Speed Of Information Transmission Research Articles

Technological and Socio-communication Aspects of Establishment and Development of Mobile Services in Ukraine

The article explores technological and social prerequisites of functioning and developmen of mobile services, which become an integral part of modern society. It has been proved that the development of wireless data technologies and an increase in the speed of information transmission have led to the active use of mobile devices, which have been extensively distributed in recent years around the world.It has been found that improving of mobile communications and reducing the cost of using it is an important prerequisite for the expansion of mobile services. There is a trend towards increasing demand among users for high-speed Internet access. The level of penetration of the Internet in Ukraine and the number of active users of mobile Internet are highlighted.It is substantiated that the important prerequisite for the emergence of mobile services is the rapid and continuous improvement of mobile phones (smartphones) and their capabilities. The growing of smartphones popularity is actualizing and stimulating the development of mobile services, among which mobile applications are at the forefront. It is proved that the use of various applications extends forms of access to information resources, significantly affects the volume and speed of data transmission, what in turn, acts as one of the conditions for the functioning of mobile services.The essence and preconditions of digital competence formation in the context of development of global trend of digital transformation of society and activation of use of mobile services are revealed. The role of education in this process is identified. The necessity of constant development of digital competences, formation of digital culture and support of organization of training by state authorities as the main initiator and strategist of formation and realization of human capital are substantiated. The relevance of the inclusion of library institutions as possessing resource and image capital to the process of formation of digital culture is proved.

Research and development of hierarchical models of automated control systems for the parameters of the radio-line of the cognitive radio system

The paper considers a five-level model of a cognitive radio communication system. It was revealed that the value of the influence of natural factors and the effects of the enemy is comparable, but several times less than the state of the radio communication system. The observer’s device and the regulator are important for the effective transmission of information and the controlled process and the internal state of the information transmission system are less important. The goal of reducing the number of errors in the transmission of information and increasing the speed of information transmission are important for the effective transmission of information, in comparison with a reduction in the computational load on the formation of signal-code structures and a decrease energy used for transmission. The highest efficiency of the radio system can be achieved through the use of optimal signal processing algorithms, and high power of the transmitted signal. High speed of information transmission will not give a tangible effect when transmitting information in difficult conditions without the necessary power of the radio link and signal processing algorithms.

Obtaining a behavioral model for evaluating the definition of significant moments of the digital signal from perfect provisions in time

The increasing complexity of the systems-on-a-chip, as well as their raising operating frequencies, leads to the more complex and accurate design of the systems for generating clock signals. In this case, it becomes important not only to define all the characteristics that directly affect the accuracy of the generated signals, but also the practical possibility of estimating them using computer simulation. The reason for this is that the numbers of systems, which require modeling, develop faster than the computing power of a data processor. This paper discusses the possibilities of analyzing clock generation systems to estimate the value of random noise. The development of data transmission interfaces seeksto increase the speed of information transmission, whereas this development is proceeding in several directions.Firstly, the increase in speed may be achieved refining modulation systems. Another way to increase the speed of information transfer is to change the data transfer protocol. However, the most effective method of increasing the data transfer rate for any interfaces is still to increase the transmission frequency, i.e. reducing the duration of a single interval, which leads to stricter requirements for both the transmitter and the receiver involved in the physical implementation of the data transfer interface (PHY).

Application of GIS technology in the construction of urban traffic sharing multimedia information platform

With the gradual maturity of geographical multimedia information system, applying geographical multimedia information system to urban intelligent traffic management information system and urban traffic sharing information platform can realize unified management and real-time update of traffic information. Through the urban traffic sharing information platform, it can increase the value of information. The multimedia information of the entire intelligent traffic management system can be stored, organized and processed by the shared multimedia information platform. It can more effectively ensure the correctness, comprehensibility and avoid redundancy of data relationships. Then it improves the utilization and transmission speed of multimedia information in the system. The urban traffic multimedia information management system has improved the use efficiency of urban road construction in China. And it also made the traffic multimedia information system more scientific and intelligent. It can also improve its management level and play an important role in urban traffic management. This paper first briefly analyzes the current traffic situation and the development of intelligent traffic multimedia information system in China. The basic concepts of GIS and urban intelligent transportation system based on GIS are introduced secondly. At last, the possibility about GIS as urban intelligent traffic management system sharing multimedia information platform is analyzed. The system framework and the basic function of GIS platform are put forward, and the application of GIS in urban traffic common information platform using the key technical support was discussed. It expounds the application of GIS in urban traffic common multimedia information platform.

