Training Situation Research Articles

Child abuse and neglect: A comparative study between dental and medical students' competencies in Germany.

Despite children's right to a non-violent upbringing, they become daily victims of violence. Physical violence concerns mostly the head-especially the orofacial area. Therefore, dentists and paediatricians should be able to suspect possible abuse and to initiate child protection. This study aimed to record and compare the training situation and competencies of dental and medical students at Jena University Hospital regarding child abuse and neglect (CAN). Using a three-part questionnaire about CAN, 123 medical and 77 dental students were surveyed anonymously after completing all courses on the topic. The question sets included as follows: (1) educational experiences, training content and satisfaction; (2) current knowledge regarding diagnostic, management and legal concerns; (3) self-evaluation, needs of further education and wishes. Reliability of the questionnaire was tested with kappa-statistics and assessed as good. Dental and medical students' overall satisfaction with CAN-related training is low. Although medical students had more knowledge on CAN, all participants showed large deficits. Better diagnostic than management skills were reported in both groups. Only 1.3% dental and 16.3% medical students felt adequately prepared to deal with CAN. 7% of all study participants stated that they can report CAN without any help. 87.0% of medical and 79.2% of dental students expressed a desire for further education. To improve their knowledge, both courses prefer seminars, followed by expert talks, lectures and simulation-based training (SkillsLab). Dental and medical students are inadequately prepared to suspect possible abuse and to deal with possible signs of CAN. Mandatory interdisciplinary courses and lectures addressing CAN are recommendable for both medical and dental curricula.

NG-NAS: Node growth neural architecture search for 3D medical image segmentation.

Neural architecture search (NAS) has been applied to design proper 3D networks for medical image segmentation. In order to reduce the computation cost in NAS, researchers tend to adopt weight sharing mechanism to search architectures in a supernet. However, recent studies state that the searched architecture rankings may not be accurate with weight sharing mechanism because the training situations are inconsistent between the searching and training phases. In addition, some NAS algorithms design inflexible supernets that only search operators in a pre-defined backbone and ignore the importance of network topology, which limits the performance of searched architecture. To avoid weight sharing mechanism which may lead to inaccurate results and to comprehensively search network topology and operators, we propose a novel NAS algorithm called NG-NAS. Following the previous studies, we consider the segmentation network as a U-shape structure composed of a set of nodes. Instead of searching from the supernet with a limited search space, our NG-NAS starts from a simple architecture with only 5 nodes, and greedily grows the best candidate node until meeting the constraint. We design 2 kinds of node generations to form various network topological structures and prepare 4 candidate operators for each node. To efficiently evaluate candidate node generations, we use NAS without training strategies. We evaluate our method on several public 3D medical image segmentation benchmarks and achieve state-of-the-art performance, demonstrating the effectiveness of the searched architecture and our NG-NAS. Concretely, our method achieves an average Dice score of 85.11 on MSD liver, 65.70 on MSD brain, and 87.59 in BTCV, which performs much better than the previous SOTA methods.

基于 Citespace 的英语语音习得研究知识图谱可视化分析

采用可视化知识图谱探究我国英语语音习得领域研究热点及发展趋势 , 论文选取CSSCI 来源期刊自 1998 年以来收录的、研究主题为英语语音习得的共 670 篇核心文献为数据来源，检索范围为 1998 年 1 月 1 日 -2022 年 2 月 28 日。通过CiteSpace 5.8.R3 （64-bit） 和 Excel 软件绘制出英语语音习得研究热点知识图谱。研究发现 , 我国英语语音习得研究聚焦于语音意识、外语教学、中介语与同化、双元音、二语习得等主题 , 未来英语语音习得 发展需重点关注英语语音训练不足、实践经验匮乏的现状，同时将更加重视运用跨学科视 角关注英语语音习得过程中心理问题与思想政治教学的融合。 Visual mapping knowledge domain was used to explore the research hotspots and trend in English phonological acquisition in China. A total of 670 core articles on English phonological acquisition collected in CSSCI journals since 1998 were selected as data sources from January 1, 1998 to February 28, 2022. Using CiteSpace 5.8.R3 (64-bit) and Excel software, the mapping knowledge domain of hot topics in English phonological acquisition is drawn. It is found that the research on English phonological acquisition in China focuses on such topics as phonological awareness, foreign language teaching, interlanguage and assimilation, diphthong, and second language acquisition. In the future, the development of English phonological acquisition should focus on the current situation of insufficient English phonological training and lack of practical experience. At the same time, more attention will be paid to the integration of psychological problems and ideological and political teaching in the process of English phonological acquisition from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Current situation in radiation oncology residency—Results of a national survey performed by the working group Young DEGRO of the German Society of Radiation Oncology

