Translation Validation Research Articles

Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviour with Regard to Medication Errors in Intravenous Therapy: A Cross-Cultural Pilot Study.

Literature on the prevention of medication errors is growing, highlighting that knowledge, attitude and behavior with regard to medication errors are strategic to planning of educational activities and evaluating their impact on professional practice. In this context, the present pilot study aims to translate and validate nursing professionals' knowledge, attitudes and behavior (KAB theory) concerning medication administration errors in ICU from English into Persian. Furthermore, two main objectives of the project were: performing a pilot study among Iranian nurses using the translated questionnaire and carrying out a cultural measurement of the KAB theory concerning medication administration errors in an ICU questionnaire across two groups of Italian and Iranian populations. A cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument, according to the Checklist for reporting of survey studies (CROSS), was performed. The convenience sample was made up of 529 Iranian and Italian registered nurses working in ICU. An exploratory factor analysis was performed and reliability was assessed. A multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the measurement invariance. Ethical approval was obtained. There was an excellent internal consistency for the 19-item scale. Results regarding factorial invariance showed that the nursing population from Italy and Iran used the same cognitive framework to conceptualize the prevention of medication errors. Findings from this preliminary translation and cross-cultural validation confirm that the questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument within Persian healthcare settings. Moreover, these findings suggest that Italian and Persian nurses used an identical cognitive framework or mental model when thinking about medication errors prevention. The paper not only provides, for the first time, a validated instrument to evaluate the KAB theory in Iran, but it should promote other researchers in extending this kind of research, supporting those countries where attention to medical error is still increasing.

Translating and Adapting the DISCERN Instrument Into a Simplified Chinese Version and Validating Its Reliability: Development and Usability Study.

There is a wide variation in the quality of information available to patients on the treatment of the diseases afflicting them. To help patients find clear and accessible information, many scales have been designed to evaluate the quality of health information, including the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool; the Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults; and DISCERN, an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. These instruments are primarily in English. Few of them have been translated and adapted into simplified Chinese tools for health information assessment in China. This study aimed to translate and adapt DISCERN into the first simplified Chinese version and validate the psychometric properties of this newly developed scale for judging the quality of patient-oriented health information on treatment choices. First, we translated DISCERN into simplified Chinese using rigorous guidelines for translation and validation studies. We tested the translation equivalence and measured the content validity index. We then presented the simplified Chinese instrument to 3 health educators and asked them to use it to assess the quality of 15 lung cancer-related materials. We calculated the Cohen κ coefficient and Cronbach α for all items and for the entire scale to determine the reliability of the new tool. We decided on the simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument (C-DISCERN) after resolving all problems in translation, adaptation, and content validation. The C-DISCERN was valid and reliable: the content validity index was 0.98 (47/48, 98% of the items) for clarity and 0.94 (45/48, 94% of the items) for relevance, the Cronbach α for internal consistency was .93 (95% CI 0.699-1.428) for the whole translated scale, and the Cohen κ coefficient for internal consistency was 0.53 (95% CI 0.417-0.698). C-DISCERN is the first simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument. Its validity and reliability have been attested to assess the quality of patient-targeted information for treatment choices.

Validation of the Mandarin Chinese Translation of the "Meaning of Life" in Patients with Hearing Loss or Tinnitus.

There is an increasing need to evaluate the quality of life of individuals who are hearing impaired. However, most of the generic "quality of life" questionnaires do not include communication-related questions. Recently, a new "Meaning of Life" (MOL) questionnaire was developed to measure quality of life based on everyday issues, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of tinnitus patients and cochlear implant users. A Mandarin Chinese version of this questionnaire for the Mandarin-speaking population is needed. Many of the existing Mandarin Chinese questionnaires currently in use are not effectively assessing hearing-related conditions. We aimed to translate and validate the MOL questionnaire into Mandarin Chinese to make it applicable as a tool for measuring quality of life in patients with hearing loss or tinnitus. For this study, the original version of the MOL questionnaire was translated into the Mandarin Chinese language. A prospective cohort study was then performed on adults with hearing loss or tinnitus to preliminarily examine the reliability and validity of the Mandarin Chinese version. A total of 206 Mandarin-speaking subjects with hearing loss or tinnitus were included in the study and divided into three groups according to their chief complaints: group B included patients suffering from both hearing loss and tinnitus (N = 113), group T contained patients with tinnitus alone (N = 49), and group H was composed of patients with hearing loss alone (N = 44). The Mandarin version of the MOL (C-MOL) was administered to the participants. The reliability of the C-MOL was evaluated using Cronbach's α and item total correlation coefficients. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the relationships among the questions. Correlations between the patient characteristics and total scores were tested. The Cronbach's α coefficient of C-MOL was 0.921. Four factors were identified by exploratory factor analysis: (1) mental state and positive outlook; (2) friendship; (3) physical health; and (4) hearing and negative experience. The total scores of groups B, T, and H were 76.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 13.5), 81.3 (SD = 10.6), and 82.4 (SD = 12.5), respectively. The total score was correlated with the affected ears (r = 0.179, p < 0.05), age (r = 0.179, p < 0.05), hearing of the better ear (r = 0.188, p < 0.01), and educational background (r = 0.181, p < 0.01). The Mandarin Chinese version of the MOL questionnaire showed good reliability. It can be used to quantify the quality of life of patients with hearing loss or tinnitus.

