Aspects Of Training Research Articles

Psychotherapy training in Brazil: Experiences of psychiatric trainees and early career psychiatrists.

Understanding and skills in psychotherapy are fundamental aspects of clinical psychiatry practice. Learning about psychotherapy during the training of psychiatrists offers solid opportunities for developing high standards of psychiatric practice and providing better outcomes for patients. However, little is known about the extent that psychotherapy training is available to psychiatrists in America. This study aimed to analyze the status of psychotherapy training in Brazil through the experiences of early-career psychiatrists. This is a cross-sectional survey conducted between July and November 2021. A 16-item questionnaire was used to investigate: the quality of psychotherapy training; the organizational aspects of psychotherapy training; and satisfaction with training in psychotherapy. The majority of participants reported having mandatory training in psychotherapy, mainly in cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy. However, only had some practical experience with psychotherapy training. This study highlights the frequent use of psychotherapy training among Brazilian early career psychiatrists. The consensus on the necessity of mandatory psychotherapy training underscores its importance in shaping psychiatric practice. While participants express satisfaction with psychotherapy supervision, the financial burden for advanced training raises concerns. These findings advocate for the improvement of the quality of psychotherapy training in Brazil.

Title: Assessment of Student Perception Regarding Clinical Training in Undergraduate Dental Programs Using Clin Ed IQ.

Purpose. Clinical training is essential part of the dental curriculum. Both clinical environment and Teachers are essential factors which affect the acquired clinical skills. The objective was to assess the perceptions of dental students regarding their clinical training. Methods. This mixed method study using Clin Ed IQ questionnaire was conducted on Dental students graduating from both Private and Public sector institutes of Karachi. The questionnaire had four sections, the first three based on various aspect of clinical training, with responses based on 5-point Likert scale. Section four had open-ended items about dental curriculum. Results. For responses of 220 participants related to the first three sections, mean and standard deviation was calculated. Section two about Involvement in specific learning activities, had the lowest composite mean score (8.4). Results for all responses of agreement were tabulated as percentages. Overall, the scores were positive, with Section three regarding interaction with clinical instructors having highest positive responses. Dental graduates of Private sector institutes were more satisfied by their clinical training. Thematic analysis of open-ended questions yielded themes related to trained faculty, communication skills, patient safety skills, diversity, and integrated curriculum. Conclusion. The students of both types of institutes reported lack of diversity in clinical cases and deficient feedback from instructors as their major concern. However, the results showed a positive perception to their clinical experiences. Institutes and regulatory authorities should address areas of concern, to ensure provision of a holistic clinical learning environment to dental graduates.

Microaggression or micromessage? How choice of term influences working adults' emotional reactions to a training module about subtle slights

AbstractThe need for workplace training about diversity, equity and inclusion is widely acknowledged. To date, however, there is conflicting evidence as to its effectiveness. Various aspects of design and content may be influential. This study explored the relationship between the terminology used in diversity training and trainee reactions. It employed two versions of a short e‐learning module about subtle slights (a range of ambiguous and negative interactions) to explore whether using the term ‘microaggression’ or ‘micromessage’ affected trainee emotional reactions to the module. The sample comprised 630 working adults in the United Kingdom representing different ethnic, gender and age groups. Results suggested that there were differences in trainee emotional reactions to the term used. The term ‘micromessage’ resulted in more positive reactions; significantly more trainees expressed interest, and significantly fewer reported sadness and anger than when the term ‘microaggression’ was used. There were also some small differences in reactions between the various demographic groups. This study adds to the literature exploring the terminology used to refer to subtle slights and how terminology might influence trainee reactions in diversity training. It also provides researchers and training providers with a methodology to assess aspects of diversity training before deployment.

Analysis of Football Academy Students Skill: Using The David Lee Proficiency Test

Football is a popular team sport that is widely loved and played around the world. Basic football skills are crucial for every team member, and each individual must train in fundamental football techniques. Tests and measurements play a crucial role in football training as they can enhance players' skills. Safin Pati Sports School is a leading boarding football academy in Central Java, admitting students based on interest without any selection process. However, the students have not undergone any previous tests or measurements of their football skills. This research aims to analyze the level of basic football skills among students born in 2009 at Safin Pati Sports School. The research methodology employed purposive sampling technique, and a statistical descriptive analysis was conducted with 33 students born in 2009 as the research subjects. Data collection was carried out through the David Lee speed test. The results of the analysis indicate that the level of basic football skills among Safin Pati Sports School students is categorized as good, with 42.42% of students demonstrating good speed test scores. The positive outcomes are attributed to a well-designed program encompassing aspects of physical fitness, technical training, tactical drills, and mental exercises.

PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING IN THE SYSTEM OF SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ON THE BASIS OF CLIL APPROACH

The relevance of the research is due to the need to modernize foreign language (FL) training in the system of secondary vocational education (herein after referred to as SVE) as part of the implementation of the new Federal State Educational Standards in the context of strengthening the career guidance potential of FL learning. Accentuating the FL learning professional bias in college is aimed at developing students’ FL communicative competence in situations of professional communication and also for the sake of developing students’ professional self-determination. However, the development of the foundations of professionally-oriented FL training of SVE students has not been the subject of a separate study, which determines the urgency of the presented work. The purpose of the study is to work out the content and organizational foundations of professionally-oriented FL training, based on the CLIL approach. The study identifi es principles, requirements, didactic tools and materials that ensure the students’ mastering FL professional communication and the professional self-determination of students in the process of specialized FL training in the SVE system. It has been established that the electronic educational training manual on information technology and telecommunication systems, based on the CLIL approach, developed in the course of study has proven its effectiveness. The proposed principles, stages and content of teacher and student activities ensure the integrity of educational and personality developmental aspects of professionally-oriented FL training of SVE students, parallel and simultaneous mastery of all types of speech activity in the process of solving problem quasi-professional tasks in a specialized fi eld, and can be successfully used in a real educational process in a FL class at a SVE institution.

Contributions of MYRRHA to the European Fusion Energy Roadmap

One of the main objectives of the EUROfusion Roadmap to Fusion Energy during Horizon Europe is to finalize the conceptual design (thus preparing the engineering design phase) and initiate the construction of a fusion spectrum neutron source (IFMIF-DONES). The Belgian Nuclear Research Center is currently developing the MYRRHA research facilities, which include a subcritical accelerator-driven system ignited by a 600 MeV superconducting linear proton accelerator coupled to a 100 MeV proton injector. The implementation of the multipurpose fast spectrum reactor MYRRHA will proceed in phases, with phase I, covering 2019–2027, including the deployment of the 100 MeV proton accelerator and associated fusion material research facilities. The research on fusion materials on the basis of the 100 MeV proton beam and with hot cell facilities will focus on innovative materials and composites and will be fully complementary to IFMIF-DONES as well to the planned research program on using currently available nuclearized facilities such as BR2 (Belgian Research Reactor 2) and Hot Cells for mechanical, microstructural and chemical analysis. A bespoke fusion irradiation module is also foreseen on the MYRRHA reactor, the construction of which is planned in the third phase of the implementation of the project (i.e. after 2035). Provisions have been made in the core of the MYRRHA reactor to include so-called In-Pile Sections around the central core or at the central core position below the spallation target when operating in subcritical mode. In this contribution, we review the role and technical capabilities that MYRRHA facilities may provide in the framework of the European Fusion Electricity Roadmap and specifically for DEMO Engineering Design, Material's Development and enhancement of Technology Readiness Level. Aspects of education and training, being an integral part of the European nuclear fusion program, are also touched upon. Finally, the synchronization of the timelines for the implementation of MYRRHA and the EU fusion facilities are discussed.

Emergency general surgery exposure for core surgical trainees in Scotland – training or service provision?

Abstract Introduction Emergency general surgery (EGS) is a key aspect of general surgical training. The core surgical quality indicators (QI) suggest core trainees (CSTs) should be involved in dealing with emergency patients 1x week. However, there are ongoing concerns that CSTs miss important training prospects due to service provision. We aimed to compare the distribution of on-call vs elective work for CSTs across different EGS centres in Scotland. Methods CSTs in general surgery in Scotland were asked to volunteer an anonymised copy of their on-call rota in 2023, which was subsequently analysed for on-call vs elective shifts. An anonymous survey was distributed assessing compliance to QIs. Results Ten rotas were analysed, including 3 tertiary centres and 7 district general hospitals (DGH). 90% of trainees were involved in EGS at least 1x week; 6 were on a junior-tier rather than registrar rota. In a six-month period, CSTs average 51 (42-67) on-call shifts, correlating to >60% of their rota. Those on a registrar rota and in DGHs tended to have less (45 vs 54, 50 vs 55 respectively). Four rotas have dedicated CEPOD shifts. Conclusion Increased exposure to EGS can have positive effects for CSTs. Our results show CSTs have ample on-call rota commitments, thus become familiar with EGS presentations. However, excess service provision for CSTs has been shown to negatively impact training. Thus, training centres must aim to protect training opportunities. Provision of dedicated CEPOD shifts alongside admitting shifts may help maximise satisfaction and training in EGS.

