Trans-Baikal Territory Research Articles

Новые находки редких и охраняемых видов лишайников на хребте Кодар (Каларский район, Забайкальский край)

Новые находки редких и охраняемых видов лишайников на хребте Кодар (Каларский район, Забайкальский край)

Статистическое исследование естественного движения и прогноз численности населения забайкальского края: муниципальный срез

Статистическое исследование естественного движения и прогноз численности населения забайкальского края: муниципальный срез

Legal and Technical Possibility Assessment of Eliminating Accumulated Damage to Environment by Arsenic Waste from Mining and Processing Industry

The possibility of accumulated environmental damage liquidation by arsenic wastes of the mining and processing industry is considered using the example of two facilities located in the Irkutsk Region and the Trans-Baikal Territory. Brief information is provided on the results of liquidation of a focus of arsenic pollution in the territory of the city of Svirsk. Presented are the current environmental situation in the Municipality of Svirsk and the work planned by the Government of the Irkutsk Region to rehabilitate the territory subject to prolonged anthropogenic impact. Photographic materials and results of monitoring researches of the territory polluted with arsenic in settlement Vershino-Darasunsky of Trans-Baikal Territory are resulted. Based on the current technological and regulatory framework, it is possible to eliminate the accumulated damage in the village of Vershino-Darasunsky.

New association Сladophoro fractae–Stuckenietum chakassiensis of the class Ruppietea maritimae from Siberia

New ass. Cladophoro fractae–Stuckenietum chakas­siensis Kipriyanova ass. nov. hoc loco, referred to the alliance Сladophoro fractae–Stuckenion chakassiensis Kipriyanova all. nov. hoc loco, to the order Ruppietalia maritimae J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964 and to the class Ruppietea maritimae J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964 was described in Siberia. Nomenclature type (holotypus) — relevé 3 (author′s number 5.3) in Table. Dominating diagnostic species is Stuckenia chakassiensis (Kaschina) Klinkova (Flora Nizhnego Povolzhiya, 2006). (Synonyms are Potamogetonpectinatus L. subsp. chakassiensis Kaschina in Krasnob. et Safonova, 1986, Novoe o Fl. Sibiri: 245. — P. chakassiensis (Kaschina) Volob. 1991, Sibir. Biol. Zhurn. 5: 75. — P. chakassiensis var. tenuior Volob. 1993, Sibir. Biol. Zhurn. 3: 57. — P. intramongolicus Ma, 1983, Acta Bot. Bor.-Occid. Sin. 3(1): 8, nom. inval. — P. acifolius Ma, 1983, Acta Bot. Bor.-Occid. Sin. 3(1): 8, nom. inval. — Stuckeniaintramongolica (Ma) Tzvel. 1999, Bot. Zhurn. 84(7): 111, nom. illeg.). The species richness (data of fifteen relevés) is 1–4 per relevé, which is explained by relatively high salinity values. A total of 8 species were registered in association communities. Communities with total cover 20–95 %, occupy quite large (from 20 to more than 100 m2) areas in the studied lakes. The main ­layer — submerged plants — is made by shoots of Stuckenia chakassiensis. There are other species with a wide range of halotolerance (Cladophora species), as well as brackish and saline water species (Ruppia maritima, Chara aspera, C. canescens, C. altaica) and Althenia orientalis, Ruppia drepanensis, R. cirrhosa, Lamprotamnium papulosum, which are much rarer in Western Siberia. Other layers are not expressed, except for the emergent plants represented by reed on the border of belts of submergent and emergent vegetation. Communities of associations were observed only in the brackish (oligohaline, mesohaline, polyhaline) waters of the various classes and groups: mainly sodium-chloride in the south of West Siberia, and sodium-bicarbonate in East Siberia. Not too often they were found in sodium-sulfate and magnesium-bicarbonate waters. Salinity range of association in Transbaikalia was 1.11–9.57 g/dm3. Maximum salinity for Stuckenia chakassiensis communities in the Novosibirsk region was 10.32 g/dm3, in the lakes of Khakassia — 28.8 g/dm3. The pH values varied from 6.55 to 10.50. Special publications (Kipriyanova et al., 2016, 2017) are devoted to a description of the hydrochemical preferences of the S. chakassiensis and some other species of the genus Stuckenia in the lakes of Transbaikalia. According to the obtained data in the brackish waters of the lakes of East Siberia, S. chakassiensis forms thickets with rather high productivity (up to 517.4±89.51 g/m2 abs. dry weight) (Kipriyanova et al., 2017). The association′s area of distribution appears to coincide with the range of the species, which is a southern part of Siberia (Kurgan Region, Novosibirsk Region, Altai Territory, the Republic of Khakassia, the Republic of Buryatia, Trans-Baikal Territory), northern Kazakhstan, northern China, Mongolia, and rarely — the South Eastern Europe: Volgograd Region (Chernyshkovsky district, in the estuaries and lakes of the Tsimlyansky sand massif near the hamlets Tormosin and Morskoy ) (Flora of the Lower Volga region, 2006; Krasnaya..., 2006) and in the Caucasus ­(Tzvelev, 1990). The association quite logically fits into the class Ruppietea and the order Ruppietalia. In addition to the actual cenoses of different Ruppia species, the communities of other aquatic halotolerant plants, such as the association of emergent plant Eleocharitetum parvulae (Christiansen 1934) Gillner 1960, the bryophyte cenoses Rielletum helicophyllae Cirujano et al. 1993, Rielletum notarisii Cirujano et al. 1993 may be included into this class (Rivas-Martínez et al., 2002; and others). Some researchers place into this class the communities of halotolerant charophytes of the Charion canescentis Krausch 1964 alliance, and the ass. Ranunculetum baudotii Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 (Berg et al., 2014). The input of the ass. Cladophoro fractae–Stuckenietum chakassiensis to the Ruppietea class corresponds to principles and methods of the Braun-Blanquet approach (Braun-Blanquet, 1964), since the diagnostic species of the new association is accompanied with different species abundance in the brackish and saline waters: Ruppia maritima, Chara canescens, C. altaica, as well as species with a wide range of halotolerance — Cladophora fracta and others. The character diagnostic species of Сladophoro fractae–Stuckenion chakassiensis alliance are the species specific for continental brackish and saline waters of forest-steppe and steppe zones of Asia such as Stuckenia chakassiensis, S. macrocarpa, Chara altaica.