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the current status of the radiation oncology (RO) residency programs in Germany. For this, RO residents and RO specialists were surveyed regarding the current situation of the RO residency training and the working conditions in Germany.MethodsThe Continuing Education Section of the Young DEGRO (yDEGRO) Working Group of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) developed a survey to assess (1) the overall satisfaction, learning objectives, and teaching methods used during training; and (2) the perception of the importance of specific disease patterns in RO training. Open-ended questions were also asked to elicit opinions on areas for improvement. From 21 November to 27 December 2022, RO residents registered with DEGRO and/or in the working group yDEGRO were invited to participate anonymously in an online questionnaire.ResultsOverall, 97 participants completed the survey, including 65 RO residents (67%) and 32 RO specialists (33%); 66 (68%) of the respondents reported being employed in the university setting, 23 (23.7%) in the non-university setting, and 8 (8.3%) in private practice. Within the training, heterogeneity was found in the teaching methods used. In terms of knowledge transfer, the greatest importance was accorded to annual continuing education discussions with the head of the residency training (92.8%), participation in tumor boards (85.6%), written training concepts (81.4%), and evaluations at the beginning (76.3%) and end of a rotation (80.4%). The arithmetic mean of satisfaction with specialist training was 6/10 points (SD: 1.99); 88.7% of respondents would like to see a nationally uniform and mandatory curriculum in RO residency training.ConclusionThe study provides suggestions for improving RO medical training in Germany: further development of accompanying education and training programs in cooperation with professional associations, e.g., the DEGRO, structured feedback, and supervision.

Mikrodizi Veri Kümesi Üzerinde Doğadan İlham Alan Optimizasyon ile Birleştirilen Uyarlanabilir Ağ Tabanlı Bulanık Çıkarım Sistemi Kullanılarak T-ALL, B-ALL ve T-LL Malignitelerinin Sınıflandırılması

Leukemia is the formation of cancer with different characteristic findings. According to the progress type of disease in the body is called acute or chronic. Acute leukemias are characterized by the presence of blast cells that proliferate uncontrollably in the bone marrow and then go into the blood and tissues. Determination of T/B or non T/B cell class is important in the immunophenotypic evaluation related to subtypes of blast cells. Because the diagnosis and treatment processes of B-ALL, T-ALL and T-LL subtypes, which are composed of B and T cell lines, are different. Therefore, correct diagnosis is vital. In this study, the molecular diagnosis was provided for the accurate detection of T-ALL, B-ALL and T-LL subtypes through microarray datasets. But, microarray datasets have a multidimensional structure. Because it contains information related to the disease as well as information not related to the disease. This situation also affects the training situation and computational cost of the model. For this, the whale optimization algorithm was used in the first stage of the study. Thus, related genes were selected from the data set. Secondly, the selected potential genes were given as input to the ANFIS structure. Then, in order to improve the inference power, parameter optimization related to the membership function of the ANFIS structure was provided with ABC and PSO optimization algorithms. Finally, the predictions obtained from the ANFIS, ANFIS+ABC, and ANFIS+PSO methods for each sample were classified using the logistic regression algorithm and, an accuracy rate of 86.6% was obtained.

