Development Of Translational Medicine Research Articles

Standardization studies of acupuncture prescriptions: a new approach to translational medicine in acupuncture.

This paper explores the relationship between the standardization studies of acupuncture prescriptions and translational medicine, elucidating the translational medical concepts in the standardization of acupuncture prescriptions. It emphasizes that the standardization of acupuncture prescriptions is a pivotal link in the transformation of foundational acupuncture research. Considering the current clinical status of acupuncture prescriptions, the paper proposes the elements for standardizing prescriptions to promote the translation of foundational acupuncture research into clinical practice. These elements encompass prescription structure, precise acupoint number, orderly techniques of acupuncture, quantification of procedures, and clarity in efficacy. The goal is to provide a new perspective for the development of translational medicine in acupuncture.

Advances in Cell Therapy for Liver Regeneration

With the development of translational medicine, cell therapy has been applied in clinical practice, especially in the regenerative treatment of severe liver diseases. This article introduces the origin, development, and prospects of cell therapy from the aspects of liver disease treatment, history, current status, and clinical application feasibility of cell therapy. The article also points out the existing problems in the translational medical research of cell therapy. To achieve a favorable development in cell therapy, more fundamental and clinical are warranted.

Behavioral Pharmacology as the Main Approach to Study the Efficiency of Potential Psychotropic Drugs: Analysis of Modern Methods (Review)

Introduction. Behavioral methods on laboratory animals are recognized as the main approach in studying the activity of potential psychotropic drugs and allow us to evaluate the main effects of new compounds, increase the possibility of predicting a successful outcome of future clinical trials.Text. This review article analyzes the main modern behavioral models in rodents that are widely used for screening and studying the pharmacological activity of potential psychotropic drugs. The advantages and disadvantages of each test are highlighted and complexes of behavioral methods are demonstrated that most conclusively confirm the reproducibility of the results obtained in clinical trials. The description and evaluation of behavioral methods that characterize the state of anxiety, which are used to screen for new compounds with anxiolytic activity (tests «Open field», «Dark-light chamber», «Elevated plus maze», «Sequence of rays»). The range of tests used to study cognitive functions and memory processes is widely presented (various mazes – T-shaped, U-shaped, radial maze, Barnes maze, E-maze; water mazes – Morris, T-maze) with a description of a comparative analysis and necessary conditions that ensure the reliability of information. An important direction in the field of behavioral pharmacology is the modeling of violations of social behavior and the study of approaches for its correction – the main methods necessary for the study of social behavior are presented in the review by the tests «Three-chamber social test», «Open field» extended test, etc.Conclusion. Behavioral pharmacology dictates the need for close interaction between preclinical and clinical stages of research in the framework of the development of translational medicine and the development of approaches that provide evidence for the reproducibility of the results obtained in clinical trials. It is also necessary to improve existing and develop new behavioral models of mental disorders and to search for new ways to study the mechanisms of formation of behavioral disorders.

Translational medicine research on literature theory of acupuncture and moxibustion

The development of translational medicine is on the rise, and its advocated relationship between preclinical research and clinical application and two-way translational research mode inspire and promote us to think about solving the corresponding problems faced by acupuncture and moxibustion medicine. The theoretical research of basic research should be closely connected with the practice and application due to the characteristics of the subject, but seems to be seriously disjointed at pre-sent. Therefore, four aspects as "the relationship between acupuncture theory and clinical practice" "correctly interpreting the connotation of traditional theory of acupuncture and moxibustion" "distinguishing which is based on the practice and which is the influence of cultural concepts" and "distinguishing what are the ancient medical discoveries and inventions and what are the theoretical explanations of such discoveries and inventions" should be grasped. In addition, the importance of concept consciousness and two research levels (uncovering unrecognized or buried medical discoveries and techniques and expounding valuable medical ideas) in the transformation research should be emphasized, and the evaluation mechanism for the transformation of research achievements should be established.

The path of translational medicine for neuroimmunological anti-inflammation and its enlightenment to acupuncture

Neuroimmunological anti-inflammation is one of the most successful areas of translational medicine in the past 50 years, leading directly to the success of anti-TNF biologics and vagal nerve stimulation therapy for anti-inflammation. The latter has many similarities with traditional acupuncture therapy and further research may reveal more intertwining and enlightenment to acupuncture. This paper briefly reviews the discovery and translational process of Cachectin/TNF, anti-TNF therapy, neural inflammatory reflex arc, vagus nerve stimulation therapy, and Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Condition (SPARC) project, and also summarizes the experience and lessons learned from the path of translational medicine in this field. The two key steps in the translational process are discussed in details. The purpose is to provide reference for the development of translational medicine in acupuncture. "Minimal injury with significant healing" should be considered as the principal hypothesis to further study the biological mechanism of acupuncture and it may result in more clinical translation in the future.