Does training on the WHO package of essential noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions enhance consultation quality? A real-world assessment of adherence to PEN protocol in primary health centres in the Republic of Moldova

ABSTRACT Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant global health challenge. Primary health centres are pivotal in addressing this challenge by providing essential care to NCD patients. The WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions has been designed to enhance the quality of NCD consultations and ensure adherence to the protocol. This study investigates the effects of PEN training in Moldova. Objectives The primary objective of this study is to assess the effects of training on WHO PEN on the quality of NCD consultations and adherence to the PEN protocol in a real -world setting in primary health centres in Moldova. Methods An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, comparing primary health centres where health personnel received PEN training, provided by the Healthy Life project, to those where such training was not provided. In total, 24 family doctors and 24 medical assistants were observed for 233 workdays and covering 2,166 NCD consultations. Results Intervention primary health centres (PHCs) showed longer NCD consultation durations, with family doctors and medical assistants spending an added 1 minute 43 seconds and 3 minutes 10 seconds, respectively. These PHCs also reported a higher proportion of primary NCD consultations, indicating better screening for new NCD patients. Medical assistants in the intervention group took on a more pronounced role in NCD care. However, the findings also highlight the necessity to refine aspects of the PEN training, especially concerning follow-up consultations, risk assessments, and task delegation. Conclusions The findings suggest that the PEN training contributed to improvement of both the quality of NCD consultations and adherence to the PEN protocol. Yet, there is a need for enhancing the identified aspects of the PEN training. The findings highlight the potential of PEN training in primary healthcare settings for improved NCD management.

Teaching Medical Anthropology in UK Medical Schools: Cultivating Autoethnographic Practice among Medical Students

Behavioural and social sciences (BSS) are a core component of undergraduate medical education in the United Kingdom. Despite the formal recognition of BSS by the UK’s General Medical Council (GMC), anthropology remains largely at the periphery in the medical curriculum. Medical students often describe it as ‘fluffy’ or as ‘common sense’, in comparison to biomedical learning content. To make anthropology more relevant and applicable to future clinical practice, we draw on ethnographic data (interviews, focus groups, field notes and reflective texts written by medical students) collected by an anthropologist during fieldwork in two UK medical schools. We suggest moving this content out of the preclinical phase and instead incorporating it into the clinical phase. Specifically, we propose that having students conduct a micro-autoethnography during the clinical phase brings together two crucial aspects of medical student training: BSS principles and formation of a professional identity. Embedding these concepts in this specific context will allow students to process tensions they may feel between interactions they observe in a clinical context and team versus what they have been formally taught. This process allows them to negotiate their own professional identity between practice and ideal while more robustly situating BSS content in a relevant and immediately applicable manner within the current constraints of the medical curriculum.

Water aerobic training in cardiac rehabilitation programs

Water aerobic training can be considered as an additional method of exercise in the rehabilitation of cardiovascular patients. The review examines the physiological effects of water training, the potential of its use in different categories of cardiac patients, its advantages, dosing the load and monitoring its intensity in the aquatic environment. The practical aspects of aqua aerobic training are discussed, and research data on its safety and effectiveness in cardiac rehabilitation programs is provided.

Process evaluation of the Invictus Pathways Program.

