Principles Of Transfer Research Articles

Standardization relevance of approaches and formation of unified technology transfer principles for obtaining substances from the laboratory development stage to implementation in the production site

Standardization relevance of approaches and formation of unified technology transfer principles for obtaining substances from the laboratory development stage to implementation in the production site

Perceived Learning & Confidence to Apply Nursing Theories to Clinical Practice Through Simulation: A Pilot Study

BackgroundGaps exist in prelicensure nursing education literature regarding the utility of simulation in non-clinical courses. SampleFirst-semester undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a theory course participated in a study evaluating the effectiveness of using high-fidelity simulation to facilitate transfer of learning about nursing theories to patient care and explore perceived learning and confidence to care for patients in a clinical setting. MethodA descriptive pretest/post-test survey design with a structured debriefing based on principles of transfer of learning was employed. ResultsThere was a statistically significant improvement in confidence and preparation to apply nursing theories to patient care as well as modify interventions based on patient responses to care (z = -3.511, p < .001), with a large effect size (r = 0.50). ConclusionHigh-fidelity simulation is an effective teaching-learning modality in a non-clinical course, assisting students to apply nursing theories to the plan of care successfully and confidently.

Influence of Problem-Based Learning Model on Students’ Critical Thinking Ability and Learning Motivation in Mathematics Learning

Low critical thinking skills and student learning motivation, including learning that occurs in schools, which is still teacher-centred. The students' critical thinking skills are still relatively low, which is caused by mathematics teachers who still apply the principle of transfer of knowledge. This study aims to determine the effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skills and students' motivation to learn mathematics. This type of research is a quasi-experiment. The design model uses a pre-test-post-test control group design. The population of this study was all students of class VII SMP Kesatria Medan in the 2023/2024 academic year, consisting of 30 students. Sampling was conducted using a random sampling technique, and the research sample was obtained, namely VII-1, totalling 16 students as the control class and 14 students as VII-2 as the experimental class. The research instrument used tests in the form of essays. Data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis, including normality tests, homogeneity tests and hypothesis tests, namely the t-test (paired sample t-test). The results of the study show the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 &lt; 0.05, it can be concluded that students who get the problem-based learning model are better than students who use conventional learning models.

Implementing Toll Road Infrastructure Financing in Indonesia: Critical Success Factors from the Perspective of Toll Road Companies

Having effective and efficient financing is one of the most critical steps in accelerating public infrastructure development, including toll roads. This study aims to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for implementing toll infrastructure financing in Indonesia. Thirty-three CSFs have been identified from the literature review. A Delphi survey was conducted involving a panel of experts in the infrastructure industry. Based on the survey, it is known that the internal rate of return, affordability, investment decisions, commercial banks, financing costs, interest rate risk, control of cash flow, contract scope, and principles of risk transfer are important factors for implementing toll infrastructure financing in Indonesia. This study fills research gaps by developing a CSF model for successful toll road infrastructure financing in Indonesian PPPs, considering private perspectives and aiming to provide insights for investors and enhance understanding of country profiles in developing countries. The focus on toll road implementation in Indonesia contributes to a comprehensive understanding of CSFs for PPPs in the country.

Lived experience of people on anti-retro viral therapy in the context of covid-19: A phenomenological study.

People living with human immune virus (HIV) are confronting multiple psychosocial and economic issues influenced by the illness. People on anti-retro viral drugs (ART) were at risk for discontinuation of medications during corona viral disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 outbreak made people living with HIV (PLWH) to experience critical challenges and barriers to optimal care. The experience of people living with HIV such as stigma and discrimination, economic problem, psychosocial problem before the emergency of COVID-19 were studied but there is lack of understanding on the lived experience of people living with HIV in the context of COVID-19 in Ethiopia particularly in Tach Gayint. This study aimed to explore the lived experience of people on ART in context of COVID-19 in Tach Gayint district. Phenomenological study design conducted with 16 study participants from March 12-April 12/2021. Data were collected using in-depth interview using interview guide and digital recorder. The investigator took note in addition to digital record. Interviews were transcribed word for word and translated conceptually. Analysis followed Reading of transcriptions, develop and apply coding, displaying data, data reduction and interpretation. Atlas.ti-7 software used to facilitate analysis. The quality of data was assured by the principles of credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability. The study explored psychological experience, change in social interaction, and economic experience and ART drug interruption as the main themes including other sub-themes. Most participants perceived the severity of COVID-19 on them. Lack of participation in social activities due to fear of contracting and the participants experienced dying and loss of income. This extreme fear pushed some participants to interrupt their daily ART intake especially during lock down period. Personal, familial and community context contributed for these distressing experiences. This study reported participants' psychosocial, economic experiences including ART drug interruptions. The government should design policies and interventions to alleviate their personal, household and community problems, which were the caused for the mentioned hostile experiences.