Machine learning for the micropeptide encoded by LINC02381 regulates ferroptosis through the glucose transporter SLC2A10 in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary intracranial tumor in the central nervous system, and resistance to temozolomide is an important reason for the failure of GBM treatment. We screened out that Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 10 (SLC2A10) is significantly highly expressed in GBM with a poor prognosis, which is also enriched in the NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) signalling pathway. The NRF2 signalling pathway is an important defence mechanism against ferroptosis. SLC2A10 related LINC02381 is highly expressed in GBM, which is localized in the cytoplasm/exosomes, and LINC02381 encoded micropeptides are localized in the exosomes. The micropeptide encoded by LINC02381 may be a potential treatment strategy for GBM, but the underlying mechanism of its function is not precise yet. We put forward the hypothesis: “The micropeptide encoded by LINC02381 regulates ferroptosis through the glucose transporter SLC2A10 in GBM.” This study innovatively used machine learning for micropeptide to provide personalized diagnosis and treatment plans for precise treatment of GBM, thereby promoting the development of translational medicine. The study aimed to help find new disease diagnoses and prognostic biomarkers and provide a new strategy for experimental scientists to design the downstream validation experiments.

Endoluminal larynx anatomy model - towards facilitating deep learning and defining standards for medical images evaluation with artificial intelligence algorithms.

The pioneering nature of this work covers the answers to two questions: (1) Is an up-to-date anatomical model of the larynx needed for modern endoscopic diagnostics, and (2) can such a digital segmentation model be utilized for deep learning purposes. The idea presented in this article has never been proposed before, and this is a breakthrough in numerical approaches to aerodigestive videoendoscopy imaging. The approach described in this article assumes defining a process for data acquisition, integration, and segmentation (labeling), for the needs of a new branch of knowledge: digital medicine and digital diagnosis support expert systems. The first and crucial step of such a process is creating a digital model of the larynx, which has to be then validated utilizing multiple clinical, as well as technical metrics. The model will form the basis for further artificial intelligence (AI) requirements, and it may also contribute to the development of translational medicine.

Translational medicine: ways of development in modern conditions, problems and prospects

Summary. Introduction The article is devoted to the achievements and prospects of the development of translational medicine at the international level, the state of development, problems and prospects in Ukraine, proposals for improving the system of innovations in health care in modern conditions of martial law. The purpose is to study the development of translational medicine and the prospects for implementing its principles in Ukraine. Materials and methods. To perform the task, an analytical review of publications in the electronic databases of medical and biological publications PubMed Medline of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted. The results. The result of a systematic literature review of the state of translational medicine in Ukraine, which was carried out, is the conviction that the need to create new services and programs that ensure close cooperation between state, commercial and non-commercial organizations of our country, greater accessibility and transparency of new data for all is ripe. Researchers working in the field of broadcasts of inventions. The creation and development of databases with various information on a large number of patients opens wide opportunities for improving the quality of preclinical and clinical trials, and at the same time requires increasing their availability for researchers around the world. It is necessary to increase the use of the potential of social media and/or messengers for the introduction of modern achievements of translational medicine into the clinical practice of our country, the medical community should receive educational programs, recommendations and support infrastructure in social networks. Conclusions. In order to form an effective scientific and educational environment, it is necessary to create a national Institute of Pharmacy and Translational Medicine. It is necessary to create and implement in the educational pharmaceutical space of Ukraine an innovative educational program aimed at training specialists and research personnel of the new generation to work in various branches of the biopharmaceutical industry. It is expedient to create biological models of the use of drugs that allow testing of dose-response effects and to build pharmacokinetic models for specific environmental conditions, which will increase the predictive power of test results during its transition to the stage of clinical trials.

Bioethical Aspects of Translational Medicine

The development of modern medicine is associated with the dynamic translation (transfer) of basic medicine data to clinical research and further on to clinical practice. It is pointed out that research and development in the sphere of genetics and biotechnology, which are of particular significance during the COVID-19 pandemic, are of paramount importance in this regard. The concept of “translational distance” is analyzed as a measure of uncertainty, namely, the number and the size of logical leaps in course of transition from animal model trials to the first stages of human subject research. Translational research ethics has become a revolutionary, diverse, and distinct field of biomedical ethics. When studying the issue, special consideration is given to the critical blocks in translation as well as the characteristic features, types, and phases of translational research. It is emphasized that addressing the issue of minimizing irreducible uncertainty so that research participants could participate in research is a key component of ethical research. In view of the fact that the most important condition for the successful implementation of translational medicine is the adherence to the principles of bioethics when overcoming translational distances is analyzed taking into account the benefit-risk balance. As the development of translational medicine is significantly influenced by the legislation and the practice of its application, the national peculiarities of the attitude of different countries to the issues of ethics and the resolution thereof are studied, including the differences between the continental and the Anglo-Saxon legal families. Along with the formation of a general approach to the choice of a regulatory model in the sphere under consideration, the acceleration of circulation of the information related to science, research and technology, as well as the rapid obsolescence of innovations, should not be overlooked. At the same time, one should pay attention to the existing biological and other risks.

Bioactive Inks Development for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering: A Mini-Review.

Nowadays, a prevalent joint disease affecting both cartilage and subchondral bone is osteoarthritis. Osteochondral tissue, a complex tissue unit, exhibited limited self-renewal potential. Furthermore, its gradient properties, including mechanical property, bio-compositions, and cellular behaviors, present a challenge in repairing and regenerating damaged osteochondral tissues. Here, tissue engineering and translational medicine development using bioprinting technology provided a promising strategy for osteochondral tissue repair. In this regard, personalized stratified scaffolds, which play an influential role in osteochondral regeneration, can provide potential treatment options in early-stage osteoarthritis to delay or avoid the use of joint replacements. Accordingly, bioactive scaffolds with possible integration with surrounding tissue and controlling inflammatory responses have promising future tissue engineering perspectives. This minireview focuses on introducing biologically active inks for bioprinting the hierarchical scaffolds, containing growth factors and bioactive materials for 3D printing of regenerative osteochondral substitutes.

Preclinical models of myocardial infarction: from mechanism to translation.

Approximately 7 million people are affected by acute myocardial infarction (MI) each year, and despite significant therapeutic and diagnostic advancements, MI remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Preclinical animal models have significantly advanced our understanding of MI and have enabled the development of therapeutic strategies to combat this debilitating disease. Notably, some drugs currently used to treat MI and heart failure (HF) in patients had initially been studied in preclinical animal models. Despite this, preclinical models are limited in their ability to fully reproduce the complexity of MI in humans. The preclinical model must be carefully selected to maximise the translational potential of experimental findings. This review describes current experimental models of MI and considers how they have been used to understand drug mechanisms of action and support translational medicine development. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular disease research (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.5/issuetoc.

Artificial Intelligence for Screening Chinese Electronic Medical Record and Biobank Information.

Objective: To establish a structured and integrated platform of clinical data and biobank data, and a client to retrieve these data. Study Design: Initially, the hospital information system (HIS) and biobank information system (BIS) were integrated through the patients' ID numbers. Then, natural language processing (NLP) was used to process the integrated unstructured clinical information. A query interface was designed for this system, which enabled researchers to retrieve clinical or biobank data. Finally, several queries were listed and manually checked to test the retrieval performance of the system. Results: The construction of the biobank screening system (BSS) was completed, and the data were structured. The BSS took an average of 2 seconds to perform a search for target patients/samples. The retrieval results were consistent with the HIS and BIS. For complex queries, we manually checked the retrieved patients/samples, and the system's accuracy was 100%. Conclusion: This NLP-based system improved biological sample screening and using of clinical data. We will continue to improve this system, enhance resource sharing, and promote the development of translational medicine.

Models of Autism and Methods for Assessing Autistic-Like Behavior in Animals

Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), including autism, constitute a wide range of states and are associated with deficit to social communications, limited interests, and stereotypical behavior. The development of translational medicine and personalized approaches to the treatment of ASD combine the efforts of clinicians and basic scientists and push the direction of studies towards the molecular and genetic mechanisms of developmental disorders and the search for new marker molecules for targeted correction of these states, which are impossible without use of models of ASD in animals, especially rodents. This review describes the key genetic and pharmacological models of ASD in rodents which are actively utilized in experimental studies, along with the most important behavioral tests for assessing deficits in social behavior, stereotypy, and autism-like states in experimental animals.

The 12th AFMC International Medicinal Chemistry Symposium (AIMECS 2019) in Istanbul, Turkey.

AFMC-AIMECS meetings are internationally organized biannually by the Asian Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (AFMC) and are focused on recent studies in drug discovery and development both in academia and industry. Member organizations of the AFMC are the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea, the Korean Chemical Society, the Chemical Society Located in Taipei, the Indonesian Society of Medicinal Chemistry, the Medicinal Chemistry Section of the Israel Chemical Society, and the Computer-Aided Drug Design & Development Society in Turkey. Each time, the symposium is organized within these member countries. The AIMECS 2019 symposium was held in Turkey this year, as Prof. Dr. Esin Aki-Yalcin is the current president of the AFMC (2018-2020); the next AIMECS meeting will be organized in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. In this report, we discuss key topics at the 12th AFMC International Medicinal Chemistry Symposium - New Avenues for Design and Development of Translational Medicine (AIMECS 2019) held in Istanbul, September 8-11, 2019.

우유 생리활성 물질의 임상적 적용

Milk contains essential nutrients and functional compounds, such as calcium, fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K, carotenoids, bioactive peptides, and sphingolipids. The bioactive molecules from milk are not expensive and have an added advantage of being derived from food. Therefore, they are more stable and have a broader spectrum than that of other chemicals. Bioactive milk components are useful for treating non-digestive tract disorders, such as cancer, cognitive decline, and hypertension. However, the clinical application of certain breast milk ingredients is limited due to the lack of a large-scale production technology. Once the scaled-up production of lactoferrin became possible, clinical applications were devised and evaluated. Similarly, human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) can be produced on a large scale as a recombinant protein in microorganisms or in transgenic cattle using suitable separation systems. HAMLET can be used to treat human skin papilloma and cancer. Studies on breast milk that explored the clinical applications of the bioactive components of breast milk have spurred the development of translational medicine and breast milk-derived therapeutics. Some breastmilk derived therapeutic agents are already available to clinicians. Many components of breast milk have shown efficacy in pre-clinical studies and have valid clinical evaluations.

Steadily improving the precise management level of syncope in children

Syncope is one of the most common emergencies in the pediatric population.Autonomic-mediated reflex syncope, including postural tachycardia syndrome and vasovagal syncope, is the main cause.Although the clinical manifestations are similar, each subtype has its optimal treatment option.With the development of translational medicine in recent years, as well as the emergence of biomarkers, precision medicine has become possible, and will be the main direction in the future researches. Key words: Syncope; Autonomic-mediated reflex syncope; Biomarker; Precise medicine

New book Gastric Cancer first launched on the 10(th) CGCC.

The 10 th Chinese Gastric Cancer Congress (CGCC) and the 3 rd Sunlight Great Wall Cancer Academic Conference, hosted by Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Beijing Cancer Hospital, was held in Beijing International Conference Center on June 27-28 th , 2015. The congress has continued the theme of “Standardization, Fusion, Innovation”, aimed to facilitate Chinese standardization of diagnosis and treatment in gastric cancer, multidisciplinary collaboration and development of translational medicine, and also prepare for the International Gastric Cancer Congress which would be held in Beijing in 2017. The book Gastric Cancer chief-edited by Prof. Jiafu Ji, President of the IGCC 2017 from Beijing Cancer Hospital, was also launched on this congress.

Extracellular vesicle microRNAs: biomarker discovery in various diseases based on RT-qPCR.

In recent years, biomarker discovery based on extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs), especially exosome miRNAs, has drawn wide attention. While exosome isolation and identification technologies are increasingly sophisticated, the preanalytical process of exosome miRNAs seems to be no longer a crucial problem. Though next-generation sequencing, microarray and digital PCR have been recommended as good downstream analytical platforms for exosome miRNA quantification, they are still more constrained in clinical utility compared with RT-qPCR method at present. In this review, we will trace back to the origin and summarize current studies of biomarker discovery based on extracellular vesicle miRNAs, and provide an overview and latest developments of RT-qPCR-based data normalization, in order to further assist the development of translational medicine.

Establishment of research-oriented hospital: an important way for translational medicine development in China.

Globally, one of the major trends is the development of translational medicine. The traditional hospital structure could not meet the demands of translational medicine development any longer and to explore a novel hospital structure is imperative. Following the times, China proposed and implemented a development strategy for a first-class modern research-oriented hospital. To establish a research-oriented hospital has become an important strategy to guide the scientific development of high-quality medical institutions and to advance translational medicine development. To facilitate translational medicine by developing research-oriented hospital, the Chinese Research Hospital Association (CRHA) has been established, which provides service of medicine, talents cultivation, scientific research and clinical teaching and covers areas of theoretical research, academic exchange, translational medicine, talents training and practice guiding. On the whole, research-oriented hospital facilitated translational medicine by developing interdisciplinary platform, training core competencies in clinical and translational research, providing financial support of translational research, and hosting journals on translational medicine, etc.

Promoting the patent transformation in various ways with limited human resources of research management

The amount of medical intellectual property projects such as patents has been increasing year by year,while the human resources of management is very limited in hospitals.Through the analysis of successful patent transformations in recent 3 years of Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,it is noted that current development of translational medicine in China is still in its infancy.We propose that the management need to have clear focuses at multi-levels,and transformation could be realized in multi-channels with various strengths.Help could be from leverage of the government transformation platform,the academic influence of experts,or other research and production platforms,as long as they can help facilitate successful transformation. Key words: Translational medicine; Patents transformation; Scientific research management