Array Transducer Research Articles

Physics-based generative adversarial network for real-time acoustic holography.

Acoustic holography (AH) encodes the acoustic fields in high dimensions into two-dimensional holograms without information loss. Phase-only holography (POH) modulates only the phase profiles of the encoded hologram, establishing its superiority over alternative modulation schedules due to its information volume and storage efficiency. Moreover, POH implemented by a phased array of transducers (PAT) facilitates active and dynamic manipulation by independently modulating the phase of each transducer. However, existing algorithms for POH calculation suffer from a deficiency in terms of high fidelity and good real-time performance. Thus, a deep learning algorithm reinforced by the physical model, i.e. Angular Spectrum Method (ASM), is proposed to learn the inverse physical mapping from the target field to the source POH. This method comprises a generative adversarial network (GAN) evaluated by soft label, which is referred to as soft-GAN. Furthermore, to avoid the intrinsic limitation of neural networks on high-frequency features, a Y-Net structure is developed with two decoder branches in frequency and spatial domain, respectively. The proposed method achieves the reconstruction performance with a state-of-the-art (SOTA) Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 24.05dB. Experiment results demonstrated that the POH calculated by the proposed method enables accurate and real-time hologram reconstruction, showing enormous potential for applications.

In situ structural-functional synchronous dissection of dynamic neuromuscular system via an integrated multimodal wearable patch.

Neuromuscular abnormality is the leading cause of disability in adults. Understanding the complex interplay between muscle structure and function is crucial for effective treatment and rehabilitation. However, the substantial deformation of muscles during movement (up to 40%) poses challenges for accurate assessment. To address this, we developed a wearable structural-functional sensing patch (WSFP) that enables synchronous analysis of muscle structure and function. The WSFP incorporates a soft, stretchable electrode array for high-performance electrophysiological monitoring with low contact impedance and high stability. Its innovative design absorbs skin deformation stress, ensuring stable adhesion of a flexible ultrasound transducer array, offering higher-fidelity imaging. With dynamic tissue imaging, it allows real-time visualization of muscle structure. The WSFP achieves superior accuracy in dynamic action recognition and disease assessment compared to single-modal methods, maintaining stable operation during motion for up to 72 hours. This study advances neuromuscular system analysis and improves diagnostic precision.

The value of ultrasound viscosity imaging in preoperative differential diagnosis between malignant and benign breast lesions: Preliminary clinical applications.

To investigate the value of ultrasound viscosity imaging in preoperative differential diagnosis between malignant and benign breast lesions. This prospective study was approved by our institutional review board and informed consents were signed by all patients. Patients diagnosed with focal solid breast lesions who plan to undergo surgical or ultrasound guided core needle biopsy were included. A Mindray Resona R9 Elite diagnostic ultrasound system equipped with a linear array transducer (L15-3 MHz) was used. First BMUS was used to identify the lesions, afterwards, ultrasound viscosity imaging and shear wave elastography measurements were performed for each lesion. Viscosity (Pa*s) coefficient and shear-wave speed (m/s) of each breast lesion were measured. Taking the final histopathological results as the gold standard, the optimal cut-off value of viscosity and elastography values in differential diagnosis between malignant and benign breast lesions were evaluated. Diagnostic performance was assessed by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). From July 2023 to March 2024, 159 consecutive patients with a total of 184 solid breast lesions were included. Among which 74 (40.2%) malignant lesions and 110 (59.8%) benign ones were diagnosed according to the final histopathological results. The mean maximal viscosity coefficient (7.56±3.63 Pa*s) of malignant lesions was significantly higher than that of benign ones (4.52±2.33 Pa*s), whereas the mean maximal SWE value (6.53±1.87 m/s) of malignant lesions was also obviously higher than that of benign ones (4.80±1.62 m/s) (P < 0.05). The cut-off value for diagnosis of malignant breast tumors was 5.39 Pa*s for viscosity, with 75.68% sensitivity, 68.18% specificity and 0.763 AUROC (P < 0.05). When combined viscosity with SWE values, the sensitivity and specificity was 75.68% and 75.45%, with an-area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) 0.787. The value of viscosity measurement may provide additional value for preoperative non-invasive differential diagnosis between malignant and benign breast lesions.

