This article examines the influence of unintentional Cr3+ and Fe3+ impurity ions on the luminescent properties of Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) single crystals. The characteristic features of the spectra excited by high-energy syn chrotron radiation in the temperature range of 10–300 K are analyzed. It is shown that at 10 K the lumines cence is dominated by a narrow-band emission of Cr3+ ions arising from the spin-forbidden 2E→4A2 transi tion, which indicates weak electron–phonon coupling and high crystalline homogeneity. It is revealed that with increasing temperature the intensity of this transition decreases significantly, while a broadband lumi nescence emerges, associated with the spin-allowed 4T2→4A2 transition and the contribution of Fe3+ ion emis sion. The temperature evolution of the spectra is shown to result from thermal redistribution of the Cr3+ excit ed-state populations, interlevel state mixing, and partial removal of the spin-forbidden nature of Fe3+ transi tions due to lattice vibrations. Based on the study, conclusions are drawn regarding the role of impurity cen ters in energy transfer and nonradiative relaxation processes. The results are of interest both for fundamental photonics and for the development of efficient luminescent materials and optical devices designed to operate over a wide temperature range.

The tran sition period from family environment to elementary school is an important phase in student character building. This study aims to understand how the adaptation of the 5S culture (Smile, Salam, Sapa, Polite, and Santun) can shape the character of grade 1 students integrated with Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan (AIK) values. The research method used a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods at SD Muhammadiyah 34 Cikupa, involving 28 students, teachers, and parents. Data collection techniques included six months of participatory observation, in-depth interviews, visual documentation, and field notes. The results show that there are three stages of 5S culture adaptation, namely the stages of imitation, internalization, and naturalization. The 5S culture proved effective in instilling AIK values early on, marked by a significant increase in students' positive behavior. This process is influenced by the child's personality, family involvement, and teacher exemplary. The integration of 5S culture and AIK can be an effective strategy in Islamic character education, especially in the early transition period of elementary school.

This study investigates the implementation of digital health applications (DiGA) to enhance discharge management for recurrent depression at Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg Hospital (BKH). The research is grounded in the observation and analysis of care processes, complemented by interviews with 13 clinic staff members and two DiGA manufacturers. Our findings highlight a significant care gap during the tran sition from inpatient to outpatient care. Experts regard DiGA as a valuable addition due to its low-thresh old access, continuous usability, and location-independent accessibility. Prolonged waiting times for out patient therapy often result in inadequate post-discharge care, increasing the risk of rehospitalization. Integrating DiGA early during the inpatient stay could potentially improve treatment outcomes for recur rent depression and bridge existing care gaps.

В статье проводится анализ современной источниковой базы по памят никам новотиторовской культуры Прикубанья первой четверти III тыс. до н. э., по зволяющий по-новому взглянуть на содержание и датировку ее так называемого кочетовского варианта, основной спецификой которого являются погребения, со вершенные в вытянутом положении. В частности, в работе приводятся результа ты анализа их стратиграфической позиции в курганах новотиторовской культуры и сравнения погребального инвентаря из захоронений кочетовского варианта и дру гих основных обрядовых групп. В результате делается вывод о том, что появле ние традиции вытянутых погребений в Прикубанье происходит на рубеже раннего и среднего или на самом раннем этапе существования новотиторовской культуры. Оно было связано не с влиянием носителей северокавказской культуры, как пред полагалось ранее, а с прямой или опосредованной миграцией традиций квитян ской (постмариупольской) культуры из Северного Причерноморья, ставшей одним из субстратов сложения новотиторовской культуры. The paper analyzes the modern source base for the sites of the Novotitorovka culture in the Kuban region dating to the first quarter of the third millennium BC, this analysis provides an opportunity to gain a new insight into the components and the dat ing of the so called Kochetovka variant characterized by burials in an extended posture. For example, the paper describes results of their stratigraphic position in the Novotito rovskaya kurgans and compares funerary offerings from the burials of the Kochetovka variant as well as other main funerary groups. This analysis concludes that the tradition of burying the dead in an extended position appeared in the Kuban region during the tran sition from the early to the middle stage or during the earliest stage of the Novotitoro vskayaa culture development. It was not linked to the influence of the North Caucasus culture population as has been earlier thought; instead, it was linked with direct or indi rect migration of the traditions of the Kvityanaya (post-Mariupol) culture in the northern Black Sea maritime coastline that became one of the substrates during the Novotitorovka development process.