Impact of Social Myths on the Construction of German Identity in Russian Polyethnic Region

Background/Objectives: The objective of this paper is to identify the specifics of the transformation of the Germans’ ethnic identity in the Transbaikal territory. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis, which is supplemented by historical and evolutionary approach, serving as a philosophical development of the idea of constructivism. When analyzing the effects of social influence, the authors applied techniques of hermeneutics and social phenomenology, based on the reflection of phenomena of the social environment as the texts, whereby the modeling function of sign systems that regulate social behavior, continuity of culture and self-perception is justified. Findings: The research has shown that the problem of history and culture of Germans in the Transbaikal region exists only within the nationwide problematics of studying the Russian Germans’ culture. At the same time, there are specific features of Germans’ staying beyond in the Transbaikal area, in terms of the process of building a German identity, the leading role is played by the regional social mythopoeia that influenced the ups and downs of the ethnic self-comprehension of Germans. As a result of the study, the authors have proven that Germans living in the Transbaikal territory refer to their ethnicity as a form of organization of a successful life. The result of the study is the proof of the intersubjective nature of the diffuse identity of modern Transbaikal Germans, which appears to them as an immanent dialectic process of struggle, interaction and synthesis of an external social influence and internal group influence on the views of Germans on themselves and their ethnicity. Application /Improvements: Practical application of these results is the intercultural and interethnic interaction in the Transbaikal territory, where they can be used to develop preventive measures in social policy and to institute control over the processes of development of ethnic groups and organizations.

