Transfer Spectra Research Articles

Synthesis and properties research of Dy3+-Eu3+ co-doped BBiBaZ luminescent glass for white LED applications

A series of BBiBaZ luminescent glasses with different concentrations of Dy3+ doping and Dy3+-Eu3+ co-doping was planned by the high-temperature melt method. Their structure, chemical stability, glowing properties, energy transfer, and temperature-dependent emission spectra were also investigated. Under various monitor wavelengths, the visible emitted spectrum of the Dy3+-Eu3+ co-doping luminescent glass was obtained. The presence of Dy3+→Eu3+ energy transfer in the glass was demonstrated by emission spectra and fluorescence decay curve analyses. At the excitation of 384 nm, better white color emitting was noticed in BBiBaZ glass doped with Dy2O3 doping concentration of 0.75 mol% and doped with 0.4 mol% Eu2O3 with a CIE of (0.3306, 0.342), and the glass has an ΔE of 0.221 eV, which suggests that the synthesis glass has the prospective to be applied in white light solid-state lighting. In addition, the Dy3+-Eu3+ co-doped BBiBaZ glass could achieve tunable emission moving from cooling white to heating white to an orange-red light under 390 nm excitation. The adjustable range of the glass’s CCT values has been expanded, allowing for arbitrary tuning between approximately 2004–6380 K, which adapts to different application fields.

The adoption of dual Vocational Education and Training in Spain: Analysis of descentralised decision-making in educational policy transfer

This paper examines the adoption of dual VET in Spain as a process of educational policy transfer. Using Phillips and Ochs’ (2003, 2004) policy transfer spectrum and decision-making classification and Perry and Tor’s (2008) model of transfer forms, the study relies on semi-structured interviews with key decision-makers in the Spanish central government and the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Andalusia. Findings indicate that EU diffusion activities facilitated adoption, involving first-order learning. Initially, adoption at the central level was uninformed, driven by quick-fix decisions, but later shifted to informed transfer through second- and third-order learning, enhancing realism. In Andalusia and the Basque Country, decision-making consistently adapted to the real context, progressing from second- to third-order learning. Ultimately, this analysis concludes that dual VET adoption at the central, Andalusian, and Basque levels falls between ‘negotiated under constraint’ and ‘borrowed purposefully’, though not at the same point.

Contrastive Machine Learning with Gamma Spectroscopy Data Augmentations for Detecting Shielded Radiological Material Transfers

Data analysis techniques can be powerful tools for rapidly analyzing data and extracting information that can be used in a latent space for categorizing observations between classes of data. Machine learning models that exploit learned data relationships can address a variety of nuclear nonproliferation challenges like the detection and tracking of shielded radiological material transfers. The high resource cost of manually labeling radiation spectra is a hindrance to the rapid analysis of data collected from persistent monitoring and to the adoption of supervised machine learning methods that require large volumes of curated training data. Instead, contrastive self-supervised learning on unlabeled spectra can enhance models that are built on limited labeled radiation datasets. This work demonstrates that contrastive machine learning is an effective technique for leveraging unlabeled data in detecting and characterizing nuclear material transfers demonstrated on radiation measurements collected at an Oak Ridge National Laboratory testbed, where sodium iodide detectors measure gamma radiation emitted by material transfers between the High Flux Isotope Reactor and the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center. Label-invariant data augmentations tailored for gamma radiation detection physics are used on unlabeled spectra to contrastively train an encoder, learning a complex, embedded state space with self-supervision. A linear classifier is then trained on a limited set of labeled data to distinguish transfer spectra between byproducts and tracked nuclear material using representations from the contrastively trained encoder. The optimized hyperparameter model achieves a balanced accuracy score of 80.30%. Any given model—that is, a trained encoder and classifier—shows preferential treatment for specific subclasses of transfer types. Regardless of the classifier complexity, a supervised classifier using contrastively trained representations achieves higher accuracy than using spectra when trained and tested on limited labeled data.