Dans le Grand Paris, les chantiers se multiplient aux abords des futures gares du Grand Paris Express et dans le cadre des chantiers liés aux Jeux olympiques et paralympiques de Paris 2024. Ils s’accompagnent du déploiement sur les palissades d’une imagerie artistique de plus en plus présente : fresques d’art urbain, photographies, installations, etc. Les acteurs du bâtiment font ainsi appel à des artistes pour investir temporairement ces surfaces transitionnelles et les œuvres commandées dans ce cadre sont nombreuses à répondre à l’objectif des commanditaires de renvoyer aux passant·es et futur·es habitant·es l’image d’une ville « heureuse » où il fait (et fera) « bon vivre ». Dans un contexte de marchandisation des images et des émotions, ces œuvres sont mobilisées à la fois pour accompagner esthétiquement le temps du chantier, et pour générer l’idée d’un quartier post-chantier désirable. Elles traduisent les représentations partagées par les commanditaires et les artistes des codes visuels du bonheur. Pour interroger cette imagerie du bonheur présente sur les palissades de chantier, cet article s’appuie sur un terrain ethnographique mené dans le Grand Paris, principalement autour des chantiers du Village des Athlètes et des gares du Grand Paris Express.

Abstract Tropical transition (TT) is a cyclogenesis process in which a baroclinic disturbance is transformed into a tropical cyclone. Many studies have analyzed TT events over the North Atlantic. This study assesses TT processes from a possible subtropical cyclone to Tropical Storm Kirogi at a relatively high latitude over the western North Pacific in an environment of enhanced baroclinicity in August 2012. Analyses based on satellite observations, the JRA-55 reanalysis, and a simulation with 2.5-km horizontal grid spacing demonstrate three stages during the TT: the baroclinic, intermediate, and convective stages. Over the baroclinic stage, Kirogi had an asymmetric comma-shaped cloud pattern with convection in the northern and eastern parts of the cyclone. This convection is attributed to quasigeostrophic forcing and frontogenesis associated with advection of warm and moist air. Vorticity locally generated by this convection was advected to the cyclone center by cyclone-relative northerly flow. Kirogi also had a shallow warm-core structure due to the interaction with an upper-level cold trough extending from the midlatitudes. In the intermediate stage, the warm and moist air in the lower troposphere and the cold trough in the upper troposphere wrapped around Kirogi. In the convective stage, Kirogi attained characteristics of a typical tropical cyclone with convection concentrated near the cyclone center and a deep warm-core structure. These results demonstrate that baroclinic processes can directly trigger formation of a tropical storm at relatively high latitudes over the western North Pacific in a similar manner to that over the North Atlantic. Significance Statement Tropical cyclogenesis is an important process for early identification of tropical cyclone hazards. Tropical transition is a tropical cyclogenesis process that is triggered by a subtropical or extratropical disturbance. It is unique to relatively high latitudes and has social importance particularly for midlatitude countries. There have been fewer studies on tropical transition over the western North Pacific than over the North Atlantic. This study demonstrates the dynamics of a distinct tropical transition event that led to the formation of Tropical Storm Kirogi (2012) at a relatively high latitude over the western North Pacific.

This study assessed the impact of dry- (DR) versus temper-rolled (TR) and low- (13%, LP) versus high-protein (18%, HP) wheat on ruminal fermentation, growth, and liver abscesses in feedlot cattle. Crossbred Angus steers (302 ± 34 kg; n = 160; 24 ruminally cannulated) were used in a backgrounding (BG) to finishing (FN) trial. The BG diet consisted of 60% barley silage, 35% wheat, and 5% supplement, and the FN diet contained 10% barley silage, 85% wheat, and 5% supplement (dry matter basis). Four transition (TN) diets were used to adapt cattle to the FN diet. A numerical increase in large particles and reduction in small particles occurred when both HP and LP wheat were TR, with this response being greater for HP wheat. Steers experienced lower ( P ≤ 0.03) ruminal pH with HP-DR and LP-TR than HP-TR wheat during TN. Steers fed HP wheat BG diets tended to exhibit greater ( P ≤ 0.09) gain:feed and NEg than steers fed LP wheat. Greater ( P = 0.01) average daily gains were exhibited by FN steers fed LP wheat. Liver abscesses were more ( P < 0.001) severe with HP wheat. While HP wheat improved the growth of BG cattle, it increased the severity of liver abscesses during FN.