A 2-D Circular Array Transducer for Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging of Tube

A 2-D Circular Array Transducer for Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging of Tube

Selective, Robust, and Precision Manipulation of Particles in Complex Environments With Ultrasonic Phased Transducer Array and Microscope

Selective, Robust, and Precision Manipulation of Particles in Complex Environments With Ultrasonic Phased Transducer Array and Microscope

Impact of Cell Layout on Bandwidth of Multi-Frequency Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Array.

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) show considerable promise for application in ultrasound imaging, but the limited bandwidth of the traditional PMUTs largely affects the imaging quality. This paper focuses on how to arrange cells with different frequencies to maximize the bandwidth and proposes a multi-frequency PMUT (MF-PMUT) linear array. Seven cells with gradually changing frequencies are arranged in a monotonic trend to form a unit, and 32 units are distributed across four lines, forming one element. To investigate how the arrangement of cells affects the bandwidth, three different arrays were designed according to the extent of unit aggregation from the same frequency. Underwater experiments were conducted to assess the acoustic performance, especially the bandwidth. We found that the densest arrangement of the same cells produced the largest bandwidth, achieving a 92% transmission bandwidth and a 50% burst-echo bandwidth at 6 MHz. The mechanism was investigated from the coupling point of view by finite element analysis and laser Doppler vibrometry, focusing on the cell displacements. The results demonstrated strong ultrasound coupling in the devices, resulting in larger bandwidths. To exploit the advanced bandwidth but reduce the crosstalk, grooves for isolation were fabricated between elements. This work proposes an effective strategy for developing advanced PMUT arrays that would benefit ultrasound imaging applications.

Delivering Volumetric Hyperthermia to Head and Neck Cancer Patient-Specific Models Using an Ultrasound Spherical Random Phased Array Transducer.

In exploring adjuvant therapies for head and neck cancer, hyperthermia (40-45 °C) has shown efficacy in enhancing chemotherapy and radiation, as well as the delivery of liposomal drugs. Current hyperthermia treatments, however, struggle to reach large deep tumors uniformly and non-invasively. This study investigates the feasibility of delivering targeted uniform hyperthermia deep into the tissue using a non-invasive ultrasound spherical random phased array transducer. Simulations in 3D patient-specific models for thyroid and oropharyngeal cancers assessed the transducer's proficiency. The transducer consisting of 256 elements randomly positioned on a spherical shell, operated at a frequency of 1 MHz with various phasing schemes and power modulations to analyze 40, 41, and 43 °C isothermal volumes and the penetration depth of the heating volume, along with temperature uniformity within the target area using T10, T50, and T90 temperatures, across different tumor models. Intensity distributions and volumetric temperature contours were calculated to define moderate hyperthermia boundaries. The results indicated the array's ability to produce controlled heating volumes from 1 to 48 cm3 at 40 °C, 0.35 to 27 cm3 at 41 °C, and 0.1 to 8 cm3 at 43 °C. The heating depths ranged from 7 to 39 mm minimum and 52 to 59 mm maximum, measured from the skin's inner surface. The transducer, with optimal phasing and water-cooled bolus, confined the heating to the targeted regions effectively. Multifocal sonications also improved the heating homogeneity, reducing the length-to-diameter ratio by 38% when using eight foci versus a single one. This approach shows potential for treating a range of tumors, notably deep-seated and challenging oropharyngeal cancers.

Ultra High-Frequency Ultrasound of Median Nerve Fascicles at the Wrist in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study.

High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) of muscle and nerve has the potential to be a reliable, responsive, and informative biomarker of disease progression for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). High-frequency ultrasound is not able to visualize median nerve fascicles to the same extent as ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS). Evaluating the number and size of fascicles within a nerve may facilitate a better understanding of nerve diseases. This exploratory study aims to image median nerve fascicles at the wrist in individuals with ALS using UHFUS and compare these findings with those from previously observed controls. Fifteen individuals with ALS underwent sonographic examination of the median nerves on each upper limb using UHFUS with a 48-MHz linear array transducer. Fascicle count and density in each examined nerve were determined by a single rater. Demographic and sonographic data from 20 previously studied controls were compared. In individuals with ALS, the average fascicle number was 22.4 (SD 5.2) and average fascicle density 1.7 (SD 0.5). There was no significant difference in fascicle counts between individuals with ALS and controls. Fascicular quantification using UHFUS is possible in individuals with ALS. Given the lack of appreciable difference between fascicle counts in individuals with ALS and controls, UHFUS of the median nerve at the wrist may not be a responsive biomarker for ALS disease progression.