Research on Key Technologies of network GIS cluster based on server virtualization

The integration of geographic information system (GIS) and Internet has greatly expanded the scope of application of GIS, but also made the application of geospatial information wider, so that different regions and different industries can easily and quickly share information, so that geographic information can be more integrated into public life. With the rapid development of GIS network, the information transportation has been constantly updated. The use of virtual server can improve the accuracy and speed of GIS information transmission. This paper analyzes the key technology and development direction.

Output regulation for stochastic delay systems under asynchronous switching with dissipativity

This paper is concerned with output regulation for a class of switched stochastic delay systems based on the dissipativity property. We address one important practical issue: switching between the regulators is not synchronous with but delayed from switching between the systems due to the limited speed of information transmission and control action. The average dwell time (ADT) method is used to design switching signals and asynchronous regulators. The error-dependent integral term is added to the Lyapunov–Krasovskii (L–K) functional to make better use of the delay information. An auxiliary matrix is introduced to gain higher degree of freedom to achieve both the ADT condition and the dissipativity condition. The solvability conditions are derived using linearisation techniques, and they also give the relations between ADT and upper bound of delays. Simulation examples are provided to testify the feasibility and validity of the proposed approach.

Innovative Application of Python in Data Crawling —Chinese Version of Movie Recommendation Platform

The rapid development of computer hardware and Internet makes the information transmission speed and storage capacity of the network explode. The development of basic technology has led to the advance of many multimedia and rich text technologies that serve the public. In order to solve the problem that users and companies need to process and retrieve massive amounts of information, web crawler technology extracts the specified information from web pages and then analyzes it, providing a directional function of crawling information from large amounts of information. This article explains the web crawler that uses Python language to extract specific movie information from the website in detail and analyzes the detailed process of web crawler written in Python language.

Comparative studies and analysis of efficiency code-based hybrid cryptosystem

The basic principles of construction and operation of McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems based on the use of error-correcting codes are considered. A new hybrid cryptosystem, that combines rules of encryption according to the above-mentioned schemes, is proposed. Also, an analysis and comparative studies are carried out in terms of stability, volume of public and private keys, length of ciphertext and relative speed of information transmission of the new proposed scheme and McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems presented both in an analytical form and by means of a graphic. Comparative studies revealed that the hybrid cryptosystem retains the positive aspects of its predecessors, as well as allows increase in the relative transmission rate with the preservation of the stability indicator to the classical and quantum cryptanalysis, but, unfortunately, one important limitation is still preserved - a large size of the required key data.

(Invited) High-Speed Analog Resistance Change in TaO x Synthesized by Reactive Sputtering

We successfully demonstrated the high-speed analog resistance change (ARC) in the TiN/TaO x -L/TaO x -H/TiN, where TaO x -L and TaO x -H respectively denote the tantalum oxide thin film having the lower and higher resistivity synthesized by the reactive sputtering process. Observed ARC is expected to be applicable to the nonvolatile weight value in the artificial perceptron and the human brain inspired information processing technology. The resistance change speed is as fast as 500 ns and much faster that the information transmission speed in the actual neuron cell.

COUPLING COEFFICIENTS OF DIFFERENT SPHERICAL DIELECTRIC MICRORESONATORS

Background. Nowadays, further increase of processing and transmission speed of information is associated with the development of hybrid integrated circuits, combining electrical and optical components. One of the important constituent parts of future optical integrated circuits are filters that can be conveniently implemented using so-called disc microresonators with whispering gallery oscillations. Technically, the problem of manufacturing such filters in the infrared and even in the visible wavelength range has been solved, but calculation of parameters and tuning of multilink filters is impossible without further development of the theory of their building. The development of such a theory is based on the electrodynamic modeling of processes that occur in complex systems of coupled microcavities, coupled with transmission line. At present, the study of filters that built on different microresonators hasn’t been carried out. Objective. The aim of the research is to construct the theory of electromagnetic wave scattering of the integral optical transmission lines on systems of coupled diversiform optical microresonators with whispering gallery modes, as well as development of mathematical models of filters constructed using various disk microresonators, and investigation of new structures of coupled microresonators with acceptable scattering characteristics. Methods. To construct a mathematical model of filters, an approximate solution of the Maxwell equations based on perturbation theory is used. The application of perturbation theory made it possible to find a solution to the problem of calculating the S-matrix of the filter in an analytical form. Results. An electrodynamic model for the scattering of optical transmission line waves by a system of coupled diversiform microresonators made of different dielectrics is developed. New structures of microresonators, realizing bandpass and bandstop filters, are investigated and their scattering characteristics are calculated. Conclusions. The theory of scattering of electromagnetic waves by systems of coupled diversiform optical microresonators is expanded. A new definition of the coupling coefficients of different microresonators is given. New filter models are constructed. Keywords: infrared range; integrated optics; optical filter; bandstop filter; bandpass filter; microresonator.

Rapid-Response Framework for Defensive Driving Based on Internet of Vehicles Using Message-Oriented Middleware

With the rapid development of automatic driving and advanced driver assistance systems, vehicle safety has improved greatly. These systems mainly use sensors installed on the vehicle and help drivers deal with human operation errors. Traffic accidents are inherently unpredictable, and it is difficult to prevent mistakes made by others. Therefore, the concept of defensive driving has attracted much interest. Defensive driving aims to increase drivers’ self-awareness to prevent accidents. Future self-driving vehicles should integrate defensive driving to improve driver safety. This paper proposes a framework based on the risk evaluation value of defensive driving that rapidly transmits information about high-accident-likelihood zones to drivers or vehicles by using Internet of Vehicles technology. This should enable drivers or self-driving vehicles to predict risks and operate vehicles safely. To send alert messages in a timely manner, it is essential to overcome the challenge of processing real-time data during driving. We design five kinds of services in this rapid response framework, including raw data receiver, warning area decision, accident pattern recognition, message generator, and user profile to analyze driver information using distributed system architecture. Message-oriented middleware is used for communication between services. This framework identifies high-accident-likelihood zones by using density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise, simplifying the process of association calculation. After the calculation, this framework uses the weighted severity index to weight and compare risk severities. According to our experimental results, the service-oriented middleware design increases the speed and stability of information transmission.

Fast quantum computation at arbitrarily low energy

One version of the energy-time uncertainty principle states that the minimum time $T_{\perp}$ for a quantum system to evolve from a given state to any orthogonal state is $h/(4 \Delta E)$ where $\Delta E$ is the energy uncertainty. A related bound called the Margolus-Levitin theorem states that $T_{\perp} \geq h/(2 E)$ where E is the expectation value of energy and the ground energy is taken to be zero. Many subsequent works have interpreted $T_{\perp}$ as defining a minimal time for an elementary computational operation and correspondingly a fundamental limit on clock speed determined by a system's energy. Here we present local time-independent Hamiltonians in which computational clock speed becomes arbitrarily large relative to E and $\Delta E$ as the number of computational steps goes to infinity. We argue that energy considerations alone are not sufficient to obtain an upper bound on computational speed, and that additional physical assumptions such as limits to information density and information transmission speed are necessary to obtain such a bound.

NANOMATERIALS AND OPTOELECTRONICS IN HIGH-SPEED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article considers issues concerning increase in capacity of fiber-optic systems used on railways. The main directions of increasing information transmission speed are reviewed and analyzed, particularly enhancement of high-speed response of optical modulators and photodetectors through improving functional environment of optoelectronic devices and reducing inertia of the material. For this purpose, new materials are proposed in the form of multilayer nanostructures, along with manufacturing techniques and methods of assessing their quality characteristics required for design of new optoelectronic devices, that will positively affect railway communication systems’ performance. Keywords: railways, communication channels, information network, isotope effect, bandwidth, nanostructure, fiber-optic system, optoelectronic devices.

Oscillatory phase modulates the timing of neuronal activations and resulting behavior

Human behavioral response timing is highly variable from trial to trial. While it is generally understood that behavioral variability must be due to trial-by-trial variations in brain function, it is still largely unknown which physiological mechanisms govern the timing of neural activity as it travels through networks of neuronal populations, and how variations in the timing of neural activity relate to variations in the timing of behavior. In our study, we submitted recordings from the cortical surface to novel analytic techniques to chart the trajectory of neuronal population activity across the human cortex in single trials, and found joint modulation of the timing of this activity and of consequent behavior by neuronal oscillations in the alpha band (8–12Hz). Specifically, we established that the onset of population activity tends to occur during the trough of oscillatory activity, and that deviations from this preferred relationship are related to changes in the timing of population activity and the speed of the resulting behavioral response. These results indicate that neuronal activity incurs variable delays as it propagates across neuronal populations, and that the duration of each delay is a function of the instantaneous phase of oscillatory activity. We conclude that the results presented in this paper are supportive of a general model for variability in the effective speed of information transmission in the human brain and for variability in the timing of human behavior.

