Training School Research Articles

Research on the development bottlenecks and countermeasures of leisure football sports

To better promote the development of leisure football in China, this study employs research methods such as literature review and logical analysis, combined with the analysis of the national environment, to summarize the social and cultural value conflicts, insufficient exploration of humanistic connotations, low per capita resource possession, and high barriers to sports participation as the main constraints on the development of leisure football. It also identifies the prominent problems resulting from these constraints, such as the low ability to meet the needs of participants. The study proposes two major strategies to break through the bottlenecks in the development of leisure football and to address the prominent issues it faces: promoting school and social education and training to guide changes in social culture and demand; and improving educational training concepts and methods to adapt to the actual national conditions and social needs. It is suggested that the most effective way to guide changes in social culture and demand is through education and training, which includes school education and training led by government administrative operations and social education and training led by corporate market operations. The study points out that the key to improving educational training concepts lies in grasping two main points: improving the teaching methods of tactics and techniques, and strengthening the exploration of cultural connotations. The core of improving educational training methods is to introduce and promote modern educational technologies represented by audio-visual teaching.

Linguistic prescriptivism and the language of the laboring poor: The case of will/shall

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the effect of prescriptivism on a part of society – the labouring poor – that has not received as much attention yet. As education was socially stratified during the Late Modern English period, and elementary compulsory schooling was only introduced in 1870, the labouring poor did not receive schooling or alternative training on a regular basis, if at all. It is therefore particularly interesting to find out whether those who were able to write were aware of grammatical rules. In order to shed light on the question whether the laboring poor showed awareness of grammar rules of shall and will, this article investigates the use of these two modal verbs in a corpus of Late Modern English pauper letters. The study reveals that will was used almost categorically in the second- and third-person singular and plural, while shall is used in 65.6% of instances in the first-person singular. Thus, Late Modern English paupers tend to adhere to the grammar rules found in contemporary normative texts in a similar way to writers of the upper social layers. Additionally, certain social factors, e.g. region or addressee, seem to have had some influence on the usage of shall and will.

Sosialisasi Tentang Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Berbudaya Dalam Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Menuju Desa Unggul (Studi Kasus Desa Gedangsasri, Kab Gunung Kidul)

Community service activities through the Community Partnership Program (PKM) Community Empowerment Learning aims to improve the knowledge and skills of cultured village communities in improving learning methods towards superior villages. This activity is in line with the Tri Dharma of higher education and provides learning experiences while working through community empowerment activities in Banaran Village, Playen, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Judging from the graphic location of the village, it can be used as a potential to develop and provide new knowledge to the community. The target group together with Lecturers and Students carry out PkM activities together. The training activities carried out are the use of computers and teaching training in schools. The results of community service activities through the PKM program have increased community skills in using computers and insight into education.

Implementation and Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Oral Hygiene Program for Schoolchildren: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Good oral hygiene is essential for schoolchildren's well-being. However, lack of knowledge, negative attitudes, and poor oral hygiene practices may predispose to oral-related diseases. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a nurse-led oral hygiene program on schoolchildren's knowledge, attitudes, and practices. A quasi-experimental design with pre-and-post-test was used. Using the convenience sampling technique, we recruited 400 schoolchildren, aged 11-12 and in grades 5-6, from two primary schools in Egypt. The study was conducted from September 2022 to May 2023. The Oral Hygiene Program served as the primary intervention. This program contains health education topics (e.g., the importance of oral hygiene, techniques for effective tooth brushing, and dietary choices that promote dental health). Three visits were conducted (Visit 1: introduction of the program purpose and objectives and pre-test scores collection, Visit 2: implementation of oral hygiene topics, and Visit 3: post-test scores collection). We used three self-report instruments (Oral Health Knowledge Questionnaire, Hiroshima University's Dental Behavioral Inventory, and Oral Health Practice Questionnaire) for pre- and post-test. Paired T test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. After the intervention program, the oral hygiene program effectively enhanced schoolchildren's knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The post-intervention mean scores were 7.83±0.488 (knowledge), 6.63±1.7 (practices), and 9.33±1.1 (attitudes). High statistically significant differences were noted between schoolchildren's oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices before and after implementing the program (p=0.000). There were enhancements in the level of knowledge, with improved positive attitudes and satisfactory practices among schoolchildren after the implementation of the oral hygiene program. Integrating oral hygiene programs into the general curriculum in primary schools and training school nurses, caregivers, and teachers in implementing oral hygiene programs could improve oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices for preventing oral problems.

