Transfer Of Training Research Articles

Social Support for Training Effectiveness: Mediating Training Transfer Motivation and Moderating Transfer Design

Organizations invest in training and development to enhance their productivity. But, evidence proved the low effectiveness of the training because of the poor training transfer. Thus, training effectiveness is a permanent issue in developing human competencies and organizational performance. This study examined the effect of social support, that is, supervisor and peer support on training effectiveness, that is, training transfer, training maintenance, and training generalization with the moderated mediation effect of training transfer design and training transfer motivation. This study followed positivist epistemology on cross-section survey data collected from banking employees using multi-stage sampling. Hayes’s approach was used to test hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed a significant positive effect of social support on training effectiveness. Results revealed that peer support is vital in comparison to supervisory support to enhance training effectiveness. Training transfer motivation mediated the effect of peer support and transfer motivation predicting training effectiveness. The study concluded that optimal positive support from peers and supervisors is essential to enhance training effectiveness; the higher training transfer motivation of trainees further supports the relationship. This study emphasizes the significance of workplace factors to increase training transfer effectiveness, providing practical and theoretical implications.

Compositional Zero-Shot Domain Transfer with Text-to-Text Models

Abstract Label scarcity is a bottleneck for improving task performance in specialized domains. We propose a novel compositional transfer learning framework (DoT51) for zero-shot domain transfer. Without access to in-domain labels, DoT5 jointly learns domain knowledge (from masked language modelling of unlabelled in-domain free text) and task knowledge (from task training on more readily available general-domain data) in a multi-task manner. To improve the transferability of task training, we design a strategy named NLGU: We simultaneously train natural language generation (NLG) for in-domain label-to-data generation, which enables data augmentation for self-finetuning and natural language understanding (NLU) for label prediction. We evaluate DoT5 on the biomedical domain and the resource-lean subdomain of radiology, focusing on natural language inference, text summarization, and embedding learning. DoT5 demonstrates the effectiveness of compositional transfer learning through multi-task learning. In particular, DoT5 outperforms the current state-of-the-art in zero-shot transfer by over 7 absolute points in accuracy on RadNLI. We validate DoT5 with ablations and a case study demonstrating its ability to solve challenging NLI examples requiring in-domain expertise.

Predicting Training Transfer of Oxygen Therapy During COVID-19: Theory of Planned Behavior Application

Introduction: Patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms need respiratory support. Therefore, nurses should use oxygen therapy knowledge and skills to treat such patients. Despite heavy investment in health care training to improve nurses’ skills, such as oxygen therapy skills, only a small portion of training is transferred to the workplace. Objective: The present study aims to predict training transfer (use of oxygen therapy in the workplace) among nurses using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses who participated in the oxygen therapy workshop and was selected using the method proposed by a random sample of 127 nurses. The TPB questionnaire and the oxygen therapy checklist were used to collect data. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was applied. Results: The results showed that nurses’ attitudes toward oxygen therapy (β=0.358, 95%CI, 0.182%-0.542%, P=0.01), subjective norms regarding oxygen therapy (β=0.246 95%CI, 0.0.018%-0.223%, P=0.01), and perceived behavioral control over oxygen therapy (β=0.229, 95%CI, 0.050%-0.264%, P=0.01) are significant predictors of intention toward oxygen therapy application. Moreover, the results showed that perceived behavioral control over oxygen therapy (β=0.412, 95%CI, 0.226%-0.499%, P=0.01) and intention toward the use of oxygen therapy (β=0.360, 95%CI, 0.241%-0.640%, P=0.01) are significant predictors of nurses’ actual use of oxygen therapy. Conclusion: The TPB can predict the intention to use oxygen therapy and the actual use of oxygen therapy in nursing staff. Therefore, this theory can guide health officials to create a suitable environment for using oxygen therapy.

Learning modular language-conditioned robot policies through attention

Training language-conditioned policies is typically time-consuming and resource-intensive. Additionally, the resulting controllers are tailored to the specific robot they were trained on, making it difficult to transfer them to other robots with different dynamics. To address these challenges, we propose a new approach called Hierarchical Modularity, which enables more efficient training and subsequent transfer of such policies across different types of robots. The approach incorporates Supervised Attention which bridges the gap between modular and end-to-end learning by enabling the re-use of functional building blocks. In this contribution, we build upon our previous work, showcasing the extended utilities and improved performance by expanding the hierarchy to include new tasks and introducing an automated pipeline for synthesizing a large quantity of novel objects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach through extensive simulated and real-world robot manipulation experiments.

