broadband near-infrared (NIR) emissions in the Er3+–Nd3+ co-doped SiO2–AlF3–BaF2–TiO2–CaCO3 (SABTC) transparent silicate glass-ceramics containing BaF2 nanocrystals under 808nm excitation was investigated. The broadband NIR emission bands from 850 to 1700nm, which covered the whole O, E, S, C, L and U bands were observed in the Er3+–Nd3+ co-doped glass-ceramics samples, as a result of the overlap of Nd3+-doped emission band centered at 1342nm and the emission from 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ band centered at 1546nm. The NIR emission intensity of Er3+–Nd3+ co-doped bands centered at 895, 1065, 1342 and 1546nm, becomes stronger with varied depending on the mixing ratio of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions, and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) extending from 1250 to 1700nm could be 340nm. Most NIR emission bands at 1065 and 1546nm are observed for the SABTC-1.0N0.4E glass-ceramics sample, corresponding to Nd/Er ratio of 2.5. At the same time, the energy transfer processes between the Nd3+ and Er3+ ions were also discussed.

Spectroscopy and crystal-field analysis of Cr 4+-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics

We report transparent Cr 4+-doped SiO 2–Al 2O 3–ZnO–Li 2O–K 2O glass-ceramics with broadband infrared luminescence. After heart-treatment, Li 2ZnSiO 4 crystallite was precipitated in the glasses, and its average size increased with increasing heat-treatment temperature. Racah parameters of Cr 4+–Li 2ZnSiO 4 glass-ceramics have been calculated, and it was confirmed from absorption spectra that the energy levels of Cr 4+-doped glass-ceramics are close to the cross point 1E and 3T states. No infrared emission was detected in the as-made glass samples, but the broadband infrared emission centered at 1210 nm with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of more than 250 nm was observed by exciting the glass-ceramics with excitation of an 808 nm laser diode. In order to analyze the located crystal field of Cr 4+ ions, the emission spectra are fitted by multi-peak Gauss fitting. It is seen that the fluorescence spectra are fitted into two Gaussian bands at around 1195 and 1263 nm with band widths of 208 and 278 nm, respectively. The two Gaussian bands at around 1195 and 1263 nm have about the same decay rate, and hence they would probably originate from the same luminescent centers. The observed infrared emission could be attributed to Cr 4+ ions at low-field sites in Li 2ZnSiO 4 glass-ceramics.

Enhanced broadband near-infrared luminescence in transparent silicate glass ceramics containing Yb3+ ions and Ni2+-doped LiGa5O8 nanocrystals

Spectral properties of Yb3+∕Ni2+ codoped transparent silicate glass ceramics containing LiGa5O8 nanocrystals were investigated. The near-infrared emission intensity of Ni2+ was largely increased with Yb3+ codoping due to Yb3+→Ni2+ energy transfer. The qualitative calculation of the energy transfer constant Cs-a and rate Ps-a showed that the Yb3+→Ni2+ energy transfer was much greater than in the opposite direction. Yb3+∕Ni2+ codoped glass ceramics with 0.75mol% Yb2O3 exhibited a near-infrared emission with full width at half maximum of 290nm and fluorescent lifetime of 920μs. The glass ceramics are promising for broadband optical amplification.

Energy transfer between Cr^3+ and Ni^2+ in transparent silicate glass ceramics containing Cr^3+/Ni^2+ co-doped ZnAl_2O_4 nanocrystals

The emission intensity of Ni(2+) at 1200 nm in transparent ZnO-Al(2)O(3)-SiO2 glass ceramics containing ZnAl(2)O(4) nanocrystals is improved approximately 8 times by Cr(3+) codoping with 532 nm excitation. This enhanced emission could be attributed to an efficient energy transfer from Cr(3+) to Ni(2+), which is confirmed by time-resolved emission spectra. The energy transfer efficiency is estimated to be 57% and the energy transfer mechanism is also discussed.