Transparency Of Transactions Research Articles

AI-Driven Real Estate Portals: Enhancing Property Discovery and Buyer Experience

The rapid digital transformation of the real estate sector has led to the development of online platforms that streamline property listings, transactions, and user interactions. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Real Estate Website that enhances property discovery, buyer-seller communication, and transaction transparency. The platform integrates responsive web design, advanced search filters, interactive property visualization, and automated recommendation systems to improve user experience and engagement. Additionally, the study explores key technological advancements, including artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive analytics, geographic information systems (GIS) for location-based insights, and blockchain for secure transactions. A comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the efficiency of digital platforms over traditional real estate practices. The results indicate that web-based real estate solutions significantly enhance accessibility, reduce operational costs, and improve decision-making for buyers, sellers, and real estate agents. Future work aims to incorporate virtual reality (VR) for immersive property tours and AI-driven price estimation models to further refine the user experience. This paper contributes to the growing body of research on technology-driven real estate solutions and highlights potential innovations in the field

Blockchain for Quality: Advancing Security, Efficiency, and Transparency in Financial Systems

This article delves into the transformative impact of blockchain technology on enhancing transaction quality and efficiency. Since the emergence of blockchain alongside Bitcoin in 2008, its decentralised and transparent nature has significantly improved transaction speed, security, and cost efficiency. These advancements have solidified blockchain as a foundational innovation in financial services. The paper examines critical milestones in blockchain, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Binance Coin (BNB), and their role in reshaping global finance by automating processes and reducing reliance on intermediaries. Additionally, the study evaluates blockchain’s impact on quality management, particularly emphasising how its immutable ledger system enhances the reliability and transparency of financial transactions. Despite challenges such as scalability, energy consumption, and regulatory hurdles, the potential for blockchain to redefine transaction quality in financial services is evident. This research contributes to the growing body of literature by integrating blockchain technology and traditional quality management systems, providing a comprehensive perspective on how the two domains influence one another. The findings underscore blockchain’s ability to drive innovation in financial services while addressing security, efficiency, and operational quality concerns.

Risk management strategies: Navigating volatility in complex financial market environments

The complexities of modern financial markets, characterized by heightened volatility and uncertainty, have necessitated the evolution of advanced risk management strategies. As global markets become increasingly interconnected, financial institutions, investors, and policymakers face unprecedented challenges in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks. Effective risk management has emerged as a cornerstone of financial stability, requiring a blend of traditional methods and innovative tools. This paper explores comprehensive strategies for navigating volatility in complex financial environments, addressing systemic, credit, market, and operational risks. Traditional approaches, such as portfolio diversification and value-at-risk (VaR) modelling, remain foundational but are now complemented by cutting-edge technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data analytics. These tools enable real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and stress testing, enhancing the capacity to anticipate and respond to emerging threats. Additionally, the integration of blockchain technology offers improved transparency and resilience in financial transactions, further mitigating systemic vulnerabilities. Case studies from diverse sectors highlight the practical applications of these strategies, illustrating how robust risk management frameworks can minimize losses, enhance profitability, and ensure regulatory compliance. The paper also examines the role of regulatory frameworks in shaping risk management practices and emphasizes the importance of a proactive, adaptive approach in navigating volatile market conditions. By combining traditional methodologies with technological advancements, financial institutions can build resilient systems capable of withstanding shocks and fostering long-term stability. This paper concludes by identifying emerging trends, such as quantum computing and decentralized finance, as transformative forces likely to redefine risk management in the future.

CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTING THE SAFE HARBOUR REGIME IN TRANSFER PRICING

The article examines the conceptual basis and international experience with the implementation of the safe harbour regime in the area of transfer pricing. It argues for the need to use this mechanism as an effective tool for minimising tax risks, optimising the administrative burden and increasing the predictability of tax rules. It is noted that the safe harbour regime is based on the establishment of clear criteria for low-risk transactions, which makes it possible to reduce the volume of controls and increase the level of transparency of intra-group transactions. The article analyses the main features of the safe harbour regime, in particular its voluntary nature, the clarity of the compliance criteria, the simplification of administrative procedures, the limitation of its scope and the harmonisation with international standards. It shows that the implementation of this regime helps to reduce conflicts between business and tax authorities, promotes trust between the parties and contributes to the creation of a stable tax environment. The historical aspects of the emergence of the concept of safe harbours in the context of global initiatives to combat base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) are examined. The role of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in developing standards to ensure consistency in transfer pricing approaches is identified. International experience in implementing the regime in developed countries, such as the United States, Germany and Australia, and in developing countries, such as Brazil and India, will be examined. The paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of different models of safe harbour implementation, taking into account their adaptability to local conditions, their compliance with international standards and their ability to minimise administrative costs. Particular attention is paid to the harmonisation of the safe harbour regime with European directives, which ensures consistency of tax approaches within the Single Economic Space. It finds that the use of this regime in EU countries helps to attract investment, but faces challenges due to the need to take into account national specificities. It is demonstrated that the successful implementation of the safe harbour regime depends on its adaptation to the national legal framework, institutional characteristics and economic realities. Evidence shows that clarity of criteria and transparency of procedures are key conditions for effective implementation of the regime. The author suggests ways to improve the mechanisms for implementing safe harbours, taking into account international recommendations and the specific economic conditions of individual countries. The author identifies the need to create tools to monitor the effectiveness of the regime and to provide technical assistance to tax authorities and companies. The research analyses the potential impact of safe harbours on the tax system and investment climate of the countries implementing the regime. It is shown that the introduction of safe harbours has a positive impact on reducing administrative costs, reducing the number of disputes and stimulating economic activity. It concludes that the safe harbour regime is an important strategic tool in the transfer pricing system that can ensure a balance between the interests of the state and those of business. The author emphasises the need for further research to integrate the best international practices into national tax systems. The study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the development of new approaches to the implementation of safe harbours that will facilitate the integration of countries into the global economic system and increase their competitiveness.

PERBEDAAN TARIF JASA ANGKUTAN BECAK DI PASAR PANTE TEUNGOH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM

This research seeks to comprehend the practices of becak fare collection at Pasar Pante Teungoh and assess them against the principles of Islamic justice. Employing a qualitative methodology, this study reveals that the prevailing fare collection system is often unilateral, opaque, and lacks negotiation mechanisms. In-depth interviews with becak drivers and passengers, coupled with an analysis of supporting documents, indicate that the practice of determining fares at the end of the journey and the subjective nature of fare setting constitute the primary issues. A legal analysis from an Islamic perspective concludes that these practices contravene the Islamic principles of fairness, honesty, and transparency in commercial transactions. This study underscores the significance of enhanced regulations and a heightened legal consciousness to establish a just and sustainable transportation system.

Uplifting a Farmer through Connected Ecosystem

This project consists of developing a unified platform which can help farmers and consumers to come on the same platform and buy the agricultural products directly from the farmers. The application offers smooth online payment, user and farmer profile administration and real time inventory up to date. They are also key in establishing trust as they onboard verified farmers, and upload schemes which are advantageous to the farmers. Further down the line, vehicle and land renting functionalities, as well as tiny fertilizer management, will give farmers more support. Using this app, farmers can rent so agricultural machinery that includes tractor and harvesters at nominal costs finally using technology which was earlier not affordable for them. Farmer's use user friendly interfaces and robust backends to communicate with rental providers, manage bookings and track real time updates. The system is administered by an administration access pool who are responsible for overseeing the system (transaction transparency and efficient dispute resolution) as well as providing the users with the freedom to explore the ecosystem and contribute to it when they wish. We aim to help the agricultural community eliminate costs, increase production of goods, and work together. With this app, digital tools help fill the gap between modern tech and old school farming so we can farm a prosperous and sustainable future. Keywords—- Farm-to-Consumer, Agriculture, Scheme Management, Vehicle Renting, Fertilizer, Land Renting.