Noninvasive therapeutic ultrasound to increase perfusion in chronic limb-threatening ischemia: An early feasibility study.

Preclinical studies have demonstrated that therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) increases perfusion in peripheral artery disease (PAD). This pilot study assessed the safety and effectiveness of a noninvasive TUS device in patients with advanced PAD. A phased array of TUS transducers was fabricated on a wearable sleeve, designed to sonicate the posterior and anterior tibial arteries (and their collaterals) at the calf level. Twelve patients with PAD (Rutherford classes 3-5) were enrolled in a single-arm study in which they underwent 30-40 daily 90-minute TUS sessions to the diseased limb. Changes in pedal flow and tissue oxygenation (StO2) were measured by laser speckle and spatial frequency domain imaging, respectively. A subset of five patients underwent evaluation by laser Doppler, transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2), and quality of life questionnaires (Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire [VascuQoL] and the Walking Impairment Questionnaire [WIQ]). Eleven out of 12 enrolled patients completed the study. During 90-minute TUS sessions pedal flow improved by 180% (p < 0.001) on laser speckle imaging, and 18% (p = 0.12) on laser Doppler. Tissue oxygenation improved by 18% (p = 0.43) on TcPO2 and by 6% (p = 0.097) on StO2. After all sessions, tissue oxygenation improved by 17% (p = 0.020) on StO2, without significant changes in laser Doppler (+39%, p = 0.41) or TcPO2 (-3%, p = 0.70), which was largely in the normal range (56 ± 15 mmHg) at baseline. VascuQoL improved by 2.4 points (14%, p = 0.080) and WIQ improved by 8.2 points (11%, p = 0.053). TUS for patients with symptomatic PAD was safe and well tolerated. Most metrics of tissue perfusion and oxygenation improved, but future sham-controlled studies are needed and planned.

Omnidirectional and Multi‐Material In Situ 3D Printing Using Acoustic Levitation

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is critical in modern production with advanced applications across various domains. However, achieving omnidirectional printing that can adapt to varying substrate geometries is still a challenge. Moreover, multi‐material in situ printing without cross‐contamination presents another hurdle. In this study, an acoustophoretic 3D fabrication system capable of omnidirectional and multi‐material in situ 3D printing is reported using acoustic levitation. This system harnesses a phased array of transducers (PAT) to finely tune the ultrasonic field, generating acoustophoretic forces that levitate and transport objects in mid‐air. It allows omnidirectional in situ printing of materials onto complex substrates with diverse orientations in a contactless and voxel‐by‐voxel manner. It is capable of manipulating a broad spectrum of materials, including liquids with zero‐shear viscosities from 1 to 5,000,000 mPa·s, as well as solids. AcoustoFab has successfully printed structural, conductive, and biological materials in varying directions on complex substrates. Additionally, the contactless approach enables in situ printing safely on a delicate surface, as demonstrated by printing on a human hand. The flexibility and versatility of this approach demonstrate promising applications in areas ranging from biomedical engineering to industrial manufacturing.

Focal liver lesions: multiparametric microvasculature characterization via super-resolution ultrasound imaging