Testing formal cognitive models of classification and old-new recognition in a real-world high-dimensional category domain

Categorization and old-new recognition memory are closely linked topics in the cognitive-psychology literature and there have been extensive past efforts at developing unified formal modeling accounts of these fundamental psychological processes. However, the existing formal-modeling literature has almost exclusively used small sets of simplified stimuli and artificial category structures. The present work extends this literature by collecting both categorization and old-new recognition judgments on a large set of high-dimensional stimuli that form real-world category structures: namely, a set of 540 images of rocks belonging to the geologically-defined categories igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. Participants first engaged in a learning phase in which they classified large sets of training instances into these real-world categories. This was followed by a test phase in which they classified both training and novel transfer items into the learned categories and also judged whether each item was old or new. We attempted to model both the classification and recognition test data at the level of individual items. Ultimately, the categorization data were well fit by both an exemplar and clustering model, but not by a prototype model. Only the exemplar model was able to provide a reasonable first-order account of the old-new recognition data; however, the standard version of the model failed to capture the variability in hit rates within the class of old-training items themselves. An extended hybrid-similarity version of the exemplar model that made allowance for boosts in self-similarity due to matching distinctive features yielded much improved accounts of the old-new recognition data. The study is among the first to test cognitive-process models on their ability to account quantitatively for old-new recognition of real-world, high-dimensional stimuli at the level of individual items.

Reconsidering the Role of Error Encouragement in Error Management Training

Abstract: Error management training (EMT) combines low structure training with error-encouraging prompts to improve training transfer ( Frese et al., 1991 ), but error encouragement may be problematic for learners with limited attentional resources such as older learners. We examine whether the benefits of EMT can be realized without error encouragement by prompting the self-regulatory processes that underlie EMT’s success. One hundred fifty-three adults ages 18–70 participated in online spreadsheet training in one of three conditions: self-regulatory prompts, EMT prompts, or without prompts. The results showed no significant differences in post-training performance by condition nor age interactions with condition. However, participants who heard EMT prompts reported more error reflection than other participants. This study tests the theory underlying EMT and suggests unexplored boundary conditions.

Speech emotion recognition based on meta-transfer learning with domain adaption

Deep learning often requires large amounts of labeled data to train the model, which is not always readily available in the field of speech emotion recognition (SER). Related research work on SER in few shot conditions has reported problem with overfifitting and domain transfer of training. In this study, a few-shot learning method based on meta-transfer learning with domain adaption (MTLDA) is proposed for SER. It not only effectively reduces the over-fitting phenomenon of deep neural networks (DNN) trained with a small number of samples, but also solves the forgetting problem in meta-learning and the target domain adaptability problem in transfer learning. Experiments on three databases (i.e., CASIA is used for pre-training, Emo-DB and SAVEE are used for few-shot learning) are performed for few-shot learning of SER, from which the WAR is 65.12% and UAR is 64.50% on Emo-DB, and the WAR is 58.84% and UAR is 53.26% on SAVEE.

Factors influencing construction workers’ intention to transfer occupational health and safety training

The effectiveness of occupational health and safety (OHS) training programs is dependent on the extent to which workers transfer OHS knowledge, skills and abilities acquired from OHS training into post-training workplace performance. However, the lack of training transfer has long been a critical problem in the construction industry. As an attempt to gain a better understanding of the transfer of training, this research investigated factors affecting construction workers’ OHS training transfer intention. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data from Australian construction workers, and 295 valid responses were obtained. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to test the model of transfer intention adapted from the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Multigroup analysis was conducted to identify the similarities and differences in terms of factors affecting transfer intention among managerial/professional and non-managerial/manual construction workers. The research found that the TPB can be used to explain the transfer intention of OHS training among construction workers. Perceived behavioural control was found to be an antecedent of the intention to transfer among both groups of workers. However, attitudes only predicted transfer intention among managerial/professional workers, while subjective norms only predicted transfer intention among non-managerial/manual construction workers. The study provided a good understanding of the formation of transfer intention among managerial/professional and non-managerial/manual construction workers and identified critical factors influencing the transfer intention of these two groups. This new knowledge is useful for training providers and construction organisations to develop targeted strategies to increase the transfer of OHS skills and knowledge among construction workers and improve the effectiveness of OHS training.

Supervisor Training: A Promising Approach to Addressing Impairment in the Workplace.

This study presents a pilot evaluation of a new online training program created to improve supervisors' ability to protect worker safety by recognizing and responding to signs of impairment from diverse causes. The study design relied on a mixed-methods approach with two waves of surveys and interviews immediately after training completion and after 3 months to gauge changes in participants' perceived knowledge and competencies. Participants had a positive reaction to training and found it relevant to their job responsibilities and aligned with existing organizational safety programs, practices, and policies. There was statistically significant improvement in perceived impairment knowledge and competencies. The study also provided early indications of training transfer. The study offers encouraging results that may be used to improve the impairment recognition and response training for supervisors and support future investigations of its impact.

