Training Venues Research Articles

The Status and Adequacy of Preceptor Orientation and Development Programs in US Pharmacy Schools

Objective. To identify current preceptor orientation and development programs at US colleges and schools of pharmacy and propose future initiatives for preceptor programs. Methods. An anonymous 28-item survey was administered in January 2017 to 128 experiential education personnel at accredited US schools and colleges of pharmacy. Data from completed survey instruments were tabulated and qualitative responses to open-ended questions were examined using thematic analysis. Results. Eighty-five experiential education administrators participated in the survey (response rate=67%). Most preceptor orientation programs met the majority of requirements as outlined within the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education's Standard 20.3, although only 42% of programs mandated preceptor orientation prior to student placement. Two-thirds of respondents offered annual, live preceptor development, and 75% of programs used commercially available online products. Nearly 40% of respondents collaborated with other schools or professional organizations to offer preceptor training. Only 29% of programs had specific requirements for pharmacists to maintain their active preceptor status. Seventy percent of respondents reported spending over $2500 and 39% over $5000 annually on preceptor development. Programs with the highest monetary investment (>$10,000/year) in preceptor development offered multiple venues (live and online) for preceptor training. Programs with significant personnel commitment (≥0.5 FTE devoted to preceptor development) frequently had dedicated site visitors. Conclusion. Preceptor orientation programs at US schools of pharmacy are generally similar, but development programs vary significantly across the Academy. Highly invested programs featured live and online training or site visitors who provided individualized feedback or training. Future studies should explore the cost-effectiveness of program options and their impact on preceptor learning and behaviors.

Evaluación de género de la preferencia de los agricultores de cerdos para la formación de la logística en el uso de la comida de plantas de yuca en dietas para cerdos en Nigeria del suroeste

El género en la logística de la capacitación no ha recibido igual atención que otros aspectos del diseño de la capacitación a pesar de su importancia en el acceso a la información sobre innovaciones probadas y la aceptación por parte de los agricultores. El documento evaluó la preferencia de los agricultores porcinos y hembras por la logística de la capacitación, analizó la composición y el costo de la harina de yuca y los piensos comunes. Determinó los niveles de conciencia en las alimentaciones alternativas por género y discutió las limitaciones de capacitación de los agricultores. La técnica de muestreo intencional se utilizó para seleccionar dos estados y seis áreas de gobierno local en función de la preponderancia de los criadores de cerdos. El programa de entrevistas estructuradas se administró a 300 criadores de cerdos y a 18 informantes clave identificados mediante la técnica de muestreo de bolas de nieve. Los datos fueron sometidos a estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Los resultados incluyen las ventajas nutricionales y de costo de la harina de yuca, la mayoría de los encuestados en su edad activa, ambos sexos tuvieron un alto nivel de conciencia en alimentos alternativos y similitudes en las preferencias para los métodos de capacitación, el modo y el facilitador. Se diferencian en las preferencias para el lugar de entrenamiento, la duración, el día y la hora. Los resultados de ANOVA revelaron que las preferencias de los agricultores y las agricultoras por la logística de capacitación difieren significativamente (p

Using telecollaboration to promote intercultural competence in teacher training classrooms in Turkey and the USA

AbstractSince advances in computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools have made virtual exchanges readily available in educational practices, telecollaboration has been gaining traction as a means to provide practical experiences and cultural exposure to language learners and, more recently, teacher trainees. Drawing upon Byram’s (1997) model of intercultural communicative competence (ICC), this study examines 48 teacher trainees’ interculturality through a telecollaborative project between two teacher training classes from Turkey and the USA. This study relies on data generated by the participants throughout this telecollaborative project: weekly online discussion board posts within groups of six and post-project reflections. Although developing ICC is an arduous and prolonged task, the data analysis suggested that the participants’ experiences in this telecollaboration contributed to their emergent ICC through discussions on the topics of multicultural education and interactions with trainees from another educational context. Their intercultural learning is evidenced by their (1) awareness of heterogeneity in their own and interactants’ culture, (2) nascent critical cultural awareness, and (3) curiosity and willingness to learn more about the other culture. Thus, this study implies that telecollaboration offers an effective teacher training venue that affords teacher trainees with first-hand intercultural encounters to engage with otherness and prepare for their ethnolinguistically diverse classrooms.