Abstract Two series of hybrid liquid crystalline (LC) diblock copolymers (DBCs) and triblock copolymers (TBCs) composed of hard and soft blocks with great control over their molecular masses, dispersities (Mw/Mn = Đ ≤ 1.38) and compositions were prepared via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in anisole solvent using new p‐dodecylphenyl‐N‐acrylamide monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile initiator, poly(2‐[2‐(4‐cyano‐azobenzene‐4‐oxy)ethylene‐oxy]ethyl methacrylate) and poly(2‐[2‐(4‐cyano‐azobenzene‐4‐oxy)ethylene‐oxy]ethyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(n‐butyl methacrylate) macroinitiators. Structures and properties of BCs were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimeter, optical polarizing microscope, atomic force microscope and grazing‐incidence small angle X‐ray scattering. Kinetic behavior indicated that block copolymerization proceeded with controlled/living characteristics. Every BCs revealed three endothermic transitions corresponding to glassy phase transition, smectic‐to‐nematic phase transition (TS‐N) and melting phase transition. DBC‐1, DBC‐2, TBC‐1 and TBC‐2 with high‐LC volume fractions exhibited strong TS‐N contrasted to DBC‐3, DBC‐4, TBC‐3 and TBC‐4 having low‐LC contents. DBC‐1, DBC‐2, DBC‐3, TBC‐1 and TBC‐2 evidenced smectic C structure while TBC‐3 containing low‐LC segment (39 wt%) showed nematic structure. Morphologies of block copolymer thin films in mixed solvent (Tetrahydrofuran/cyclohexane) vapor annealing system varied significantly, depending on the volume fractions of building blocks and the interactions between the blocks and solvents.

The problem of activating the potential of youth in territories’ development, the transi tion of their latent resources (opportunities) into the actual state of the driving force of social change at the regional level is of particular relevance for public and scientific discourse. From the standpoint of the activist paradigm, young people are seen as a significant subject of territorial development through their involvement in various practices of civic participation. The purpose of the article is to identify the opportunities and limitations of youth civic participation in the development of territories. The authors determine that a favorable institutional environment for the young people’s civic participation is being created in Russian society, however, there are problems in the implementation of youth policy both at the national level and in the regions. Based on the methodology of quantitative sociology (the authors developed a toolkit for a sociological survey, which was tested on the territory of the Vologda Oblast in 2021, N=1900), it was revealed that young people, demonstrate their willingness to civic participation to a greater extent than the population of the region as a whole, but they are somewhat less likely to be included into real practices of socially useful activity. The authors concluded that both political (in vertical interaction with the authorities) and social participation of young people (in the space of everyday  life) is realized primarily in informal (one-time or spontaneous) practices. It is determined that the demotivating reasons for the young people’s engagement in  the civic participation practices in the regional space vary from institutional to social and psychological qualities of the individual. By the example of the Youth Center “GOR.COM35” (Vologda), it is shown that the youth center is a complex structure or a new model of “public-state partnership” that creates conditions for the development of civic participation of young people in the region. The materials presented can form the basis of sociological diagnostics of the level, potential,  and barriers to youth involvement in socially useful activities in order to further develop the priorities of youth regional policy and effectively build the  work of youth organizations. 

Molecular adsorption of the NCO, CNO and CON isomers on the Rh(001) surface : A standard DFT and DFT+[formula omitted] calculations

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the impact of low (13%, LP) or high protein (18%, HP) wheat grain subjected to dry (DR) vs temper rolling (TR) on growth performance, rumen parameters, and liver abscesses of feedlot steers. A backgrounding (BG) to finishing (FN) feedlot trial was performed using 160 302 ± 34 kg; 24 ruminally cannulated) Angus steers blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 16 pens. Cannulated steers (3 per pen) were housed within 8 pens equipped with a feed intake monitoring system. BG diets contained 35% wheat grain, 60% barley silage, and 5% supplement on a DM basis. Transition (TN) diets included sequential increases to the proportion of wheat grain in the total mixed ration to achieve a FN diet comprised of 85% wheat grain, 10% barley silage, and 5% supplement. Rumen pHs were measured with an indwelling logger and rumen samples were collected in each phase. Steers fed the HP-DR and LP-TR diets had lower (P≤0.03) ruminal pH than HP-TR during the TN phase. Tempering HP wheat reduced (P<0.001) the generation of fine particles during rolling. During BG and TN, steers fed diets containing HP wheat had higher (P<0.001) ruminal NH3 concentrations than the LP treatments. NH3 measurements during the FN phase were higher (P=0.01) for the LP-DR treatment compared to the LP-TR treatment. Greater (P≤0.01) C2:C3 ratios were noted for HP wheat diets during the BG and FN phases whereas the C2:C3 ratio was reduced (P<0.001) with TR wheat during the FN phase. Greater (P= 0.01) NEgs were assessed for FN steers fed LP wheat. Steers fed HP wheat had more severe (P<0.001) abscesses. Results suggest that HP wheat may limit the growth performance of FN cattle and increase the severity of liver abscesses.

