Transbaikal Region Research Articles

Evidences of Wooden Materials Utilization in Construction of Medieval Mongolian Towns in Eastern Trans-Baikal Region (13th – 14th CC.)

Findings of structures remains discovered during excavations on Medieval Mongolian Sites in Eastern Trans-Baikal Region were summarized in the article. They were excavated during exploration of Alestui Mansion, at Khirkhira fortress, as well as at Konduy town site. The similar findings at Sutai Mansion in Buryatia, at Den-Terek fortress in Tuva, Karakorum, Shangdu, at Avraga fortress in Mongolia can be drawn on for comparison. In addition to traditional archaeological methods of the material investigation, an anatomical study of wood has been accomplished at Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEBRAS (Vladivostok). The study results evidence that some of samples collected belongs to Pinaceae, and one of them is the wood of Larix gmelinii or Dahurian Larch, vegetated in this region. Despite of rarity and fragmentariness of this kind of sources on Medieval sites of Central Asia and Far East, it was found out that the wood of local origin was utilized by the Mongols for monumental objects construction. This research is only a part of work on construction materials investigation of Medieval Mongolian Archaeological Culture.

Pożegnalny podarunek dla prof. Juliana Talko-Hryncewicza w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie

Julian Talko-Hryncewicz (1850–1936) was a Polish physician, anthropologist and ethnographer. At the beginning of the 1890s, he took the position of a district physician in Troitskosavsk in the Transbaikal region. During his stay there, in addition to his medical practice, Talko-Hryncewicz conducted anthropological research and excavations in Siberia. At that time, along with some educated inhabitants of Kyakhta, he founded the local Department of the Imperial Geographical Society. This article discusses a gift donated to him by members of the Troitskosavsko-Kyakhtinsky Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society in Saint Petersburg in recognition of his work for the local community. The gift consisted of a diploma (so-called “address”) in a decorative binding and a luxurious document folder inserted into an imposing case. It was handed to Talko-Hryncewicz on April 29, 1908. The reason for the gift was his departure for Kraków where he was to take the chair of anthropology at the Jagiellonian University. In 1932 the new owner then donated the gift be added to the collection of the National Museum in Kraków. It is currently stored in the Department of Decorative Art and Material Culture.

Geopolitics as an “Arbitrator” in the Economic Competition of Trans-Baikal Cities (Mid 19th - Early 20th Century)

The article is devoted to the economic rivalry of two Trans-Baikal cities, such as the chief town of the district Verkhneudinsk and the regional town Chita, for the leadership in the region which began with the foundation of the Trans-Baikal region and the appointment of Chita as its capital. Unspoken competition was manifested in determining the status and role in the Trans-Baikal economic area, the place in the regional market system, and the development of banking and railway infrastructure. Despite the fact that Verkhneudinsk had better starting opportunities (a higher level of economic and cultural development), it was almost always in the role of the one which catches up. The status of the administrative center of the Trans-Baikal Region gave Chita the opportunity to «work ahead of the curve». However, the victory in the final round of the competition remained with the chief town of the district, which, however, did not manage to take advantage of its fruits. The author's task is to reconstruct the stages of this peculiar competition and determine the factors that influenced its outcome. The analysis of the sources, first of all, the documents of the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia, allowed to make the conclusion that the decisions made by the imperial center in relation to both cities were based on the geopolitical factor. It was the task of strengthening Russian influence in the Far East that dictated the deployment of infrastructure facilities in Trans-Baikal cities, which increased their economic status.

Problems of Land Tenure and Land Use of the Trans-Baikal Buryats and its Solution by the National Authorities