Particle tracking, recognition and LET evaluation of out-of-field proton therapy delivered to a phantom with implants

Objective. This study aims to assess the composition of scattered particles generated in proton therapy for tumors situated proximal to some titanium (Ti) dental implants. The investigation involves decomposing the mixed field and recording Linear Energy Transfer (LET) spectra to quantify the influence of metallic dental inserts located behind the tumor. Approach. A therapeutic conformal proton beam was used to deliver the treatment plan to an anthropomorphic head phantom with two types of implants inserted in the target volume (made of Ti and plastic, respectively). The scattered radiation resulted during the irradiation was detected by a hybrid semiconductor pixel detector MiniPIX Timepix3 that was placed distal to the Spread-out Bragg peak. Visualization and field decomposition of stray radiation were generated using algorithms trained in particle recognition based on artificial intelligence neural networks (AI NN). Spectral sensitive aspects of the scattered radiation were collected using two angular positions of the detector relative to the beam direction: 0° and 60°. Results. Using AI NN, 3 classes of particles were identified: protons, electrons & photons, and ions & fast neutrons. Placing a Ti implant in the beam’s path resulted in predominantly electrons and photons, contributing 52.2% of the total number of detected particles, whereas for plastic implants, the contribution was 65.4%. Scattered protons comprised 45.5% and 31.9% with and without metal inserts, respectively. The LET spectra were derived for each group of particles identified, with values ranging from 0.01 to 7.5 keV μm−1 for Ti implants/plastic implants. The low-LET component was primarily composed of electrons and photons, while the high-LET component corresponded to protons and ions. Significance. This method, complemented by directional maps, holds the potential for evaluating and validating treatment plans involving stray radiation near organs at risk, offering precise discrimination of the mixed field, and enhancing in this way the LET calculation.

Investigation of the Complexation Activity of 2,4-Dithiouracil with Au(III) and Cu(II) and Biological Activity of the Newly Formed Complexes

The goal of this study is to synthesize, determine the structure, and examine the antimicrobial properties of novel Cu(II) and Au(III) complexes of 2,4-dithiouracil and its derivatives. These complexes were obtained by mixing aqueous solutions of the corresponding metal salts with the ligand dissolved in DMSO and aqueous NaOH, using a metal-to-ligand ratio of 1:4:2. The structures of the new compounds were analyzed by melting point determination, microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) for Cu and Au, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for S, attenuated total reflection (ATR), solution and solid-state NMR, and Raman spectroscopy. The data for 2,4-dithiouracil obtained from the 1H NMR, 13C NMR, distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer spectrum (DEPT-135), proton–proton homonuclear correlation spectrum (1H-1H COSY), long-range 1H-13C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation experiment (HMBC), and heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectra (HSQC) aided the interpretation of the NMR data for the gold and copper complexes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial effect of the free ligands and their complexes was assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as yeasts.

Tunable Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Graphene-Coated Magneto-Optical Metasurfaces.

The highly structured design of metasurfaces greatly facilitates the manipulation of near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT). In this study, we incorporate magneto-optical materials into metasurfaces to theoretically explore the mechanism for controlling NFRHT between anisotropic magneto-optical metasurfaces. Our findings indicate that the interaction between the magnetization-induced modes, arising from interband transitions of graphene, and the surface modes of InSb under a magnetic field leads to a transition in the heat transfer spectrum from a dual band to a triple band. The modification of the distribution and magnitude of transmission wave vectors in surface electromagnetic modes by magnetic fields serves to modulate the radiative heat flux. By combining active control by a magnetic field with passive structural design of metasurfaces, the regulation of heat flux can be increased by more than 8-fold compared with the planar configuration. Additionally, the magnetic field amplifies the anisotropy of the photon energy distribution induced by the symmetry breaking of the metasurface structure. This study is anticipated to provide a pathway for achieving flexible tuning of NFRHT by combining active and passive regulation. It also opens up possibilities for multiband information transmission and for improving the performance of energy conversion devices.

