Law Enforcement Training Research Articles

Mindfulness training for law enforcement to reduce occupational impact: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Law enforcement officers are frequently subjected to highly stressful and traumatic situations with increased negative physical and mental health outcomes. Mindfulness is proposed as a means of improving self-reported physical or mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, burnout, and sleep disturbances. This meta-analysis aims to pool the results from studies evaluating mindfulness for police officers, providing an overall effect size for each outcome of interest. Through systematic review, four studies were identified for meta-analysis. Fixed and random inverse variance effects were used. Results indicate that mindfulness-based intervention programs likely decrease depression and may result in reductions of anxiety and burnout.

Brief Training of Technical Bleeding Control Skills-A Pilot Study with Security Forces.

Uncontrolled external bleeding is a common cause of preventable death, and due to the environment in which these events often occur, e.g., in hostile environments, the state security forces are usually the first responders, and in many cases, if they are injured their partners provide the initial assistance. The tourniquet is a fast, effective, and easy-to-learn intervention, although there is a knowledge gap concerning training techniques. The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of a bleeding control training program on a high-fidelity mannequin in a simulated critical situation in a law enforcement training environment. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 27 members of the state security forces. They underwent brief theoretical-practical training and were evaluated via a scenario involving a critically ill patient in a hostile environment. The results showed that no member of the state security forces completed all the tourniquet placement steps, 26 (96%) prepared the tourniquet correctly, 21 (77.8%) placed it on the leg, and all the participants adjusted the band to the thickness of the injured limb and secured the windlass to the triangular flange of the device. However, only 23 (85.2%) of the participants placed it effectively. The participants, who were members of the state security forces, were able to effectively resolve a critical situation with active bleeding in a simulation scenario with a high-fidelity mannequin after completing theoretical-practical training.

Commercial sexual trafficking of males: A pilot training with law enforcement

ABSTRACT Law enforcement agents are often the first professionals to come into contact with victims of commercial sexual trafficking (CST). While they likely have encountered female victims of CST, they may need increased understanding of the identification of male victims. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program aimed to increase awareness of male victims of CST among law enforcement professionals. Participants’ (N = 132) knowledge level was examined prior to the training and immediately thereafter and results showed that pretest knowledge scores were low. The majority of participants (77%) did not have prior training in CST in males and there was a significant gain in knowledge from pre to posttest. None of the participants’ demographic variables were significant predictors of pretest or posttest scores. Implications for training law enforcement in male CST are provided.

Experiences of Non-criminology Graduates Police Officers in Philippine National Police (PNP) Organization

The experiences of non-criminology graduate police officers in the Philippine National Police organization are necessary to perceive whether internal and external factors affect their motivation and decision to enter the organization. This study will explore the experiences of non-criminology graduate Police officers in the Philippine National Police (PNP) organization during the year 2023. Transcendental phenomenology was the research design used in the study. Six non-criminology graduate police officers in the Philippine National Police organization participated in the study and were chosen using purposive sampling. An in-depth interview was done to gather data using interview guide questions. The participants' responses were transcribed, coded, and organized to form themes based on the study's objective with the aid of Hyperresearch software. The data were then analyzed and interpreted using Moustaka's data analysis steps. Results revealed that the majority of the non-criminology graduate police officers were at the age of middle age, with a degree in Education, and with rank as Police Staff Sergeants. Non-criminology graduate police officers experienced having motivation for joining PNP, positive experience during Basic Recruit Training (BRT), receiving equal treatment during BRT, challenges during BRT, overcoming personal weaknesses, and a variety of coping mechanisms in dealing with challenges during BRT. They have a strong sense of purpose, and commitment to public service can be a powerful motivator for anyone seeking a career in law enforcement, regardless of their academic background. They have also found that their unique skills and perspectives from their previous academic or professional backgrounds are valued and contribute to their success during BRT and beyond. They used to have different skills and experiences than their criminology graduate peers. However, they are held to the same high professionalism, discipline, and ethical conduct standards. They face certain challenges due to their lack of formal training or Education in law enforcement; however, with dedication, hard work, and a willingness to learn, non-criminology graduate police officers can overcome their challenges and become successful law enforcement officers. They used to face personal weaknesses during BRT in the PNP; they can overcome them by setting goals, seeking out mentorship and support, and staying committed to their development as a law enforcement officer. They used to adopt a growth mindset, meaning that they view challenges as opportunities for growth and learning.