Cosmological Orientation in Promoting the Enrollment in Short-Term Mobile Skill-Trainings: A Narrative Inquiry on Women's Lives in Nepal

The Government of Nepal has prioritized the need of mobile skill-training program for imparting the skill-training opportunities to the potential beneficiaries in their own settlement both in urban and rural areas. It is different from the centrally based training program as it is conducted by setting temporary training venues in particular settlement where the training participants are residing in the majority. This paper describes how adult women exhibit readiness to participate in the short-term mobile skill-training program in Nepal. The paper is based on a qualitative study with an interpretative paradigm following the narrative inquiry approach. The four participants were selected based on their experiences of receiving the training through mobile skill training program and currently employed in the trained trades. The interpretations of their life stories reveals that women in Nepal choose to enroll in the short-term mobile skill-training program as they believe it to be a gateway for them to get social recognition. Likewise, they prefer closer training venue and short duration training program due to their responsibilities towards their family. The findings of this research are useful in framing appropriate plans and policies for conducting short-term vocational training programs in mobile venues for bringing socio-economic changes in women's lives by respecting their family value system.

Virtual simulation of zero-point alignment for industrial robots

Zero-position regulation training is a compulsory course for industrial robot training. Generally, the zero-point regulation of industrial robots was completed by beginners through the actual equipment. However, the training based on practical equipment was restricted by training venues, training scale, and equipment reliability. It can’t satisfy the requirements of actual training. A wider training environment of robots was provided by the technology of virtual simulation in this paper. And the problems of complex equipment and expensive price in the practical process can be solved effectively. Virtual simulation of zero alignment of Kuka industrial robot is an important subject. The performance of trajectory planning and kinematics were studied. And the accuracy was verified in the paper. This paper gives A brief description of zero alignment were assumed by the paper. A three-dimensional model of Kuka industrial robot was built by SolidWorks, 3DMax and other three-dimensional software Its main characteristics were analysed based on the 3D model. And the zero alignment of Kuka industrial robot was simulated by the virtual reality software. In addition, the virtual simulation environment and the main function of the system were constructed. The project was debugged at last.

Dual-career through the elite university student-athletes' lenses: The international FISU-EAS survey.

Athletes have the right to combine their sport and higher education careers (e.g., dual career), but differences in the recognition of the student-athlete’s status and availability of dual career programmes and services exist worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dual career phenomenon through the international student-athletes’ views. Student-athletes competing at the 2017 Summer Universiade were recruited to respond a 31-item online survey encompassing demographic characteristics (Q1-8), sport and university engagement (Q9-13), student-athletes’ knowledge and possible sources of information regarding dual career (Q14-22); and dual career support at personal, sport, and academic levels (Q23-31). Four hundred twenty-six respondents (males: 46%, females 54%), competing in 22 different sports (individual: 74%, team: 26%) from Africa (4%), America (20%), Asia (34%), Europe (39%), and Oceania (3), had experienced previous international sports events (94%). Differences among continents emerged for sport (p<0.001) and university (p = 0.039) engagement, and transfer time from home to the training venue (p = 0.030). Individual sports student-athletes showed higher sport engagement (p = 0.003) compared to team sports counterparts. Differences among university majors emerged for university engagement (p<0.001). Long absence from classes (57%), limited leisure time (50%), financial uncertainty (44%), reduction of training due to education (42%), and overload feelings (37%) emerged. The majority of the sample resulted not familiar with dual career programmes (60%) and public authorities (69%), envisaging national dual career policies at university (37%) and sport (25%) levels. Multiple relevant dual career supporters at personal, sport, and university levels were identified, mainly parents (86%) and coaches (65%). To strengthen the potential of the student-athletes of the future, a dual career network should be established among several stakeholders, for transnational cooperation and sharing of knowledge and best practices through extensive communication between policy-makers, practitioners and those having a strong supportive dual career role (e.g., parents, coaches, and university sport staff).