Plyometric Exercises: Optimizing the Transfer of Training Gains to Sport Performance.

Rapid force production and its transmission to the skeleton are important factors in movements that involve the stretch-shortening cycle. Plyometric exercises are known to augment this cycle and thereby improve the neuromechanical function of the muscle. However, the training exercises that maximize translation of these gains to sports performance are not well defined. We discuss ways to improve this transfer.

EVALUATING BASIC KNEE ARTHROSCOPY SKILLS IN ORTHOPAEDIC TRAINEES IN A LIMITED RESOURCE SETTING

AbstractBackgroundOrthopaedic training in Southern Africa is largely focused on trauma, although elective procedures, such as knee arthroscopy are increasing. This is especially true in the private sector where most trainees will practice. The primary aim of this study was to assess the arthroscopic competency of orthopaedic trainees in a setting of limited resources.MethodsA prospective observational cohort study was carried out. Orthopaedic trainees of a Southern African university hospital performed basic arthroscopy on a knee model. Their surgical competency was assessed by two surgeons proficient in arthroscopy using the modified Basic Knee Arthroscopy Skill Scoring System (mBAKSSS).ResultsA total of 16 trainees (12 male) were included (6 junior and 10 senior trainees). The median age of participants was 36 (34.8, 37). The median mBAKSSS was 28.0 (20.3, 32.5) but showed a large variability (12.0–42.5). The overall reliability was excellent with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.91 and interclass correlation of 0.91 [95% CI 0.75, 0.97].ConclusionsThe average knee arthroscopy proficiency of our trainees is comparable to those of international training programs, but there was great variability with inconsistent skills amongst the trainees. This calls for improved and reproducible arthroscopy training and skills transfer, exposure to procedures and ongoing assessment.

Training and continuous improvement: the moderation effect of transfer climate and the mediation influence of self-efficacy

PurposeAlthough training is essential to continuous improvement, scant literature examines post-training facilitators for continuous improvement. The study aims to explore the relationship between training and continuous improvement, the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderate role of training transfer climate.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes the questionnaire survey of 455 Vietnamese employees to test the link between continuous improvement training and continuous improvement, the moderate role of the training transfer climate and the mediating role of self–efficacy.FindingsResearch results reveal that training positively influences continuous improvement. Furthermore, self-efficacy fully intervenes in the link between training and continuous improvement. Finally, the training transfer climate positively moderates this link.Originality/valueAlthough the link between training and continuous improvement is suspicious, there is scant research on post-training facilitators of continuous improvement applications. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore the moderation role of transfer climate and the mediation role of self-efficacy in the relationship between training and continuous improvement.

Factors That Enhance and Hinder the Retention and Transfer of Online Pre-Clinical Skills Training to Facilitate Blended Learning.

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, various online instructional strategies in clinical skills training were piloted. The sudden transition to the remote platform circumvented the rigorous planning associated with curriculum reform. This study aimed to explore students' and tutors' perceptions of factors that promoted or hindered successful learning transfer and to propose a blended conceptual model to guide affective, cognitive, and psychomotor clinical skills training in the pre-clinical phase of medical education. A mixed-method quasi-experimental study assessed third-year students' transfer of clinical skills and knowledge following online learning in 2021. Students and their tutors completed online surveys that included open and closed-ended questions regarding factors influencing their experience of the adapted teaching methods. Descriptive statistical analysis was used for the quantitative data. Qualitative responses were thematically analyzed. One hundred fourteen students (48%) and seven tutors (100%) responded to the surveys. The questionnaires' internal consistency and construct validity were determined using Cronbach's α-Coefficient. There was an overall positive response (86%) to the acceptability of the online platform in clinical skills training. Using online simulations with targeted onsite practice was reported as effective in clinical skills training. Tutors perceived students as well-prepared for the skills laboratory. Five emergent themes, qualified by a linear model of asynchronous and synchronous online and onsite teaching with the evaluation of the instructional design and institutional support, informed the proposed blended learning guide for clinical skills training in the pre-clinical phase. Blended clinical skills learning that included the flipped classroom concept was well-accepted. Virtual patients proved a convenient cognitive preparation tool for skills training and potentially optimized teaching delivery. The study found that the adapted teaching frameworks incorporating an online clinical skills component into a modified onsite curriculum augmented learners' ability to transfer knowledge to the clinical skills laboratory. An integrated five-step blended model is proposed for future interventions.