Prevalence of Stress, Sources and Coping Strategies among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Three Nursing Training Schools in the Buea Municipality, Cameroon

Background: Stress is a common human experience blamed for many ills. Nursing students experience high levels of stress and recent research on health care related fields and stress has indicated that nursing students experience higher levels of stress compared to students in the other health disciplines.Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of stress, identify its sources and coping strategies amongst nursing and midwifery students from three nursing training schools in the Buea Municipality.Methods: A quantitative cross sectional study design was used to conduct the study for 6 months. The study population consisted of nursing and midwifery students from the Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea, Biaka University Institute and Redemption Higher Institute of Biomedical and Management Sciences in the Buea Municipality. Purposive and a simple random sampling techniques were used to select the three nursing training schools and the participants respectively. The participants were undergraduate student nurses and midwives who had had previous clinical experience. Probability proportionate to size sample technique was used to determine the number of participants from each school. Data was collected from the participants regarding their stress levels, sources of stress, and the strategies they used to cope with stress. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data collected was entered in to an excel spreadsheet version 2010 and analysed using SPSS Version 25. Inferential statistics was also used to describe association between variables (multivariate analysis and Pearson’s correlation); a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 342 nursing and midwifery students participated in the study. The findings revealed a very high prevalence [223 (65.2%)] of stress among participants. Age 32 years+, marital status and level of studies (3rd & 4th year) were significantly associated with stress with p values of 0.021, 0.022 and 0.001 respectively. The main sources of stress among students were from school work, from peers and personal life with mean values 2.13, and 1.96 respectively. Majority [201(58.8%)] of the students relied on problem-focused strategies as means to cope with stress, followed by the emotional-focused strategies [81(23.7%)].Conclusion: The prevalence of stress among student nurses and midwives in the Buea Municipality was very high with the main sources of stress being school work, stress from peer and personal life. It is recommended that guidance counseling services be provided in all nursing training institutions and students be encouraged to ultilise the services in order to reduce the prevalence of stress.

Most Hampering Factors in the Implementation of Total Quality Management at Public Secondary Schools in South Africa

The study aims to investigate the most inhibiting factors to the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) at public secondary schools in the King Cetshwayo district of KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. The study adopted a posistivist paradigm and employed aa quantitative research approach in order to attend to the nature of the research problem and present numerical data. Three hundred (300) teachers and departmental heads were conveniently, but randomly sampled, and served with questionnaires to participate in the study. Empirical findings of this study revealed that the most factors hampering implementation of TQM at public secondary schools were the lack of resources/financial resources, failure by top management to create a suitable environment for quality improvement, lack of management skills, and poor commitment and philosophy to devise quality management strategies by top management. This paper indicates the suggested changes which the Department Basic Education needs to implement to improve the quality of education in public schools. The proposed changes are: to train and capacitate school principals regarding the best TQM to be implemented. There is a need to resource and fund schools to ensure all TQM-related infrastructure and human resources are available for effective or successful implementation. Received: 23 March 2024 / Accepted: 30 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Sculpture Training Before the Development of Digital Sculpture and Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Comparison of Some Sculpture Undergraduate Programs in Vietnam and the USA

This article analyzes the impact of digital technology and AI on traditional sculpture, emphasizing the need to update Sculpture training programs in Fine Arts Universities in Vietnam. Based on survey data on the awareness of experts about the influence of AI in the field of sculpture and on the results of comparing the Sculpture training programs of domestic and foreign training schools in the Sculpture industry. The author has outlined training objectives, developed output standards, and created a knowledge system to equip learners with the skills, knowledge, and attitudes needed for modern job roles.

Child and adolescent behavioral health in the juvenile legal system: Inside the walls and beyond

Jason, a 15‐year‐old adolescent, was recently adjudicated and placed at the Rhode Island Training School (RITS), the state's only secure carceral facility for detained and adjudicated youth. Like many of the youth entering the facility, Jason arrived at the RITS with a complex history of trauma, substance use, and behavioral issues. As a child, his father was incarcerated and his mother struggled with substance use, leaving Jason without a consistent caregiver. His early life was marked by frequent moves between foster homes, unstable housing, and exposure to violence. This instability in his childhood led to feelings of anger and frustration, which often manifested in school through defiant behavior, truancy, and eventually, physical altercations that led to his involvement with the juvenile legal system.

A comparison of orthopaedic surgery training across five English-speaking countries.