Temporal decline in serum PFAS concentrations among metropolitan firefighters: Longitudinal study on post-exposure changes following PFAS foam cessation

Firefighters are at a high risk of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to their frequent use of PFAS-containing foams in training and emergency situations. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the changes in serum PFAS levels among firefighters following cessation of their exposure to PFAS-containing foams. The study involved 130 firefighters from the South Australian Metropolitan Fire Services (SAMFS), and serum samples were collected at two time points: baseline in 2018–19 and follow-up in 2021–22. Along with the collection of samples, a survey questionnaire was administered to gather information on firefighters' employment and demographic characteristics. Regression models were employed to assess the association between these factors and the outcome variable (annual percentage change in serum PFAS concentration). The results indicated a decline in serum PFAS concentrations over time, with the main contaminants being perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The median and Interquartile Range (IQR) of total PFAS (∑PFAS) concentration reduced from 21.5 ng/ml (IQR: 11 to 53 ng/ml) at baseline to 15 ng/ml (IQR: 8 to 33 ng/ml) at follow-up. On average, there was an annual reduction of 13%, 7%, and 4.4% in serum concentrations of PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA, respectively. Firefighters under the age of 55, those who used PFAS in the past ten years, or those who had little to no frequency of PFAS exposure in their previous employment, encountered a significantly higher annual percentage reduction (P < 0.05) in both ∑PFAS and PFOS concentrations. None of the independent variables analysed could significantly predict the annual percentage change in PFOA and PFHxS.This study provides evidence for a declining temporal trend in serum PFAS concentrations among metropolitan firefighters following workplace interventions that involved the removal of PFAS-containing foams.

Pre-existing company contacts and premature termination of apprenticeship training in Germany

Using longitudinal data from Starting Cohort 4 of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we examined whether pre-existing strong ties and weak ties in the training company are associated with the risk of premature termination of apprenticeship training in Germany. This is highly relevant for the literature on social capital in the labor market since so far little is known about the role of social contacts for the turnover propensity of labor market entrants. By examining a potentially important factor for a successful labor market integration, our research also adds to both the school-to-work and the social stratification literature. Our empirical results are only partly consistent with our theoretically derived expectations. While contrary to our expectations, we found no association between strong ties and termination probability, weak ties were, as expected, associated with a lower probability of premature training termination among those apprentices who were trained in their desired occupation. Our main results, combined with several robustness checks, let us assume that this is due to better matched training situations.

MANAGEMENT OF TRAINING ACTIVITIES FOR TEACHING STAFF AT CAN THO COLLEGE, VIETNAM

With the topic "Management of training activities for teaching staff at Can Tho College", the study has systematized the theoretical basis of the management of training activities. It deals with a survey on the current situation of training the teaching staff of Can Tho College, Can Tho City, Vietnam, and proposes some measures to foster the teaching staff at Can Tho College, Can Tho City. On the basis of theoretical research and practical survey, the authors would propose 6 specific measures to manage training activities for teaching staff at Can Tho College. The proposed measures would affect all subjects and stages of the management process from raising the needs, planning, organizing, directing to checking and evaluating; impacting on all elements of the management of training activities of lecturers in order to foster, as well as diversify training activities to meet the needs of lecturers. Each proposed measure also has different goals, tasks and implementation, but in general, they are closely related, interact and complement each other. Therefore, those measures must be implemented in a synchronous, unified, flexible and flexible manner in order to achieve high results, meeting the requirements of improving the level and quality of teaching at the school today.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0056/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Research on the current situation and countermeasures of cultivating talents in recreational sports under the perspective of artificial intelligence