BackgroundNoninvasive and functional imaging of the focal liver lesion (FLL) vasculature at microscopic scales is clinically challenging. We investigated the feasibility of using super-resolution ultrasound (SR-US) imaging for visualizing and quantifying the microvasculature of intraparenchymal FLLs.MethodsPatients with FLLs between June 2022 and February 2023 were prospectively screened. Following bolus injection of microbubbles at clinical concentration, SR-US was performed using a high frame rate (350–500 Hz) modified ultrasound scanner and a convex array transducer with a central frequency of 3.1 MHz.ResultsIn total, 47 pathologically proven FLLs at a depth of 5.7 ± 1.7 cm (mean ± standard deviation) were included: 30 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), 11 liver metastases (LM), and 6 focal nodular hyperplasias (FNH). The smallest detectable vessel size of the hepatic microvasculature was 128.4 ± 18.6 μm (mean ± standard deviation) at a depth of 8 cm. Significant differences were observed among the three types of lesions in terms of pattern categories, vessel density, minimum flow velocity, and perfusion index. We observed higher vessel density for FNH versus liver parenchyma (p < 0.001) as well as fractal dimension and local flow direction entropy value for FNH versus HCC (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively) and for FNH versus LM (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002, respectively).ConclusionMultiparametric SR-US showed that these three pathological types of FLLs have specific microvascular phenotypes. Vessel density, fractal dimension and local flow direction entropy served as valuable parameters in distinguishing between benign and malignant FLLs.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06018142).Relevance statementMultiparametric SR-US imaging offers precise morphological and functional assessment of the microvasculature of intraparenchymal focal liver lesions, providing insights into tumor heterogeneity and angiogenesis.Key PointsSuper-resolution (SR)-US imaging allowed morphological and functional evaluation of intraparenchymal hepatic lesion microvasculature.Hepatocellular carcinoma, liver metastasis, and focal nodular hyperplasia exhibit distinct microvascular architectures and hemodynamic profiles.Multiparametric microvasculature characterization via SR-US imaging facilitates the differentiation between benign and malignant microvascular phenotypes.Graphical

A robust and computationally efficient guided wave tomography of pipes

ABSTRACT Guided wave ultrasonic tomography of pipe usually uses the helical modes propagated between parallel transducer arrays to compensate for the missing incident angle . Nevertheless, separating mixed signals from various helical modes during inversion is challenging, and this method necessitates multiple replications of the two-dimensional unfolding area , leading to high computational costs. It also faces practical problems such as environmental noise, transducer differences, and poor coupling . To address these problems, this paper proposes a finite difference method that utilizes helical mode information without multiple replications or the need to separate signals. Additionally, an objective function based on zero-delay cross-correlation is employed to mitigate the effects of noise, transducer inconsistencies, and coupling issues that distort signal amplitudes. The proposed method reduces the inversion space of high-order helical modes of the pipeline to the area of a two-dimensional unfolding, and improves the reliability and accuracy of inversion through objective function optimisation. In numerical simulations, the algorithm achieves thickness loss imaging with errors less than 0.1 mm and demonstrates good performance in experimental tests .

Efficient Snell’s law solution for generating robust acoustic tweezers in dual-layered media

Acoustic tweezers can trap and manipulate a target along a desired path without physical contact. Potential applications of this technology may require the propagation of acoustic waves through non-homogeneous media. It is typically assumed that the acoustic impedance of media is the same. However, this assumption leads to reduced efficiency in both the trapping accuracy and strength of the acoustic tweezers. In this study, we propose a method to derive phases driving an 8x8 array of ultrasonic transducers using generalized Snell’s law to account for the variation in the speed of sound between media layers of planar or non-planar interfaces. The results indicate that the tweezers formed with our approach maintain their patterns and trapping capability at selected trapping locations. In addition, our method significantly enhances the trapping accuracy and force, achieving up to ten times greater force and more accurate alignment with the selected trapping points compared to the previous method that assumes a uniform speed of sound.

High-accuracy detection and location of gas leaks based on adaptive weighted data fusion using an ultrasonic transducer array

This paper proposes a gas leak detection and location method with high accuracy based on an adaptive weighted data fusion algorithm using an ultrasonic transducer array. First, the approximate entropy theory is combined with a support vector machine (SVM) to judge whether there is a gas leak, achieving a recognition accuracy of 95.69%. Once a leak is identified, a leak localisation algorithm is applied. To obtain more stable features and reduce environmental noise, the sound pressure amplitude and time-delay difference are extracted using an optimised signal processing method and normalised least mean squares (NLMS) adaptive filter, respectively. The energy decay (ED) localisation algorithm is then fused with the time difference of arrival (TDOA) algorithm to determine the location of the leak. Experimental results demonstrate that under a pressure of 15 kPa in the measured container with a distance of 1 m between the leak and transducer array, the location error is within 5 mm, which is more accurate than previously proposed methods. Additionally, the adaptive weighted data fusion algorithm overcomes the limitations of the TDOA and ED algorithms.