Validity of the Italian adaptation of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-It).

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Italian translation of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). A sample of 275 adults, aged > 65 years, filled out the Italian version of the HHIE (HHIE-It) together with the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Seventy-one participants answered the questionnaire a second time after six weeks. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct and criterion validity were evaluated. Cronbach's alpha was 0.94 and suggested a high internal consistency. There was also a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between test and retest scores. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient between the two scores was high and significant. High and significant correlation coefficients were also found between the HHIE-It score and the pure tone average threshold of the better ear and between the HHIE-It and the subscales Role-emotional, Social Functioning and Vitality of the SF-36. These latter results indicate good construct and criterion validity, respectively. The HHIE-It maintained the reliability and validity of the English version suggesting its utility for both clinical and research purposes.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale in Hindi: Toward capturing palliative needs and concerns in Hindi speaking patients

Background: Culturally relevant patient-centered outcomes tools are needed to identify the needs of patients and to assess their palliative care concerns. Aim: To translate and culturally adapt the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) into Hindi. Design: The study applied a standardized methodology entailing six phases for translation and content validation: equivalence setting through a three-step process; forward translation; blind backward translation; expert review by a panel of the POS team; cognitive de-briefing with patients; and proof-reading of the final tool. All interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. Setting/participants: (1) Healthcare professionals including doctors, nurses, psychologists, counselors, and volunteers working in Indian palliative care settings with expertise in both English and Hindi languages; (2) Hindi speaking patients diagnosed with cancer who were receiving palliative care in community settings. Caregivers, palliative care experts, and language translators contributed to the translation procedure. Results: Phrases like nausea, poor appetite, drowsiness, and depression were difficult to translate into Hindi. Response categories “occasional” and “sometimes” were overlapping. All items, instructions and response categories were simple to understand. A visual thermometer is a unique feature of Hindi IPOS to facilitate responses from less educated patients. Conclusion: Hindi IPOS has face and content validity for use in clinical practice and research. The Hindi IPOS has implications beyond Indian palliative care settings. Millions of Hindi speakers can now respond to IPOS, and have a tool for communicating their palliative care needs in their mother tongue to inform patient-centered care.

The validity and reliability of the Arabic translation of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire

Objective/backgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in childhood. Polysomnography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA. However, it is expensive and time-consuming, and it may be unavailable. The self-administered Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is a reliable and validated screening test featuring high sensitivity (0.85) and specificity (0.87). It has been translated into multiple languages and is widely used to screen for OSA in children. This study translated the PSQ into Saudi Arabian Arabic and validated it. Patients/methodsThe Arabic-PSQ was translated using forward-backward translation, following established guidelines. A review committee monitored the process and approved the final version. The reliability of the scale was measured using Cronbach's alpha and kappa statistics. The validity of the Arabic-PSQ was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ResultsOur study recruited 220 Saudi children with potential adenoid hypertrophy from King Abdulaziz University hospital clinics. The Arabic-PSQ had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.946). Additionally, all subscales had excellent reliability, with Cronbach's α of 0.924 for snoring, 0.762 for sleepiness, and 0.820 for behavior. Test-retest reliability showed excellent agreement of >80% in all items (p < 0.0001). CFA for the Arabic-PSQ confirmed a significant correlation between the items of each subscale. ConclusionsThe Arabic-PSQ is reliable, validated, and culturally adapted. It can be safely used to screen for OSA in children. However, given this study's limitations, the diagnostic efficacy of the Arabic-PSQ should be assessed in future studies.

Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of general sleep disturbance scale (GSDS-T) in stroke.