There is undocumented and unjustified variability in orthopaedic surgery training between countries. This study compares and contrasts the main features of orthopaedic training in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, United States, and Canada. Comparisons included: competition for, and selection into, training; training pathway structures; training requirements, and; training length. Selection into orthopaedic surgery training is competitive in all countries assessed with acceptance rates ranging from 22%-26% in Australia and New Zealand to 85% in Canada. Minimum length of post-medical school training varies from 5 years in the USA and Canada, to 8 years in Australia, 9 years in New Zealand, and 10 years in the United Kingdom. All countries encourage participation in research during training, although there are varying requirements. Significant bottlenecks characterize selection into training in Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, meaning the majority of doctors take more than a decade from medical school graduation to obtaining their specialty surgery qualification. There is high variability between the orthopaedic training programs of the studied countries. An awareness of these differences and similarities may help improve training, or provide solutions for identified gaps in each country.

Functional Communication Training in Schools: A Systematic Analysis of the Evidence for Ecological Validity.

Ecological validity refers to the meaningfulness or practical significance of research outcomes in everyday settings or the extent to which an intervention can be implemented by typical people during naturally occurring opportunities. In education, ecological validity may contribute to the adoption of interventions by teachers working with students in school settings. Our purpose in this review was to examine the evidence for ecological validity of functional communication training (FCT) used to address challenging behavior in school-age individuals with disabilities. We reviewed 19 single-case experimental design (SCED) studies published between 1985 and 2023. First, we used the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) Standards to evaluate the empirical evidence of each study. Second, we evaluated the extent to which behavioral assessment and FCT procedures were described in the 15 studies that met the WWC Standards. Third, we conducted a systematic analysis of the evidence for ecological validity of behavioral assessment and FCT. Results indicate that 95% of the SCED studies met the WWC Standards. The description of procedures was complete for 50% of the behavioral assessments and for 11% of the FCT. The overall evidence for ecological validity was moderate for 16.7% and low for 83.3% of the behavioral assessments. The evidence for ecological validity for all FCT procedures was low. Future research and implications related to ecological validity are discussed.

Long Duration Load Carriage Performance Is Associated With Army Combat Fitness Test Scores and Fat-Free Mass.

Sax van der Weyden, M, Merrigan, JJ, and Martin, J. Long duration load carriage performance is associated with Army Combat Fitness Test scores and fat free mass. J Strength Cond Res 38(11): 1959-1966, 2024-A common occupational task for the military is carrying heavy loads for long periods of time. The US Army has set a time standard of 3 hours to complete a 19.31-km march with a 15.9-kg ruck sack for combat arms training and specialty schools. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics associated with 19.31-km foot march completion rates in Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) Cadets. Demographics, anthropometrics/body composition, Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) scores, and vertical countermovement jump (CMJ) data were collected on 65 ROTC cadets who conducted a 19.31-km foot march. Independent t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests compared variables between those who did and did not finish the foot march in less than 3 hours. Logistic regressions were used to calculate the odds of completing the foot march using military experience, fat-free mass, ACFT, and CMJ outcomes. Cadets who met the 3 hours standard had lower body fat percent, greater fat-free mass, higher ACFT scores, and higher CMJs than those who did not. In addition, for every one point increase in ACFT score and 1-kg increase in fat-free mass, a cadet's chances of finishing the foot march increased by 6.1 and 24%, respectively. When analyzing ACFT events separately, 2-mile run was the only significant variable, and for every 1 point increase in 2-mile run score, a cadet's chances of finishing the foot march increased by 9%. Thus, aspiring and current soldiers should train to improve aerobic fitness and build muscle mass in preparation for load carriage requirements.

Sex Diversity in the Emerging United States Arthroplasty Workforce is Limited

Sex diversity remains limited in the United States (US) arthroplasty workforce. This study evaluates fellowship program characteristics associated with increased sex diversity in US-based fellowship programs and the pipeline of female trainees prior to arthroplasty fellowship. Demographic data from 233,981 allopathic medical school graduates, 11,364 orthopaedic surgery residents, and 1,501 arthroplasty fellows were analyzed. Female trainee representation was calculated among allopathic medical students, orthopaedic surgery residents, and arthroplasty fellows (2012 to 2022). Fellowship program characteristics associated with increased sex diversity among arthroplasty fellows were evaluated with Chi-square tests. Female representation in arthroplasty fellowship training (5.9%) was less than that in orthopaedic surgery residency (15.1%) and allopathic medical school (47.6%) training (P < 0.001). Sex diversity in arthroplasty fellowship training increased over the study period (2.4 to 9.9%, P < 0.001). The presence of female faculty, geographic region, accreditation status, annual number of fellows, and total number of faculty were not associated with increased sex diversity of arthroplasty fellows (P > 0.05). Sex diversity in arthroplasty fellowship training has improved over the past decade. Yet, female trainees remain under-represented relative to the trainee pipeline. Increased efforts to recruit female medical students and orthopaedic residents may help promote workforce diversity in arthroplasty.