Fabrication of an innovative phosphonate Schiff base adsorbent for molybdenum adsorption and its applications for molybdenum adsorption from spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo investigate the recovery of molybdate from water and hydrodesulfurization catalysts, a novel synthesized phosphonate Schiff base, 4,4′‐(((2,2‐dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diyl) bis(azaneylylidene)) bis(methaneylylidene)) bis(2‐methoxyphenol) (HMI) and 4‐(((3‐((4‐(((S)‐hydroxyhydrophosphoryl)oxy)‐3‐methoxybenzylidene) amino)‐2,2‐dimethylpropyl)imino)methyl)‐2‐methoxyphenyl hydrogen phosphonate (HIMP), was utilized. This study aimed to assess the structural and property aspects of this synthesized compound using diverse characterizations, including FTIR, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), mass spectrometry (GC–MS), fluorescence transfer spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and 31P‐NMR.RESULTSThe study systematically examined several factors controlling molybdate recovery, including temperature, adsorbent dosage, pH, interaction time, and molybdate concentration using the batch technique. Optimal sorption effectiveness was achieved at pH 2, with an interaction time of 40 min, a 0.06 g adsorbent dose, at ambient temperature. The newly devised adsorbent exhibited an impressive adsorption capacity (Qe) of 372.54 mg of Mo per gram, with empirical data fitting the Langmuir and D‐R adsorption models. The kinetics of molybdate uptake followed second‐order kinetics. Thermodynamic aspects, including ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH°, were also investigated, providing appreciated perceptions into the energetic dynamics of the sorption process. Additionally, molybdate adsorption in the occurrence of other ions was explored, highlighting the selectivity of the modified phosphonate Schiff base for molybdate removal.CONCLUSIONThe study underscores the potential of the modified phosphonate Schiff base as a crucial adsorbent for molybdate elimination from both solutions and spent hydrodesulfurization catalysts. The findings offer important insights into the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and selectivity of the adsorbent, enhancing our understanding of molybdate recovery processes and their broader applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Diamond energy-dispersive dosimeter for measuring linear energy deposition distributions in clinical carbon beam therapy

A thin diamond membrane energy-dispersive dosimeter 50 μm thick was fabricated for estimating clinical dose distribution. In contrast to conventional semiconductors, diamond wide-bandgap semiconductors are expected to have excellent radiation tolerance and biological compatibility based on the linear relationship of stopping power ratio for clinical carbon particles. Linear energy transfer (LET) spectra were obtained along with the Bragg curve for a clinical carbon beam generated at Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) distributions were estimated from the LET spectra for both the mono-energy and spread-out Bragg peak irradiation configurations. The diamond detector was also used as a solid ionization chamber to obtain the radiation-induced current (RIC) distribution, which represents the physical dose distribution. The clinical dose distribution was estimated from the RIC and RBE distributions as proof of concept for the clinical carbon beam therapy field with a single-chip diamond energy-dispersive dosimeter.

Label-Free Tracking of Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Capsid Assembly in Real-Time Using Protein Charge Transfer Spectra.

Hepatitis B virions are double-shelled particles, with a diameter of 40-42 nm, consisting of a nucleocapsid called the HBV core protein (HBV Cp). It is an ordered assembly of 90-120 homodimers arranged in an icosahedral symmetry. Both the full-length HBV Cp and the first-149 residue domain, HBV Cp149, can spontaneously assemble in vitro into capsids with 120 Cp dimers (T = 4) or 90 Cp dimers (T = 3), triggered by high ionic strength of 0.25-0.5 M NaCl. The assembly disassembly of HBV Cp149 capsids are generally studied by light scattering, size-exclusion chromatography, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and other high-end expensive techniques. Here, we report a simple, yet robust, label-free technique exploiting protein charge transfer spectra (ProCharTS) to monitor the capsid assembly in real-time. ProCharTS absorption in the near UV-visible region (250-800 nm) arises when photoinduced electron transfer occurs from HOMO of COO- in glutamate (donor) to LUMO of NH3+ in lysine or polypeptide backbone (acceptor) of the protein. Alternatively, it can also occur from polypeptide backbone (donor) to acceptor in arginine, histidine, or lysine cation. ProCharTS is observed profusely among proximal charge clusters in folded proteins. Here, we show that, ProCharTS absorption among growing HBV capsids is amplified when HBV Cp homodimers assemble, generating new contacts among charged residues in the dimer-dimer interface. We notice a time-dependent sigmoidal increase in ProCharTS absorbance and luminescence during capsid formation in comparison to pure dimers. Additionally, a combined approach of anisotropy-based fluorescence assay is reported, where an increased fluorescence anisotropy was observed in capsids as compared to native and unfolded dimers. We conclude that ProCharTS can serve as a sensitive label-free tool for rapid tracking of capsid assembly in real-time and characterize the assembled capsids from dimers.