Assessing the effectiveness of a sexual and reproductive health and rights training programme in changing healthcare practitioners’ attitudes and practices in low-income countries

ABSTRACT Introduction In low-income countries the utilisation of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services is influenced by healthcare practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes and practices. Despite awareness of the potential problems due to ingrained biases and prejudices, few approaches have been effective in changing practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning SRHR in low-income countries. Objectives 1) To assess whether participating in an SRHR international training programme (ITP) changed healthcare practitioners’ SRHR knowledge, SRHR attitudes and SRHR practices and 2) examine associations between trainees’ characteristics, their SRHR work environment and transfer of training. Methods A pre- and post-intervention study, involving 107 trainees from ten low-income countries, was conducted between 2017 and 2018. Paired samples t-test and independent samples t-test were used to assess differences between trainees’ pre- and post-training scores in self-rated SRHR knowledge, attitudes, knowledge seeking behaviour and practices. Linear regression models were used to examine association between trainees’ baseline characteristics and post-training attitudes and practices. Results Trainees’ self-rated scores for SRHR knowledge, attitudes and practices showed statistically significant improvement. Baseline high SRHR knowledge was positively associated with improvements in attitudes but not practices. High increases in scores on knowledge seeking behaviour were associated with higher practice scores. No statistically significant associations were found between scores that measured changes in SRHR knowledge, attitudes and practices. Conclusion The findings indicate that the ITP was effective in improving trainees’ self-rated scores for SRHR knowledge, attitudes and behaviours (practices). The strongest association was found between improvement in SRHR knowledge seeking behaviour and the improvement in SRHR practices. This suggests that behaviour intention may have a central role in promoting fair open-minded SRHR practices among healthcare practitioners in low-income countries.

Lessons learnt and lessons missed from flight simulation.

This article reviews progress in the development of technologies used in flight simulation and in the training of dentists, drawing out the similarities in training objectives and the limitations of the training devices. It summarises the advances in pilot training with recognised international standards for the construction and acceptance of training devices, noting the impact of flight simulation as a major contributor to the improvements in flight safety. Attention is drawn to the positive transfer of training from synthetic training to airborne operations. The evolution of training methods in dentistry is described covering virtual reality and haptic simulation. The distinction is drawn that tactile feel and visualisation, which is very different from other forms of simulation, is critical to the introduction of synthetic training in dentistry. In particular, progress in methods to provide haptic technologies is reviewed and the importance of novel methods of visualisation, specific to dentistry, are reviewed. This article concludes by outlining progress in flight simulation that is relevant to synthetic training in dentistry but also stresses the differences between the two disciplines. The progress and limitations of flight simulation and the current status and future of synthetic training in dentistry are described, highlighting the potential benefits of lower-cost haptic devices and the lack of standardisation.

Assessing the impact of LEGO® construction training on spatial and mathematical skills.

Lego construction ability is associated with a variety of spatial skills and mathematical outcomes. However, it is unknown whether these relations are causal. We aimed to establish the causal impact of Lego construction training on: Lego construction ability; a broad range of spatial skills; and on mathematical outcomes in 7-9-year-olds. We also aimed to identify how this causal impact differs for digital versus physical Lego construction training. One-hundred and ninety-eight children took part in a six-week training programme, delivered twice weekly as a school lunch time club. They completed either physical Lego training (N=59), digital Lego training (N=64), or an active control condition (crafts; N=75). All children completed baseline and follow-up measures of spatial skills (disembedding, visuo-spatial working memory, spatial scaling, mental rotation, and performance on a spatial-numerical task, the number line task), mathematical outcomes (geometry, arithmetic, and overall mathematical skills) and Lego construction ability. Exploratory analyses revealed evidence for near transfer (Lego construction ability) and some evidence for far transfer (arithmetic) of Lego training, but overall transfer was limited. Despite this, we identified key areas for further development (explicit focus on spatial strategies, training for teachers, and embedding the programme within a mathematical context). The findings of this study can be used to inform future development of Lego construction training programmes to support mathematics learning.