Stroke is a life-threatening condition with many complications. Sleep disturbances is one of them. Sleep disturbances effect quality of life, recovery and rehabilitation process. It is crucial to reveal sleep disturbances objectively in stroke patients. The aim of the study is to determine reliability and validity of the Turkish version of General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS-T) in stroke patients. After translation and culture validation of the scale was done, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Turkish version of the GSDS was applied at admission and at 24h to the 58 patients with stroke. Cronbach alpha coefficient of total score was found as 0.850 and test re-test reliability-related Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.785. GSDS-T is a reliable and valid tool to assess sleep disturbance in stroke patients.

Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (Parent Form): Psychometric Properties and Validation in a Population of Greek Parents of Young Children (3–6) with and Without Disabilities

Through this study, we aim to evaluate the psychometric properties, such as factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the Greek translation of the parent report version of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ). Four hundred sixty-six parents were enrolled in the study. Firstly, we extracted four factors with the use of EFA (Principal Components Analysis) in a subsample comprised of n = 294 participants. Afterward, we evaluated the internal four-factor structure (Involvement – Positive Parenting – Inconsistent Discipline – Corporal Punishment), though CFA in the entire sample. All goodness of fit indices generated by CFA were found satisfactory (χ2/df = 1.54 &lt; 2 and p = .213, TLI = 0.976 ≥ 0.95, RMSEA = .027 &lt; 0.08, CFI = 0.95 ≥ 0.90 and SRMR = 0.015 &lt; 0.08). No floor-ceiling effects were observed. Assessment of measurement invariance provided us with strong evidence that the proposed structure is both meaningful and valid in families with a child with a disability, as well. Consequently, the APQ-GR (3–6) is an easily applied and comprehended research tool that allows its use in studies on parental characteristics and practices in both families with and without a child with disabilities rearing.

Validation of the Turkish translation of the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score.

Long-term bowel dysfunction after resection for rectal cancer, known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), is observed in many patients. The LARS score was developed to assess this syndrome and its impact on the quality of life in Danish patients.Recently versions in English and many other languages have been validated. The aim of this study was to validate the Turkish translation of the LARS score in patients who have undergone treatment for rectal cancer. Rectal cancer patients who underwent low anterior resection in May 2000- May 2018 in three Turkish centers received the LARS score questionnaire, theEuropean Organisation for Research and Treatment Of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire [Ed.11] (EORTC QLQ-C30), and a single ad hoc quality of life question. The test-retest reliability of the LARS score was evaluated by asking a randomly selected subgroup of patients to repeat the assessment of the LARS score 2 to 4weeks after their initial response. A total of 326 patients were reviewed and contacted for the study,and 222 (68%) were eligible for the analyses (129 males, 93 females, median age 64years [range:24-87years, IQR = 14]) There was a strong association betweentheLARS score and quality of life (p < 0.01) and the test-retest reliability was high. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.78 (95% CI 0.73-0.83) for the whole study group and 0.79 (95% CI 0.68-0.87) for the subgroup, indicating strong reliability. The Turkish translation of the LARS score has psychometric properties comparable with previously published results in similar studies. The Turkish version of the LARS score can be considered a valid and reliable tool for measuring LARS in Turkish rectal cancer patients. NCT05289531.

Validity, reliability and responsiveness of the French translation of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation Questionnaire (PRWE)

IntroductionThe patient-rated wrist evaluation questionnaire (PRWE) is a specific wrist questionnaire, developed in Canada that has been validated and proved reliable and sensitive. It assesses pain and function. Unfortunately, there was no validated French-language version. It is important that a translation should be methodologically rigorous, as both linguistic and cultural factors come into play. ObjectiveTo produce a French-language version of the PRWE, culturally adapted to the French-speaking populations of Europe and North America. Materials and methodsA validated protocol was used to produce a French-language version of the PRWE (PRWE-Fr) that would be culturally acceptable for the French-speaking populations of Europe and North America. Reliability and responsiveness analyses were performed and PRWE-Fr scores were compared to F-QuickDASH-D/S (French translation of short-form Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand-Disability/Symptoms) scores to assess validity. ResultsA French-language version of the PRWE (PRWE-Fr) was accepted by a multinational committee, then validated in 65 French-speaking subjects, divided into 2 groups for analyses. A strong positive correlation was found between PRWE-Fr and F-QuickDASH-D/S scores. Comparison of results between two PRWE-Fr sessions at a 1-week interval found a very strong correlation (ρ=0.93; r2=0.868; p<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient for total PRWE-Fr score demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC: 0.93; 95% CI: [0.859; 0.969]; p<0.001). Responsiveness analysis revealed greater sensitivity to change than for the F-QuickDASH-D/S (standardized response mean [SRM], 1.14 versus 1.04 respectively). DiscussionA French-language version of the PRWE was produced and validated for use in French-speaking populations. It should facilitate evaluation of results in French-speaking settings, collaboration in multinational studies and comparison between studies performed in different countries. Level of evidenceII; Multicenter cohort study.

