Training Of Workers Research Articles

Neonatal Transport Network Services: Preparedness of healthcare systems in Southern Nigeria.

Nigeria remains a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide, yet little consideration has been given to intra/inter health facility transfer of sick neonates. The dearth of Neonatal Transport Network Services (NNTS) is probably an underappreciated driver of the abysmally high national neonatal mortality indices. This study aimed to evaluate neonatal transport services and the healthcare workers' preparedness among health facilities in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. Twenty-eight selected health facilities (tertiary, private hospitals Primary Health Centers] were assessed on the availability, modality and practice of NNTS. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. Routine transfer of high-risk pregnant mothers to higher levels of care occurred always in 14 (50%) and sometimes in 6 (21.4%) facilities; Private cars and taxis were the most common mode of transport in 24 (85.7%) facilities. Two facilities (7.2%) had ambulances equipped with transport incubators. Nurses and nurse attendants with no formal training in NNTS accompanied referred neonates in 2 (7.2%) facilities. Most referring facilities (78.6%) neither rarely or never contacted receiving centres before the arrival of neonates and most nor gave back referrals after offering neonatal care. None (100%) of the facilities had a trained emergency transport team. Health facilities in Southern Nigeria lack a standardized Neonatal Transport Network and are characterized by poor communication between health facilities and inadequately trained personnel for inter-facility transfer of sick neonates. Urgent action is required to address these gaps, including training of healthcare workers on neonatal transport and sharing findings with relevant stakeholders/policymakers to establish a functional neonatal transport network among health facilities.

Perspectives of key informants before and after implementing UPSIDES peer support in mental health services: qualitative findings from an international multi-site study

BackgroundPeer support is an essential part of recovery-oriented care worldwide. Contextual factors have an impact on the implementation of peer support work. However, research has paid little attention to similarities and differences of implementation factors in settings varying by income-level and cultural values. The aim of this study is to assess the factors influencing the implementation of a peer support intervention across study sites in low-, middle- and high-income countries in line with the Consolidation Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).Method6 focus groups with a total of 54 key informants with relevant contextual (organisational) knowledge regarding implementation facilitators and barriers were conducted at six study sites Ulm and Hamburg (Germany), Butabika (Uganda), Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Be’er Sheva (Israel), and Pune (India) before and 1.5 years after the start of UPSIDES peer support. Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsAcross study sites key informants reported benefits of peer support for service users and peer support workers as implementation facilitators. At study sites with lower resources, reduced workload for mental health workers and improved access to mental health services through peer support were perceived as implementation facilitators (CFIR Domain 1: Intervention characteristics). The degree of engagement of mental health workers (CFIR Domain 3: Inner Setting/Domain 4: Individuals involved) varied across study sites and was seen either as a barrier (low engagement) or a facilitator (high engagement). Across study sites, adequate training of peer support workers (CFIR Domain 5: Implementation process) was seen as animplementation facilitator, while COVID-19 as well as low resource availability were reported as implementation barriers (CFIR Domain 2: Outer setting).ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of considering contextual factors when implementing peer support, including previous experience and perceived benefits. Particular attention should be given to organisational benefits such as workload reduction and the allocation of sufficient resources as key drivers in LMICs. In HICs, the potential of organisational benefits for successful implementation should be further investigated and promoted.

Обучение рабочих и специалистов для горнодобывающей отрасли в аспекте безопасности труда