Association of socioeconomic status with unintended pregnancy and induced abortion in married couples: An analysis of the 2021 national survey data in Japan

BackgroundAn association of the major indicators of socioeconomic status with unintended pregnancy and induced abortion in married couples has not been investigated in Japan, and we investigated it using recent nationwide survey data in Japan. MethodsData from the National Fertility Survey in 2021 in Japan, which evaluated the outcomes and intentions of previous pregnancies in married couples, were used. Number of unintended pregnancies, induced abortions, and unintended pregnancies ending in induced abortion were used as outcomes, and the number of unintended pregnancies ending in induced abortion was analyzed among couples who experienced an unintended pregnancy. Associations with current educational attainment, employment status, and household income were investigated using Poisson regression analysis. A complete-case analysis was conducted for dealing with missing data, as well as an analysis using multiple imputation. ResultsAverage number of unintended pregnancy and induced abortion per pregnancy of junior high school graduates was the highest among educational attainments of wives and husbands. The adjusted regression analysis showed that junior high school graduate in husbands was significantly associated with higher number of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions, regardless of the missing data analysis methods. In addition, high school or training school graduate in husbands was significantly associated with higher number of induced abortions. A significant association between socioeconomic status and the unintended pregnancy ending in induced abortion was not observed. ConclusionThis study showed that a lower educational attainment in husband was associated with higher number of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions in Japan.

Schools and industries producing educational-labor paths in secondary TVET in Chile: Who sets the skills agenda?

This research studies the relations and articulations between two schools from the Antofagasta Region, located in the mining north of Chile, and three of mining companies in the country, which have part of their main operations in the surrounding territories of these schools. This study interrogates the forms of articulation between these schools and the companies, analyzing the main actions, agendas and institutional purposes that both the schools and the companies seek regarding each institutional needs and perspectives. We critically examine these articulations and relationships because, as a result of Chilean public policy in the area of TVET, which is intended to be an industry demand-oriented training policy, the mining industry is actively influencing the school training processes and curriculum, which does not necessarily result in the acquisition of relevant and significant skills for students. This study was designed from a qualitative approach, through the application of two-rounds of situated in-depth interviews to schools’ managers and professionals from mining companies from the north region of Chile. The findings illustrate the ways in which different efforts, contributions and formative actions provided by the companies are reshaping the educational processes inside the schools, establishing educational agendas that expect to provide more efficient alignments between the schools and the companies’ labor needs. Specifically, the paper argues that mining industry companies promote a reduced technical skills approach. This does not include long-term educational planning within the schools, and alternative technical, relational and transformational approaches to skills are absent. The former conventional notions of vocational education and training are being challenged by theoretical and empirical literature. A critical discussion on the skills agenda setting in VET systems is also presented. This study offers an original analytical review and an in-depth study on the dynamics and discourses that articulate and motivate the collaboration between VET schools and mining companies in the Chilean North.

Building Sustainable Societies: The Role of Technology in Empowering Momtrepreneurs of Children with Special Needs

This study investigates the technology usage patterns among mothers of children with special needs, focusing on their proficiency, frequency, and purposes of computer and internet use. The aim of this study is to reveal the level of technology use of mothers with disabled children and the difficulties they experience in this regard. In addition, this study is expected to reveal the level of knowledge that mothers have about both the use of technological devices and their applications and to guide projects and development programs to be carried out for mothers. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 mothers whose children attend Famagusta Special Education and Job Training School. The findings reveal that while a significant portion of the participants are beginners or lack confidence in using computers, 87.5 percent of the respondents utilize the internet regularly, primarily for accessing information related to their children’s disabilities and for entertainment purposes. Despite some mothers having received formal training in computer usage, the majority indicated a need for further education to enhance their technological skills. This study underscores the necessity of tailored programs to support these mothers in effectively leveraging technology for their personal and familial needs, contributing to broader discussions on gender equality and empowerment within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Student’s Regional Potential-based Project: TEFA for Schools in Low Industrial Areas

One of the ways to get a link and match between Vocational High School graduates and the working world is by implementing a teaching factory (TEFA). Teaching Factory aims at aligning teaching and training in schools with the needs of modern industrial practices. However, not all schools can implement it optimally, especially those in low-industrial areas. This is one of the reasons why many Vocational High School graduates are not able to compete in the labor market. One of the solutions is to get students’ project assignments based on the potential of their region. Therefore, this study aims to develop a teaching factory model integrated with student’s regional potential-based project (SRPP). This research and development (R&amp;D) employs the Borg and Gall model, which consists of four main stages: need analysis, model development, model validation by experts through a focus group discussion and a pilot study, and model evaluation. The results show that the teaching factory model for vocational schools in low-industrial areas is valid and can be widely tested.