Study on subjective sensation and physiological reaction with high physical activity influenced by air temperature of stadium

As the main venue for sports training and competition, the thermal environment of a stadium directly could affect the comfort and health of a moving body and sports performance. In this study, the quantitative relationship between ambient temperature and subjective sensation evaluation was established by monitoring the actual thermal sensation evaluation, fatigue sensation cognition and physiological response with high physical activity, under different conditions of ambient temperature. The results show that 90% of subjects can actually accept an ambient temperature range of 18.6°C–26°C. This is 2°C higher than the maximum recommended range in the ISO 7730:2005 thermal comfort standard, reflecting a strong tolerance of the moving human body to low or high temperature environments. A high temperature environment could cause exercise fatigue to occur prematurely. Moreover, the study suggests that the critical point for early occurrence of fatigue sensation in a moving human body is 28°C. The relationship between the environmental temperature and the physiological response was evaluated by mean skin temperature, blood pressure and heart rate of the human body. These are used as evaluation indexes of physiological parameters. Ambient temperature has a significant effect on the objective physiological response of the moving human body, which coincides with the subject’s definition of subjective sensory evaluation to the ambient temperature.

Tai Chi for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review protocol.

Background:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease with increasing morbidity and mortality that cause huge social and economic loss. Although recommended by guidelines, pulmonary rehabilitation has not been widely applied in clinics because of its inherent limitations. Free from restrictions of specific training venues and equipment, Tai Chi, as a kind of pulmonary rehabilitation, has been used to cure the COPD, yet the efficacy and safety of Tai Chi remains to be assessed. In this study, we aim to draw up a protocol for systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tai Chi for COPD.Methods:We will search the following electronic databases from inception to December 31, 2018: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Springer, EMBASE, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. Clinical trial registrations, potential gray literatures, relevant conference abstracts and reference list of identified studies will also be searched. The literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be completed by 2 independent authors. Either the fixed-effects or random-effects model will be used for data synthesis based on the heterogeneity test. Changes in lung function will be evaluated as the primary outcome. Symptom assessment, quality of life (SGRQ), medication usage, exacerbations, and adverse events will be assessed as the secondary outcomes. The RevMan V.5.3.5 will be used for Meta-analysis.Results:This study will provide a synthesis of current evidence of Tai Chi for COPD from several aspects, such as lung function, SGRQ, medication usage, exacerbations, and adverse events.Conclusion:The conclusion of our study will provide updated evidence to judge whether Tai Chi is an effective solution to COPD patients.PROSPERO registration number:PROSPERO CRD42019122791.

The cricketer’s shoulder: Not a classic throwing shoulder

ObjectivesTo describe the musculoskeletal adaptations inherent to the cricketers’ shoulder and determine potential predictors of shoulder injury in elite South African cricketers. DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study; SettingNon-clinical, at national cricket indoor training venues. ParticipantsOne hundred and six elite cricketers, representing 82% of the South African national and franchise teams, consent. A total of 105 cricketers (27 ± 4 years) were eligible for participation in this study. Main outcome measuresA pre-season shoulder screening battery including a shoulder function questionnaire, two ultrasonographic shoulder measurements and 14 musculoskeletal tests including pain provocation, range of motion, strength and flexibility was assessed. Non-contact dominant shoulder injuries were documented throughout the 2016/2017 season. ResultsThe musculoskeletal profile of a cricketer's shoulder is described. 17% (95%CI: 9–24%) of cricketers sustained an injury during the 2016/2017 season. Two of the 17 screening tests predicted seasonal dominant shoulder injury (p < 0.05): a dominant supraspinatus tendon thickness ≥5.85 mm (sensitivity: 72%, specificity: 63%) and non-dominant pectoralis minor length ≤12.85 cm (sensitivity: 83%, specificity: 55%). ConclusionThe musculoskeletal adaptations inherent to cricketing shoulders are distinctly different to the classic “thrower's shoulder” described in baseball. A thickened dominant supraspinatus tendon and a shortened non-dominant pectoralis minor muscle are risk factors for developing shoulder injury in this group. This identifies the need to investigate preventative strategies (strengthening/flexibility) and throwing workload management in cricketers with shoulder injury.