Labor safety in the mining industry is a set of measures aimed at improving the production environment that affects the health and operability of a person at work and the continuous professional development of employees. The objective assessment of safety of all stages of the production process is a crucial aspect of the enterprise’s activities. It is based on compliance with the requirements of regulatory authorities in the field of labor protection and industrial safety, occupational standards as characteristics of labor conditions, qualifications and professional competence of an employee, as well as compliance with the federal state educational standards as a basis of training of a specialist or a worker who are the main participants of the technological process in mining. The formation of professional competencies of each employee that ensure safe operation at the site or enterprise, the in-depth knowledge, development of operational algorithms, and the skill to perform technological operations at the workplace primarily depend on the basic education of employees obtained under the programs of secondary vocational education. The Federal State Educational Standards existing since 2013 became outdated and were gradually updated in 2022–2023. The training terms were normatively determined within the framework of the federal project «Professionalism» which aimed to resume close cooperation between educational organizations and enterprises. Educational organizations were enabled to increase the time to practice. The qualification of graduates under skilled worker training programs has become universal and does not specify the type of activity, whereas a new type of professional activity, namely ensuring the functioning of the occupational health and industrial safety management system at the site (or enterprise), was introduced for midlevel specialists. All this should ensure the future training of new personnel in compliance with the requirements of Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116–FZ «On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities» and the Russian Federation Government Decree of August 17, 2016 № 806 «On application of the risk-oriented approach in the organization of certain types of state control (supervision) and introducing amendments to some acts of the Government of the Russian Federation».

Protection of the Right to Health Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Southeast Asia: A Retrospective and Prospective Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a public health crisis which affected all the fields including economic, social, humanitarian, and human rights fields. According to International human rights law and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the right to healthcare stands as a fundamental aspect of ensuring the right to life due to its inherent connection to human well-being. To measure the state of health care in a country, we should assess four criteria which are availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of healthcare services. Using doctrinal research and legal analysis, this paper aims to evaluate the status of the right to healthcare in Southeast Asia during the COVID-19. It is concluded that most Southeast countries effectively managed to control the spread of COVID-19. However, they grappled with challenges related to the availability, accessibility, quality, and acceptability of healthcare services. Therefore, this paper recommends that Southeast countries work to provide health care for all. As well as to take steps to achieve systemic reforms to improve the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of healthcare services. These improvements include Investment in healthcare infrastructure, equitable resource allocation, community engagement and health education, training and support for healthcare workers, and international collaboration among Southeast countries through (ASEAN) and collaboration with other countries and organizations. All these improvements are essential not only for future pandemic preparedness but also for ensuring the fundamental right to health care for all as stated by International human rights law and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Length Of Service Of Health Workers With The Ability Of Triage Hospitals In The IGD RSUD DR. H. BOB BAZAR

Triage is the process of making a decision to prioritize the need to provide actions and therapy for patients in the emergency room based on the level of emergency. Data on emergency room visits in South Lampung in 2014 were 29,877 cases. RSUD Dr. H. Bob Bazar, SKM Kalianda is the only one of the highest referral hospitals in South Lampung Regency, based on the data obtained there are still cases of unexpected events (KTD), data on improving the quality and patient safety of KTD rates ranging from 1-2%, where one of them is a misidentification of the patient. This study aims to determine the relationship between the length of service of health workers with the ability of triage hospitals in the Emergency Room of RSUD DR. H. Bob Bazar, SKM Kalianda, South Lampung in 2020.This type of quantitative research is analytic design and cross sectional approach. The population and sample were 21 nurses and midwives with a total sampling technique. The data analysis test used in this study uses the Chi-Square test.The results of the study revealed that the frequency distribution of the characteristics of respondents, aged 31-40 years were 9 respondents (42.86%), men were 13 respondents (61.90%) and DIII education were 10 respondents (47.62%). Frequency distribution of length of tenure of health workers, with the category of new tenure of 11 respondents (52.4%). Frequency distribution of the ability of triage hospitals for health workers, with the category of incapacitated as many as 8 respondents (38.1%). There is a long-term relationship of work with the ability of triage hospitals health workers. The results of the analysis were obtained (p-value 0.024 <α 0.05). OR: 15,750. It is expected that the management of RSUD Dr. H. Bob Bazar, SKM Kalianda in order to be able to carry out direct supervision related to the ability of triage hospitals for health workers, as well as providing training for health workers on duty at IGD who have not received triage hospital training.