Педагогика и психология в деятельности сотрудников правоохранительных органов: интеграция теории и практики (Обзор международной научно-практической конференции)

The article presents an overview of the international scientific and practical conference «Pedagogy and psychology in the activities of law enforcement officers: integration of theory and practice», held in October 2022. The conference is aimed at expanding and strengthening scientific international and interdepartmental cooperation, exchange of scientific opinions on the development of applied pedagogy and psychology in the activities of law enforcement officers. The conference was attended by more than 200 people from 50 organizations of Russia and abroad, among them: representatives of the People’s Police Academy of the Ministry of Public Security of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Kostanay Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Police Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the National University of Uzbekistan named after M. Ulugbek, the Russian State Pedagogical University named after A. I. Herzen, the Moscow Pedagogical State University University, St. Petersburg Academy of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education; representatives of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rosgvardiya, the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the Ministry of Defense of Russia, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. At the plenary session of the conference, reports and analytical materials were presented that characterize the current state of psychological and pedagogical support for the official activities of law enforcement officers in Russia and foreign countries. The master class presents the positive experience of implementing modern educational technologies in the training system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The conference resulted in a discussion of academic and applied problems of introducing the theory of legal pedagogy and psychology into practice and strengthening scientific ties between law enforcement officers and educational organizations of law enforcement agencies, as well as the search for effective pedagogical forms and methods of training law enforcement officers. Following the results of the international scientific and practical conference, a resolution was formed and adopted.

Analysis of Ethereum transactions during the prevention and investigation of criminal offenses

The mechanism of Ethereum transactions analysis during the prevention and investigation of criminal offenses based on the study of modern experience in this area has been proposed. The directions of cryptocurrency use by offenders have been revealed. The relationship between the decrease of the cash market and the increase in the use of cryptocurrencies has been described. The state of legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine has been studied. The insufficient regulation of the issue of handling cryptocurrencies in criminal proceedings has been emphasized. The issue of impossibility to seize cryptocurrency assets during criminal investigation has been raised. The problematic issues faced by law enforcement agencies in other countries when seizing cryptocurrencies have been outlined.
 The structure and peculiarities of the cryptocurrency Ethereum circulation have been revealed. The features of the Ethereum platform and its distinctive features have been studied. The key standards that characterize the work of the Ethereum platform have been analyzed, explanations of key terms have been provided. The essential data in the blockchain for analysis have been highlighted, the procedure for accessing the Ethereum blockchain transactions has been described. Various web resources which one can access the Ethereum transaction blockchain through have been provided.
 The purpose of email mixing, the conditions under which the anonymity of the email address is lost have been revealed. Some software tools used to analyze ethereum transactions have been evaluated by experiment. Automation of searching and building a schema of relations of different identifiers of e-transactions on the example of Maltego Community Edition and Crystal Expert have been demonstrated. Additional modules that need to be installed in Maltego Community Edition to analyze the relevant transactions effectively have been described.
 It has been emphasized that when analyzing ethereum transactions, it is necessary to use not only ready-made tools, but also various scientific methods, such as identifying key criminal groups and wallets, identifying cases of money laundering using cryptocurrencies, additional address profiling, prevention of illegal behavior on the trading ethereum platform. The importance of effective analysis of cryptocurrencies for investigation has been described. The effectiveness of the Crystal Blockchain platform as a tool for analyzing Ethereum transactions in criminal investigations has been evaluated. The technical side of law enforcement training on the seizure of cryptocurrency assets has been revealed. For this purpose, it is recommended to use the so-called test networks. The mechanism of controlled transfer of cryptocurrency assets for custodial and non-custodial wallets has been proposed.

Upper body push to pull ratios in law enforcement officer recruits.

Law enforcement recruits (LER) often encounter shoulder injuries, which may cause attrition from academies. Investigating required upper body muscular fitness may inform of muscular balance around shoulder joints through anterior and posterior ratios in LER. To investigate push to pull ratios (P2P) and factors related with P2P in LER. LER (95 males; 12 females) completed testing during a single session in the academy's first week: body mass, one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press, push-up repetitions (reps) to failure, and pull-up reps to failure. Calculations were: estimated pull-up 1RM=body mass+0.033*(body mass x pull-ups); endurance P2P (eP2P)=push-ups / pull-ups; strength P2P (sP2P)=bench press 1RM / estimated pull-up 1RM. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed relationships among tests and P2P (p < 0.05). The sP2P was positively correlated with bench press 1RM and push-ups. The eP2P was negatively associated with pull-up reps and 1RM. Females had similar eP2P, but lower sP2P than male recruits (p < 0.05). Practitioners may benefit from examining eP2P and sP2P as they should not be used interchangeably. Future research should examine whether the P2P ratios are associated with injury and subsequent inability to successfully complete law enforcement training academies.

Reckoning with racialized police violence: The role of I-O psychology

AbstractThe country has been gripped by the events that have unfolded in the wake of the police killings of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. In response to these new examples of long-standing police violence, there have been calls to substantially reimage policing to reduce the number of violent incidents that occur between officers and the public and to combat officers’ disproportionate use of force with Black Americans. In this article, we call on industrial-organizational (I-O) psychologists to leverage their expertise to help actuate meaningful change within law enforcement. To help guide our collective efforts as a field, we provide a review of the current state of affairs as they relate to recruitment, selection, training, performance management, occupational stress, and organizational culture in law enforcement and then offer recommendations for ways to change current practices to encourage more equitable and responsible policing. We also highlight areas in which further investigation is needed and urge I-O psychologists to invest in building the knowledge necessary to inform future practices. We hope this article can facilitate a discussion about how our field can contribute to achieving evidence-based and lasting change that benefits officers and the members of the communities they serve.

Подготовка кадров для органов внутренних дел Российской Федерации в условиях современных социальных трансформаций

The article is devoted to the organizational and pedagogical problems of managing the processes of training of employees of internal affairs bodies in the context of challenges to the Russian state and society. The issue under consideration concerns the external and internal conditions for the implementation of law enforcement activities in our country. the actual problems of personnel training for the internal affairs bodies in the conditions of modern socio-economic and socio-psychological transformations characteristic of the beginning of the new millennium are touched upon. Attention is paid to the consideration of some features of socio-communicative processes, socialization and social adaptation of various social groups, the impact of these features on improving the system of training law enforcement personnel. It is emphasized that over the next decades, the tasks of ensuring public security in the Russian Federation will be carried out by internal affairs bodies with new personnel resources and new competencies. The quality of this resource is largely determined by the management system of the organizational and pedagogical system of personnel training in educational institutions.&#x0D; Statement of the problem: the main problem considered in the work is the compliance of the management system for training the personnel potential of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation in a rapidly changing social situation, due to the reflection by society of climatic-ecological, epidemiological, man-made and, ultimately, social threats in the XXI century.&#x0D; Purpose: based on the analysis of the current situation in which the system of training personnel filling positions in state bodies engaged in law enforcement activities is being implemented, to propose for consideration some recommendations for improving the management of the organization of specialized training.&#x0D; Research methods: historical-genetic, comparative, systematic, general logical methods.&#x0D; Conclusions: modernization of the management system for training law enforcement officers is an integral part of the response of modern Russian society to the challenges of the new millennium. Positive examples in this area are contained in the practice of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, in particular, the Academic Department of Psychology, Pedagogy and Organization of Work with Personnel. It is recommended that the experience gained at the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia be translated into the organization of the activities of educational organizations located in the system not only of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, but also of other executive authorities that also train personnel for the law enforcement industry.

Use of Force Training in Law Enforcement: A Reality Based Approach

Use of Force Training in Law Enforcement: A Reality Based Approach

PENERAPAN SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK DALAM KAITAN DENGAN HAK-HAK ASASI ANAK ( STUDI DI PENGADILAN NEGERI KISARAN)

The Juvenile Criminal Justice System is the entire process of Settlement of Child Cases in conflict with the law, starting from the investigation stage to the mentoring stage after the child undergoes the criminal law process. Implementation of Criminal Sanctions for Actions Against Children According to Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, is an "emergency door" for children when the child commits a criminal act on the condition that the child is 14 (fourteen years old) or more and is suspected of committing a crime. a criminal offense punishable by imprisonment of 7 (seven) years or more, and the terms of detention must be stated explicitly in a detention order as regulated in articles 32 (2) and (3) according to the law mentioned above. As long as the child does not commit a crime as regulated in Article 32 (2) and (3), the settlement of a child criminal case must be resolved by means of a. Restorative Justice, namely the settlement of criminal cases by involving the perpetrator, victim, family of the perpetrator/victim and other related parties to jointly seek a fair solution by emphasizing restoration back to its original state, and not retaliation, or by means of b. Diversion namely the transfer of the settlement of children's cases from the criminal justice process to the process outside the criminal justice system as regulated in Chapter I Article 1 paragraph (6) and (7). This is intended to provide special protection for children by providing the best for the interests of children, which is an implementation of children's human rights. And in an effort to provide the best protection for children as well as to equalize the vision and perception between institutions that are competent in upholding children's rights, namely the Courts, Prosecutors, Police and Correctional Institutions, the Government issued Presidential Regulation Number 175 of 2014 concerning Integrated Education and Training for Law Enforcement and Related Parties Regarding the Juvenile Criminal Justice System.

Evaluating implementation of the EPIC peer bystander intervention program in basic law enforcement training (BLET)

ABSTRACT Mandated by a consent decree, the Ethical Policing is Courageous (EPIC) program was developed by the New Orleans Police Department (NOPD). The EPIC curriculum is based on active bystandership, encouraging officers to intervene when police misconduct could potentially occur. This research sought to evaluate the EPIC program recently adopted in one state. An adapted integrity measuring instrument from the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) developed by Klockars et al. was used to compare officers who have recently completed the ethics programming being phased out against officers who participated in the EPIC program. Results indicate a significant difference in the areas of reporting and intervening with respect to excessive force. Implications for further research are also provided.

Law enforcement training using simulation for locally customized encounters

Law enforcement professionals require up to date training for interacting with individuals on the autism spectrum in a manner that facilitates positive citizen response. Although these officers interact with the public regularly, they may only have sporadic interactions with citizens who are not neurotypical. The timing of these interactions is not easy to predict; therefore, it is important to provide regular opportunities to practice contacts with special needs communities. However, in much the same way that it can be difficult to provide regular sessions with other protected groups of people, it is not practical to pull individuals on the autism spectrum to participate in law enforcement training. Role play with neurotypical individuals and classroom training presenting facts about autism do little to prepare these officers for their real-world encounters. Virtual interactions with people on the autism spectrum allow officers to practice techniques without compromising the health and safety of the communities they serve. This paper presents results of a study comparing police training through experiences in virtual reality (VR) with video training regarding police interactions with individuals on the autism spectrum. Police officers in a municipal police department who participated in the study were divided into three groups for continuing training purposes. One group received video training, one group received practice in VR, and one group received training through both video and VR. The differences in training method did not result in significant differences in training effectiveness. However, subjective data did support the efficacy of practice in a virtual setting. This project addressed three important challenges with training in VR. First, the team needed to define the specifics of behavior and language that the simulated individuals would exhibit. Second, the VR had to be tailored to be relevant to the officers participating. Third and finally, the schedule for training delivery had to minimize the time that officers were away from their assigned duties. Officer feedback on their training experiences indicated the approach to these challenges was well-received. The primary research question is whether training in VR is any more effective that watching a training video.

The Effectiveness of Active Shooter Responses for Civilians and Law Enforcement

The number of active shooter incidents has been increasing over the past two decades. Furthermore, these events have become increasingly more fatal as the average number of casualties per incident has simultaneously been rising. As a result, finding more efficient ways to respond to these threats is essential. The literature evaluating current methodologies, specifically the “Run, Hide, Fight” technique, revealed that not much research has been done on its effectiveness, especially with respect to law enforcement’s responses. Additionally, the training medium for active shooter training for law enforcement and civilians has not been evaluated. A survey of twelve people (six law enforcement officers, six teachers) revealed a discrepancy between the civilians’ response and what law enforcement thought was safe and effective (three stated that current techniques were effective, three stated that current techniques were not). Future training must coordinate both law enforcement and civilian responses so that their responses complement one another.

Managers and shorebird biologists' perceptions of enforcement and voluntary compliance techniques to increase compliance with dog regulations on beaches

Abstract Disturbance to shorebirds by domestic dogs can cause direct and indirect bird mortality. Dog regulations to minimize disturbance are only effective if people comply with them. Non‐compliance is a universal problem in biodiversity conservation, with an associated body of applicable social science from the field of conservation criminology. We apply the lens of this literature to better understand non‐compliance with dog regulations on beaches along the Atlantic Flyway of the U.S. and the role of law enforcement and voluntary compliance techniques (e.g. persuasive communications, behavioural alternatives) in fostering compliance. Through in‐depth interviews with 27 land managers and shorebird biologists experienced in creating and/or implementing regulations to reduce disturbance to shorebirds, we found that non‐compliance is a challenge that law enforcement alone is inadequate to address. Managers are working to overcome these challenges with law enforcement through training law enforcement officers, as well as voluntary compliance approaches, such as conducting on‐site stewardship programs led largely by volunteers, placing educational signage at sites, and highlighting alternative areas to walk dogs. The early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the U.S. increased dog walking on beaches and exacerbated the issue of non‐compliance and lack of enforcement, while the capacity for educational and stewardship programs was also limited. We conclude by recommending that managers and biologists tackle non‐compliance with multiple and concurrent strategies along a spectrum from enforcement to voluntary compliance techniques, while also better studying the efficacy of these approaches. We also highlight the importance of continuing to track the ongoing challenges to compliance with biodiversity conservation regulations due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Shifting From Warriors to Guardians: Officer Reflections on Law Enforcement Training in Washington State

Contemporary law enforcement methods are largely defined by crime control and militarization in the “warrior” policing model. In 2013, the Washington State Criminal Justice Training Commission (WSCJTC) adopted an alternative “guardian” training model for the Basic Law Enforcement Academy (BLEA) focused on procedural justice, community partnerships, de-escalation, and crisis intervention. The current study investigates BLEA graduates’ perceptions of guardian policing and training elements. Researchers interviewed new officers who completed BLEA training with the guardian curriculum ( n = 17) and officers trained in a warrior-based curriculum ( n = 11). Themes are analyzed from interview data, including officer perceptions of BLEA guardian training and related programs. The paper concludes with discussion of limitations, themes, and policy implications of the research.

Working With Survivors of Human Trafficking: Results From a Needs Assessment in a Midwestern State, 2019.

While the needs of human trafficking survivors have been documented in the academic discourse, the saliency of such needs is understudied. This study aimed to reveal the critical needs of service provision for human trafficking survivors in a Midwestern state as perceived by multidisciplinary service providers. Targeting health care, social service, law enforcement, public health, and other service providers involved in anti-human trafficking service delivery, we disseminated a survey using purposive and snowball sampling. Drawing from survey responses collected in 2019 from 107 service providers working with 422 survivors of human trafficking in the previous 12 months in a Midwestern state, we examined the saliency of needs from the perspective of service providers in the health care, criminal justice, and social service sectors. Respondents indicated on a Likert scale (1-5) the level of need for 37 social, health care, and legal services in their communities. The top-indicated needs statewide were mental health care, shelter/housing, peer mentorship programs, legal services, transportation, and provider training in juvenile courts, schools, law enforcement, and health care settings on human trafficking. The results suggest the need for statewide responses, such as legal assistance networks, telemental health options, and enhanced training collaborations between interpersonal violence and anti-human trafficking service providers. The study findings are generalizable beyond the study site in 3 ways that can guide strategic action: (1) they provide a framework for state-level analysis and strategic planning that parallels the results; (2) they show that regional variation is possible and should be accounted for in state-level study design, analysis, and strategic planning; and (3) the implications for housing assistance, legal assistance, mental health/substance use disorder-related health care, and training are scalable.