The article is devoted to the problem of land tenure and land use by the Buryat population in the Trans-Baikal region at the beginning of the XX century, before the formation of the BMASSR, which became the main one in the self-preservation of the ethnos. If the national movement and the struggle for autonomy have been well studied in historiography, the regulation of land relations is the main motive for activating the national movement and the demand for autonomy. The article is based on published and unpublished materials of the Burnatskom, the Far Eastern Republic and the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Region. The author used microhistorical approach, as well as historical, narrative and comparative methods, which made it possible to study the historical events of 1900–1923 in the field of land relations in Transbaikalia against the historical background of events taking place in the country, in close connection with changes in political conditions and the formation of administrative and state structures. It was believed that the Buryats had more land, therefore at the beginning of the 20th century. According to the land reform, the withdrawal to the “state colonization fund” for the resettlement of immigrants increased and the unauthorized seizure of the land of the Buryats by Russian peasants during the revolutionary period increased. The tsarist government reduced the land holdings of the Buryats in order to switch them to agricultural economy, despite the ineffectiveness of its distribution. A great inconvenience for land use was the artificially created striped distribution of land between the Buryat and Russian populations. The problems of land tenure and land use became one of the incentives of the national movement and the formation of its governing body – the Buryat National Committee (Burnatskom), whose main task was the establishment of national autonomy, within which land problems must be resolved. Burnatskom managed to create an aimak administration, which was able to exist during the period of the Provisional Government, and during the years of the civil war. With the formation of the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Region as part of the Far Eastern Republic, the problem of land tenure and land use by the Buryat population remained open in connection with the continuing seizure of Buryat lands by Russian peasants. Despite the new legislation of the Far Eastern Republic and the RSFSR, the land issue in the BMAO was not resolved. Keywords: Trans-Baikal region, Buryats, land use, land tenure, national movement, Burnatskom, Buryat- Mongolian Autonomous Region

Artistic Work of Polish Exiles in the Trans-Baikal Region of Russia in the Second Half of the 19th Century

Polish political exiles to Siberia of the latter half of the 1800s were involved in many aspects of the social and cultural life of the time in the Trans-Baikal Region of Russia. However, in contrast to their scholarly research conducted while in exile, their artistic activities have never been a topic of independent studies. The objective of this paper is to study artistic work of Polish exiles in the context of penal labor and penal settlements. When developing the topic of this study, the author relied on fundamental research principles and methods. Using a broad range of archive materials and private sources, the author describes the artistic journeys of the most famous Polish artists in exile who left a prominent legacy in the Trans-Baikal artistic life of the time. When working on the topic of the article, the author used the following methods of historical research: analysis of written sources, bibliographic method, historical and genetic method. While being formally convicted to penal labor in the mines and factories of Nerchinsk mining region, some Polish exiles were not actually required to engage in hard labor. The most artistically minded among them were looking for the opportunities to selfeducate themselves and engage in artistic activities. The author identified several previously unknown facts associated with the artistic legacy of Polish exiles. Against the backdrop of Polish deportation in the 1800s, the author reconstructed the artistic work of Jozef Baerkman and Stanislaw Wronski. During their time in the Siberian penal system, Polish artists created paintings, taxidermic works, and illustrations to the scholarly works of Benedykt Dybowski. However, their most active creative period began when they were released from hard labor and settled in penal colonies. Today, some works of Polish artists in exile created during the second half of the 19th century are part of collections of regional museums. Keywords: Polish exiles, Polish artists, artistic activity, Trans-Baikal region, Stanislaw Wronski, Jozef Baerkman

Historian and Teacher: to the 70th Anniversary of Lyudmila G. Romanova

The article is devoted to the life of the teacher, candidate of historical sciences, associate professor Lyudmila G. Romanova. 2021 is anniversary year – Lyudmila G. Romanova will be 70-year-old in October. Some facts from the biography of Lyudmila G. are written in the article, the brief information of scientific and pedagogical activities, the list of main articles attached. The article shows the organizational activities of Romanova at the faculty Institute of social political systems and Department of History, her pedagogical talent. The article shows Lyudmila G. Romanova's scientific interests with public demands of Chita city and Transbaikal region.Romanova made a significant contribution to the development of historical science and general educational disciplines of Chita Polytechnical Institute (Transbaikal state university). Keywords: Chita Polytechnical Institute, Historical Faculty of ISU, teacher, scientist, Transbaikal region

“A Real Gift” (on the Edition of “Anthology on the Literature of Transbaikalia”)