Translation, adaptation, and clinical validation of the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool in Spanish (Colombia).

Premature ejaculation is the most prevalent form of sexual dysfunction in men. The Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is an instrument used to evaluate premature ejaculation. It offers adequate psychometric properties and good reliability. To adapt and validate a Colombian version of the PEDT in Colombian clinical and nonclinical samples. Two samples were used in this study. The first was made up of 1110 men who were recruited to evaluate validity and reliability. Their ages ranged from 19 to 65years (mean ± SD,39.71 ± 12.53). The second sample included 123 men (66.7%) who did not meet diagnostic criteria for premature ejaculation per the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), while 33.3% met ICD-10 criteria for this dysfunction. Their ages ranged from 18 to 65years (34.19 ± 12.65). Scores were used to calculate the cutoff. A translated and adapted version of the PEDT was developed specifically for Colombia. All participants completed the Colombian version of the PEDT, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Colombian version of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire, and a semistructured interview based on the ICD-10. The results showed adequate psychometric properties and satisfactory internal consistency and confirmed the 1-dimensional factorization of the scale. According to ICD-10 criteria, the study also confirmed significant differences between participants who self-reported premature ejaculation and those who did not. In addition, it showed adequate evidence of convergent validity, with a moderate correlation with sexual functioning scores. As a result, the cutoff point was set to 10.5, with an area under the curve of 96.8%. Therefore, a score ≥11 points suggested the presence of premature ejaculation. The current Colombian version of the PEDT is a useful instrument that determines the presence of premature ejaculation that is compatible with ICD-10 criteria. The Colombian version of the PEDT presents evidence of reliability and validity, a confirmed 1-dimensional factorization, and a cutoff point for Hispanic populations. More in-depth evaluation of the diagnosis of premature ejaculation is required, and further research among other Spanish-speaking countries and sexual minorities is recommended. The Colombian version of the PEDT is a psychometric adequacy tool for evaluating and diagnosing premature ejaculation, following the ICD-10 criteria.

An Algebra of Alignment for Relational Verification

Relational verification encompasses information flow security, regression verification, translation validation for compilers, and more. Effective alignment of the programs and computations to be related facilitates use of simpler relational invariants and relational procedure specs, which in turn enables automation and modular reasoning. Alignment has been explored in terms of trace pairs, deductive rules of relational Hoare logics (RHL), and several forms of product automata. This article shows how a simple extension of Kleene Algebra with Tests (KAT), called BiKAT, subsumes prior formulations, including alignment witnesses for forall-exists properties, which brings to light new RHL-style rules for such properties. Alignments can be discovered algorithmically or devised manually but, in either case, their adequacy with respect to the original programs must be proved; an explicit algebra enables constructive proof by equational reasoning. Furthermore our approach inherits algorithmic benefits from existing KAT-based techniques and tools, which are applicable to a range of semantic models.

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability of Persian-Revised Heart Failure Compliance Questionnaire.

Compliance with health-related behaviors is a dilemma among heart failure (HF) patients. The present study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a Persian translation of the revised heart failure compliance questionnaire (RHFCQ) in Iranian HF sufferers. This methodological study was performed on outpatient HF individuals referred to a heart clinic in Isfahan, Iran. The forward-backward translation method was used for translation. Twenty subjects were invited to express their opinions on the provided items concerning simplicity and understandability. Twelve experts were invited to rate the items regarding the content validity index (CVI). Cronbach's α was used to evaluate internal consistency. The patients were asked to complete the questionnaire for the second time after 2 weeks to investigate test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). There were no obvious difficulties during the translation and assessment of the simplicity and comprehensiveness of the questionnaire items. The CVI of the items ranged from 0.833 to 1.000. Totally, 150 patients (age: 64.60±15.00 y, males: 58.0%) filled in the questionnaire twice with no missing data. The highest and lowest compliance rates were attributed to alcohol and exercise domains, respectively (83.00±7.70% and 45.55±12.00%, respectively). Cronbach's α was 0.629. After the omission of 3 items related to smoking and alcohol cessation, Cronbach's α rose to 0.655. The ICC showed an acceptable value of 0.576 (95% CI, 0.462 to 0.673). The modified Persian RHFCQ is a simple and meaningful tool with acceptable moderate reliability and good validity for assessing compliance in Iranian HF patients.