Comprehensive evaluation on conjugate heat transfer and thermal stress performance of film cooling

Film cooling is a commonly used cooling technology in gas turbines, which could reduce heat load by spreading cooling air. However, it faces the problem of stress concentration in structures with holes. The present work focuses on conjugate heat transfer and thermal stress characteristics for a flat film cooling plate through an experimentally validated numerical approach. It discusses the effect of three geometry factors: inclination angle, compound angle, and ellipticity. An engine case simulation and a laboratory case simulation are compared to validate the analogy principle of conjugate heat transfer and thermal stress analysis derived from theoretical analysis. According to the analogy principle, the laboratory flat plate film cooling cases are set to conduct numerical studies. The maximum Mises stress of the film hole is equal to the product of the reference stress and the stress concentration factor. The reference Mises stress is proportional to the overall cooling effectiveness. The stress concentration factor is mainly related to the geometry of the film hole. Reducing the inclination angle of the film hole from 90° to 30° increases the overall cooling effectiveness and drastically increases the stress concentration factor from 2.7 to 5.5. Based on a cylinder hole with a 30° inclination angle, increasing the compound angle enhances the overall cooling effectiveness and slightly increases the stress concentration factor. Based on a cylinder hole with a 30° inclination angle, increasing the ellipticity increases the overall cooling effectiveness and reduces the stress concentration factor. With the increase of ellipticity from 0 to 4, the stress concentration factor decreases from 5.5 to 2. Elliptical film holes are ideal for future low-stress, high-cooling-efficiency turbine blades to extend the life of cooling vanes.

Development of a heat-penetration criterion to characterize steam chamber growth and propagation dynamics during a steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process

Steam chamber growth and propagation dynamics dictates the success of a steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process, which is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method for effectively and efficiently exploiting the enormous heavy oil and bitumen reserves. To set the baseline, this work is focused on the SAGD process with pure steam. After numerous trials and errors, a heat-penetration criterion has been developed and integrated into a reservoir simulator for the first time to characterize steam chamber growth and propagation dynamics conditioned to the production profiles during a steam-assisted gravity drainage process. More specifically, based on the heat transfer principle, a pore-scale heat-penetration criterion has been developed with respect to both heat conduction and convection for calibrating the temperature distributions ahead of the steam chamber interface (SCI). Subsequently, such a heat-penetration criterion has been upscaled to a grid-scale for its integration with a commercial reservoir simulator (i.e., CMG STARS), allowing us to pragmatically and accurately quantify the dynamic temperature field during a steam-assisted gravity drainage process. Furthermore, three sets of multiphase relative permeabilities are employed to evaluate comprehensive impacts of the thermally sensitive co/counter-current flows. Finally, such a heat-penetration criterion has been verified by reproducing the experimentally measured steam chamber during a steam-assisted gravity drainage process from a large-scale 3D physical model. With such an integrated method, good agreements between the measured and simulated data including production profiles and temperature distributions have been found, whereas the dynamics of production profiles and corresponding steam chamber propagations cannot be well reproduced solely with a commercial reservoir simulator. Sensitivity analysis has been performed to examine the effects of thermal-sensitive properties, steam chamber configuration, boundary, multiphase flow behaviour (e.g., co-current and counter-current flow), and gridblock dimension. In practice, the newly developed heat-penetration criterion can be seamlessly integrated with a commercial reservoir simulator. Such an integrated method can significantly reduce the model complexities and uncertainties, providing a simple and convenient way to dynamically and accurately characterize the steam chamber growth and propagation dynamics within a unified, consistent, and efficient framework.