The role of international financial law in combating money laundering

The article examines the role of international financial law in combating money laundering on a global scale. Money laundering, which involves the legalization of proceeds obtained through criminal means, is one of the main threats to modern financial stability and security. This issue has a cross-border nature, as financial crimes often span multiple jurisdictions, significantly complicating their detection and suppression. The absence of unified standards or coordinated actions between countries creates favorable conditions for illegal activities, including the use of offshore zones and complex schemes to conceal the origins of funds. The article analyzes key international instruments such as the FATF (Financial Action Task Force) recommendations, which establish general standards for combating this phenomenon and provide methodologies for detecting and addressing financial crimes. Special attention is given to the role of European Union regulatory acts, including the Sixth Anti-Money Laundering Directive (6AMLD), which significantly expands the requirements for the national legislation of member states, introducing new rules for the identification of financial crimes and enhancing liability for their commission. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the importance of international cooperation, which is essential for the effective counteraction of financial crimes and ensuring transparency in financial transactions. The Ukrainian context of implementing international standards into national legislation is also highlighted. Key challenges are addressed, including corruption, limited technical resources, and the insufficient efficiency of law enforcement agencies. The article underscores the pressing issues of digitalizing financial monitoring processes, introducing automated reporting systems, and expanding international information exchange on suspicious transactions. Finally, it outlines prospects for further regulatory improvements that can strengthen financial security at both national and international levels.

Advancing Asset Tokenization in the European Union and Latvia: A Regulatory and Policy Perspective

Our study examines the regulatory challenges and opportunities of asset tokenization within the context of the European Union (EU), emphasizing the balance between technological innovation and investor protection in the digital economy. Focusing on 2023 EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation and its application in Latvia, we utilize comparative legal and integrative literature review methodologies to explore how regulatory frameworks can enhance investor accessibility, liquidity, and transparency in digital transactions. Our findings emphasize the importance of strong legal frameworks in promoting economic growth and protecting investors, thereby contributing to a more inclusive financial ecosystem. By examining the regulatory landscape for distributed ledger technology, we provide insights into how regulations can balance innovation in asset management with the imperative of investor protection. We offer a broad analysis of the intersection between legal frameworks and technological advancements in Latvia, illustrating how diverse regulatory approaches can support both economic development and investor interests. Our research originality lies in its focus on the EU’s regulatory diversity, particularly in Latvia, and its implications for broader European and international regulatory environments. Our study contributes to ongoing discussions on optimizing regulatory strategies to facilitate secure and advantageous financial technologies, reflecting the diversity of legal and economic approaches across Europe.

Smart Contracts and Machine Learning: Exploring Blockchain and AI in Fintech

Background: The rapid evolution of technology in the financial technology (fintech) sector has necessitated the adoption of innovative solutions to address increasing demands for higher data rates, lower latency, and enhanced security. Traditional centralized systems are susceptible to data tampering, service disruptions, and man-in-the-middle attacks, compromising the integrity of sensitive financial transactions. Objectives: This paper aims to explore the convergence of blockchain technology, smart contracts, and machine learning to address security, transparency, and operational efficiency challenges in the fintech sector. It investigates the implications of these technologies for compliance, regulatory frameworks, and ethical governance. Method: The study reviews existing literature and data sources spanning the last decade, with a focus on blockchain applications in fintech. Inclusion criteria include studies on decentralized ledgers, smart contract automation, and machine learning algorithms for predictive analytics. Comparative analyses are presented through flowcharts, graphs, and tables to highlight operational improvements, security enhancements, and cost reductions. Findings: Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and immutable ledger that enhances transparency and security in financial transactions. Smart contracts automate processes, reducing operational costs and improving accessibility to underserved populations. Machine learning enhances blockchain applications by enabling predictive analytics and data-driven decision-making. Despite significant advancements, challenges remain, including the need for robust governance structures to ensure ethical implementation and compliance with regulatory standards. Significance: This review offers new insights by integrating blockchain and machine learning in the context of fintech, addressing critical aspects such as operational efficiency, security, and regulatory compliance that were underexplored in prior studies. It highlights the transformative potential of these technologies in fostering innovation while providing a roadmap for overcoming bottlenecks and paving the way for a secure, inclusive, and efficient financial ecosystem. Keywords: Fintech, AI in Finance, Smart Contracts, Distributed Ledgers, Blockchain