This article is a review of the publication “Anthology on the Literature of Transbaikalia” (Chita, 2020). It is the first of its kind, intended for students to be used in the integrated course “Transbaikal studies”. The publication was funded by Genesis Company LLC, co-authored by O. E. Nadelyaeva, head of the Competence Development Center of Genesis Company. The anthology includes works by 25 authors from Transbaikalia, including well-known names as well as less familiar ones. The anthology is undoubtedly of interest not only to students, but also to a wide audience. However, the author of the review points out that some fundamental names of Transbaikal literature are left out of the edition: Avvakum, Fedor Baldauf, Alexander Cherkasov, Nikita Sakharov, Konstantin Sedykh, Vasily Balyabin, Zhamyan Baldanzhabon, Nikolay Yashchenko, Oleg Petrov and many others. Not only authors, but the whole periods of Transbaikal history, consecrated in literary works, have dropped out of the reader’s bibliography. Thus, there is not a single work about the time of revolutions, the Civil War, or even the Great Patriotic War (apart from poems). The author notes the discrepancy between the contents of this publication and the basic regional documents (the “Concept” and “Programme”) on the regional component of education, and the need for the educational authorities to monitor the quality of the educational literature. On the positive side, the readiness of private businesses to invest in the publication of educational literature is highlighted. This publication of textbook stands out against the general background of successful development of the integrated educational course “Transbaikal Studies”. Keywords: Transbaikal Region, anthology on the literature of Transbaikalia, Transbaikal writers, regional component of education, “Transbaikal Studies”

Exploring the Cave Rock Art of Siberian Trans-Baikal: Fertility, Shamanism, and Gender

Abstract The paper explores the phenomenon of rock art found in and around rock art cavities in Trans-Baikal region of South-East Siberia. Although many researchers noticed that caves have had a special value in cultures around the globe, no research has been carried out specifically into the cave rock art of Trans-Baikal which was not distinguished from other rock art found in open localities and shelters. This study was conducted based on field data collected by the author in 2017. In order to answer the question whether the cave sites had a specific role in the cultures of Bronze Age Trans-Baikal, the sets of motifs of the cave sites were compared to those of the closest open sites. Drawing on the stylistic difference revealed by the analysis and landscape context, it is suggested that the cave rock art sites could be places where rituals of more restricted nature took place. Ethnographic records may imply that these ceremonies were aimed at the fertility increasing being performed by shamans or shamannesses or without their assistance. It is also possible that the ceremonies could be gender-exclusive, conducted only for women, although this interpretation needs further research.

Mobilization in everyday life of the population of Trans-Baikal Region during the period of “Chinese complications” (1900-1901)

The object of this research is the everyday life of Trans-Baikal Region during the military-political conflict. The official name of the conflict was “Military Campaign in China 1900-1901”, but in common practice it was called “Chinese complications” and “danger on the borders”. The subject of this research is mobilization in everyday life of the population of Trans-Baikal Region during the period of “Chinese complications” (1900-1901). The author examines the impact of mobilization upon life of the population, which behavioral strategies and psychological reactions were prevalent, assessments of the population regarding the causes of the conflict and its consequences for Trans-Baikal region, what and what language was used to describe it. In the analysis of newspaper materials, the article employed the methods of determining semantic-lexical elements; considered the methodological ideas of studying everyday life as a correlation between power strategies and tactics of everyday life. It was established that the population identified mobilization with uncontrolled natural disasters and catastrophic events, such as crop setback, floods, and large-scale epizootics. Mobilization alongside the Russia-China conflict overall, did not entail a surge of anti-Chinese sentiments, although incited xenophobia. The author explores the main issues of everyday life determined by mobilization and measures taken by the regional authorities aimed at ensuring security of the border areas and preventing famine. Analysis is conducted on the ideological and informational role of the church. The Trans-Baikal Church led the charity work, and all priests were authorized to accept donations.

Flake-thrust structures and their role in gold deposits formation within Trans-Baikal region

The significant role of tectonometamorphic gold mineralization style thrust structures in the formation of some gold deposits (Kultuminskoye, Andryushkinskoye, Sepchugur, etc.) within Trans-Baikal region is shown. Thrust structures may present certain prospects for major relatively low-grade gold deposit prospecting, which requires a reassessment of some deposits.

Types, structure and location of fractured gold pockets

Fractured gold ore pockets of various types are classified and their structure is described in detail. This will allow explorationists to confirm high-grade gold ores, which is especially important in underground deposit mining. Gold pockets were mapped and analyzed by the author at deposits in Uzbekistan (Muruntau, Daugyz, Charmitan, Kokpatas), eastern Trans-Baikal region (Darasun, Balei, etc.) and Kochkarskoye (South Urals). Also, the paper describes the material collected by the author at gold pockets in Natalkinskoye, Nezhdaninskoye, Pavlik and Kyuchus deposits in Yakutia, Berikul in Western Siberia, Bakyrchik in Kazakhstan as well as deposits from Australia (Kalgoorlie, Northman, etc.), USA (Comstock, etc.), Canada (Porcupine), among others.