Research on New Employee Training Management of Dalian New Oriental Training School Co., Ltd

As an important link of human resource management, training is the main means of preserving and increasing the value of human resources. In particular, new employee training is the basis and premise for new employees to carry out their work, which can effectively improve the competence of new employees in actual work, thereby promoting the improvement of enterprise economic efficiency, and has been valued by more and more enterprises.Dalian New Oriental Training School Co., Ltd is a branch of New Oriental Education Technology Group and is currently the largest education and training enterprise in Dalian market. Since its establishment, the company has been in a state of rapid development, and a large number of new employees will be recruited and trained every year. However, due to the immature training system of new employees and imperfect training guidance, the turnover rate of new employees is high, and the training costs paid by enterprises cannot be effectively converted into economic benefits. According to the main links of the training management model, this paper collects and organizes Dalian new oriental training school co., Ltd using the document method, questionnaire survey method and in-depth interview method Relevant information in the management of new employee training, and analyzed the problems in the management of existing training. According to the existing problems, combined with the main theoretical models such as training transfer theory, training demand analysis model, and Kirkoff training evaluation model, targeted optimization measures are proposed to improve the main links in training management and improve the training management performance of new employees. Dalian new oriental training school co., Ltd needs to do a good job in the process of “training needs analysis, training design, training implementation, training effect evaluation” and other processes to optimize the existing training management, and also needs to ensure the existing optimization measures from the institutional level, personnel level and resource level. Through Dalian new oriental training school co., Ltd The research on new employee training mainly has the following conclusions of training management: First, new employee training should serve the organizational strategy, and take the organizational strategy and customer needs as the direction of new employee training; In addition, a reasonable training system and process should be built in training management. Second, the training needs analysis should fully consider the needs of new employees and enhance the sense of belonging of new employees. Third, in the early stage of training, it is necessary to enhance the organizational loyalty and commitment of new employees, help new employees establish values that are highly compatible with the organizational culture, and reduce the turnover rate of new employees. Fourth, before training, it is necessary to create the necessary environment to make new employees feel valued; In addition, the focus of new employee training supervision is on training attitudes. Fifth, Dalian new oriental training school co., Ltd new employee training effect evaluation, should be based on constructive evaluation, supplemented by summary evaluation, continuous tracking of behavior layer and result evaluation, use evaluation to improve existing training.

DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK OLAHAN IKAN UNTUK MENCEGAH KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK

Background:
 The results of the community's livelihood as fishermen in the Bestari Fisherman's Village are caught fish such as tuna, tuna and skipjack. This fish is caught by fishermen using a chart. People are not fully aware of the benefits of consuming fish. Processed fish products can be used as a source of protein for pregnant women and can prevent stunting in children. Pregnant women can consume fish so start preparing for the first 1,000 days of life.
 Method: 
 This community service activity begins with the data collection stage for partners and the results of observations, the preparation stage, the activity implementation stage by conducting training and knowledge transfer and ending with monitoring and evaluation. The method used in this community service is to provide knowledge transfer related to the diversification of processed fish products in the form of healthy snacks for school-age children to prevent stunting in children as well as provide entrepreneurship training and technology-based online product marketing done at home.
 Result:
 The basic ingredients of fish are very easy to obtain by the local community. The results of diversification of processed fish into healthy snacks can be produced by partners and partners can disseminate processed fish products through online media sales.

Analysis of Variables Affecting Transfer of Training of Ministry of Employment and Labor Learning Organization

Analysis of Variables Affecting Transfer of Training of Ministry of Employment and Labor Learning Organization

Analyzing the Impact of Training Motivation in the Correlation between Training Design and Training Transfer from an Islamic Perspective

Objective - Training management literature emphasizes the designing of training programs consisting of three important elements: (1) training syllabus; (2) instructors' roles; and (3) superiors' support, which may lead to a high impact of training transfer in organizations. However, the role of training motivation as a mediator is given less emphasis in the training program. Therefore, this research aims to investigate and quantify the effect of training motivation in military training based on Islamic views. Methodology/Technique – A cross-sectional method was employed in this study, which allowed the researchers to integrate the training literature, the pilot study, and the survey as the main procedures to collect data. A convenience sampling technique distributed 329 self-administered questionnaires to the Malaysian Army and training establishment Muslim military personnel. Then, the survey questionnaire data were analyzed using SmartPLS path analysis. Finding – The outcomes of hypotheses testing showed these interesting findings: training motivation does act as an important mediating variable between training syllabus and instructors' roles in the relationship with training transfer. At the same time, there is no mediation effect in the relationship between superiors' support and training transfer. Novelty –The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the instrument used in this study satisfactorily met the standard of validity and reliability analyses. Furthermore, the SmartPLS path model analysis outcomes proved that training syllabus and instructors' roles were important predictors of trainees' training motivation in the organizations. Type of Paper: Empirical JEL Classification: M53, J24. Keywords: Training program; training motivation; training transfer; Islamic perspective. Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Zainol, N.A.M; Abidin, Z.Z. (2023). Analyzing the Impact of Training Motivation in the Correlation between Training Design and Training Transfer from an Islamic Perspective, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 11(2), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2023.11.2(2)