The auditor and his role as a watchdog on the interests of stakeholders: the case of transactions between related parties and regulated agreements in Algeria

Regulated agreements and transactions between related parties are common practices in the life of companies. However, it can be misused by the parties controlling the company or managers to the detriment of its shareholders and stakeholders. Directors may also be tempted to put their personal interests ahead of the company's corporate interest. In addition to the objective of transparency ensured by the traceability required by formalism on regulated agreements through the Commercial Code, the IASB has developed IAS 24, which aims to improve the transparency of transactions between related parties by providing relevant information on related parties in order to facilitate the control of corporate governance structures. Also, for their part, the statutory auditors draw up two reports throughout the process, one addressed to the Board of Directors to enable them to authorize the agreement, the other called the "Special Report" to the General Meeting on the authorized agreements.

Procedure for the movement of currency values across the customs border of Ukraine in wartime

The article analyzes the procedure for conducting currency transactions, including the cross-border movement of currency values, as this is subject to currency regulation. It highlights the key principles of currency regulation enshrined in the Law of Ukraine No. 2473-VIII. The following principles are considered: freedom of currency transactions, risk orientation, transparency and efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the role of the customs border as an important component of the financial security of the state, which ensures control over the movement of currency values. The author analyzes Ukrainian legislation, in particular the Customs Code, which defines currency values as national and foreign currencies, payment documents, securities and precious metals. The article outlines two approaches to their definition - dualistic and exclusively unconditional, and emphasizes that the Ukrainian legislator uses the first approach. An important place is given to the issue of declaring currency values, the rules of which are regulated by the National Bank of Ukraine: for amounts up to EUR 10,000, no declaration is required, while exceeding this limit obliges citizens to confirm the legality of the origin of funds. The authors examine the movement of currency values in the context of martial law: they highlight changes in the functioning of the banking system and customs authorities aimed at strengthening control and ensuring stability. The article also examines how the NBU’s regulations restrict cross-border currency transactions, allowing them only for critical imports. According to the authors, such measures are necessary to prevent illegal capital outflows and maintain economic security. The authors emphasize the existence of administrative and criminal liability for violations of currency legislation, such as failure to declare or illegal currency transactions. They note that the established sanctions are aimed at preventing financial crimes and enhancing the transparency of international transactions. In conclusion, it is emphasized that effective currency regulation, adapted to the challenges of martial law, is an important tool for financial stability and economic security of the state.

Utilization of Blockchain in Improving Security of E-Commerce Transactions in the MSME Sector

The utilization of blockchain technology in enhancing the security of e-commerce transactions in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector presents a transformative approach to addressing persistent challenges such as fraud, data breaches, and transaction transparency. This study employs a qualitative method through literature review and library research to explore the integration of blockchain into MSME e-commerce platforms. By analyzing existing research and case studies, the paper identifies how blockchain's decentralized nature, encryption techniques, and smart contracts can mitigate risks and foster trust between MSMEs and consumers. Key findings suggest that blockchain can provide immutable transaction records, enhance supply chain traceability, and streamline payment processes, thereby improving overall operational efficiency. However, the study also highlights potential barriers, including technological adoption, cost implications, and regulatory uncertainties, which may hinder widespread implementation in the MSME sector. Addressing these barriers through education, policy development, and collaborative innovation is essential to unlocking blockchain’s full potential. This paper contributes to the growing discourse on digital transformation by emphasizing the critical role of secure, transparent, and efficient transactional frameworks in empowering MSMEs in the global digital economy. Future research is recommended to focus on practical implementation models and sector-specific blockchain applications that align with MSME capabilities and market demands.

