ZnO-TiO2:0.4 mol. %Dy3+,x mol. %Eu3+ (x = 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) nanophosphors were synthesized using the solgel method. X-ray diffraction data confirmed crystallization of a mixture of wurtzite hexagonal ZnO and tetragonal TiO2 (anatase and rutile) nanocomposite phases. The nanocomposites were excited in the ultraviolet region with a wavelength of 248 nm, and the major narrowband emissions were observed in the visible range at 496, 584, 593, and 614 nm. The emissions at 496 and 584 nm were assigned to f → f transitions of Dy3+ ions from the upper 4F9/2 level to lower 6H15/2 and 6H13/2 levels, respectively, while those at 593 and 614 nm were assigned to f → f transitions of Eu3+ ions from the 5D0 level to the 5F1 and 5F2 levels, respectively. The effects of changing the Eu3+ concentrations on the PL intensity and energy transfer mechanisms from the charge transfer states and Dy3+ to Eu3+ are discussed. Energy transfer from Dy3+ to Eu3+ was confirmed by measuring the decay curves of orange-yellow and red emission of Dy3+ and Eu3+, respectively, in ZnO-TiO2:Dy3+,Eu3+.