A Semi-Constructive Approach to the Hyperreal Line

Using an alternative to Tarskian semantics for first-order logic known as possibility semantics, I introduce an approach to nonstandard analysis that remains within the bounds of semiconstructive mathematics, i.e., does not assume any fragment of the Axiom of Choice beyond the Axiom of Dependent Choices. I define the Fr´echet hyperreal line †R as a possibility structure and show that it shares many fundamental properties of the classical hyperreal line, such as a Transfer Principle and a Saturation Principle. I discuss the technical advantages of †R over some other alternative approaches to nonstandard analysis and argue that it is well-suited to address some of the philosophical and methodological concerns that have been raised against the application of nonstandard methods to ordinary mathematics.

The Influence of Co-Firing Coal with Biomass Syngas on the Thermodynamic Parameters of a Boiler

Biomass syngas can be considered as a supplementary fuel to partially substitute coal, which is beneficial to CO2 emission reduction. For the case study, the influences of co-firing typical biomass syngas (gasification from palm, straw, and wood) with coal on the thermodynamic parameters of a 300 MW tangentially fired boiler are evaluated through a thermal calculation based on the principles of mass conservation, heat conservation, and heat transfer. The effects of boiler loads, biomass syngas species, and consumption rates are discussed. The results show that the introduction of biomass syngas weakens the radiative characteristics of the flame and reduces the furnace exit flue-gas temperature. As 3 × 104 m3 h−1 of wood syngas is introduced, the decrement of thermal efficiency reaches 0.4%, while that of the coal consumption rate is 5.1%. The retrofitting of the boiler was not necessary and the corrosion of the low-temperature heating surface did not appear. The CO2 annual emission reduction could achieve 0.001 to 0.095 million tons for palm syngas, 0.005 to 0.069 million tons for straw syngas, and 0.013 to 0.107 million tons for wood syngas with increasing biomass syngas consumption rates under the full load. Moreover, the main thermodynamic parameters changed more significantly under the low loads.

Periodic Lp\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$\\mathrm{L}_{p}$\\end{document} Estimates by ℛ-Boundedness: Applications to the Navier-Stokes Equations

General evolution equations in Banach spaces are investigated. Based on an operator-valued version of de Leeuw’s transference principle, time-periodic Lp\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$\\mathrm {L}_{p}$\\end{document} estimates of maximal regularity type are carried over from ℛ-bounds of the family of solution operators (ℛ-solvers) to the corresponding resolvent problems. With this method, existence of time-periodic solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations is shown for two configurations: in a periodically moving bounded domain and in an exterior domain, subject to prescribed time-periodic forcing and boundary data.

Analytical solution for longitudinal seismic response of immersed tunnel connecting artificial islands crossing different strata

Immersed tunnels typically pass through zones with different soil properties and may be subjected to earthquake threats. This paper presents a theoretical model using two flexible joints and three tube-elements for the longitudinal seismic response analysis of immersed tunnel connecting artificial islands. According to the reaction displacement method, the governing equations for bending of the immersed tunnel are established. Based on the matrix transfer principle, the end boundary conditions and the joint continuity conditions were considered in the analytical model. The analytical solutions were verified using finite element simulation results. Results indicate that the fixed and hinged end conditions have large shear forces on both ends, while the fixed end conditions have large bending moments. The free and roller end conditions have large vertical displacements on both ends, while the hinged end conditions have large rotation angles. The free end conditions can better reflect the boundary conditions of immersed tunnel connecting artificial islands. The flexible element joints can significantly reduce the shear forces at the interface of different strata, but also produce larger deformations at the joints. However, this amount of deformations can be accommodated by the flexible joints themselves, thus minimizing the damage to the immersed tunnel under seismic loading.

PODTherm-GP: A Physics-Based Data-Driven Approach for Effective Architecture-Level Thermal Simulation of Multi-Core CPUs

A thermal simulation methodology derived from the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the Galerkin projection (GP), hereafter referred to as PODTherm-GP, is evaluated in terms of its efficiency and accuracy in a multi-core CPU. The GP projects the heat transfer equation onto a mathematical space whose basis functions are generated from thermal data enabled by the POD learning algorithm. The thermal solution data are collected from FEniCS using the finite element method (FEM) accounting for appropriate parametric variations. The GP incorporates physical principles of heat transfer in the methodology to reach high accuracy and efficiency. The dynamic power map for the CPU in FEM thermal simulation is generated from gem5 and McPACT, together with the SPLASH-2 benchmarks as the simulation workload. It is shown that PODTherm-GP offers an accurate thermal prediction of the CPU with a resolution as fine as the FEM. It is also demonstrated that PODTherm-GP is capable of predicting the dynamic thermal profile of the chip with a good accuracy beyond the training conditions. Additionally, the approach offers a reduction in degrees of freedom by more than 5 orders of magnitude and a speedup of 4 orders, compared to the FEM.