Ensuring Fairness and Transparency in Transactions: Islamic Property Law and Contracts

Ensuring Fairness and Transparency in Transactions: Islamic Property Law and Contracts

A Comprehensive Analysis of Recent Legislative Reforms of Public Procurement in the Czech Republic

This article provides an in-depth analysis of recent legislative changes in the Czech Republic’s public procurement framework, focusing on the transition to the new Act on Public Procurement, which harmonizes national law with European Union directives. The new legislation introduces several key reforms aimed at modernizing and improving the procurement process. Among these, mandatory electronic communication stands out as a significant advancement, designed to streamline procedures and enhance accessibility for a wide range of stakeholders, including suppliers and contracting authorities. The Act further requires the disclosure of beneficial ownership information, representing a critical step toward fostering transparency and accountability in procurement transactions. Moreover, the integration of socially responsible procurement principles encourages public authorities to evaluate the social, environmental, and ethical impacts of their procurement decisions, thereby promoting sustainability and broader societal benefits. These reforms collectively aim to strengthen transparency, efficiency, and ethical standards in public procurement, ensuring more responsible use of public resources. This study offers valuable insights into the implications of these developments for various stakeholders in the public procurement ecosystem.

Innovative Digital Economy Strategies for Enhancing Financial Security in Logistics Optimisation

Introduction: The digital economy is significantly changing logistics activities, providing new opportunities for optimising processes and improving the financial security of enterprises. The topic’s relevance is due to the need to adapt to rapid technological changes and the growing role of digital tools in the modern business environment. Objectives: The research aims to study the impact of the digital economy on logistics processes and their financial security. Methods: The research methodology is based on the analysis of scientific publications, statistical reports and comparative analysis, which allowed us to identify trends and opportunities for digitalising logistics processes. Results: The findings showed that introducing technologies such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and big data increases the efficiency of logistics processes by optimising routes and reducing delivery times and operating costs. Blockchain ensures transparency and reliability of transactions, which helps to reduce the risk of fraud and improve trust among supply chain participants. IoT and big data allow businesses to forecast demand better and manage inventory, reducing cost overruns and ensuring greater planning accuracy. Conclusions: Thus, artificial intelligence helps to automate routine processes, increasing the accuracy and speed of tasks. The practical significance of the study is to identify promising areas of logistics digitalisation that contribute to enterprises’ financial stability and competitiveness.

The Role of Fintech Technology in Improving Financial Inclusion and Financial System Stability

The development of financial technology (fintech) has had a significant impact on improving financial inclusion and the stability of the global financial system. This study aims to explore the role of fintech technology in promoting people's access to financial services and its contribution to financial system stability. Fintech enables the creation of digital platforms that facilitate services such as electronic payments, peer-to-peer lending, and micro-investments, reaching segments previously neglected by the traditional banking sector. On the other hand, fintech innovations also strengthen supervision and transparency in financial transactions, potentially reducing the risk of financial instability. However, these developments also present challenges, including the need for appropriate regulation to address potential risks such as fraud and personal data management. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis and case studies in several countries that have widely implemented fintech. The results show that fintech has great potential in increasing financial inclusion, but its sustainability and contribution to financial system stability depend on effective regulation and collaboration between the public and private sectors. This research lies in the lack of a thorough study of the regulatory challenges faced by developing countries in implementing fintech to increase financial inclusion without posing a risk of instability. A growing phenomenon is the rapid adoption of fintech in developing countries, yet its impact on financial system stability and associated risks are still not fully understood and adequately addressed

TAX CONTROL OF EXPORT OPERATIONS: PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS, SOLUTIONS

In the current context of globalization and the active development of international trade, tax control over export operations has become a critically important aspect of ensuring a country's economic security. The inefficiency of existing control mechanisms increases the risks of tax evasion and reduces budget revenues, highlighting the relevance of this study. The article analyzes the legal, organizational, and technical aspects of tax control for export operations. Systematic analysis methods are employed to identify key issues in tax control, along with a comparative analysis of other countries' practices in regulating cross-border transactions and exchanging tax information. The study identifies major barriers faced by tax authorities in controlling export operations, including difficulties in determining the actual value of goods, the use of offshore schemes, and limited information exchange between countries. Directions for improving tax control are proposed, such as enhancing the regulatory framework, introducing digital technologies, and strengthening international cooperation. Strengthening tax control over export operations, considering digitalization and integration processes, will help minimize the risks of tax evasion and enhance the transparency of international transactions. The implementation of these measures will contribute to improving economic security and the efficiency of the tax system.