The impact of atmospheric blocking on spatial distributions of summertime precipitation over Eurasia

The correlation of precipitation anomalies over Eurasia with atmospheric blocking events was examined with ERA Interim reanalysis data. We found that, regardless of the frequency of the atmospheric blocking events, they significantly affect the distribution of rainfall over all Eurasian regions in summer, due to both the change in the westerly transport and the dominant dipole blocking structure. It is important that, depending on the blocking positions in Asia, there are heavy rainfalls in an arid zone which includes Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Northern China, and the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Lichenicolous fungi from Kodar Range, Trans-Baikal Territory of Russia

Sixty three species of lichenicolous and allied fungi are reported, 47 of which are new to Trans-Baikal Territory of Russia. A presumably undescribed Llimoniella-like discomycete on Protoblastenia terricola is illustrated and discussed. Plectocarpon melanohaleae is first recorded in the northern hemisphere. Diplolaeviopsis ranula, Endococcus alectoriae, E. verrucisporus, Epigloea filifera, Sagediopsis fissurisedens and Talpapellis peltigerae var. peltigerae are new to Russia and Asia. Endococcus macrosporus is new to Russia. Lichenostigma rupicolae, Opegrapha geographicola and Unguiculariopsis lettaui are new to Siberia. Arthonia molendoi, Dactylospora glaucomarioides, Didymocyrtis consimilis, Epibryon conductrix, Muellerella lichenicola, Phaeospora cf. rimosicola, Sagediopsis aspiciliae, S. pertusariicola, Sphaerellothecium contextum, Stigmidium conspurcans, S. mitchellii, S. solorinarium and Talpapellis peltigerae are new to South Siberia. Cercidospora thamnoliae and Sagediopsis pertusariicola are first reported outside the Arctic. Athallia is a new host genus for Didymocyrtis consimilis and Bryoria for Endococcus alectoriae. The following new host species are registered: Pertusaria geminipara for Dactylospora deminuta, Calvitimela talayana for Endococcus propinquus s. l., Bryoria simplicior for Lichenostigma maureri and Melanohalea olivacea for Plectocarpon melanohaleae.

Description of four new species of the genus Phytodietus Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tryphoninae) from the Eastern Palearctic region

Four species of the genus Phytodietus are described from material in the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences: Ph. belokobylskii sp. nov. and Ph. melanopus sp. nov. from South Korea, Ph. intermedius sp. nov. from south of the Russian Far East and Ph. dauricus sp. nov. from Russian Transbaikal Territory. Key to 4 new and 6 related species is given.

On the High School Career Guidance in Secondary Schools in the Trans-Baikal Territory

Background: The article discusses the results of sociological studies of the career guidance in secondary educational institutions in the Trans-Baikal Territory, as well as their graduates’ professional plans. Methods: A sociological survey was conducted among secondary school graduates in Trans-Baikal Territory, using a specially designed questionnaire aiming to investigate the high school students’ awareness about the important careers in modern world, labor market, main sources of information about the important careers, preferences in professional activities and other urgent issues in career guidance. The following methods of the research were used: Questionnaires, qualitative and quantitative processing of data. Findings: Analysis of the obtained results demonstrated that school graduates have difficulties in a professional choice, due to the lack of information about the list of modern professions, about their own abilities and interests, etc. In a situation when upper-formers have already decided with their future profession, their knowledge of the chosen specialty differs by superficiality, the deficit of information about the content of the profession and demands placed on it. Career guidance work fulfilled at schools cannot fully meet the need for the lacking information. In addition, traditional methods and forms of this activity dominate. This fact attracts attention and actualizes the problem of maintaining professional orientation process by the concerned universities, including the Trans-Baikal State University career guidance and marketing department specialists. It is important to inform the secondary school graduates preparing to receive higher professional education that they should consciously chose a profession that meets not only the current situation in the labor market, but also their abilities and inclinations. Improvements: Proposed provisions can be used as a theoretical model defining career guidance work in secondary schools, areas of cooperation with high school to develop cooperation mechanisms for career guidance of today’s students.