Embracing the principles of practice transfer to get the word out on the new metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease nomenclature.

Embracing the principles of practice transfer to get the word out on the new metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease nomenclature.

Design and implementation of a portable heat exchanger kit in an undergraduate engineering heat and mass transfer course

A compact and cost-effective heat exchanger kit was successfully designed, built, and implemented in an undergraduate pharmaceutical engineering course on heat and mass transfer. The kit consists of a control box (dimensions: 160 mm x 180 mm x 98 mm) and a plate heat exchanger measuring 120 mm x 180 mm, along with various accessories. By utilizing affordable electronics and mechanical components, we were able to create 25 kits (cost: ∼USD$320/kit) that facilitate immersive hands-on learning experiences. In this study, the heat exchanger kit was incorporated into laboratory sessions. After the end of the sessions, a student survey was administered to gather feedback from all 71 participants. Students’ perceptions towards the kit in aiding their understanding of heat transfer principles was assessed. The survey results clearly indicated that the practical engagement with the heat exchanger kit had a positive influence on the students' comprehension and visualization of how heat exchanger systems work. Students recognized its representation of an industrial heat exchanger operation and its efficacy in enhancing their understanding and visualization of heat exchangers. By considering the encouraging outcomes and the positive feedback obtained from the students, we are motivated to continue utilizing the heat exchanger kit for future cohorts.

Research on identification method of power equipment hot spot temperature based on the particle filter algorithm

With the construction of new power systems, the load shows significant differences between peak and valley, and the traditional system planning and scheduling operation mode faces problems such as insufficient flexibility. The power system mainly focuses on transmission lines and transformers to improve the grid’s transmission capacity. Based on the existing grid structure and substation layout, the thermal stability value algorithm is used to evaluate the load capacity of substation equipment, fully tap its operation potential, and improve the equipment’s total utilization rate, which is of great significance to ensure the reliability of the power supply. Based on the principle of heat transfer, this paper establishes the temperature model of electrical equipment contact. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the particle filter method proposed in this paper can effectively predict the model temperature.

A Review of Metamaterials in Wireless Power Transfer.

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a technology that enables energy transmission without physical contact, utilizing magnetic and electric fields as soft media. While WPT has numerous applications, the increasing power transfer distance often results in a decrease in transmission efficiency, as well as the urgent need for addressing safety concerns. Metamaterials offer a promising way for improving efficiency and reducing the flux density in WPT systems. This paper provides an overview of the current status and technical challenges of metamaterial-based WPT systems. The basic principles of magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer (MCR-WPT) are presented, followed by a detailed description of the metamaterial design theory and its application in WPT. The paper then reviews the metamaterial-based wireless energy transmission system from three perspectives: transmission efficiency, misalignment tolerance, and electromagnetic shielding. Finally, the paper summarizes the development trends and technical challenges of metamaterial-based WPT systems.

TiN inclusions distribution in the composite cross section of Titanium Micro-alloyed Steel slab: thermo-chemical modeling and automatic statistic analysis

A model for TiN (Titanium Nitride) inclusions precipitation was developed to investigate the precipitation and growth behavior of TiN inclusions during slab solidification for the entire cross-section of Titanium Micro-alloyed Steel (0.0077 wt%N, 0.12 wt%Ti) slabs. The model integrates the principles of heat transfer, thermodynamics, and kinetics to predict the size and concentration of TiN inclusions in slabs. The outcomes of the TiN inclusions precipitation model showed that the TiN inclusions size on the surface of the slab was 2.82 μm, the central TiN inclusions size was 10.07 μm, and the total TiN inclusions concentration was 0.073 wt%. The distribution of TiN inclusions in the slabs was ascertained by automated scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy inclusion analysis (AZtec Steel system). The results showed a sharp decrease in the number density of TiN inclusions number and an increase in the average size from the surface to the center of the slab. The model validation revealed that the model might accurately simulate the maximum size of TiN inclusions in the slab. However, the presence of micron-sized TiN particles in the steel matrix resulted in an overestimation of the modelled TiN concentration as compared to the actual TiN concentration.