Paleocryogenesis and erosional landform development in the Baikal region, Siberia, during the second half of the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene

In the Cis- and Trans-Baikal regions of the southern part of Eastern Siberia, the detailed study and dating of geoarchaeological deposits and the erosion channel network (gullies, floodplains, and river terraces), along with the interpretation of high-resolution satellite images, have revealed areas of modern cryogenic processes as well as horizons with cryoturbations from the second half of the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene (MIS 3–1). Modern cryogenic landforms are found in swampy areas on gentle slopes, floodplains, and river terraces and are mainly represented by cryogenic cracks, hummocks, and thaw sinks; in river beds they are represented by icings. This paper establishes the formation ages of cryogenic horizons and distinguishes the permafrost phenomena of MIS 3–1.The stages of cryogenesis are associated with cold events, permafrost aggradation, the activation of cryogenic processes, and ice wedge polygon relief formation. During interglacials and interstadials, climate warming lead to permafrost degradation, ice thawing, active layer growth, erosion, cryokarst (thermokarst) development, suffusion, the acceleration of slope processes, the infilling of cryogenic relief forms, erosion network changes, the activation of erosion-accumulative processes, and sedimentation in river valleys.The second half of the Late Pleistocene contains five stages of active cryogenesis (49–42 k, 38–32.5 k, 29–23 k, 21–14.5 k, 12.9–11.7 k cal. BP),11Most dates are calibrated BP. Uncalibrated dates are presented as BP. each of which can be further divided into shorter phases. For example, in the Nadeino section (Western Trans-Baikal), three layers are distinguished with cryoturbations dated ~14.5–14.4 k, ~12.7–12.5 k, and 11.9–11.7 k cal. BP. In the Nizhniaia Bulanka section, one cryogenic horizon (formed at ~12.8–11.8 k cal. BP) was identified. Cryogenic horizons are categorized as syngenetic or epigenetic depending on the formation process.Polygonal-block reliefs (hummocks) are clearly visible in high-resolution space images of river basins on floodplains, terraces, watersheds, and gentle slopes within arable lands. These hummocks range from 4 to 50 m wide and 0.5–3 m high, and are divided by swales and hollows. The paleocryogenic relief on the watersheds and slopes formed in Early MIS 2 (29–23 k cal. BP) and, subsequently, experienced several stages of aggradation and degradation, resulting in a hummocky-hollow relief with sporadic permafrost distribution. Degradation of the permafrost during Late Glacial (15–11 k BP) and Early Holocene warming caused the formation of thermokarst (cryokarst), sheet and gully erosion, suffusion, sedimentation in river valleys, and changes in the microrelief of the upper links of the erosion network. Existing dells, rills, and gullies are the modern manifestations of paleocryogenic depressions and troughs.

Problems associated with the age determination of the oldest pottery yielding cultural layers at the Studenoe 1 site, Transbaikal (southern Siberia)

Two opinions exist regarding the appearance of the oldest pottery in the Transbaikal Region, Russia— (1) in the early Neolithic during the Holocene Atlantic optimum (6.5–5.5 ka Cal yr BP), or (2) during the Taymir Warm period of the Sartan Glacial (12.0–10.8 ka Cal yr BP)— both derived from the same archaeological component, Cultural Layer 9, at the Studenoe 1 Site. Here we scrutinized data related to the geochronology of early ceramic-yielding layers at Studenoe 1. Results show that the radiocarbon dates between 15,080 and 12,720 Cal yr BP contradict site stratigraphy which consists of vertically accreting overbank deposits and buried soil horizons that developed during periods of landscape stability. Palynological and stable-carbon isotope analyses also show inconsistencies with the calibrated radiocarbon dates. We do not yet know the reason for these anomalies, however, it may be that alpine glacier and permafrost thawing, and the subsequent supply of older carbon into the Chikoi River, ceased during cold periods, but accelerated during terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene warm periods, causing a systematic error of older radiocarbon dates.

Environmental conditions and the emergence of ceramics in the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene at the Krasnaya Gorka site in the Transbaikal region, Southern Siberia

New investigations of the Krasnaya Gorka site suggest the emergence of pottery in the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene in the Transbaikal region. Several new AMS dates obtained for the early ceramic cultural layer 2 indicate an age between 13900-10500 cal BP. The results of palynological studies of the Krasnaya Gorka deposits are given in the paper for the first time, and the Late Pleistocene-Holocene environmental changes were reconstructed. Pollen data obtained from the Krasnaya Gorka profile showed cold and dry Late Pleistocene environmental conditions. The regional climate became milder and more humid around 13900–12700 cal BP, which corresponds to the Allerød interstadial thus corroborating the radiocarbon age results. The warmest interval of the Late Pleistocene occurred around 13500 cal BP. Between 12700 and 11800 cal BP, cooling probably corresponds to the cold and dry event of the Younger Dryas. There is some stratigraphical in deposits of the Krasnaya Gorka archeological site. The deposits forming in the early Holocene and beginning of the middle Holocene most likely were removed by erosion. Warming and increased humidity occurred in middle of the late Holocene (2700-1800 cal BP). During the late Holocene, the climate was unstable. Beginning 400 cal BP, the vegetation of the region acquired its modern appearance. Some published materials concerning reconstructions of paleoclimate in the region of Ust’-Karenga XII, Studenoe I, and Ust’-Menza I are considered in the context of general characteristics of the region. Therefore, both palynological reconstructions and radiocarbon dates place the earliest ceramics from Krasnaya Gorka within the final stage of the Late Pleistocene – Early Holocene between 13900-10500 cal BP.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF MAN LIVING IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF RESEARCH

The author aims to present fundamentals of the psychological adaptation conception researching the population that were born and live in ecologically unfavourable living environment. Psychological adaptation is assumed to be a systemic characteristic of the man-living environment (natural and social) system. The empirical study revealed common but not equal in intensity decrease of psychological adaptation indices performed by subjects who were born and live in Transbaikal Region. The author believes that the discovered decrease is the consequence of the realized special – that of the strategy of minimizing adaptation.

Сравнительный анализ изменчивости формы семенных чешуй шишек Larix dahurica и L. cajanderi (Pinaceae)

Сравнительный анализ изменчивости формы семенных чешуй шишек Larix dahurica и L. cajanderi (Pinaceae)

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ АНТИКОРРУПЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТью И ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ УМВД РОССИИ ПО ЗАБАЙКАЛЬСКОМУ КРАЮ КАК ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС

The article is relevant, since it provides an assessment of anti-corruption policy as a political process at the regional and local levels. Purpose of the article: to identify the stages of the political process on anti-corruption policy focused on the prevention of the negative consequences of corruption. The levels of the political process, as substantiated in the article, are associated with the development of socio-economic and political differences between regions. The identification of these levels is the scientific novelty of this study. In the modern period, there is a crisis of international relations, globalization and the strengthening of national trends, including in the dynamics of the development of political processes. The fight against terrorism, the COVID-19 epidemic, environmental problems, and anti-corruption policies are not united in a global perspective, but “disintegrate” into national apartments and become problems of individual countries, not the entire modern community. This is the specificity of the political process at the global and national levels. The article is devoted to the problems of managing economic security, and combating corruption of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for the Transbaikal Region (hereinafter UEBiPK UMVD of Russia for the Transbaikal Region), further which is part of the police. This organization is an operational subdivision that carries out, within its competence, operational-search activities directed against crimes in relation to state power, the interests of the civil service and service in local government bodies. The specificity of the activities of the UEBiPK UMVD of Russia for the Transbaikal Region is the identification and documentation of economic, corruption malfeasance, as well as the implementation of operational support for anti-corruption policy. Anti-corruption policy as a political process in the Transbaikal Region is unstable, taking into account the cross-border specifics and has four levels: detection, response, prevention and evaluation of effectiveness. This conclusion is a scientific achievement of the authors. In addition, the author analyzes the political stability that is necessary for the implementation of the anti-corruption policy of the Transbaikal Region. The main thrust of this policy is economic crimes committed using information and communication technologies. The article describes the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy in the Transbaikal Territory

Псаммофитная растительность Баргузинской котловины (Республика Бурятия)

Псаммофитная растительность Баргузинской котловины (Республика Бурятия)

Leymus Chinensis (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev) in the Western Trans-Baikal Region: Cenosis Structures, Production, and Biochemical Composition in the Current Growth Environment