Investigating sight translation as a predictor of interpreting performance

ABSTRACT Sight translation has been widely used in aptitude testing to screen prospective trainee interpreters at leading interpreter training schools, including ESIT, ISIT, and EMCI. However, it has also been criticised for its lack of validity and reliability. No empirical study has thus far been conducted to explore its power to predict interpreting performance. To fill this gap, the present study adopts a data-driven approach to explore the predictive validity of sight translation for interpreting performance in both consecutive and simultaneous modes. A total of 33 graduate trainee interpreters (A language: Chinese; B language: English) enrolled in an interpreting programme of a leading Chinese university were tracked over the course of one and a half academic years. Two raters (A language: Chinese; B language: English) were asked to assess their performance based on the criteria of fidelity, language, and delivery. Statistical analyses suggest that, irrespective of language direction, the participants’ performance in sight translation was not predictive of their performance in either consecutive or simultaneous interpreting. This study provides much-needed empirical evidence for the development, administration, and assessment of aptitude testing for interpreting and interpreter training at large.

Translation, adaptation, and cross-cultural validation into Brazilian portuguese of the hearing protection assessment questionnaire (HPA)

The aim of the present study is to translate, adapt, and cross-culturally validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA). The original instrument, developed in English, seeks to assess barriers and supports related to the use of hearing protection devices (HPD), as well as workers' knowledge, habits and attitudes towards occupational noise. The translation, adaptation, and cross-cultural validation of the questionnaire consisted of five steps: Translation of the questionnaire from English to Portuguese; 2) Reverse translation from Portuguese to English; 3) Analysis of the instrument by three experts in the field; 4) Pre-test of the questionnaire with ten workers; 5) Application of the instrument to 509 workers in a meatpacking industry after the pre-employment medical exam. The results indicate the construction and content validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version for use with a working population and its internal consistency. This study resulted in the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA), in order to be used to assess the use of individual hearing protection in the occupational field, called Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA).

TRANSLATION AND PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION OF CYBERCHONDRIA SEVERITY SCALE (CSS) IN CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN.: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Ponte Academic JournalMar 2023, Volume 79, Issue 3 TRANSLATION AND PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION OF CYBERCHONDRIA SEVERITY SCALE (CSS) IN CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN.: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSISAuthor(s): Nazia Mustafa ,Shoaib KianiJ. Ponte - Mar 2023 - Volume 79 - Issue 3 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2023.3.2 Abstract:Objectives: The present study carried out with the objective of translation and cross-language validation along with determination of factor Structure and psychometric properties of Urdu version of Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) in context of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Study was carried out in Pakistan through Google form September to November 2021. Methodology: The study was carried-out in two phases; during pilot phase, scale was translated by using the standard translation method and was cross-linguistically validate by administering both (Urdu and English version) on the sample of 28 adults with the gap of 15days. In the main phase, it was administered on 377 adults with age range of 17to68years old (33.42± 9.6); including males(n=144) and females (n=233) through Google Form. Results: Results revealed that this scale had good internal consistency and reliability (Urdu-Version α = 0.899; English-Version α = 0.891) along with the correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability over a period of 15 days (r = 0.98. Cronbach’s alpha value of scale was found to be fairly high for main scale and subscales (r=0.90, r=0.77, r=0.78, r=0.76,0.81) respectively. Item-total correlation of translated scale was also satisfactory (ranged from 0.56-0.82). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was also performed and Fit indices based on CFA results were all excellent or within acceptable ranges. Conclusion: The Urdu version of CSS has adequate psychometric properties of validity and reliability and can be used to assess Cyberchondria Pakistani population. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

The Translation Process, Validity and Reliability Study in Occupational Health Psychology amongst Healthcare Professionals by MultitraitMultimethod Matrix: A Multimethod Study