Needs Analysis and Training Model Design Competence of Residential Construction Workers has Local Wisdom Value

One of the goals of Construction Management is to effectively oversee the utilization of Human Resources in the execution of a construction project. Indonesia is among the key proponents of establishing the Economic Community integration. The government has undertaken various measures to align with the economic collaboration among the ten ASEAN nations, including the development of competent human resources. Thus far, training observations have been conducted without any provision of training or technical guidance for workers regarding a construction project that possesses local knowledge significance. The objective of this study is to analyze the requirements of the competency training model for residential construction workers that incorporate local wisdom values, and to develop the corresponding training model. This study employed the Research and Development approach to investigate the competency standards for building work executors that are associated with building construction and incorporate local wisdom values. The ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) was utilized to create the training model. Findings of the research the initial survey conducted on 30 workers revealed an average competence level of 30.9%, which falls within the category of weak competence according to local wisdom. Additionally, all workers (100%) expressed agreement in enhancing their competence in residential houses that embody local wisdom ideals. The competency training model was designed utilizing the ADDIE Research & Development Model, which consists of five components: model syntax, social system, reaction principle, support system, instructional impact, and accompanying impact. This model comprises a model book, teaching material modules, and books.

The search for training and skill improvement of seasonal workers in tourism

PurposeThe paper aims at assessing the role of the different stages of the employment process in gauging workers' willingness to upskill themselves at the end of a seasonal employment contract by investing in further training.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses data from a dedicated survey administered to a sample of seasonal employees. Through a regression analysis it explores the different stages of the employment process (job search, selection on the job activities), making a distinction between monetary and nonmonetary components of the investment in training.FindingsResults show that all stages matter, but they do not have the same importance. Ex-ante motivations and work experience, notably the level of perceived workload and organizational commitment, are the main factors affecting workers' willingness to acquire industry-specific skills through training.Originality/valueSo far, the literature has extensively dealt with the poor levels of training in seasonal employers, but it did not analyse worker’s willingness to invest in training over the different stages of the worker experience. This paper fills this gap by separately testing the relative importance of such stages and identifying the most important phases of the employment process.

Acute Poisoning Emergencies at Gulu University Teaching Hospitals in Northern Uganda: Prevalence, Outcomes and Clinical Challenges

Acute poisonings, including envenomation as well as toxicological emergencies stemming from accidental or intentional ingestion of poisonous substances or drug overdose, are significant worldwide causes of morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to characterise acute poisoning emergencies admitted to two major hospitals in Northern Uganda. We conducted a retrospective review of charts of all patients admitted with acute poisoning emergencies between January and December 2021, as well as a structured interview of hospital staff working in these hospitals on challenges faced while managing these emergencies. Of the total 40,653 patient admissions, 416 (1%) were due to acute poisonings. The majority were admitted to SMHL (71.4%), 43.3% were between 20 and 40 years of age, and 59.9% were males. The average length of hospital stay was 1 (0-3). The most frequent diagnoses were acute alcohol intoxications (27.2%, n=113), snake bites (26.0%, n=108), and organophosphate poisonings (21.2%, n=88). Only 29.6% (n=123) of patients received antidotes. Peak admissions were observed in February, May, and July. The majority of poisonings were intentional (61.3%), resulting in a Case Fatality Rate of 6.3%. In the qualitative findings, participants highlighted key challenges in managing these conditions, including the lack of antidotes, patients presenting late at the hospital, economic barriers, staff shortages, and limited community awareness. Acute poisoning, especially acute alcoholic intoxication, snake bites and organophosphate poisoning, are common in northern Uganda, with significant numbers dying from it. The lack of antidotes remains a problem in these hospitals. Restriction of alcohol consumption use of agricultural organophosphates, and training of healthcare workers in managing these emergencies are recommended

Translating survivor-centredness into pedagogical approaches to training on sexual violence in conflict and emergency settings: A case study

Abstract To encourage further interrogation of the language of “survivor-centredness” in the field of conflict-related sexual violence, this article offers a case study of efforts to build and intensify more survivor-centred pedagogy for use in the training of humanitarian workers seeking to address sexual violence in conflict and emergency settings. Set against the backdrop of a literature review of existing usages, it builds on key aspects of an earlier evaluation in which all three authors were involved in different capacities.

A Feasibility Study Describing the Successes and Challenges of Implementing a Virtual Community Health Worker Training Among High School Students Participating in a Summer STEM Enrichment Program.

University of Maryland, Baltimore CURE Connections (UMB CURE) connects West Baltimore high school students with STEM enrichment including hands-on research and community outreach. This study's purpose was to describe successes and challenges of implementing the virtual Community Health Worker curriculum during the summer programming for UMB CURE high school scholars. This certificate-based program was designed to teach students about the community health field while providing training that demonstrates competence as a community health worker. The training was implemented over two summer sessions (2020 and 2021). Scholars completed a survey to assess program satisfaction. A subset of scholars completed qualitative interviews that focused on scholars' summer program experience and recommendations for program improvement. Engagement metrics (scholar participation, retention) were compiled. Overall themes from qualitative interviews included (1) overall summer program experience, (2) about the Morehouse curriculum, (3) advice for future scholars, (4) in-person versus virtual summer program, and (5) recommendations for the program. While the program was generally well-received, scholars required more instruction and guidance than anticipated. Many found the required assignments challenging to navigate, citing virtual instruction as a reason. Scholars also requested more hands-on synchronous STEM-focused activities. These data will be used to modify future programming to engage scholars in out-of-school-time STEM initiatives.

Assessing the Feasibility of a Multifaceted Intervention Package for Improving Respiratory Health of Textile Workers: Findings From the MultiTex Pilot Study in Karachi, Pakistan.

We piloted the development and implementation of a multifaceted intervention package for improving respiratory health among textile workers using a pre-post design at six mills in Karachi. The intervention, implemented following a baseline survey (n = 498), included health and safety training of workers and managers, promotion of cotton dust control measures, and the provision of facemasks. Follow-up surveys were conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) scores and respiratory symptoms were assessed through a questionnaire and spirometry was conducted. The intervention was provided to 230 workers and led to an improvement in KAP scores that was more likely among workers with a higher educational status, spinners, smokers, those with a permanent employment status, working in morning shifts, and with ⩾5 years of textile experience. We found the intervention acceptable and feasible in these textile mills henceforth, trials are required to determine its effectiveness.

Addressing Fear of Negative Consequences of Overdose Response: A Qualitative Study of the Perceptions of Service Industry Workers Who Encounter an Opioid Overdose in an Urban Commercial District in Atlanta, Georgia.

The increased contamination of illicit drugs with fentanyl in the United States drug market has contributed to escalating mortality from drug overdose. Leisure and hospitality service industry workers are encountering opioid-triggered overdoses in their workplaces, such as restaurants and bars. Consequently, this increases the need for overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) training, which has been limited. We aimed to describe the experiences among service industry workers encountering an overdose in their workplace. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with service industry workers in Little Five Points (L5P), Atlanta, between October 2019 and April 2020 and triangulated methods with participant observations and fieldwork. Purposive criterion sampling methods were applied to recruit from different establishments in the L5P commercial district, which comprised restaurants, bars, retail shops, and theaters. After an initial seed sample was identified by engaging key stakeholders during fieldwork (business owners, managers, and the business association), a snowball sample followed for a final sample of N = 15. To contextualize the local population of harm reduction workers, people who use drugs and/or obtain safer drug consumption supplies in L5P (sterile syringes, safer using kits, naloxone), and service industry workers and their customers in L5P, the first author volunteered with an Atlanta syringe services program from October 2019 to April 2020. The first author conducted participant observations during the syringe exchange program and field notes were taken during observation (44 hours). This engagement ensured a rich, thick description. We used a pragmatic approach to thematic data analysis for this study. Data were analyzed iteratively and inductively from interviews and observations. Two independent researchers reviewed transcripts to identify passages in the data related to the question of interest. The passages were contextualized within the full data set independently to understand the relationships in developing a theory of what was commonly occurring across participants' experiences, and these relationships led to emerging salient themes regarding encountering an opioid overdose at work. One salient theme related to overdose response emerged with the service industry workers included fear of negative consequences of overdose response, specifically, fear of disease transmission from artifacts of drug use and overdose response, including the spread of blood-borne disease, violence, and exposure to unintentional overdose. When discussing drug use, participants' beliefs about the potential for personal danger from drug use artifacts (syringes and discarded drugs) and violence were identified as barriers to opioid overdose responses. Our findings provide valuable insights for tailoring OEND training for service industry workers to confront fears associated with opioid overdose response in their places of work to decrease mortality from the opioid epidemic. Harm reduction approaches need to be sensitive to the places in which overdose occurs and who the overdose responder is likely to be, which requires appropriately tailoring OEND training for service industry workers.

Pengaruh Promosi Kesehatan Terhadap Keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif

Background: To achieve optimal use of exclusive breastfeeding, it is stated in the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia number 33 of 2012 concerning exclusive breastfeeding that health workers and health service facility providers are obliged to provide information and education on exclusive breastfeeding to mothers and/or family members. of babies who are cared for from the pregnancy check up to the end of the exclusive breastfeeding period. Method: The research carried out was a Narrative Literature Review (NLR). Results: There were 10 selected scientific articles ranging from 2017 to 2023. To increase the success of exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate health promotion strategies are needed, such as creating special Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, the availability of media and educational tools such as posters, leaflets, and providing training for health workers to increase the knowledge of health workers, especially midwives, as close contacts in providing counseling during pregnancy, postpartum and newborns. Conclusion: Health promotion during pregnancy can increase the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

Applying a multi-faceted infection control strategy to improve hospital environmental cleaning quality

BackgroundAlong with existing infection control policies, repeated education and training of environmental service workers (ESWs) improves their compliance and ultimately reduces hospital-associated infection (HAI) rates. However, only limited studies have explored the health behavioral determinants of ESWs regarding their cleaning performance after implementing an educational intervention with multi-faceted infection control strategy. ObjectiveTo determine whether an educational intervention with multi-faceted infection control strategy improves the health behavioral determinants associated with ESWs’ cleaning performance. MethodsTwenty-eight ESWs who received an educational intervention with multi-faceted hospital infection control strategy were included. ESWs’ knowledge, perceived benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, health literacy, and cleaning performance were evaluated at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. ResultsHAI-related adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels decreased significantly at post-intervention and 3-month follow-up compared with pre-intervention levels (all p < 0.05). All post-intervention ATP levels met the standard criterion after the 2nd environmental cleaning, with a median score of 267 (range, 71–386). High baseline ATP levels (odds ratio [OR] = 4.195, 95%CI 2.500–7.042, p < 0.05) were positively associated with qualified post-intervention ATP levels, while high education (OR = 0.480, 95%CI 0.276–0.833, p < 0.05) and high baseline knowledge scores (OR = 0.481, 95%CI 0.257–0.903, p = 0.023) were negatively associated with qualified post-intervention ATP levels. ConclusionEducational intervention using a multi-faceted infection control strategy improves health behavioral determinants (baseline education, knowledge scores and ATP levels) associated with ESWs’ hospital cleaning performance. Receiving an educational intervention may increase HAI knowledge of environmental cleaning among ESWs with high education or low baseline HAI knowledge.

Infection prevention and control practices in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a set of practices that are designed to minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) spreading among patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. Implementation of IPC is essential for reducing infection incidences, preventing antibiotic use, and minimizing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of the study was to assess IPC practices and associated factors in Pediatrics and Child Health at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. In this study, we used a cross-sectional study design with a simple random sampling method. We determined the sample size using a single population proportion formula with the assumption of a 55% good IPC practice, a 5% accepted margin of error, and a 15% non-response rate and adjusted with the correction formula. The final sample size was 284 healthcare workers. The binary logistic regression model was used for analysis. The World Health Organization (WHO) Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool was used to assess IPC core components. A total of 272 healthcare workers participated in the study, with a response rate of 96%. Of the total participants, 65.8% were female and 75.7% were nurses. The overall composite score showed that the prevalence of good IPC practices among healthcare workers was 50.4% (95% CI: 44.3-56.5). The final model revealed that nursing professionals and healthcare workers who received IPC training had AORs of 2.84 (95% CI: 1.34-6.05) and 2.48 (95% CI: 1.36-4.52), respectively. The final average total IPCAF score for the IPC level was 247.5 out of 800 points. The prevalence of good IPC practice was suboptimal. The study participants, who were nursing professionals and healthcare workers who received IPC training, showed a statistically significant association with the IPC practice level. The facility-level IPCAF result showed a "Basic" level of practice based on the WHO categorization. These evidences can inform healthcare workers and decision-makers to identify areas for improvement in IPC practice at all levels. Training of healthcare workers and effective implementation of the eight IPC core components should be strengthened to improve suboptimal practices.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Ghanaian Health Worker Training: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration within Ghana’s health workforce training programs shows immense potential to enhance quality, consistency and personalization if thoughtfully implemented. This mixed methods SWOT analysis evaluates major strengths like expanded accessibility, weaknesses around connectivity barriers and literacy, opportunities in simulation training, and threats of job automation requiring ethical change management. Ghanaian case studies and policy documents inform targeted opportunities to employ context-appropriate design, creative financing partnerships and participatory principles upholding equity. Risks of algorithmic bias and data exploitation spotlight needs for transparent auditing, consent safeguards and democratized oversight. Recommended actions integrate precedents in change leadership, human-centered AI adoption and African innovation prioritization to pragmatically advance both cutting edge advancement and human dignity. With Ghana pioneering amongst first nations globally to release a national AI strategy, demonstration of such balanced governance can model pathways for technological innovation upholding empowerment across sectors and regions. This multidimensional analytical evaluation contributes uniquely inclusive, grounded perspectives to advance conceptual clarity and practical guidance around AI assimilation - directing focus toward preparatory investments, policy formulation, partnership building and design choices required to ensure gains outpacing grievances along ongoing modernization trajectories.

Improving the effectiveness of legal regulation of targeted training of medical workers as a way to solve the problem of shortage of medical personnel

The shortage of medical workers is the most serious challenge of modern healthcare. The article considers the issues of improving the legislation as one of the ways to solve the problem of insufficient supply of doctors.

Integrating humanities in healthcare: a mixed-methods study for development and testing of a humanities curriculum for front-line health workers in Karachi, Pakistan

Lady health workers (LHWs) provide lifesaving maternal and child health services to >60% of Pakistan’s population but are poorly compensated and overburdened. Moreover, LHWs’ training does not incorporate efforts to...

Palliative Care for Cancer Patients in Asia: Challenges and Countermeasures.

With the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide, palliative care has become an effective intervention to relieve cancer patients' pain and improve their quality of life, although the present development of palliative medicine and hospice care in many Asian countries remains insufficient. To this end, this review comprehensively discussed the main challenges that influence the promotion of palliative medicine, from the perspective of both healthcare professionals and cancer patients. We further proposed and summarized a series of potentially effective countermeasures and solutions, including the shared decision-making modal, multidisciplinary professional cooperation, application of modern science and technology, standardization training for medical workers, personalized palliative treatment regimens, and others, aiming to improve the clinical quality of palliative care practice for cancer patients and promote the development of palliative medicine in Asian regions.

Evaluation of On-Site Training and Certification Programmes for Semi-Skilled Construction Workers in Kenya: The Case of Nairobi City County

Kenya's construction sector can close the knowledge and skill gap by providing on-the-job training and certification programmes for semi-skilled workers, but low participation rates persist. The study mainly aimed to assess the extent of awareness of on-site training and certification programmes among semi-skilled workers in Kenya, focusing on their training needs, identification of such programmes, and exploration of communication and awareness tools.The study employed a qualitative research approach, incorporating theories such as the theory of reasoned action, Yale attitude change approach and cultivation theory. Descriptive research design was utilized, targeting semi-skilled workers, site managers, officials from NITA and NCA, and academic experts. The study utilized snowball sampling to select semi-skilled workers, followed by purposive sampling for interview responses. Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was utilized for data analysis, employing presentation strategies like frequency distribution in percentages to make the data easily understandable and referenced, along with pie charts and bar graphs. The study found that most semi-skilled workers were moderately or poorly aware, with direct communication being the primary method for raising awareness. The study recommended Kenya's government to boost on-site training programmes, enhance communication tools, increase awareness campaigns, and conduct more research on their efficacy and factors affecting their implementation among semi-skilled employees.