Aligning geriatric medicine fellowships with the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)

ABSTRACT Geriatric medicine fellowship programs provide comprehensive training to one-year clinical fellows and must demonstrate successful progression of competence among fellows by reporting on 23 milestones to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). The Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) is a model of care located throughout the United States and can serve as a training venue for fellows. We surveyed 113 fellowship program directors with a response rate of 42% (n = 48). The purpose of the survey was to assess: (1) familiarity and access to PACE and (2) perceived value of PACE to the fellowship program with regard to training and ability to achieve success in the 23 reporting milestones. Milestones involving communication and team management skills were most consistently identified as very valuable with a PACE clinical rotation. We then convened a focus group of four PACE medical directors who developed a fellowship curriculum for use in training fellows at PACE. We discuss the limitations of our design as well as the opportunities to build on the strengths of that model as a training site for fellows.

Preparing social workers to affect policy: the parliament as a venue for training

ABSTRACTSocial work education has a major role in preparing social workers to engage in policy practice intended to impact policies which can affect the well-being of their service users and address social problems. Legislative advocacy is one of these strategies. This article describes and evaluates an innovative 4-day intensive course on legislative advocacy for MSW students from two schools of social work, which took place within Israel’s parliament and drew upon elements of active and experiential learning. The evaluation study was based on a nonequivalent comparison group design with pretest (a month before the course)–posttest (4 months after the completion of the course) measurements. The study group consisted of the 29 students who participated in the intensive course while the comparison group consisted of 33 students who did not. The study, which employed quantitative tools along with open-ended questions, revealed that the course succeeded in accomplishing some of its desired outcomes. Compared to a group of their peers, the course enhanced the participants’ knowledge on the parliament and on legislative advocacy, their political interest, their perceived legislative advocacy skills, and the likelihood that they will engage in legislative advocacy in the future.

Thinking Outside the Box: Are We Ready for Teleprecepting to Expand Training and Practice Venues?

A significant challenge related to nurse practitioner (NP) training is the shortage of clinical sites with qualified faculty to precept NP interns. The problem is compounded in rural communities with provider shortages, restricting their opportunities to train (and potentially recruit) new APRNs. Consequently, these underserved communities have difficulty accessing specialty providers, such as Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners (PMHNPs). Combined with geographic distance from urban communities and generally lower pay, many rural and/or remote communities struggle with the disparity in contrast to more populated regions. A needs assessment of an underserved county with poor access to psychiatric services suggests that contracted telepsychiatry was costly and failed to address the long-term dearth of local psychiatric providers. Stakeholders reported that local RNs (and possibly FNPs) were employed by the local hospital and that a subgroup may have aptitude and interest in psychiatry if a university program and preceptors were available. Collaborating with an urban PMHNP program, televideo technology for clinical training and preceptor development offers a solution to the dearth of preceptors. A pilot intervention will use teleprecepting aimed at establishing best practice guidelines for implementation of this novel approach to expanding the clinical training and capacity in rural and under-served communities.

Reordering Nature: Power Politics in the Mughal Shikargah

Abstract The Mughal shikargah (hunting ground) defies conventional spatial and functional definitions. Although fragmentary, references to the imperial shikargah in Indo- Mughal literature, memoirs, biographies, gazetteers, and documents suggest that the typology of the shikargah cannot be reduced simply to one form of natural terrain; nor was hunting game its sole purpose. The shikargah was conceptualized to accommodate multifarious functions. Whether areas of wilderness or dedicated preserves, the spaces used for hunting were transformed into public arenas in which the emperors could enact the hunt. In addition, other alterations to the natural environment enabled the occurrence of courtly activities. As the stage for imperial ceremonials and for the meting out of justice, or as sites of encampment and halting during royal inspection tours, the shikargah was inextricably linked to the administration and bureaucracy of the Mughal Empire. The hunt was also a pretext to mobilize armies for reconnaissance and intimidation of restive provinces, during which the shikargah became a venue for military training and armed intervention. Using the framework of the hunt to interpret natural landscapes, this article aims to examine the physical and political processes of modification underlying the Mughal shikargah, those that carried with them semiotics of political power and control.