Introduction: Questionnaires are designed to measure specific constructs. Occupational Health Psychology (OHP) includes various domains/areas like work place well-being, work related stress, flourishing, resilient coping, coping mechanisms, compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. At times, specific questionnaire may not be available and if available, may not be in the language intended to be used by the respondents. A new questionnaire needs to be developed or translation of an available questionnaire into the respondents’ language is required in such case. Aim: To detail out the translation process of the study tools (questionnaires/scales) and to assess the validity and reliability of these study tools used in OHP. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional, Quasiexperimental study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, Pramukhswami Medical college, Anand District, Gujarat, India, from February 2021 to January 2023 using multimethod study design amongst the healthcare professionals. For translation, standard World Health Organisation (WHO) translation guide was followed. Nine scales/questionnaires along with a socio-demographic and a qualitative proforma were finalised to achieve the objectives. The questionnaires availability in public domain was taken into consideration while selecting the questionnaires. Reliability analysis and validity assessment was done. Reliability measure was checked for internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s alpha. Construct validity was assessed by Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix. Translation was done in Hindi and Gujarati languages. Results: Flourishing scale (FS), Brief resilient coping scale, compassion satisfaction and work satisfaction were positively correlated and all these were negatively correlated with all the stress measures, Depression, anxiety measures of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Burn out and secondary traumatic stress. Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency measure was calculated for different sub domains of the nine questionnaires. Construct validity was analysed by calculating correlation coefficients between different identified constructs/ sub constructs. Variables measuring similar construct were found to be positively correlated and significant. Conclusion: Variables/questionnaires measuring a similar construct were found to be positively correlated and significant, whie opposite constructs were negatively correlated. The questionnaires need to be translated in the language in which the participants can understand. The better linguistic comprehension will increase the internal validity of the study.

Translation and linguistic validation of Recovering Quality of Life Scale in Indian languages: A review of the process and challenges

Quality of life (QOL) is affected by various factors including mental health. This is now commonly used in clinical assessments and as an outcome measure in research. However, there is a dearth of QOL scales in local languages in India for specific use in mental health settings. It was intended to review the translation process of the recovering QOL (ReQoL) scale in major Indian languages, the linguistic and cultural challenges in the translation process and to reflect on the findings on clinical usability of the scale. A review of the data and literature available on the translation of ReQoL was conducted. The relevant literature was searched using electronic databases such as Medline, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The brief 10-item ReQoL has been translated into various Indian languages: Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, and Telugu. The translation process has followed a structured method supported by clinicians, patients, and language experts. Specific focus was given to education level such that patients with primary or no formal education could comprehend the wordings. Cultural nuances and variations of expression were also looked into. There were a few words that needed extensive discussion and revision. The involvement of the patients and the incorporation of their feedback have improved the acceptability of the language versions. While there is a need for further clinical validation studies, the Indian language versions of the ReQoL scale appear suitable for clinical psychiatric practices and research.

Translation, validity, and reliability of an Arabic version of the dietary questionnaire on nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice among Arab young adults.

Assessing knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice among a given population us-ing a validated and reliable questionnaire is crucial. The aim of this study was to translate, validate, and test the reliability of the knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice in the Arabic population. Methods and Study De-sign: A previously published knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice nutrition questionnaire was translated and validated into Arabic. A panel of translation and nutrition experts from Arab countries participated in translation and testing validity. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit participants across 22 Arab countries. An online self-administered questionnaire was completed twice with an interval of 2 weeks. Tests of validity (face and content) and reliability (consistency and test-retest reliability) were used. A total of 96 participants had a mean age of 21.5 years, 68.7% were female, and 80.2% were students. The mean expert proportional content validity index scale was 0.95, and intra class correlation values ranged from 0.59 to 0.76; all of these values were highly statistically significant at retest. The Arabic version of the questionnaire provided valid and reliable results for assessing knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice among Arab adolescents and young adults. This tool could assess nutritional education programs in a community setting and educational institutions targeting this population in Arab countries.

Tradução, adaptação e validação transcultural para o português brasileiro do questionário de Avaliação da Proteção Auditiva (APA)

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of the present study is to translate, adapt, and cross-culturally validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA). Methods The original instrument, developed in English, seeks to assess barriers and supports related to the use of hearing protection devices (HPD), as well as workers' knowledge, habits and attitudes towards occupational noise. The translation, adaptation, and cross-cultural validation of the questionnaire consisted of five steps: Translation of the questionnaire from English to Portuguese; 2) Reverse translation from Portuguese to English; 3) Analysis of the instrument by three experts in the field; 4) Pre-test of the questionnaire with ten workers; 5) Application of the instrument to 509 workers in a meatpacking industry after the pre-employment medical exam. Results The results indicate the construction and content validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version for use with a working population and its internal consistency. Conclusion This study resulted in the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA), in order to be used to assess the use of individual hearing protection in the occupational field, called Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA).