Transnational Academic Mobility Research Articles

Reconceptualising diasporic intellectual networks: mobile scholars in transnational space

In this article, we explore how Chinese scholars in the USA recount their transnational collaborations and linkages. Guided by post-colonial theories and cultural studies of transnational academic mobility, we utilise in-depth interviews to resituate the scholars' experiences within a discourse of diasporic intellectual networks. We argue that their movement is not simply a transfer from one physical location to another, but rather that the movement itself constitutes a new space of identification, of belonging and of global imagination. We conclude by considering the transnational implications of local agency for global connectivity and emergence of new subjectivities in a fluid global world.

Multilateral initiatives in the East Asian arena and the challenges for Japanese higher education

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the recent evolution of the policy debate over the internationalization of Japanese higher education in times of particularly strong financial constraint, with reference also made to trends in the higher education systems of neighboring Asian countries. The authors describe the de facto formation of a regional Asia‐Pacific higher education arena through open multilateral initiatives, which continues to develop despite the lack of a developed regional policy consensus.Design/methodology/approachThe present paper is based upon over a decade of investigation into the Japanese and other Asian higher education systems. Observations drawn are based on the critical analysis of regional dynamics, including changing sociopolitical, demographic, economic and technology/information‐based factors. The paper objectively interprets information gathered on Japan's investment in human resources, the research performance and international standing of its universities, as well as on and cross‐border phenomena within the Asia‐Pacific region, such as transnational academic mobility, exchange agreements and other multilateral initiatives.FindingsThe international dimension of Asia‐Pacific higher education is becoming increasingly pronounced, primarily as a result of regional multilateral initiatives. Mutual exchange and collaboration between higher education institutions and individual academics and students are widespread and developing rapidly. However, at this moment, there is neither a developed policy consensus to guide the process, nor explicit agreement as to what the “regional higher education arena” in East Asia and the Asia Pacific looks like. Increasingly complex regional dynamics now present Japanese higher education with the need to reposition its role as a distinguished global leader to one as an active member in supporting multilateral initiatives within the Asia‐Pacific region.Originality/valueIn providing an objective synopsis of selected policy initiatives in Japanese and Asian higher education, this paper underscores the need to re‐conceptualize higher education dynamics in the Asian region and Japan's role therein. Long‐held views of Japan as “regional leader”, of the significance of the geographic situation of any one nation, of cross‐border initiatives as planned phenomena and of the factors influencing regional collaboration in academia are reassessed. As such, this paper moves beyond traditional “polar” conceptualizations to the new reality of “multilateral” relationships, concluding with an urgent call for consensus on key policy issues.

Transnational academic mobility and gender

This paper examines to what extent the participation of researchers in transnational academic mobility, their experiences and perceived outcomes vary by gender. Based on longitudinal statistics, original survey data and semi-structured interviews with former visiting researchers in Germany, the paper shows that the academic world of female researchers tends to be less international than that of their male colleagues, particularly in the natural sciences. This situation has improved since the 1980s but significant variations remain by source country, subject, career stage and length of stay. The paper argues that the underlying reasons go far beyond direct gender relationships and suggests that conceptualising transnational academic mobility as an integral part of mobilisation processes in Latourian ‘centres of calculation’ underlines the need for making this experience accessible to the widest possible range of researchers.

Gender inequalities in transnational academic mobility and the ideal type of academic entrepreneur

Based on a study on academic career paths of PhD graduates in Switzerland, this paper is concerned with the individual and institutional factors that affect transnational academic mobility in the postdoctoral period. It will be argued that the institutionalisation of geographic mobility in academic career paths through research funding institutions and universities have gendering and stratifying effects. Complex formations related to gender, partnership, children, and dual-career constellations, as well as to social class and academic integration, are resulting in inequalities in the accumulation of international cultural and social capital.

Globalisation, transnational academic mobility and the Chinese knowledge diaspora: an Australian case study

The master discourses of economic globalisation and the knowledge economy each cite knowledge diasporas as vital ‘trans-national human capital’. Based on a case study of a major Australian university, this article examines the potential to deploy China's large and highly-skilled diaspora in the service of Chinese and Australian scientific and technological development. It finds that at a time when much of the world is deeply mired in a global financial crisis, this treasured resource of highly-skilled intellectuals assumes even greater significance. Meanwhile, there are key challenges to be confronted to fully utilise China's overseas talent. It argues that the Chinese knowledge diaspora are a modern kind of cosmopolitan literati, and could contribute actively to higher education internationalisation in both Australia and China.

Transnational academic mobility, knowledge, and identity capital

This article begins with the contemporary context of transnational academic mobility, and sketches a typology of mobile academics according to their self-identification. UK examples are offered as the main case study here. The article will then explore the relations of mobile academics and their embodied and encultured knowledge. It employs a concept of ‘transnational identity capital’ to discuss the position of transnational mobile academic intellectuals as a ‘stranger’ as inspired by Simmel's sociology of space.

Transnational academic mobility, internationalization and interculturality in higher education

The purpose of this paper is to consider the complex relations of transnational academic mobility, internationalization and interculturality in higher education. It is argued that, in the contemporaneous relations of the triad, ‘interculturality’ disappears and the other two – transnational academic mobility and internationalization – are both enclosed by the market. The contemporary condition and pattern of transnational academic mobility are also shaped by neoliberal policy and market‐framed research competition. This paper offers some critical reflections on the new world of mobilities and interculturalities and the ‘new strangers’ in the university.

Shifting patterns of transnational academic mobility: a comparative and historical approach

This article is an initial attempt to illustrate how patterns of academic mobility in the history of universities have been framed by the international politics of particular time periods. The article briefly looks at ‘the medieval period’ and then at the emergent colonial and nationalist periods, including the ways that institutions as well as academics themselves were mobile. More contemporaneously the powerful political forces of both the interwar period and the Cold War period (which are well known) are sketched. The final part of the article shows in some detail how, in the contemporary period, the scale and speed of cross‐border academic mobility has changed. There are new actors and new ideologies. What is clear from the article is that there is not merely a need to keep information about the flows of academics up to date for policy purposes. It is also clear that we are a long way from being able to theorise the problem, sociologically and comparatively.

Transnational mobility and the spaces of knowledge production: a comparison of global patterns, motivations and collaborations in different academic fields

Transnational movements of academics shape the production and dissemination of knowledge and thus the geographies of contemporary knowledge economies. In this paper, I investigate the complex relationship between knowledge production and spatial movement by examining three key aspects of academic mobility to Germany in the period 1981 to 2000: first, global patterns of interaction, second, motivations to work in Germany for a limited period of time and, third, resulting publications and collaborations. The study is based on two sets of statistical data and a postal survey involving about 1200 respondents from 90 countries. I argue that the motivations for and outcomes of transnational academic mobility are not only shaped by a great variety of influences that constitute society, academia and the individual but also by varying spatial relations of different research practices, which help to explain typical cultures of academic mobility and collaboration. Drawing upon an actor-network based understanding of both the natural and technical sciences and the arts and humanities, a three-dimensional matrix is developed that conceptualises varying spatial relations of scientific practice and interaction in different fields and at different stages of knowledge production.

Science, foundations, and American universities in the 1920s.

Previous articleNext article No AccessScience, Foundations, and American Universities in the 1920sRobert E. KohlerRobert E. Kohler Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Osiris Volume 3, Number 11987 Published for the History of Science Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/368664 Views: 13Total views on this site Citations: 16Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1987 The History of Science Society, Inc.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Catriel Fierro An ‘ingenious system of practical contacts’: Historical origins and development of the Institute of Child Welfare Research at Columbia University's Teachers College (1922–36), History of the Human Sciences 35, no.11 (Jul 2021): 56–86.https://doi.org/10.1177/09526951211023315Andrea Walton The History of Philanthropy in Higher Education: A Distinctively Discontinuous Literature, (Apr 2019): 479–533.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03457-3_11Gerhard Sonnert Social science and Sozialwissenschaft: Categorical and institutional boundaries of knowledge, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 54, no.33 (May 2018): 178–197.https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.21909Lion Murard Influence subie, influence exercée, Revue d’études comparatives Est-Ouest N° 1, no.11 (Dec 2017): 209–239.https://doi.org/10.3917/receo1.491.0209 Anhang, (Nov 2017): 503–557.https://doi.org/10.13109/9783666301759.503Shaul Katzir “In war or in peace:” The technological promise of science following the First World War, Centaurus 59, no.33 (Aug 2017): 223–237.https://doi.org/10.1111/1600-0498.12161Chay Brooks The apostle of internationalism: Stephen Duggan and the geopolitics of international education, Political Geography 49 (Nov 2015): 64–73.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2015.05.007Michael A. Dennis Universities and Science and Technology: United States, (Jan 2015): 762–766.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.85053-9Jonathan Liebenau, Justin Gundlach Modernizing the Business of Health: Pharmaceuticals in Britain, in comparison with Germany and the United States, 1890–1940: Table 1, Industrial and Corporate Change 22, no.33 (May 2013): 807–847.https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtt010 Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan The Carnegie Appropriations to the American School of Classical Studies: Gifts Wrapped Up in Successful Social Networking, Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 82, no.11 (Jan 2013): 131.https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.82.1.0131Tom Scheiding Boundary Institutions for Reconciliation of Academic Chemistry to Industry: Germany vs. The United States, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1912161Terri Kim Shifting patterns of transnational academic mobility: a comparative and historical approach, Comparative Education 45, no.33 (Aug 2009): 387–403.https://doi.org/10.1080/03050060903184957Stephen Petrina Luella Cole, Sidney Pressey, and Educational Psychoanalysis, 1921?1931, History of Education Quarterly 44, no.44 (Dec 2004): 524–553.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2004.tb00019.xSalma Ahmad American Foundations and the Development of the Social Sciences between the Wars: Comment on the Debate between Martin Bulmer and Donald Fisher, Sociology 25, no.33 (Jul 2016): 511–520.https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038591025003011Allan A. Needell The Carnegie Institution of Washington and Radio Astronomy: Prelude to an American National Observatory, Journal for the History of Astronomy 22, no.11 (Jul 2016): 55–67.https://doi.org/10.1177/002182869102200107 John Neu One Hundred Thirteenth Critical Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, Isis 79, no.55 (Oct 2015): 5–273.https://doi.org/10.1086/354915

The Immigration of Scientists and Engineers to the United States, 1949-61

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Immigration of Scientists and Engineers to the United States, 1949-61H. G. Grubel and A. D. ScottH. G. Grubel Search for more articles by this author and A. D. Scott Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 74, Number 4Aug., 1966 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/259179 Views: 9Total views on this site Citations: 27Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1966 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Frédéric Docquier, Stefanija Veljanoska Is Emigration Harmful to Those Left Behind?, Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no.11 (Oct 2020): 367–388.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110419-125230József Golovics Addressing the EU's East-West Brain Drain: Why a Tax Solution would be in Vain, New Perspectives 27, no.22 (Feb 2020): 63–85.https://doi.org/10.1177/2336825X1902700204Ciprian Panzaru, Robert D. Reisz Brain Drain Migration from Romanian Academia. 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