Використання фінансових інструментів антикризового управління в сучасних умовах господарювання в Україні

Introduction. The use of financial tools of anti-crisis management allowcompanies to attract the necessary resources, optimize costs and ensure their financial stability. That is why a detailed analysis and effective application of financial instruments is one of the key factors of business success in modern conditions. Problem Statement. Increasing the effectiveness of the use of financial instruments by Ukrainian enterprises to ensure their stability and development in conditions of high economic instability. The purpose is to develop recommendations on the effective use of financial instruments to minimize the consequences of crises and ensure sustainable business development, based on the analysis of the practical experience of Ukrainian enterprises. Methods. General scientific and special methods were used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical. Results. The paper analyzed the main financial instruments used in the process of anti-crisis management, the spheres of their effective use, and provided their comparative characteristics in various sectors of the economy of Ukraine. Conclusions. The effective use of financial instruments is critically important for the survival and development of Ukrainian enterprises in crisis conditions. However, existing barriers such as limited access to finance, high interest rates and unstable legislation make this process difficult. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to develop a set of measures aimed at stimulating the development of the financial market, increasing the financial literacy of entrepreneurs and strengthening state support. Digital technologies open up new opportunities for optimizing financial processes and increasing the effectiveness of anti-crisis management. The implementation of technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence can contribute to increasing the transparency and security of financial transactions, as well as allow for more informed decisions based on data.

Development of Blockchain Technology in Financial Accounting

This study investigates the transformative potential of blockchain technology in financial accounting by examining its applications, challenges, and implications. The study begins with a review of blockchain’s origins and its ability to address inefficiencies, fraud risks, and transparency limitations in traditional accounting. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative thematic analysis and quantitative statistical techniques. The qualitative analysis involved thematic coding of data from case studies and organizational reports, while the quantitative analysis assessed financial data using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Eight organizations from diverse industries—including banking, retail, and technology—were purposively sampled to capture varied experiences and applications of blockchain technology. Key findings reveal blockchain’s ability to enhance transparency, efficiency, and security in financial transactions, offering significant advantages for financial reporting and auditing. However, challenges such as regulatory uncertainties, scalability concerns, and technical complexities remain barriers to its widespread adoption. This research provides actionable recommendations to overcome these challenges and maximize blockchain’s benefits in financial accounting. By integrating theoretical insights with empirical evidence, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of blockchain’s role in transforming financial practices, offering practical guidance for academia and industry practitioners alike.

PERAN E-COMMERCE DALAM TRANSFORMASI EKSPOR IMPOR DI ERA DIGITAL

This research examines the role of e-commerce in the transformation of export-import activities in the digital era. E-commerce has revolutionized international trade by facilitating cross-border transactions more efficiently, quickly and cost-effectively. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to analyze relevant literature from 2020-2023, which discusses various aspects of e-commerce in the context of export-import. The results show that e-commerce provides various benefits, such as increased global market accessibility, logistical efficiency, and transaction transparency. The main factors that support the successful implementation of e-commerce include adequate digital infrastructure, conducive government policies, and service quality that ensures consumer safety and convenience. In addition, e-commerce opens up great opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to compete in international markets through direct access to consumers and supply chain optimization. However, the study also found a number of obstacles faced by import-export players in adopting e-commerce. These challenges include limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy, policies that are not fully supportive, and data security issues. To overcome these obstacles, collaboration between the government and the private sector is needed, including the development of supportive policies, improvement of digital infrastructure, and training for exporters.