Effect of Holmium substitution on magnetic, dielectric, and magnetodielectric properties of polycrystalline KBiFe2O5

BackgroundNutrition practices for preterm infants during the first few weeks of life can be divided into three phases: the parenteral nutrition (PN), enteral nutrition (EN), and transition (TN) phases; the TN phase includes both PN and EN. Our purpose was to analyze nutrition practices for very preterm infants during the TN phase and their association with the infants' growth during the first 28 days of life.MethodsData from 268 very preterm infants <32 weeks old from six neonatal intensive care units were analyzed retrospectively. The TN phase was defined as enteral feedings of 30-120 ml/kg/d. Postnatal growth failure (PGF) was defined as a 28-day growth velocity <15 g/kg/d. Differences in protein and energy intake between the PGF and non-PGF groups during the TN phase were calculated, and risk factors for PGF were identified using multivariate regression analysis.ResultsThe total protein (parenteral + enteral) intake during the TN was 3.16 (2.89, 3.47) g/kg/d, which gradually decreased as the enteral feeding volume increased in the TN phase. The total energy (parenteral + enteral) intake during the TN phase was 115.72 (106.98, 122.60) kcal/kg/d. The PGF group had a lower total protein intake (parenteral + enteral) than the non-PGF group had [3.09 (2.85, 3.38) g/kg/d vs. 3.27 (3.06, 3.57) g/kg/d, P = 0.007, respectively]. No significant difference was found in energy intake during the TN phase. The variables associated with PGF included a lower total protein (parenteral + enteral) intake, a smaller day of age at the end of the TN phase, and a higher birth weight z-score.ConclusionIncreasing the total protein intake (parenteral + enteral) during the TN could reduce the incidence of PGF.

CFD study of binary mixture mixing/segregation of supercritical carbon dioxide fluidized bed

En Argentina, el potencial eólico constituye un yacimiento inagotable de energía limpia. Desde los años 1990, los aerogeneradores de media y alta potencia se expanden en distintas regiones del país. El artículo busca construir la genealogía eólica argentina, entendiéndola como la evolución de los aerogeneradores o parques instalados en el territorio nacional, para conocer así el desarrollo del sector, desde sus comienzos hasta el presente. La investigación se apoya en el empleo de fuentes secundarias documentales y estadísticas en complemento con información primaria, a partir de observación en terreno y una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves. Tres generaciones eólicas parecen coexistir en el territorio, mostrando diferentes características, momentos y actores. Los aerogeneradores devienen los protagonistas en la transición energética, motor de sistemas eléctricos renovables.

In this month's Student Column, Jolyon Price reflects on his choice to transition from acting to paramedicine, as well as everything he gave up, and everything he has gained

With a governance shift in Indonesia, a heavy burden has been placed on local governments to act in their citizens’ best interests. This study generated evidence of economic structure, economic growth, and local government policies in the new autonomous city of Banjar Municipality, West Java Province, Indonesia. This study used location quotient, shift-share, and ordinary least squares regression analyses. Results reveal that from 2017 to 2019, agriculture, accommodations, business and trade, public services, and other sectors dominated the economic structure of Banjar Municipality. Notably, the Banjar city government's sustainability policy, aimed at developing local road infrastructure and protecting traditional markets, plays an essential role in maintaining the city’s economic growth. Policies oriented toward sustainability emphasize control, orderliness, and acceleration of economic activity; however, local authorities are at times faced with challenges when a transition of regional leadership occurs. This study provides critical insights that complement the theorization and evaluation of new autonomous cities' attempts to achieve community welfare.

Transition of Trading Companies, Part 5: Prosperity, Decline, and Transformation of Textile Wholesalers

The limits workshop series is a transition system, which shapes the work of activists, educators, and researchers. It does so, in part, by the development of language and tools and by catalyzing conversations about reality and possible futures. Given this proposition and drawing on ontologically oriented analysis and design, I explore the transition discourse of eight limits' papers, which consider aspects of food. The papers represent competing views of the future of place and planet. Building on this review, I discuss worldviews and transitions, transitions and time, and I explore how formative and instrumental approaches in computing research can contribute to institutional and cultural adaptation.

A View into a Transition in Progress