Community-based rehabilitation training after stroke: results of a pilot randomised controlled trial (ReTrain) investigating acceptability and feasibility

ObjectivesTo assess acceptability and feasibility of trial processes and the Rehabilitation Training (ReTrain) intervention including an assessment of intervention fidelity.DesignA two-group, assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial with parallel mixed methods process...

Perspectives on Sharing Models and Related Resources in Computational Biomechanics Research.

The role of computational modeling for biomechanics research and related clinical care will be increasingly prominent. The biomechanics community has been developing computational models routinely for exploration of the mechanics and mechanobiology of diverse biological structures. As a result, a large array of models, data, and discipline-specific simulation software has emerged to support endeavors in computational biomechanics. Sharing computational models and related data and simulation software has first become a utilitarian interest, and now, it is a necessity. Exchange of models, in support of knowledge exchange provided by scholarly publishing, has important implications. Specifically, model sharing can facilitate assessment of reproducibility in computational biomechanics and can provide an opportunity for repurposing and reuse, and a venue for medical training. The community's desire to investigate biological and biomechanical phenomena crossing multiple systems, scales, and physical domains, also motivates sharing of modeling resources as blending of models developed by domain experts will be a required step for comprehensive simulation studies as well as the enhancement of their rigor and reproducibility. The goal of this paper is to understand current perspectives in the biomechanics community for the sharing of computational models and related resources. Opinions on opportunities, challenges, and pathways to model sharing, particularly as part of the scholarly publishing workflow, were sought. A group of journal editors and a handful of investigators active in computational biomechanics were approached to collect short opinion pieces as a part of a larger effort of the IEEE EMBS Computational Biology and the Physiome Technical Committee to address model reproducibility through publications. A synthesis of these opinion pieces indicates that the community recognizes the necessity and usefulness of model sharing. There is a strong will to facilitate model sharing, and there are corresponding initiatives by the scientific journals. Outside the publishing enterprise, infrastructure to facilitate model sharing in biomechanics exists, and simulation software developers are interested in accommodating the community's needs for sharing of modeling resources. Encouragement for the use of standardized markups, concerns related to quality assurance, acknowledgement of increased burden, and importance of stewardship of resources are noted. In the short-term, it is advisable that the community builds upon recent strategies and experiments with new pathways for continued demonstration of model sharing, its promotion, and its utility. Nonetheless, the need for a long-term strategy to unify approaches in sharing computational models and related resources is acknowledged. Development of a sustainable platform supported by a culture of open model sharing will likely evolve through continued and inclusive discussions bringing all stakeholders at the table, e.g., by possibly establishing a consortium.

The inheritance of values in Sundanese song of Cianjuran in West Java

&lt;p&gt;This article examines the issue of inheritance that occurs in the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran. During this time, the inheritance is dominated by the transfer of skills only, while the transfer of value tends to be ignored. Consequently, the public cannot grasp the value of what is important to Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, so that over time the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran being abandoned. Through research conducted by observation into the studio and the training venues of Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, and interviews with the artists of Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, the study results showed two things. First, the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran contains the value both in lyrics and music accompaniment, in the lyrics have meaning is quite diverse, whereas the musical accompaniment contains any value in the form of symbolic treatment. Second, the process of inheritance value, on the one hand, occurs at certain times through a casual chat after training Sundanese Song of Cianjuran finished, and on the other hand, the value of inheritance is one drawback in the regeneration of Sunda Cianjuran song, because teachers tend to pass on the skills aspect alone.&lt;/p&gt;

The Management System Innovation, Organizational Reform and Organizational culture of colleges and Universities' Adult Trainings

The idea of lifelong education has aroused great concern of domestic researchers for adult non-academic training. Colleges and universities, as the main venue for adult training, provide the basic guarantee for the training of talents in our country. This also makes the social service function of colleges and universities become increasingly prominent under the current social background. However, in the aspects of the management system and organizational reform, the college adult training shall be differentiated from normal talent cultivation and construct an organizational structure with features such as networking and diversification. Only that would lay a good foundation for the development of colleges' adult training industry. Based on this, this study analyzes the management system innovation, organizational change and organizational culture and characteristics of adult training in colleges and hopes to improve the management of adult training in colleges and universities.