Abstract With the change of the fourth generation of information technology represented by artificial intelligence, higher education is gradually stepping into the stage of intelligent development, and leisure sports majors as one of the majors that are booming, which puts forward higher requirements on the teaching power of teachers of leisure sports majors. Therefore, studying the current situation of talent cultivation of leisure sports majors under artificial intelligence plays a good role in promoting the overall improvement of the teaching quality of leisure sports majors. In this paper, the current situation of talent training and classroom teaching of leisure sports majors is studied based on a convolutional neural network in the artificial intelligence perspective, and the framework of artificial intelligence technology for leisure sports education is constructed. It can be seen that the attitude of leisure sports students towards theory class is better; 40.93% think theory class is very important, 38.13% think theory class is more important, and 19.27% think the importance of theory class is average. Students’ attitudes toward practical classes were better than those toward theoretical classes, with 63.71% considering practical classes very important and 26.85% considering them more important. From the analysis results, we can see that there are still problems of weak basic theory research, confusion of cultivation goals, lack of science in curriculum setting, and lack of teachers in cultivating talents in leisure sports majors. In summary, this paper argues that colleges and universities and college teachers should take the initiative to apply the technical framework of artificial intelligence in leisure sports education, strengthen theoretical research, make up for the shortcomings of teaching materials, as well as integrate training objectives, improve curriculum settings, enhance faculty strength, investigate the talent specification needs of the market in-depth, proactively meet the arrival of the era of artificial intelligence, and contribute to the cultivation of talents in leisure sports majors.

USING CASE-STAD TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING CHEMISTRY

This article suggests approaches to the implementation of the case method as one of the leading teaching methods. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the scientific literature was carried out, which made it possible to identify the possibilities, advantages and advantages of this method, the purpose of its application and give examples of case classification. The article provides examples of training situations that can become the basis for the development of cases.

On the State of Training in Parent-Infant/Toddler Psychotherapy in Germany

Regulation disorders in early childhood and postpartum mental disorders of parents can be effectively treated by interventions that involve parents and child (so-called parent-infant psychotherapy, PIP). Availability of PIP in routine care remains low, even though the intervention is in high demand. This study aims to map the current situation of psychotherapy training in PIP in Germany, to record existing obstacles from the perspective of the institutes, and to obtain indications for improving training. Contact persons of training institutes all over Germany were invited to participate in an online survey. N = 95 persons answered questions about possible training in PIP and related advantages and hurdles as well as conditions for a future implementation. Nineteen (22.4 %) of the institutions indicated that PIP was part of their training concept. In 84.2 % of the cases this was aimed at child and adolescent psychotherapists. In 63.6 % of the institutes PIP was treated comprehensively. On average, 2.55 barriers were perceived, most frequently of an organizational nature. 75.9 % of the institutes that did not yet offer PIP would be willing to do so in the future under at least one condition. Among those conditions, information on PIP curricula and specific training content was most frequent (40.7 %).The low implementation of PIP in training seems to be mainly due to barriers of an organizational nature that can be overcome by some simple means, such as the dissemination of model curricula.

Field Test and Numerical Investigation of Tunnel Aerodynamic Effect Induced by High-Speed Trains Running at Higher Speeds

After decades of research in the field of high-speed railway technique, technology of running high-speed trains at the velocity level of 350 km/h gradually become mature. It is of great importance to capture the variation regular of aerodynamic parameters in the situation that the high-speed train runs at a higher speed level. The present paper is motivated by this knowledge gap, both field tests and numerical simulations were conducted to help illustrate the basic characteristic of transient pressure loads, micro-pressure wave, as well as the wave propagation inside the tunnel regrading train’s passage and intersection. Results present the major findings as: (1) Transient pressure loads acting at tunnel surface and train body unevenly distributes along the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical directions. Pressure peak along the longitudinal direction occurs nearly at tunnel center and fast decreases from the radiated center to the remote positions. (2) Variation of pressure peak near the tunnel portal in the situation of train’s passage and intersection is limited while its value becomes doubled at the intersection location. Field measurements suggest the maximum pressure load acting at tunnel sidewall at xtin = 200 m and tunnel center being 4.29 and 5.63 kPa, respectively; (3) The maximum value of micro-pressure wave (namely MPW) detected in the field test is approximately 36.73 Pa. Amplitude of MPW at tunnel portal is inversely proportional to its attenuated distance. Through data fitting, an empirical prediction model was established. Outcomes of this paper is anticipated to improve the understanding of tunnel aerodynamic effect regarding higher speed level and its associated problems. Besides, findings of this paper are useful for the future tunnel design.