Towards precise LET measurements based on energy deposition of therapeutic ions in Timepix3 detectors

Objective. There is an increasing interest in calculating and measuring linear energy transfer (LET) spectra in particle therapy in order to assess their impact in biological terms. As such, the accuracy of the particle fluence energy spectra becomes paramount. This study focuses on quantifying energy depositions of distinct proton, helium, carbon, and oxygen ion beams using a silicon pixel detector developed at CERN to determine LET spectra in silicon. Approach. While detection systems have been investigated in this pursuit, the scarcity of detectors capable of providing per-ion data with high spatial and temporal resolution remains an issue. This gap is where silicon pixel detector technology steps in, enabling online tracking of single-ion energy deposition. The used detector consisted of a 300 µm thick silicon sensor operated in partial depletion. Main results. During post-processing, artifacts in the acquired signals were identified and methods for their corrections were developed. Subsequently, a correlation between measured and Monte Carlo-based simulated energy deposition distributions was performed, relying on a two-step recalibration approach based on linear and saturating exponential models. Despite the observed saturation effects, deviations were confined below 7% across the entire investigated range of track-averaged LET values in silicon from 0.77 keV µm−1 to 93.16 keV µm−1. Significance. Simulated and measured mean energy depositions were found to be aligned within 7%, after applying artifact corrections. This extends the range of accessible LET spectra in silicon to clinically relevant values and validates the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. These findings pave the way towards LET-based dosimetry through an approach to translate these measurements to LET spectra in water. This will be addressed in a future study, extending functionality of treatment planning systems into clinical routine, with the potential of providing ion-beam therapy of utmost precision to cancer patients.

Modulation transfer spectroscopy of the D1 transition of potassium: theory and experiment

We report on a study of modulation transfer spectroscopy of the 4S1/2→4P1/2 (D1) transition of naturally abundant potassium in a room-temperature vapour cell. This transition is critical for laser cooling and optical pumping of potassium and our study is therefore motivated by the need for robust laser frequency stabilisation. Despite the absence of a closed transition, the small ground-state hyperfine splitting in potassium results in strong crossover features in the D1 modulation transfer spectrum. To emphasise this we compare the D1 and D2 spectra of potassium with those of rubidium. Further, we compare our experimental results with a detailed theoretical simulation, examining different pump–probe polarisation configurations to identify the optimal signals for laser frequency stabilisation. We find good agreement between the experiment and the theory, especially for the lin∥lin polarisation configuration.

Experimentally Determined Force Density Spectra for Admittance-Based Vibration Predictions along Railways

The planning application and approval process of railway tracks is generally accompanied by a vibration immission assessment. Starting with the source spectrum, which is ideally obtained through measurements, the German guideline VDI 3837 recommends a series of multiplications using transfer spectra which account for the various subdomains of the wave propagation path, such as the effect of the superstructure, the free field propagation, the soil-structure coupling and the transmission inside buildings. Typically, these one-third octave spectra are an average over empirical reference values. While simplified empirical relations are prone to a large variance, the use of artificial vibration sources allows the actual vibration transmission behavior from the tracks to the immission points to be quantified. Using so-called transfer admittances, also known as transfer mobilities, which account for all dynamic interactions along the transmission path (track, tunnel structures, foundations, structural properties), together with force density spectra for relevant rail vehicles, the authors investigate the practical application of the method presented in Report No. 0123 of the Federal Transit Administration (2018) for the frequency range 5–200 Hz. The article demonstrates how such force density spectra were obtained for the most common train types in the Austrian rail network at two different track sections using artificial vibration sources. Furthermore, practical aspects are discussed and a recently developed approximation method for estimating line transfer admittances from point transfer admittances using simplified models is introduced.