Wearable physiological monitoring for human thermal-work strain optimization.

Safe performance limits of soldiers and athletes have typically relied on predictive work-rest models of ambient conditions, average work intensity, and characteristics of the population. Bioengineering advances in noninvasive sensor technologies, including miniaturization, reduced cost, power requirements, and comfort, now make it possible to produce individual predictions of safe thermal-work limits. These precision medicine assessments depend on the development of thoughtful algorithms based on physics and physiology. Both physiological telemetry and thermal-strain indexes have been available for >50 years, but greater computing power and better wearable sensors now make it possible to provide actionable information at the individual level. Core temperature can be practically estimated from time series heart rate data and, using an adaptive physiological strain index, provides meaningful predictions of safe work limits that cannot be predicted from only core temperature or heart rate measurements. Early adopters of this technology include specialized occupations where individuals operate in complete encapsulation such as chemical protective suits. Emerging technologies that focus on heat flux measurements at the skin show even greater potential for estimating thermal-work strain using a parsimonious sensor set. Applications of these wearable technologies include many sports and military training venues where inexperienced individuals can learn effective work pacing strategies and train to safe personal limits. The same strategies can also provide a technologically based performance edge for experienced workers and athletes faced with novel and nonintuitive physiological challenges, such as health care providers in full protective clothing treating Ebola patients in West Africa in 2014. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This mini-review details how the application of computational techniques borrowed from signal processing and control theory can provide meaningful advances for the applied physiological problem of real-time thermal-work strain monitoring. The work examines the development of practical core body temperature estimation techniques and how these can be used in combination with current and updated thermal-work strain indexes to provide objective state assessments and to optimize work rest schedules for a given task.

THE BACKGROUND OF MARKET IDEOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BELADIRI AIKIDO IN BALI

Quite a lot of Balinese people nowadays are pursuing different martial arts coming from other nations, among others is Aikido. Aikido as one of the martial arts of Japan can be accepted and is growing well in Bali which has the background of market ideology as one of the impacts of globalization. The development process of Aikidoin Bali both in addition to the number of training venues (Dojo) and improving the quality of the participants’ techniques (Aikidoka) under the supervisionof Bali Aikido Master Organization (Bari Aikikai) which has been established since 1997. By questioning what kind of ideology is working in the development of Aikido Martial Arts in Bali, this research is a qualitative research which applies the Hypereality theory of Jean Baudrillard.&#x0D; Result of the research shows that the development of aikido martial arts in Bali both in the development of the dojo and the aikidokaare in the process to reach certain levels. In order to reach both, the allocation of time and funds are required. Bari aikikai is a Japan subordinate of aikidomartial arts organization (Nihon Aikikai). Everything related to the development of aikido martial art in Bali is done through Bari Aikikai. The Japanese as the cultural owner and discourse producer play an important role in relation to the market ideology in it. This condition and realitycan be seen in the development process of aikido martial art in Bali. Both the dojo and aikidoka managers spend a lot of money in terms of training in the form of compulsory dues and other dues payment. This research also found a new paradigm that behind the acceptance and development of aikidomartial artsas the globalization of culture, there is market ideology behind the discourse.

CONCUSSIONS IN JAPANESE HIGH SCHOOL RUGBY PLAYERS: RESEARCH ON INJURIES, SYMPTOMS, AND SIGNS

BackgroundIn Japan, sports-related concussions have been a subject of active research in recent years. Among sports played in Japan, concussions occur most frequently in rugby football.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study...