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in European Higher Education

The following article discusses Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in European higher education, which has become popular in recent years due to the status of English as a foreign language. Firstly, the difference between CLIL and English Medium Instruction (EMI) is explained, then CLIL modules in higher education are presented. Furthermore, CLIL special pedagogy in higher education is described. The subsequent section is devoted to the benefits and challenges of CLIL in higher education as listed in the literature; finally, insight into research on language in the CLIL higher education context is addressed. The data presented in the article is based on an in-depth literature review and research conducted in higher education institutions in Europe. The findings show that even though CLIL has become a popular approach in higher education in recent years, adapting this concept has been a great challenge due to the very little preparation, proper methodological training and complex linguistic learning situations.

Method for detecting the source of radio interference affecting train radio communication in the band of 2.13 and 2.15 MHz

There are many factors that infl uence the process of organising train movements, quality radio communication being one of the most important. The intelligibility of the dispatcher’s commands to the driver is important in deciding what action to take, and in informing the dispatcher of the train situation on a particular section of the track. Sources of radio interference that have an interfering effect on the quality of the train radio signal are natural and artifi cial interference. The sources are mainly low-frequency interference. One of the constant sources of high-frequency emissions that affect stable operation of train radio communications refers to discharges generated in the high-voltage insulation of power lines, including discharges generated in the insulation of overhead wires. Spark discharges, the source of radio interference, occur both on the surface of the insulator (usually called surface partial discharges (SPD)) and inside the insulation (such discharges are called partial discharges (PD)). In the operation of high voltage insulation, those insulators that contain PD and PPD are called defective insulators. PD and PD diagnostics are carried out twice a year by means of a laboratory car. Discharge registration is performed in the visible and ultraviolet range. There are acoustic methods for registering PD and SPD. It is proposed to register discharges in the electromagnetic frequency range. For prompt detection radio interference, it is recommended to place antennas on the laboratory car, and combine measurements with current diagnostics of high-voltage insulation, that will allow increasing reliability of the results received in the course of diagnostics. To increase the accuracy of radio interference source detection, two antennas are considered to be placed on the laboratory car.

Position paper of the German Society of Rheumatology e.V.(DGRh) regarding the situation of advanced training in the discipline of rheumatology in Germany

Position paper of the German Society of Rheumatology e.V.(DGRh) regarding the situation of advanced training in the discipline of rheumatology in Germany

Simulation Analysis and Online Monitoring of Suspension Frame of Maglev Train

A maglev train is a new type of high-speed railway transportation. A high-temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev system is one of the typical representatives in the field of maglev trains. In order to research the levitation characteristics of an HTS maglev train, the force characteristics and operation performance of the train were researched. However, at present, there is still no research that simulates the real load situation of a running maglev train while analyzing the suspension frame. Regarding this issue, in this paper, the suspension frame is simulated and analyzed to simulate the real load situation of a maglev train. The results show that the suspension frame of an HTS maglev train can bear corresponding loads under different working conditions, and its strength and stiffness meet the requirements of use, safety, and reliability. Random irregularity in the permanent magnet track of an HTS maglev train route is inevitable, which will make the suspension frame produce a vibration response under different running speeds of the train. Vibration of the suspension frame of the train is inevitable. For the electromagnetic levitation (EMS) train, researchers considered monitoring the train status. However, at present, there is no suspension frame condition monitoring device for an HTS maglev train. In addition, the levitation height of the suspension frame affects the suspension performance and traction performance of the vehicle, and the vibration of the suspension frame during running affects the dynamic performance and safety of the suspension frame and the vehicle. Regarding the issue above, through a suspension frame monitoring system, the lateral and vertical vibration acceleration and levitation height of the suspension frame are monitored at different train speeds. The maximum value of vibration acceleration and the fluctuation range of levitation height are within the safe range. It is verified that the simulation analysis of the suspension frame of an HTS maglev train is correct, the suspension frame is safe, and the train can run safely.