DEVELOPMENT OF LAW ENFORCERS’ COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN ТHE USA

Based on the study of the experience of training law enforcement officers in the United States, there has been stressed in the article on the need to improve the police training considering development of communicative and interpersonal skills. These skills as well as creative thinking, problem-solving and decision-making skills are among the most needed for the professional efficiency of every law enforcement officer. The author considers that a new law enforcement agency serving the social needs and protecting the rights of citizens requires modern approaches to the police training. So, as the community-oriented policing is an important aspect of law enforcement work, police training academies should train their officers to interact effectively with public. Coming from the USA research outcomes, the core interpersonal competencies for law enforcement officers are identified as following: ability to use good judgment and to problem solve; capacity for empathy and compassion; capacity for multi-tasking; ability to demonstrate courage and to take responsibility; ability to be resourceful and show initiative; demonstrating assertiveness; possess and demonstrate integrity; capacity for engaging in teamwork and ability to collaborate. The contemporary methodologies like problem-based learning, communications-based instructions, and practical scenario training providing development of law enforcers’ communicative and interpersonal skills are analyzed in the article. Within training programs these methods integrate many of the educational results such as: thinking critically with the ability to analyze complex problems; locate, assess, and utilize significant educational resources; display outstanding skills related to written and oral communications; and develop into life-long learners by using their intellectual and content knowledge. The author says that the experience of the USA police training according to the mentioned sphere can be crucially useful for the police reform process in Ukraine.&#x0D; Кеу words: communication skills; interpersonal skills; law enforcers; police training; the USA.

Peculiarities of Distance Learning Platforms Usage in Law Enforcement Educational Institutions during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The article reviews the peculiarities of distance learning platforms usage in law enforcement educational institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Distance learning at U.S. Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, which is based on the Online Campus have been substantiated. Particular attention is paid to topical issues of training on such online training mod-ules of the Campus: crime scene, driving training, drugs, firearms, health, interviews, investigation, law, topography, maritime training, personal security, technical means, terrorism, stopping vehicles, etc. There are also programs to study the courses "Small Arms" and "Use of Force" in the online training modules of the Campus. The specifics of professional training of border guards in Asian countries have been revealed: the use of platforms of law enforcement agencies; focus of training on the devel-opment of basic competencies and the ability to solve problem situations; the opportunity to take online courses for all categories of staff at a con-venient time; creation of a three-level round-the-clock system of functioning of training of specialists. Peculiarities of professional training of border guards of European countries have been outlined considering the usage of both the platforms of institutions and joint platforms of international organizations, namely: web platform Virtual Aula of Agency FRONTEX; CEPOL DL (e-Net) web platform; European Coast Guard Training (ECGTP) platforms; ILIAS EU Mission EUBAM; Connect &amp; Learn UNHCR; UNODC and others. Special attention is paid to the capabilities of the Virtual Aula web platform for training teachers, instructors, external experts, etc. Web platform Virtual Aula of Agency FRONTEX presents up-to-date information on educational programs conducted in Europe. Characteristics of distance learning platforms usage in higher law enforcement educational institutions in Ukraine have been presented. Distance learning course of the English language for border guards have been developed and implemented. Considerable attention is also paid to the disclosure of online assessment of knowledge: the test of self-control on the topics, modules, and procedure of final assessment.

Evaluation of Ongoing Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Training for Law Enforcement Using the ECHO Model

Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training aims to improve law enforcement officers’ (LEOs) ability to safely intervene in calls for service involving individuals with mental illness, as well as to increase LEOs’ ability to link these individuals to mental health services and divert them from the criminal justice system. However, most CIT training is delivered as a stand-alone class, and continuing education in CIT principles and best practices is limited. To address this problem, the Albuquerque Police Department, in partnership with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of New Mexico, developed CIT ECHO to provide continuing education in CIT best practices. The authors evaluated 113 weekly CIT ECHO sessions targeting LEOs in New Mexico, offered between 2017 and 2020. LEOs electronically completed a post-session survey after each didactic; additionally, a targeted follow-up survey was distributed to LEOs participating in at least three sessions. Surveys measured impact of CIT ECHO on knowledge, self-efficacy, and attitudes towards individuals with mental illness involved in the criminal justice system. After participating in CIT ECHO, LEOs reported increases in knowledge of didactic content and that they felt comfortable applying didactic content on the job. LEOs also evidenced positive attitudinal shifts towards individuals with mental illness and criminal justice involvement. Continuing education in CIT best practices appears to increase LEOs’ knowledge base and comfort in working with individuals with mental illness and criminal justice involvement, as well as results in positive attitudinal shifts towards this population.