Be the hero project, assessing the quality of basic life support skills in school-age children

BackgroundOut-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) ranks as the third leading cause of death, with a survival rate of less than 10%. Although 70% of these incidents are witnessed by laypeople, only one-third receive Basic Life Support (BLS). Educating school-age children (SAC) in BLS is an effective strategy to increase the rate of bystander BLS and subsequently improve survival. We aimed to determine whether there is the physical capacity to perform chest compressions (CT) with the required technical quality in SAC, determining the optimal age to begin BLS training in schools and if there are gender differences in performing BLS.AimEvaluate the capacity to learn and the quality of BLS maneuvers performed by SAC.MethodsDuring a four-month period BLS training sessions, led by nurses, were conducted in schools in Oeiras, Portugal. These sessions targeted students aged 14 to 18. Each session lasted 100 min.ResultsA total of 734 SAC were trained. All students were able to provide CT with the appropriate depth. Male students performed deeper and more successful CT and female students were able to achieve better recoil.ConclusionsSAC aged 14–18 years old were able to learn and perform high-quality BLS. The findings showed no differences in results based on gender. Additionally, short practice sessions of 100 min, led by nurses, appear to be sufficient for the retention and execution of high-quality BLS.

Restorative Education for Juvenile Offenders in Training School: From Conflict to Growth

Restorative Education for Juvenile Offenders in Training School: From Conflict to Growth

Elective placements for medical students in a regional Public Health Department in Ireland

Abstract Exposure to different specialties during medical school influences the subsequent career choice of students. We describe the development of elective student placements in Public Health in a regional Public Health Department (PHD) in Ireland which serves a population of just over one million. In September 2023, a collaboration to oversee the electives was established between our PHD (HSE Dublin and Midlands) and an academic institution (Trinity College Dublin (TCD)). An Elective Working Group (WG) was formed which developed learning objectives and an elective plan. The electives were scheduled for October and November 2023. The key learning objectives were for students to: • Develop an understanding of the role of Public Health across all domains, in our regional PHD and in Ireland; • Develop an understanding of the career pathway in Public Health Medicine in Ireland; • Contribute to a public health project within the PHD. The elective plan included approximately 15 1:1 tutorials across the public health domains, attendance at PHD meetings and a literature review-based project. Between October and November 2023, two students (one per month) were attached to the PHD. At the end of each elective, students presented project findings to the WG for discussion. Debrief sessions gathered feedback from the students, the WG and the TCD partner. Student feedback was overwhelmingly positive. Feedback suggested taking pairs of students at the same time may increase efficiency and capacity for future electives in our PHD. A collaborative approach to planning and coordinating the electives was crucial to its success. We are building on this experience to expand the electives with an increased number of students being facilitated by our PHD in 2024, providing students with greater opportunity to gain exposure to Public Health Medicine during medical training. Application and evaluation materials were refined which can be shared. Key messages • The success of the Public Health electives in our regional Public Health Department was underpinned by a collaborative academic partnership and a structured, coordinated approach. • Availability of Public Health electives during medical school training can support students to gain exposure to this specialty in a time when they are considering future career choices.

Teaching "Usul-i Cedit" (The New Method) to Primary School Teachers in Ottoman Provinces

This research aims to uncover the activities undertaken to teach the new "usul-i cedit" teaching methods to sibyan (primary) school teachers who continued providing traditional education during the modernization period. Modernization of education encompasses various practices, from curricula of usul-i cedit to school management, teachers' personal rights, and health regulations in schools. Usul-i cedit focuses on teaching Turkish literacy and new methods developed for this purpose. Due to the failure of primary school reforms during the Tanzimat Period, the competence of school teachers was questioned. There was a push to gradually remove teachers unable to teach using usul-i cedit. However, training enough qualified teachers at Darülmuallimin-i Sıbyan would take time. Therefore, rapid courses were introduced to quickly train current primary school teachers in the new methods. Sample schools like iptidai, rüştiye, and provincial teacher training schools served as course centers. These courses primarily taught new methods for teaching Turkish literacy and included modern pedagogical methods for basic education subjects. The "usul-i tedris" (teaching method) lesson, central to teaching the new reading and writing methods, was a key component of all courses. The research employed document analysis, with data from Ottoman Archive documents forming the study's backbone. Historical data were analyzed using content analysis.