Early events during the aggregation of Aβ16-22-derived switch-peptides tracked using Protein Charge Transfer Spectra

BackgroundUnderstanding Aβ aggregation and inhibiting it at early stages is of utmost importance in treating Alzheimer's and other related amyloidogenic diseases. However, majority of the techniques to study Aβ aggregation mainly target the late stages; while those used to monitor early stages are either expensive, use extrinsic dyes, or do not provide information on molecular level interactions. Here, we investigate the early events of Aβ16-22(KLVFFAE) aggregation using Aβ16-22 derived switch-peptides (SwPs) through a novel label-free approach employing Protein Charge Transfer Spectra (ProCharTS). ResultsWhen pH is increased from 2 to 7.2, the Aβ-derived switch peptides undergo controlled self-assembly, where the initial random coil peptides convert into β-sheet. We leveraged the intrinsic absorbance/luminescence arising from ProCharTS among growing peptide oligomers to observe the aggregation kinetics in real-time. In comparison to monomer, the lysine and glutamate headgroups in the peptide oligomer are expected to come in proximity enhancing ProCharTS intensity due to photoinduced electron transfer. With a combination of Aβ-derived switch-peptides and ProCharTS, we obtained structural insights on the early stages of Aβ-derived SwP aggregation in four unique peptides. Increase in scatter corrected ProCharTS absorbance (250–500 nm) and luminescence (320–720 nm) along with decreased mean luminescence lifetime (2.3–0.8 ns) characterize the initial stages of aggregation monitored for 1–96 h depending on the peptide. We correlated the results with Circular Dichroism (CD), 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and Thioflavin T (ThT) measurements. SignificanceWe demonstrate ProCharTS as an intrinsic analytical probe with following advantages over other conventional methods to track aggregation: it is a label-free probe; it's intensity can be measured using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer; it is more sensitive in detecting the early molecular events in aggregation compared to ANS and ThT; and it can provide information on specific contacts made between charged headgroups of Lysine/Glutamate in the oligomer.

Silicon Carbide Timepix3 detector for quantum-imaging detection and spectral tracking of charged particles in wide range of energy and field-of-view

The hybrid architecture of the Timepix (TPX) family of detectors enables the use of different semiconductor sensors, most commonly silicon (Si), as well as high-density materials such as Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) or Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). For this purpose, we explore the potential of a silicon carbide (SiC) sensor bump-bonded on a Timepix3 detector as a radiation imaging and particle tracking detector. SiC stands as a radiation-hard material also with the ability to operate at elevated temperatures up to several hundreds of degrees Celsius. As a result, this sensor material is more suitable for radiation harsh environments compared to conventional e.g., Si sensors. In this work, we evaluate the response for precise radiation spectrometry and high-resolution particle tracking of newly developed SiC Timepix3 detector which is built and operated as a compact radiation camera MiniPIX-Timepix3 with integrated readout electronics. Calibration measurements were conducted with mono-energetic proton beams with energies of 13, 22, and 31 MeV at the U-120M cyclotron at the Nuclear Physics Institute Czech Academy of Science (NPI CAS), Prague, as well as 100 and 226 MeV at the Proton Therapy Center Czech (PTC) in Prague. High-resolution pattern recognition analysis and single-particle spectral tracking are used for detailed inspection and understanding of the sensor response. Results include distributions of deposited energy and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra. The spatial uniformity of the pixelated detector response is examined in terms of homogeneously distributed deposited energy.

Intrauterine Drug Exposure—What the Pediatrician Needs to Know. Part 1: General Overview, Transplacental Drug Transfer, Teratogenicity, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Intrauterine Drug Exposure—What the Pediatrician Needs to Know. Part 1: General Overview, Transplacental Drug Transfer, Teratogenicity, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Analysis and Optimization of Cache-Enabled mmWave HetNets With Integrated Access and Backhaul

In millimeter wave heterogeneous networks with integrated access and backhaul (mABHetNets), a considerable part of spectrum resources are occupied by the backhaul link, which limits the performance of the access link. In order to overcome such backhaul “ <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">spectrum occupancy</i> ”, we introduce cache into mABHetNets. Caching popular files at small base stations (SBSs) can offload the backhaul traffic and transfer spectrum from the backhaul link to the access link. To approach the optimal performance of cache-enabled mABHetNets, we first analyze the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio distribution and derive the average potential throughput (APT) expression by stochastic geometric tools. Then, based on our analytical work, we formulate a joint optimization problem of cache decision and spectrum partition to maximize the APT. Inspired by the block coordinate descent (BCD) method, we propose a joint cache decision, spectrum partition and power allocation (JCSPA) algorithm to approach the optimal solution. Numerical results show the effectiveness and enhancement of the proposed algorithm. Besides, we verify the APT under different parameters and find that the introduction of cache facilitates the transfer of backhaul spectrum to access link. Jointly deploying appropriate caching capacity at SBSs and performing specified spectrum partition can bring up about 90% APT gain in mABHetNets.