The epidemiology of afebrile seizures in the pediatric population of the Trans-Baikal Territory

Objective: to study the epidemiology of afebrile seizures (ASs) in the pediatric population of the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2004 to 2013. Patients and methods. The data available in the registry of patients with epilepsy and convulsive syndromes in childhood (febrile seizures and isolated convulsion) from the Trans-Baikal Territorial Antiepileptic Center (TAEC) over 2004–2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results and discussion. Since the time of setting up the TAEC, the incidence of ASs in the Trans-Baikal Territory ranged from 0.23% (64 cases in 2005) to 0.49 (128 cases in 2008). The prevalence rate for ASs increased from 1.37 (431 cases in 2004) to 4.71 (1232 cases in 2013) per 1,000 pediatric population. The prevalence and incidence of ASs did not substantially differ among the children living in Chita and in the areas of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The rate of AS cases in the structure of the registry of children with epilepsy and convulsive syndromes decreased from 94.31% in 2004 to 83.19% in 2013. ASs were prevalent in children aged 3 years and 1 month to 7 years. The AS rate ratio between the boys and girls varied from 1:1.1 to 1.1:1.

Результаты мониторинга популяции степного орла в Забайкальском крае в 2015 г., Россия

Ornithological survey was carried out in July–August 2015 in steppe areas of Russian part of Dauria (Trans-Baikal Territory, or Zabaikalsky Krai) in the frames of monitoring the population of the Steppe Eagle ( Aquila nipalensis ). Research was conducted at 13 study sites in 10 administrative districts of the region, including 11 study sites which were surveyed repeatedly (after first survey in 2010). A total of 57 nesting territories with 95 nest structures were identified in 2010 and 2015 together. Additionally adult birds were recorded in 24 points but nests were not found. In 2015 we checked 35 of 40 nesting territories that were identified in 2010 while other 35 nesting territories (including 17 ones with nest structures) are localized for the first time. A total of 27 nestlings and fledglings (1.4±0.5 nestlings and fledglings produced per successful nest) in 19 nests were recorded during the 2015 survey. In 2010, the status of Steppe Eagle in Dauria was assessed as extremely unfavorable. The main population characteristics had not essentially changed to 2015. Actual average nesting density slightly increased but still is close to 1 pair per 100 km 2 . An average distance between neighbor active nests in Dauria is unexpectedly long as comparing with such figures in other regions of the Steppe Eagle nesting. More than a half of potentially available nesting territories remain unoccupied, and the share of unoccupied nesting territories almost did not change. The productivity of successful nests (average brood size) remains low – on average 1.4±0.5 fledglings and nestlings per successful nest in 2015. The negative factors such as power lines that are dangerous for birds and steppe wild fires are still acting. More than 40 % of all the nesting territories were affected by fires in 2015; the nest structures were completely burnt at 17% of the known nesting territories visited in 2015. Meanwhile the following positive trends can be noted: the population number increased more than by 30 % (estimating 219 vs. 152 breeding pairs); breeding efficiency increased by 24 %; the breeding efficiency was 0.93 fledglings per 1 breeding pair in 2015 vs. 0.55 in 2010, which represents a 60 % increase; the share of successful pairs of potential population size increased from 20 % to 32 %; the share of subadults (under the age of 4–5 years) in the breeding pairs was reduced almost twofold – from 76 % to 35 % what means the mortality of adults significantly reduced. The population trend of the Steppe Eagle in Dauria should be considered in the framework of significant land use and climate changes that had a place and continue in the region.

Регулирование рынка труда и занятости в Забайкальском крае: политика занятости

Регулирование рынка труда и занятости в Забайкальском крае: политика занятости

Structure of disability in the case of epilepsy of children and adolescents in Trans-Baikal Territory

Structure of disability in the case of epilepsy of children and adolescents in Trans-Baikal Territory

The ecosystem of Lake Kenon: past and present (Transbaikal Territory, Russia)

Present-day conditions of the Lake Kenon ecosystem are determined by a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. We have estimated the effects of a complex of factors on the condition of the abiotic environment and on specific biological components in the lake ecosystem. Change in biogenic load has caused an increase in the role of phytoplankton in the general balance of organic matter during the high-water period. Charophytes are the main dominants of bottom vegetation. Anthropogenic load has caused a decrease in both fish species and fish capacity. The lake application as a water reservoir-cooler has influenced the average annual water mineralization (from 420 mg/L to 530.0 mg/L with a maximum 654 mg/L in 1993) and fluctuations in its hydrochemical composition. The present composition of the lake is sulfate-hydrocarbonate-chloride calcium-sodic-magnesium in character. SO 4–content is twice as much as the maximum permissible concentration in fishery waters. Water drainage from an ash disposal area to the lake has caused an increase in chemical-element concentrations including the heavy metals. Hg concentration in Perca fluviatilis muscles is 0.5 μg/g dry wt. Thus, understanding directions in the ecosystem of the water reservoir-cooler under changing hydrological conditions will let us forecast the consequences of new combined heat and power plant operation.