A study on the multi-antenna geometrical depolarization channel modeling

The traditional geometrical depolarization model that single transmitter to single receiver provides a simple method of polarization channel modeling. It can obtain the geometrical depolarization effect of each path if known the antenna configuration, the polarization field radiation pattern and the spatial distribution of scatters. With the development of communication technology, information transmission spectrum is more and more scarce. The original model provides only a single channel polarization state, so the information will be limited that the polarization state carries in the polarization modulation. The research is so significance that how to carries polarization modulation information by using multi-antenna polarization state. However, the present study shows that have no depolarization effect model for multi-antenna systems. In this paper, we propose a multi-antenna geometrical depolarization model. On the basis of a single antenna to calculate the depolarization effect of the model, and through simulation to analysis the main factors that influence the depolarization effect. This article provides a multi-antenna geometrical depolarization channel modeling that can applied to large-scale array antenna, and to some extent increase the speed of information transmission.

Routing Algorithm of Concentric Excursions for ITS Communication

In the modern society, intelligent transportation builds on the basic of real-time wireless communication with vast information. Only by adding and upgrading the high-costed equipment to keep the speed of communication with the development of the transportation is far from enough (1) . Thus, to make full use of the present equipment to achieve higher speed of information transmission is a practical and challenging project. The Routing Algorithm of this paper is taking the Traffic Management Center as the center. Starting from the center and covering all the traffic management station, we can get the best path program under multi-limits with the help of the combination Algorithm of Shortest Path Algorithms and Concentric Excursions. A lot of constraints has been taken into consideration so as to make the result preciser. The result of multiple experiments has testified the feasibility and efficiency of the algorithm even under the great information content. �

Interface network groups

AbstractA network database consists of a collection of records connected to one another through links. Presence of database network increases transmission speed and accuracy of information, which are the most important factors for good regulatory functions. Therefore, the data bank for Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (NRRA) is proposed to be founded. Interface network group (ING) is the workers in the data bank. It is divided into three subgroups; scientific management (SMG), system analyst (SAG), and network management (NMG) subgroups. Their primary task is collect of data and information from different sectors in NRRA, and to transform these data to the organized database forms, which are available for all workers on the computer network. Meanwhile to face the very broad range of technical matters on which the regulatory related research activities, NRRA will need to rely on the ING. Accordingly, NRRA can address to the ING subsidiary tasks, which are not less important than their main duties, such as; scientific communications and demands, follow up plans and track problem solutions.

What Keeps the E-Banking Customer Loyal? A Multigroup Analysis of the Moderating Role of Consumer Characteristics on E-Loyalty in the Financial Service Industry.

At first sight the Internet is the ideal medium for carrying out banking activities due to its cost savings potential and speed of information transmission. From a technological and cost-driven standpoint it may seem quite logical for banks to shift as many banking activities online as possible. At the same time, the question of how to foster customer loyalty arises when the relationship between the bank and the user becomes a virtual one.This paper investigates the importance of antecedents of online loyalty such as trust, quality of the Web site, quality of the service and overall satisfaction. Rather than investigating which factors drive customers to use online banking instead of offline banking, this paper addresses the problem of how to keep customers online and loyal to a specific supplier.A survey among more than 2,000 customers of an Austrian online bank was conducted and a structural equation modeling approach was used to gain important insights into how customer retention in the online banking business can be ensured. Satisfaction and trust were identified as important antecedents of loyalty. Additionally, the moderating role of consumer characteristics (gender, age, involvement, perceived risk and technophobia) was supported by the data.

Research on Supply Chain Simulation System Based on Internet of Things

As one of the top ten core industries in China, Internet of things, has gradually changed our life, by influencing enterprise production, storage and transportation, express, supermarket shopping, etc. By using Internet of things technology in the supply chain, enterprise can optimize the structure and process of supply chain management system, improve the information transmission speed and things matching accuracy, and improve the operation mode of supply chain. The paper constructs a supply chain simulation system based on Internet of things. Firstly we analyze the process of the simulation system, and then introduce key techniques of simulation platform and main functions of the system. The work provides a basic platform for follow-up research of Internet of things, and a training system for students.

The world refuses to shrink: the speed and reliability of information transmission in North and Baltic Sea region, 1750-1825

A sample of merchant letters is used to measure the speed and reliability of information transmission at the end of the preindustrial era. Some previous informal studies suggested no improvements in information transmission in this period. The present study confirms this opinion. Considering technological capabilities, the communication between the major North and Baltic Sea region commercial centers was already relatively fast and remarkably regular in the 1750s and did not improve until the 1820s. The speed and reliability of transmission was limited on maritime postal routes, and by an inability to integrate the smaller trading centers into the national postal service network.