The phytocoenotic characteristics of leymus-chinensis cenoses growing in soils of different types in the meadow–steppe, the floodplain–steppe, and the halophytic grasslands in the western Trans-Baikal region are considered. The botanical composition is found to consist of 28 glicophyte species, 17 halotolerant glicophytes, and 6 halophytes. It is determined that the genus Leymus contains three species: Leymus chinensis, L. buriaticus, and L. littoralis. The botanical composition of leymus stands in the westerm Trans-Baikal region includes 51 species, 20 families, and 40 genera. The species are predominantly assigned to the steppe complex based on different types of xerophytes belonging to the Asian type of distribution. Rhizome species are a major biomorph component; in addition, a significant proportion is composed of species with short life cycles. The variation in similarity between the leymus species compositions is weak to moderate due to the significant involvement of families and genera with low species richness. The primary production of leymus cenoses comprises 1029—2370 g/m2 per year. The aboveground phytomass is almost completely formed by Leymus chinensis. The biochemical composition, feed value, and protein ratio of edificator dry matter are influenced by the environmental opportunities for growth, while they generally correspond to the standard indicators.

ИНТЕГРАЛЬНАЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННАЯ СИСТЕМА УТИЛИЗАЦИИ ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ ОТХОДОВ ГОРНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ, ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНО ОБЪЕДИНЁННЫХ

At present, there is a need for import substitution (including technologies) in Russia, so the manuals development and regulation of the best available technologies (BAT, Best Available Technologies) are underway. BAT manuals, for example, for the mining industry are basic documents that provide a step-by-step description of BAT, ensuring compliance with obligatory environmental performance indicators. However, these are isolated, unrelated short versions that do not allow for a comprehensive solution to the problems of available mineral resources (AMR) deficit and reduction of environmental degradation risks. To solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop an integrated system for the disposal of man-made waste from mining and mining processing enterprises, geographically united, in order to identify, select effective technologies from alternative proposals and their implementation. The purpose of the study is to develop an integrated system for the disposal of technogenic waste from mining enterprises that are geographically united. Research objectives: study of waste disposal facilities included in the State Register of the Russian Federation; development of a technological scheme for the joint processing of technogenic raw materials of various types; development of a stationary cuvette for year-round heap leaching (KV) of gold in the cryolithozone; conducting experimental studies of KV gold with an effective reagent complex; development of an integrated industrial system for the disposal of technogenic waste from mining enterprises, geographically united; development of alternative options for the production of gold in order to choose an effective technology, depending on the nature of gold mineralization and the form of finding the precious metal in man-made waste. The authors have scientifically substantiated and developed the variants of the integrated industrial system of the closed cycle, using mobile operatively tunable flow lines consisting of independent modules for technogenic waste processing of Darasunsky mine - the enterprise for extraction and ore enrichment of Darasunsky, Teremkinsky and Talatuysky gold deposits (Tungokochensky and Transbaikal regions). According to the cadastre of technogenic accumulations, the sources of mine wastes with the volume of 14410.2 thousand tons are waste dumps of overburden rocks and poor ores, technogenic raw materials of tailing dumps, other accumulations of technogenic raw materials. Experimental studies of gold heap leaching (HL) by the reagent complex including solutions of sodium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide in the ratio – H2O2:NaCN=10:1 have been carried out. Optimal technological parameters of ore preparation and gold leaching process from waste pelletized granules of different types at a ratio of 1:0.5:0: 5 are established, accordingly, out of balance ores of the Talatuy deposit (βAu – 0.7 g/t), underlaid tailings (βAu – 1.45 g/t) and tailings of the current ore processing of Darasunsky gold concentration plant (GCP) (βAu – 0.3 g/t). Gold recovery has amounted 87.1%. In order to implement year-round heap leaching in the cryolite zone, a deepened concrete ditch with multilayer shielding of the upper surface of the stack by injecting warm air through specially equipped perforated vinyl pipes has been installed and a special pelletized granules placement has been carried out. After neutralization KV waste has been proposed to be used in the road construction industry. The industrial system developed by the authors makes it possible to carry out all year round KV, to commercialize utilization of man-caused deposits, both for a long conservation period and the current production and processing, to improve the environmental safety of the city-forming enterprises of the mining cluster. Alternative options are proposed in order to choose an effective technology