Comparison of Financial Stability of The Russian and Mongolian Regions Based on System of National Accounts

The main purpose of the article is a comparative evaluation of the financial stability of the territories of Mongolia and the Russian Federation in the ongoing international research on the dynamics determination of the socio-economic development of both countries. In the study, the attempt to compound the existing data sources of regional development of the Russian Federation and Mongolia in uniform system for comparative evaluation of financial stability of territories on the basis of the methodology of the System of National Accounts is made. The author’s approach to build and fill the balances of the movement of financial resources in the regions by sectors of «Corporation», «Public Administration» and «Household» is presented. The comparative characteristics of socio-economic development in the context of 21 aimaks and the capital of Mongolia — Ulan Bator, and five border regions of Russia (Republic of Altai, Tuva, Buryatia, Khakassia and the Trans-Baikal Territory, as well as enlarged «macro-regions» (Mongolia as a whole, the border areas Russia together and Sverdlovsk region) are determined. The analysis of the gross regional product structure of these regions is carried out. It has revealed the agricultural specialization of Mongolian regions and domination of service sector and public management in the development of added value in the Russian territories. Also, the identified features of the distribution of value added in the sector «corporation» in both countries lying in the different structural relations of SNA indicators are discovered. Investigation of the flow of financial resources for the «Governance» sector led to the conclusion of a more balanced ratio of own income and expenditure budgets of the regions of Mongolia than the border regions of the Russian Federation. As a result, in the entire set of selected areas were identified with common features and regularities of their financial development in the context of economic sectors, the main findings and development schemes of financial stability of the Russian Federation and Mongolia are presented.

Оценка населением Забайкальского края проблем социального сиротства и путей их решения (по материалам социологического исследования)

Оценка населением Забайкальского края проблем социального сиротства и путей их решения (по материалам социологического исследования)

The non-native species to the intercontinental regions of Asia (on an example Trans-Baikal territory)

This article is devoted to the study of the composition, diversity and distribution of non-native plant elements to the intercontinental regions of Asia on an example Trans-Baikal territory. The number of non-native plants in the Trans-Baikal areas is determined by the degree of urbanization, favorable climate and the availability of skidding ways proximal to their vicinity.

Первая находка Bacidia reagens (Ramalinaceae) для Евразии

Bacidia reagens Malme, a corticolous lichen species, is reported as new to Eurasia. The species was found in the Transbaikal Territory of Eastern Siberia in a humid locality on the bark of Sorbus sp. Its morphology, worldwide distribution and ecology are briefly outlined.

Frullania ignatovii (Porellales, Marchantiophyta) — новый вид из Южной Сибири и Якутии

A new species Frullania ignatovii Sofronova, Mamontov et Potemkin is described and illustrated from the tundra belt of highlands of Yakutia (Republic of Sakha) and Baikal Siberia (Republic of Buryatia and Trans-Baikal Territory), Russia. It was collected оn rocks together with calciphilous bryophytes. It resembles F. amplicrania Steph. known from Japan but differs from it in leaf lobules inflated throughout (vs. occasionally explanate) with vertex parallel to the stem and the shoot plane vs. oriented obliquely away from the stem and strongly turned up from the shoot plane; oil-bodies more numerous 4–10 vs. 2–4 per cell, nearly homogenous vs. of few globules.

Pilophorus strumaticus (Cladoniaceae) — новый для России вид лишайника

Pilophorus strumaticus Nyl. ex Cromb. is reported as new to Russia from Trans-Baikal Territory. Description, localities, ecology and general distribution of the species, as well as its differences from morphologically similar species are presented.