Modeling the heat transfer of rainfall runoff in the typical catchment of Beijing

The stormwater runoff formed on the urban impervious surface in summer may carry a large amount of heat, which will have a negative impact on the urban receiving water bodies. In order to simulate the process of runoff generation, confluence, and heat transfer, evaluate the degree of thermal pollution of stormwater runoff, and better quantify the heat of stormwater runoff, a simplified urban stormwater runoff temperature model is developed according to the runoff process of pervious surface and impervious surface and pipe network during rainfall, combined with the heat transfer principle in the process, to calculate the runoff flow and temperature from the small catchment. The heat transfer model mainly considers the heat exchange between runoff and surface, runoff and atmosphere, and runoff and pipe. The proposed model was evaluated by monitoring of typical urban catchment in the summer of 2021–2022, and the calculation formula of Event Mean Temperatures (EMT) in the catchment was proposed based on the model principle. The average root mean square error (RMSE) between the predicted value and the monitoring value of the model is 0.6 ℃. Long duration rainfall and short duration high intensity rainfall could lead to large simulation errors. Runoff temperature is easily affected by air temperature, solar radiation, pre-rain temperature and type of impervious surface. The average error between the EMT calculated by the formula and the actual monitoring EMT is 0.6 ℃, and its significant error rainfall frequency is consistent with the model. The results show that the model and formula can be used to predict the runoff heat in typical catchments, providing a more convenient method for the analysis of runoff heat in small catchments.

An electric-thermal coupling modeling method for lithium-ion battery using the state of charge normalization calculation method

The improved equivalent circuit model for Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has gained popularity in engineering due to its practical and straightforward structure, encompassing core parameters of interest such as open-circuit voltage, internal resistance, temperature, and state of charge (SOC). However, the nonlinear and coupled nature of electrical and thermal parameters makes it challenging to solve these parameters online in a battery management system. Thus, this paper proposes a battery model to decouple the electric-thermal coupling relationship, comprising analytical sub-models for open-circuit voltage, internal resistance and thermal parameters. The proposed method involves designing sets of off-line experiments under constant-current battery conditions and normalizing SOC calculation by utilizing a coulomb efficiency coefficient. The electrical and thermal parameters are then decoupled using off-line parameter identification to obtain open-circuit voltage, internal resistance, and temperature data under specific conditions. An open circuit voltage modeling method is proposed based on the Nernst equation and fitting method. Then, an internal resistance model of the battery is also modeled based on the Arrhenius equation and fitting method. In addition, according to the principles of heat generation and heat transfer, a thermal model is constructed and its model parameters are identified. Through the verification of internal resistance and terminal voltage under different ambient temperature and current conditions, the results illustrate that the modeling method proposed in this paper is able to accurately estimate the open-circuit voltage, internal resistance, and temperature based on online operational data of the battery.

Bright and Stable Perovskite Nanocrystals Lighted Up Remotely by Means of Wireless Power Transfer

AbstractHalide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are an emerging family of low‐cost and high‐efficiency luminescent nanomaterials. They offer a broad gamut of emitted light colors owing to the broad bandgap tunability of the perovskite via anion variation. Previously, to lighten up perovskite NCs, they were placed between two electrodes to inject charge carriers or were integrated with commercial blue light‐emitting diodes powered by electric contacts. However, the opportunities for remote lighting of perovskite NCs have not been explored yet. In this work, the principles of wireless power transfer of electromagnetic energy are applied to light up perovskite NCs encapsulated into a polymer matrix. The photoluminescence and absorption spectra of the CsPbBr3 NCs in a polymer matrix on incident laser power density are experimentally studied. As a proof of concept, chess pieces are created consisting of the perovskite NCs and charge from a chessboard with an integrated metasurface‐based resonator that provides quasi‐homogeneous power distribution. The efficient lighting of the chess pieces with encapsulated NCs is demonstrated over the whole area of the chessboard at various heights up to ≈10 cm. The results of the study open the door for potential applications of perovskite NCs with remote lighting capability.