Fractional Fourier Transform-Based Signal Separation for Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection of Plates.

Detecting defects in plates is crucial across various industries due to safety risks. While ultrasonic bulk waves offer point-by-point inspections, they are time-consuming and limited in coverage. In contrast, guided waves enable the rapid inspection of larger areas. Array transducers are typically used for more efficient coverage, but conventional excitation methods require sufficient time delays between the excitation of array elements that prolong inspection time, necessitating data acquisition time optimization. Reducing time delays can lead to signal overlapping, complicating signal separation. Conventional frequency domain or time-domain filtering methods often yield unsatisfactory separation results due to the signal overlapping in both domains. This study focuses on the application of the Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) for separating overlapping ultrasonic signals, leveraging the FrFT's ability to distinguish signals that overlap in both the time and frequency domains. Numerical simulations and experiments were conducted to investigate the FrFT's separation performance for guided waves inspection with array transducers. Results showed that a smaller time delay worsened separation, while using a chirp signal with a broader bandwidth improved separation for signals of fixed duration. Additionally, the effect of signal dispersion on the results was minimal. The findings confirm that the FrFT can effectively separate overlapping signals, enhancing time efficiency in guided wave inspections using array transducers.

In-situ monitoring of µm-sized electrochemically generated corrosion pits using Lamb waves managed by a sparse array of piezoelectric transducers

Corrosion is a major threat in the aeronautic industry, both in terms of safety and cost. Efficient, versatile, and cost affordable solutions for corrosion monitoring are thus needed. Ultrasonic Lamb Waves (LW) appear to be very efficient for corrosion monitoring and can be made cost effective and versatile if emitted and received by a sparse array of piezoelectric elements (PZT). A LW solution relying on a sparse PZT array and allowing to monitor µm-sized corrosion pit growth on stainless 316L grade steel plate is here evaluated. Experimentally, the corrosion pit size is electrochemically controlled by both the imposed electrical potential and the injection of a corrosive NaCl solution through a capillary located at the desired pit location. In parallel, the corrosion pit growth is monitored in-situ every 10 s by sending and measuring LW using a sparse array of 4 PZTs bonded to the back of the steel plate enduring corrosion. As a ground truth information, the corrosion pit volume is estimated as the dissolved volume balancing the electronic charges exchanged during corrosion. The corrosion pit radius is additionally checked post-experiment precisely with an optical measurement. Measured LW signals are then post-processed in order to compute a collection of synthetic damage indexes (DIs). After dimension reduction steps, obtained DI values correlates extremely well with the corrosion pit radius. Using a linear model relating those DI values to corrosion pit radius, it is demonstrated that corrosion pit from 30 µm to 150 µm can be reliably detected, located, and their upcoming size extrapolated. Two independent experiments were achieved in order to ensure the repeatability of the proposed approach. LW managed by a sparse PZT array thus appears to be reliable and efficient to monitor growth of µm-sized corrosion pits on 316L steel plates. If embedded in aeronautical structure, such an approach could be a versatile and cost-effective alternative to actual non-destructive maintenance procedures that are time and manpower consuming.

Multi focus acoustic field generation using Dammann gratings for phased array transducers

Phased array transducers can shape acoustic fields for versatile manipulation; however, generating multiple focal points typically involves complex optimization. This study demonstrates that Dammann gratings – binary phase gratings originally used in optics to generate equal-intensity spot arrays – can be adapted for acoustics to create multiple equal-strength focal points with a phased array transducer. The transducer elements were assigned phases of 0 or π, based on a Dammann grating defined by its transition points. Simulations show that simple gratings with two transition points can generate fields with up to 12 focal points of nearly equal acoustic pressures. Compared to conventional multi-focus phase optimization techniques, the Dammann grating approach offers computational efficiency and facile reconfiguration of the focal pattern by adjusting the grating hologram. We tested this approach in numerical simulations with a hypothetical high-resolution array, achieving up to 12 focal points, and validated the efficacy of the Dammann grating in a conventional 16x16 transducer array through both simulations and experiments. This comparison highlights that while Dammann gratings effectively generate multi-focus fields, the recreation ability of these gratings in a conventional array shows a lower resolution than the hypothetical array. This study underlines the potential of adapting binary phase functions from photonics to enhance ultrasound-based acoustic manipulation for tasks requiring parallel actuation at multiple points.