Analysis of the current situation and development countermeasures of college sports training and management based on the background of artificial intelligence

Abstract To solve the problems of low completeness of data collection and poor accuracy of evaluation of traditional sports training movement completion, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based DTW pose matching algorithm. Firstly, the sports postures are matched and evaluated for movements. Then define the limb angle deviation factor and calculate the deviation degree of each limb angle, output the limbs with a deviation degrees greater than the set standard, identify the deviated limbs that affect the overall movement standard, and realize the evaluation and result in the feedback of basic movements in sports training. Under the three feature extraction methods, the accuracy of the statistical value feature extraction algorithm, LR feature extraction algorithm and integrated feature extraction algorithm of the DTW poses matching algorithm were 91.12%, 96.84% and 96.54%, respectively. The accuracy rates of LDA, KNN, NB, CART and DTW algorithms were 25%, 43%, 32%, 33%, and 72%, respectively, when the other four models were used to compare the accuracy rates with the DTW pose matching algorithm. Among them, the accuracy of the DTW algorithm is significantly higher than the other four algorithms. Therefore, the artificial intelligence-based sports training management model proposed in this paper can significantly improve the current problems, such as difficulty in assessing the accuracy of sports movement training, inefficient supervision of teachers’ guidance to students, and difficulty for students to improve their movements directly, which has strong practical significance and application value.

Performance Analysis of Digital Trade Talent Training That Adapt To Digital Transformation

The rapid development of digital trade has caused a fierce demand for related talents, but the current gap between the supply and demand of digital trade talents is huge. Based on the development background of digital trade and the current situation of digital trade-related talent training, the lack of appropriate talent training performance target is an obvious problem in the current digital trade-related talent training. This paper puts forward a series of improvement directions of talent training, to enhance the professionalism of digital trade talents, and to promote the healthy development of this field.

The development and validation literacy scale for pre-service mathematics teachers

The 21st century is an era in which education determines the future of society. The relevant theoretical research on core literacy is mainly carried out around students, and the research on the core literacy of pre-service mathematics teachers in ethnic areas has not yet begun. By consulting literature and existing mature questionnaires, combined with pre-service mathematics teachers' characteristics in ethnic areas, a "core literacy scale of pre-service mathematics teachers in ethnic areas" was compiled. Taking 412 pre-service mathematics teachers in Guangxi, China as the research object, using SPSS22.0 and AMOS24.0 to carry out project analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis on the data, the scale was revised accordingly, and the formal scale contains knowledge There are 3 dimensions of, ability, character, and the corresponding 9 factors. The scale compiled has good reliability and validity. It can be used as an effective tool to measure the core literacy of pre-service mathematics teachers in ethnic areas, and it also provides a basis for in-depth research on the current situation and strategies of training the core literacy of pre-service mathematics teachers in ethnic areas.

Training Primary School Teachers to Meet the 2018 National Curriculum

This article focuses on researching methods to train primary school teachers to improve the quality of education at the primary level. The article analyzes the current situation of teacher training and proposes some suitable methods to train primary school teachers. Training primary school teachers is essential for them to update their knowledge and skills in teaching, as well as to improve their classroom management and build good relationships with students and parents. However, the current situation of teacher training still has many limitations, such as a shortage of resources and funding to organize in-depth training courses. The article concludes that training primary school teachers is very important and plays a decisive role in the quality of education at the primary level. There is a need for careful investment and development of suitable methods to help teachers improve their skills and enhance the quality of teaching.