Excitation Functions of Related Temperatures of η and η0 Emission Sources from Squared Momentum Transfer Spectra in High-Energy Collisions

The squared momentum transfer spectra of η and η0, produced in high-energy photon–proton (γp) →η(η0)+p processes in electron–proton (ep) collisions performed at CEBAF, NINA, CEA, SLAC, DESY, and WLS are analyzed. The Monte Carlo calculations are used in the analysis of the squared momentum transfer spectra, where the transfer undergoes from the incident γ to emitted η(η0) or equivalently from the target proton to emitted proton. In the calculations, the Erlang distribution and Tsallis–Levy function are used to describe the transverse momentum (pT) spectra of emitted particles. Our results show that the average transverse momentum (⟨pT⟩), the initial-state temperature (Ti), and the final-state temperature (T0) roughly decrease from the lower center-of-mass energy (W) to the higher one in the concerned energy range of a few GeV, which is different from the excitation function from heavy-ion collisions in the similar energy range.

Development of a SiC semiconductor-based dosimeter for evaluating clinical dose distribution in carbon ion cancer therapy fields

Dosimeters with excellent energy resolution are required to improve quality control and assurance (QA/QC) for heavy-ion cancer therapy, in which multiple species of ions are expected to be used. The conventional ionization chamber that is widely used for QA/QC generally does not support quality discrimination for different radiation species, and several types of energy-dispersive dosimeters are being studied for this application, including silicon semiconductors on insulator devices. Other wide bandgap semiconductors with good radiation hardness, including SiC and diamond, are being studied for use in cancer therapy ion fields. In this study, a 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diode was used for energy-dispersive dosimetry in the clinical carbon therapy field at Gunma University Medical Center for Heavy Ion Beam Medicine. The relative biological effectiveness was estimated from the linear energy transfer spectra for a pristine carbon beam with an energy of 290 MeV/n and a spread-out Bragg peak beam using the linear-quadratic model. The results showed that the SiC-based dosimeter could be used in the detailed characterization of the clinical dose distribution of carbon ion cancer therapy fields.

A Joint De-Rain and De-Mist Network Based on the Atmospheric Scattering Model.

Rain can have a detrimental effect on optical components, leading to the appearance of streaks and halos in images captured during rainy conditions. These visual distortions caused by rain and mist contribute significant noise information that can compromise image quality. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for simultaneously removing both streaks and halos from the image to produce clear results. First, based on the principle of atmospheric scattering, a rain and mist model is proposed to initially remove the streaks and halos from the image by reconstructing the image. The Deep Memory Block (DMB) selectively extracts the rain layer transfer spectrum and the mist layer transfer spectrum from the rainy image to separate these layers. Then, the Multi-scale Convolution Block (MCB) receives the reconstructed images and extracts both structural and detailed features to enhance the overall accuracy and robustness of the model. Ultimately, extensive results demonstrate that our proposed model JDDN (Joint De-rain and De-mist Network) outperforms current state-of-the-art deep learning methods on synthetic datasets as well as real-world datasets, with an average improvement of 0.29 dB on the heavy-rainy-image dataset.

Chiral helicene nanohoop in One- and Two-photon absorption and ECD spectra

The optical and spectral properties of helicene carbon nanoloops with Mobius topology are of great importance in nanoscience and nanotechnology. There are potential applications prospects in many fields. We theoretically investigate the ultraviolet optical properties of Möbius topological helicene carbon nanoloop by density of states, photoelectronic spectrum, the Independent gradient model, charge transfer spectrum and Electronic circular dichroism. This reveals a unique characterization of carbon nanoops using Mobius topology. Our results can not only provide insights into the physical mechanism of optical absorption of Mobius topological helicene carbon nanoloop, but also provide suggestions for potential applications of Mobius topological helicene carbon nanoloop in optical nanodevices.