Twice reflected ultrasonic bulk wave for surface defect monitoring

This work offers an ultrasonic structural health monitoring (SHM) approach for assessing the defects located on the same surface and at one side of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer array. It is based on the analysis of ultrasonic bulk wave travelling in the thickness direction obtained from an enhanced full-skip configuration of the time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) technique. In contrast to existing TOFD setup only considering the direct paths between the ultrasonic transducer and defect, our ultrasound monitoring configuration involves twice reflected ultrasonic bulk wave (TRBW). The TRBW travels following the propagation route from an ultrasonic transmitter located at the same side of the defect initiated, the backwall, the defect tip, the backwall again and finally to the same or another ultrasonic transducer. Both theoretical analyses and experimental validations have been conducted in our study. A simplified algorithm for efficient detection and mapping the growth of a surface defect in an aluminum alloy block has been demonstrated with an incremental surface defect growth starting from 2.80 mm in depth, in which conformable direct-write ultrasonic transducers (DWT) made of in-situ piezoelectric coating are implemented. Our approach provides an ultrasonic method for effective monitoring the near surface defects with the ultrasonic transducers conveniently implemented on the same surface and at the same side of the defects.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Dynamic High-Resolution Ultrasonography in Assessing Anterior Disc Displacement in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of dynamic high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) in detecting anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) and anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWoR) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Methods: A total of 144 TMJs was categorized into three groups according to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, which served as the reference standard: the normal disc position (NDP) group, the ADDWR group, and the ADDWoR group. Static images of the TMJ in full opening and maximum intercuspal positions, along with dynamic sequences during jaw opening, were obtained utilizing a 14 MHz L-shaped linear array transducer. The diagnostic efficacy of dynamic HRUS for identifying ADDWR and ADDWoR was evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the Youden index. Results: According to the MRI findings, the NDP, ADDWR, and ADDWoR groups consisted of 42 (29.2%), 47 (32.6%), and 55 (38.2%) TMJs, respectively. HRUS data revealed 54 TMJs (37.5%) in the NDP group, 26 TMJs (18.1%) in the ADDWR group, and 64 TMJs (44.4%) in the ADDWoR group. With MRI as the reference standard, HRUS exhibited a diagnostic accuracy of 71.4%, sensitivity of 51.4%, and specificity of 91.4% for ADDWR. For the ADDWoR, HRUS attained a diagnostic accuracy of 86.5%, sensitivity of 90.0%, and specificity of 82.1%. Conclusions: With MRI serving as the reference standard, dynamic HRUS has high diagnostic value for ADDWoR, with better diagnostic accuracy than ADDWR. Ultrasonography has the potential to be used as a highly effective and non-invasive imaging modality for the early screening of ADD in future clinical practice.

Full-view volumetric photoacoustic imaging using a hemispheric transducer array combined with an acoustic reflector.

Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) has evoked extensive interest for applications in preclinical and clinical research. However, the current systems suffer from the limited view provided by detection setups, thus impeding the sufficient acquisition of intricate tissue structures. Here, we propose an approach to enable fast 3D full-view imaging. A hemispherical ultrasonic transducer array combined with a planar acoustic reflector serves as the ultrasonic detection device in the PACT system. The planar acoustic reflector can create a mirrored virtual transducer array, and the detection view range can be enlarged to cover approximately 3.7 steradians in our detection setup. To verify the effectiveness of our proposed configuration, we present the imaging results of a hair phantom, an in vivo zebrafish larva, and a leaf skeleton phantom. Furthermore, the real-time dynamic imaging capacity of this system is demonstrated by observing the movement of zebrafish within 2 s. This strategy holds great potential for both preclinical and clinical research by providing more detailed and comprehensive images of biological tissues.