Training Posts Research Articles

Enhancing train position perception through AI-driven multi-source information fusion

Enhancing train position perception through AI-driven multi-source information fusion

Establishment of chief nurse position in training and duty management of newly recruited nurses

Establishment of chief nurse position in training and duty management of newly recruited nurses

Using virtual reality simulation for training practical skills in musculoskeletal wrist X-ray - A pilot study.

Using virtual reality (VR), students of radiography can practice acquisition and positioning of musculoskeletal radiographs and get immediate feedback on their performance within the simulator. The purpose of this study was to assess usability of a newly developed VR simulator and to explore self-perceived clinical readiness (SPCR) of radiography students before and after training acquisition of wrist radiographs in the VR simulator. A prospective methodology was applied where the students (n = 10) estimated their own SPCR in regard to acquisition of wrist radiographs pre- and post-VR training. A questionnaire on usability, realism, and educational value of the simulator was answered post-VR training. Usability and SPCR scores were calculated. The student's paired t-test was applied to explore the impact of VR training on SPCR. The students (90%) reported that the simulator was realistic and they thought that it could contribute to learning. The pre- and post-SPCR scores were 75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54-96) and 77 (95% CI: 59-95), respectively. There was no significant difference (P = 0.4574) between the pre- and post-SPCR scores. Results indicated that the concept of training acquisition and positioning of wrist radiographs in a VR simulator is feasible with positive feedback from the students. The SPCR scores improved slightly, although not statistically significant, after completion of the training session.

Análisis y aspectos técnicos de las preguntas asociadas a imágenes radiológicas en el examen para médico interno residente en España, convocatoria 2022

The examination for the Medical Intern Resident (MIR) is a multiple-choice test aimed at ranking candidates for specialized medical training positions in Spain. The objective of this study is to provide an objective analysis of this test in its 2022 edition as an evaluative tool for discrimination, with a particular focus on the field of radiology and nuclear medicine. The clinical cases associated with radiology images or nuclear medicine pose greater difficulty compared to the rest of the MIR exam questions. Out of the 14 questions related to radiological or nuclear medicine images, six of them exhibit high difficulty, and only 5 out of the 14 questions demonstrate good or excellent discriminatory capacity. While the MIR exam proves to be an excellent discriminatory tool in psychometric terms, the image-related questions show a significant potential for improvement. In order for the image-associated question to exhibit appropriate discrimination, it is essential to minimize irrelevant information, ensure that it complements the clinical information provided in the text without contradicting it, represent the characteristic imaging finding of the disease, utilize the appropriate imaging modality, maintain a moderate difficulty level for the questions, and ensure that the distractors are clearly false.

Is Basketball a Symmetrical Sport?

Basketball, an intermittent sport with a high impact load, presents a strong probability of lower limb injuries. These injuries can be caused by poor quantification of loads, very intense training sessions or even asymmetries in the lower extremities. The main aim of the present study is to identify whether asymmetries exist in basketball. Specifically, asymmetries depending on: (i) type of task, (ii) type of game situation, (iii) specific positions while training and (iv) specific positions while competing. It is hypothesized that there will be no significant differences between the different conditions. For this purpose, all the training sessions and matches of a professional basketball team belonging to the First Spanish Division were monitored during the preseason. WIMU PROTM inertial devices were used for data collection. The statistical analysis compared the different cases with an ANOVA test. The results do not show significant differences in the values collected among the type of task, the game situation and the positions of the individual players. It can be concluded that basketball is a symmetrical sport. Despite this, the coaching staff should carefully monitor the training loads and asymmetries of the players to avoid the risk of injury.

Data Informing Governing Body Resistance-Training Guidelines Exhibit Sex Bias: An Audit-Based Review.

The objective of this review was to examine the ratio of female and male participants utilised in data informing consensus statements and position stands in the field of resistance training (RT). In order to achieve this objective, we conducted an 'audit' style review. We accessed three databases: SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE and Google Scholar utilising the following search terms: resistance or strength training AND consensus statements or position statements/stands. Eligibility criteria included consensus statements and position stands for RT in youth, adults and older adults. In this paper we have used the term 'female' to describe biological sex. Gender is a social construct and often describes roles and behaviours that society assigns to men or women. In this paper we have used the term 'women' to describe gender. Reference lists from each guideline were screened with the number of male and female participants extracted from each study. We also extracted data on the gender of the authors of the statements. We located 11 guidelines encompassing a total of 104,251,363 participants. Youth guidelines were comprised of 69% male participants. There were 287 studies that included both sexes, 205 male-only and 92 female-only studies. Adult guidelines were comprised of 70% male participants. There were 104 studies that included both sexes, 240 male-only and 44 female-only studies. Older adult guidelines were comprised of 54% female participants. There were 395 studies that included both sexes, 112 male-only and 83 female-only studies. Women authors comprised 13% of all authors of position stands and consensus statements. These results demonstrate an under-representation of females and women as both participants and as authors. It is imperative to ensure that data informing governing body guidelines and consensus statements are representative of the population they aim to inform. If this is not possible, guidelines should clearly state when their data and recommendations are based primarily upon one sex.

The Analysis of EFL in Curriculum of 2013

This article aims to speak about the history of curriculum in 2013. crucial components associated with the implementation of education. The curriculum as a planning device and gadget concerning goals, content, substances and methods used inside the learning and coaching manner to obtain academic goals has an critical position in countrywide training, therefore gaining knowledge of English is likewise included inside the curriculum in Indonesia. because they want to create a future technology that could compete on the international degree inside the generation of globalization, English lessons in simple schools had been removed and English classes at the junior and senior high faculty levels had been decreased inside the 2013 curriculum. The cause of this examine became to analyze diverse English language mastering rules in Indonesia within the attitude of forming world citizens with intercultural competence because being a international citizen in the era of globalization is a reality. The curriculum as a aspect of training is dynamic, constantly converting through the years. this modification could be very critical along side changes in society, pupil wishes, and tendencies in technological know-how and era. The history of the curriculum compiles methods of training in international locations consisting of Indonesia that can replicate the usa's improvement.

P30 Declining staff numbers and increasing workload: is there a solution?

Abstract Within the UK, there is a rapidly rising incidence of malignancies, including cutaneous cancers. Over 1 million new patients are referred to dermatology each year and a large proportion require a diagnostic or therapeutic biopsy. Dermatologists often rely on histopathology to confirm or diagnose cancers, determine margins and perform specialist testing. The increasing rates of cancers are adding significantly to the histopathology workload. According to the Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath), only 3% of departments report having adequate staff to meet clinical demand. There are a significant number of unfilled training posts and a concurrent retirement crisis, with 25% of all pathologists over 55 years old. It can take up to 15 years to train consultants, with the more experienced able to handle greater workloads. The lack of pathologists, with widespread vacancies, has a significant impact. The resulting costs to the health service of employing locums and outsourcing work have been estimated to be £27 million annually. For patients, the costs of these shortages mean delays in diagnosis and treatment. A RCPath key performance indicator advises that 80% of cases should be reported within 7–10 calendar days. Across dermatology departments, there is wide reported variation in reporting times from 1 to 28 weeks. In 2019, the longest wait, on average, was 5.8 weeks. We surveyed 60 histopathology consultants across different National Health Service trusts in England to determine the reasons behind these delays. The survey response rate was 45%. The results showed that 78% of departments have unfilled posts, 83% have employed locum staff or outsourced reporting of skin biopsies in the last 5 years and only 20% are able to meet the RCPath guidance. Additionally, almost one-quarter reported that they have had complaints or serious incidences related to delayed dermatopathology reporting. Survey comments revealed many other areas of potential diagnostic delay from sample labelling and prioritizing to prolonged laboratory processing times, unclear pathways to expedite samples and the lack of histopathology secretaries. This survey highlights the increasing workforce demands and emphasizes the need for innovative changes to avoid delays in patient care. Possible solutions to address increased workload in an understaffed environment include adequate secretarial support, increasing pathology pathway navigators who prioritize urgent cases, improving information technology services, digital slide reporting and developing artificial intelligence to screen samples. Increasing dermatopathology training and exposure to histopathology at a junior level is mandatory. Raising these issues and making them a key investment priority for the government is imperative.

DP02 (P30) Declining staff numbers and increasing workload: is there a solution?

Abstract Within the UK, there is a rapidly rising incidence of malignancies, including cutaneous cancers. Over 1 million new patients are referred to dermatology each year, and a large proportion requires a diagnostic or therapeutic biopsy. Dermatologists often rely on histopathology to confirm or diagnose cancers, determine margins and perform specialist testing. The increasing rates of cancers are adding significantly to the histopathology workload. According to the Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath), only 3% of departments report having adequate staff to meet clinical demand. There are a significant number of unfilled training posts and a concurrent retirement crisis, with 25% of all pathologists over 55 years old. It can take up to 15 years to train consultants, with the more experienced able to handle greater workloads. The lack of pathologists, with widespread vacancies, has a significant impact. The resulting costs to the health service of employing locums and outsourcing work has been estimated to be £27 million annually. For patients, the costs of these shortages mean delays in diagnosis and treatment. A RCPath key performance indicator advises that 80% of cases should be reported within 7–10 calendar days. Across dermatology departments, there is a wide reported variation in reporting times from 1 to 28 weeks. In 2019, the longest wait, on average, was 5.8 weeks. We surveyed 60 histopathology consultants across different National Health Service trusts in England to determine the reasons behind these delays. The survey response rate was 45%. The results showed that 78% of departments have unfilled posts, 83% have employed locum staff or outsourced reporting of skin biopsies in the last 5 years and only 20% are able to meet the RCPath guidance. Additionally, almost one-quarter reported that they have had complaints or serious incidences related to delayed dermatopathology reporting. Survey comments revealed many other areas of potential diagnostic delay from sample labelling and prioritizing to prolonged laboratory processing times, unclear pathways to expedite samples and lack of histopathology secretaries. This survey highlights the increasing workforce demands and emphasizes the need for innovative changes to avoid delays in patient care. Possible solutions to address increased workload in an understaffed environment include adequate secretarial support, increasing pathology pathway navigators who prioritize urgent cases, improving information technology services, digital slide reporting and developing artificial intelligence to screen samples. Increasing dermatopathology training and exposure to histopathology at a junior level is mandatory. Raising these issues and making them a key investment priority for the government is imperative.

Perception of Debt During Resident Education-A Systematic Review.

Debt is a common issue among medical residents in the United States. This review attempts 1) to evaluate the level of debt among residents, 2) to assess perceptions toward debt among residents, 3) to determine debt-management options pursued, and 4) to gauge whether levels of debt affect resident career choices. A systematic literature search of articles published between January 2012 and January 2022 in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was performed. The combination of search terms of (financial literacy OR debt) AND (residency OR graduate medical education) were utilized. Primary outcome measures assessed were the levels of debt and perceptions toward the debt. Secondary outcome measures were debt-management options pursued and whether debt affected career choices for residents. Twenty-one studies evaluating a total of 15,585 residents were included in this systematic review. Levels of debt greater than $200,000 were not uncommon across residents and debt burdens are increasing. Greater levels of debt are associated with increased stress and anxiety. Residents reported multiple debt-management options pursued, including loan forbearance, moonlighting, income-based repayment models, military financial support, and loan forgiveness programs. Those with increased levels of debt were less likely to pursue subspecialty training and academic employment positions. The findings conclude that residents carry a substantial amount of debt, and it is a common source of stress and anxiety. Although there are many different avenues that are pursued for debt repayment, levels of debt appear to affect decisions to pursue subspecialty training and to pursue academic positions. Strategies or programs aimed at reducing the debt burden felt by residents could be of great value.

There Is a Lot More to Transplantation Surgery Than the Surgery Itself: The "Other" Sir Peter John Morris, AC, FRS.

There Is a Lot More to Transplantation Surgery Than the Surgery Itself: The "Other" Sir Peter John Morris, AC, FRS.

A 5-Year Analysis of Saudi Arabian Applications to Plastic Surgery Residency Training in Canada

Introduction: The goal of this study is to determine factors associated with acceptance into Canadian plastic surgery (PS) residency programs by Saudi Arabian Medical Graduates. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study targeting eligible Saudi Arabian applicants to any Canadian PS residency program between 2017 and 2022. Collected data included demographics, education/licensure, electives in Canada, and letter of reference. The 2 main outcomes analyzed were “invited for an interview” and “offered a residency position.” Results: We reviewed 52 applications. Of these, 18 applicants received an invitation for an interview and 8 were offered a residency training position. Significant variables associated with receiving an invitation for an interview were completing an elective in Canada ( P = .016), having a master's degree ( P = .012), and completion of an English test ( P = .032). The variables most likely to influence receiving a residency position offer are completion of elective training in Canada ( P = .004) and receiving a letter of reference from a Canadian plastic surgeon (95% CI: 0.77 to 76.69: OR: 8.90). Conclusion: Completion of an elective rotation in Canada and obtaining Canadian letters of reference were found to be the most important factors for Saudi Arabian physician applicants to be accepted into a Canadian PS residency program. Other factors that were less critical but improved their chances of being considered include completion of an English assessment test and having a master's degree. This study offers valuable guidance for any Saudi Arabian candidates interested in PS residency in Canada and may aid Canadian programs in their assessment of potential residents.

Train Speed and Distance Calculation Methods Using Measuring Device Independent of Vehicle Monitoring Device

The method for detecting the train speed and position without using wayside equipment, such as track circuit, contribute to developing technologies for energy-saving operations and simplifying protection equipment. In this paper, the analysis methods of measured data from accelerometers are studied to determine the train speed and position simply and accurately and to make speed profiles. To effectively use the data measured by the accelerometer, discrete Fourier transform is applied to remove the noise from the measurements. Two accelerometers were used to increase accuracy, and differences of sensing and the state of motion of the train were considered to remove noise effectively. Experimental results show that the speed and distance of train are clearly different from the actual values when the calculation is directly based on measured data. Therefore, the speed and distance of train could be obtained adequately and speed profiles are also generated when the proposed method is applied. Finally, the proposed methods were confirmed by using a satellite positioning system and speedometer records.

Expansion of Urology Residency Training Programs Has Not Had a Negative Impact on Trainee Case Log Experience

Background: The expansion of urology residency programs is necessary to offset the projected workforce shortage. However, this expansion must occur without compromising the current trainee environment. To date, there is limited information on how the growth of urology residency programs has affected resident operative experience. Objective: We examined the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Case Log Graduate Statistics National Report for Urology from 2016 to 2021 to determine changes in the number and types of cases that graduating residents performed. Methods: The Urology ACGME Case Log Graduate Statistics National Report for the academic years 2015 to 2016 to 2020 to 2021 were analyzed. Data were grouped into 6 major categories: general, endourology, reconstructive, oncology, pediatrics, and laparoscopic/robotic. Results: There was an increase in the average total cases logged by graduating urology residents from 1449.3 to 1569.4 cases per resident (P < .0001). The average number of general urology procedures increased (P = .0071). There was also an increase in the average number of reconstructive (P = .0470), oncology (P = .0215), and laparoscopic/robotic (P ≤ .0001) cases performed by graduating urology residents. There was no difference in the average number of endourology cases completed by graduating residents (P = .0918). There was a significant decrease in the average number of pediatric cases performed by graduating residents (P = .0002). Conclusion: The expansion of urology programs and trainee positions has not negatively affected the average operative case log experience of residents between the 2015 to 2016 and 2020 to 2021 academic years.

Assessing Resident Well-Being: Ethical Considerations for Researchers When Conducting Qualitative Wellness Research With Resident Populations.

Assessing Resident Well-Being: Ethical Considerations for Researchers When Conducting Qualitative Wellness Research With Resident Populations.

Vascular Surgery Training Positions and Applicant 10-Year Trends with Consideration for Further Expansion

There is a significant shortage of vascular surgeons in the United States and projections for these practicing surgical specialists continue to worsen. Annual appraisal of our workforce recruitment and growth is imperative. Retrospective data were analyzed using the National Resident Matching Program from 2012-2022 applicant appointment years (specialty code for vascular surgery 450). Simple linear trend analysis was performed for the number of positions available and the number of applicants, stratified by fellowship or residency. Over the 10-year study period, the total vascular surgery trainee positions expanded from 161 to 202. Integrated residency positions increased (41 positions in 2012 vs. 84 in 2022) while available fellowship positions remained stagnant (120 in 2012 vs. 118 in 2022). Total applicants rose as well, from 213 to 311. In 2022, unmatched applicants have increased for both paradigms (25 fellowship and 84 residency applicants) and 100% of programs filled. On average, the number of residency positions offered increased by 4 each year (P<0.0001) and the number of fellowship positions increased by 0.5 each year (P=0.1617). The number of integrated residency applicants increased by approximately 9 per year (P=0.001), while the number of fellowships applicants increased by approximately 1.5 per year (P=0.121). Applicants for both vascular tracks have increased since 2012 indicating successful recruitment; however, all 2022 programs filled, leaving many applicants unmatched. Residency positions have continued to expand while fellowship positions have not. With the demonstrated surge among applicants, the disproportionate lack of increasing training positions, and the existing shortage of vascular surgeons, there is an urgency to meet the increasing demand. A concerted effort should be made toward adding additional residency and fellowship positions where feasible.

Specialty Exposure Differentiates Successful Integrated Vascular Surgery Applicants

The number of applicants to integrated vascular residencies continues to rise faster than available training positions. Numerous stakeholders in vascular surgery (VS) are invested in improving resources for medical student mentorship and VS exposure throughout medical school. The purpose of our study was to perform a needs assessment of integrated VS applicants from the 2021 application cycle regarding specialty exposure. A 15-question anonymous survey evaluating applicant VS exposure, resources, and match outcome was developed. VS exposure in the following areas was specifically evaluated: VS conference attendance, VS student interest groups, vascular subinternship away rotations, and mentorship by vascular surgeons. The survey was disseminated on the 2021 Integrated VS Applicant Cycle GroupMe chat forum from April to August 2022. Unpaired t test was utilized to compare summary statistics between respondents who self-identified as having successfully matched versus respondents who did not match into an integrated VS program. A total of 125 applicants were identified and 54 applicants (44%) responded, including 48 who successfully matched into an integrated VS residency. Applicants attended on average 1.5 ± 1.7 regional and national VS conferences in person over the preceding year, with greatest attendance reported at the Society for Vascular Surgery Vascular Annual Meeting (57%). A VS away rotation was completed by 78% of applicants, with out-of-pocket expenditure reported as >$1000 and >$3000 by 69% and 21% of these applicants, respectively. If given the opportunity to visit interview sites in person following virtual interviews, applicants would have chosen to visit 3.9 ± 2.9 sites on average. Most of the applicants who matched (77%) had a VS student interest groups at their home institution. Those who matched assigned higher rating of perceived vascular mentorship during the application cycle (9.0 ± 1.8 vs 6.0 ± 3.6 on a 1-10 scale; P = .001). Applicants who matched also endorsed interest in VS earlier in medical school (year 2.1 ± 1.0 vs year 3.0 ± 0; P = .04) and were more likely to have completed a VS away rotation (79% vs 66%). Only 19% of applicants who matched and completed a VS away rotation reported matching at the same institution where they had completed their away rotation. Vascular mentorship, early specialty exposure, and completion of a VS away rotation are variables associated with a successful match into an integrated VS residency. While exposure to an institution occurs with an away rotation, the cost to the applicant is not insignificant and the majority of applicants do not match at the institution where the rotation occurred.

‘REMOTE SENSING PLUS’ TRAINING MODE OF INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP TALENT NURTURING THROUGH COLLEGE STUDENT COMPETITIONS

Abstract. Innovation leads the development of technology and society, so the position of innovation and entrepreneurship training to nurture innovative talents is very important. The paper explores the ‘trinity’ innovation and entrepreneurship talent training model of ‘promoting learning through competition, education through competition, and innovation through competition’, focus on high level innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, enhance the stickiness among colleges, educators, students, and social enterprises, and enable students to participate in extracurricular academic activities that are highly consistent with the needs of the industrial market. To achieve this goal, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering of Wuhan University puts forward a ‘remote sensing +’ training model. Through the two-year practice of this model, 136 students from different schools and majors participated in the training of the ‘Remote Sensing +’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center in Wuhan University, and won three gold awards in the China's largest innovation and entrepreneurship competition. Due to the characteristics of cross-integration of remote sensing science and technology itself, it has played a supporting role in innovation education, integrating other multi-specialized knowledge, and providing more entrepreneurial and employment opportunities for students of related majors.

Career Compromises and Dropout from Vocational Education and Training in Germany

Abstract This study investigates the relevance of career compromises (i.e., the discrepancy between the expected and the actually attained training position) to the decision to drop out of vocational education and training (VET), focusing on compromises in terms of social status and gender type. We pay particular attention to upward and downward compromises. Using longitudinal data on 7205 apprentices from the German National Educational Panel Study (Starting Cohort 4), the results of discrete event history models show that both dimensions of compromise are crucial to the decision to drop out of a first VET position. In particular, downward gender-type discrepancies increase the probability that female apprentices will drop out. These findings draw attention to the role of pre-entry VET policies, such as career counseling, in minimizing the incidence of career compromises.

How do the post-graduation outcomes of students from gateway courses compare to those from standard entry medicine courses at the same medical schools?

BackgroundWidening participation (WP) for underrepresented students through six-year gateway courses helps to widen the demographic representation of doctors in the UK. ‘Most students from gateway courses graduate, even though many enter with lower grades than standard entry medicine students.’ This study aims to compare the graduate outcomes of gateway and SEM cohorts from the same universities.MethodsData from 2007–13 from the UK Medical Education Database (UKMED) were available for graduates of gateway and SEM courses at three UK medical schools. Outcome measures were passing an entry exam on the first attempt, Annual Review of Competency Progression (ARCP) outcome and being offered a level one training position from the first application. The univariate analysis compared the two groups. Logistic regressions, predicting outcomes by course type, controlled for attainment on completion of medical school.ResultsFour thousand four hundred forty-five doctors were included in the analysis. There was no difference found in the ARCP outcome between gateway and SEM graduates. Gateway graduates were less likely to pass their first attempt at any membership exam than graduates of SEM courses (39% vs 63%). Gateway graduates were less likely to be offered a level 1 training position on their first application (75% vs 82%). Graduates of gateway courses were more likely to apply to General Practitioner (GP) training programmes than SEM graduates (56% vs 39%).ConclusionsGateway courses increase the diversity of backgrounds represented within the profession and importantly the number of applications to GP training. However, differences in cohort performance are shown to continue to exist in the postgraduate arena and further research is required to ascertain the reasons for this.