UniSA's Invictus Pathways Program (IPP), a service program, was originally developed to assist veterans to train for and participate in the Invictus Games. More recently, the scope of the IPP has widened to support and improve wellbeing and facilitate post traumatic growth and recovery among participants who are living with physical and mental health injuries and conditions. This paper describes the components of the IPP and reports its process evaluation. Underpinned by a pragmatic approach, data related to participant and student involvement in the IPP, the number of participant training sessions, session attendance, program activities and events, and program fidelity were compiled from process documentation that had been collected between 2017 and 2020, inclusive. Following ethics approval, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants of the IPP, members of their family support network, and university staff to understand the operations of the IPP and satisfaction with the program. There was high fidelity for the student-led exercise training aspects of IPP; however, data collection relevant to participants' psychological outcomes, and non-training IPP events and activities did not always occur as intended. Between 2017 and 2020, 53 veterans had participated in or were still participating in the IPP, and 63 allied health students had completed placements as student trainers. Fifty-three individual training sessions were delivered in 2017, increasing to 1,024 in 2020. Seventy-one interviews were completed with key IPP stakeholders. The qualitative analysis identified four higher order themes: Implementation and fidelity of the IPP, Satisfaction with the IPP, Areas of the IPP requiring improvement and suggestions for change, and Sustainability of the IPP. Satisfaction was generally high for the IPP, although there were factors that negatively impacted the experience for some participants and their family support network. Suggestions for improvement to program components and delivery aspects were made during the interviews, and the precariousness of IPP funding and sustainability was raised as an ongoing concern. This process evaluation has demonstrated that the physical activity training components of the IPP were delivered with high levels of fidelity, and that satisfaction with the IPP is mostly high, although there are areas that could be improved. There is a need for a more structured approach to the ongoing evaluation of the IPP. This includes ensuring that program staff have a shared understanding of the purpose of evaluation activities and that these activities occur as intended. Beyond this is the need to secure funding to support the sustainability of the IPP, so that it can continue to contribute to the wellbeing of veterans living with physical and mental health conditions, and their families.

RATIONALITY ANALYSIS OF UNIVERSITY BRAND IMPLEMENTATION PATH

Brand is a socio-economic phenomenon. Brand is the product of the development of commodity economy to a certain stage. The generation of brand marks the maturity of the concept in the process of commodity exchange. To simply define a brand, it refers to a name, symbol, symbol or design of a seller or service, highlighting its competitive advantage and being distinguished from its competitors. In tandem with trends toward the popularization, marketization, and internationalization of higher education, brand marketing emerged in the field of higher education in the 1980s. In addition, with improvements in social welfare and new forms of public management, the commercialization and marketization of higher education have attracted increasing attention. The definition of the university brand can be described as that the university brand is the organic combination of representation information (name, noun, mark or design) and profound connotation (value, culture, personality and spirit), so that it is distinguished from competitors and recognized by consumers. Brand strategy is the overall planning and implementation of brand building and future development carried out by brand institutions under the guidance of brand strategic thinking based on their own conditions and analysis of the current situation and future trends of the external competitive environment. The essence of brand strategy is to shape the core expertise of the company, thereby ensuring its long-term development. Brand strategy is to establish a corporate strategy centered on building a strong brand. The core of raising brand building to the business strategy of a company lies in establishing a distinctive brand identity. Through the analysis of the actual situation and future trend of the external competitive environment, according to the guidance of its own conditions, the university conducts the overall planning and implementation of the future development of the university under the guidance of brand strategic thought. The C9 Alliance is the first university alliance between top universities in China. The alliance includes nine universities, including Peking University, Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Nanjing University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University and Harbin Institute of Technology. Its development model, development path, talent training and other aspects are the target of many Chinese universities. Centering on the connotation of university brand, this paper analyzes the brand implementation road of "C9 Alliance" university to prove the rationality of the model observation point proposed in this paper, and on this basis, puts forward reference suggestions on the implementation path of ordinary undergraduate university brand.

Implementation of Skilled Training Programs at Vocational College: A View of the Instructors’ Perspectives

The vocational colleges of Malaysia have been running several engineering related programs to certify their students with Malaysian Skills Certificate, Malaysian Vocational Diploma and Malaysian Vocational Certificate. The aim of these programs is to provide competent skilled and knowledge workers for the needs of the local industries in order to foster national development towards achieving developed nation status. To ensure the success of these programs, instructors are expected to be able to conduct training and master the engineering education process. This study was conducted to identify vocational college instructors’ views on the implementation of the skill training programs in the aspects of curriculum, infrastructure and industrial training. A total of 116 technical instructors in the fields of engineering skills namely Welding Technology, Automotive Technology, Electrical Technology, Refrigeration and Air conditioning, Electronic Technology, Industrial Machining and Construction Technology participated in this research. The data were analysed to determine the average mean score of the measured variables. Findings showed that the average mean score for curriculum and industrial training aspects were found to be at high level, while moderate level was obtained for the aspect of infrastructure. This finding implies that professional development programs are less crucial compared to facilities required to run the skill training programs. This issue needs to be addressed by the vocational colleges’ management and government to ensure successful implementation of these skilled training program at college level.

Professional Barriers in the Future Teachers' Readiness to Work at Inclusive Schools

Nowadays there is a lack of empirical data demonstrating the degree of professional barriers in the future teachers` readiness to work at inclusive schools. This problem is relevant for the training teachers at universities. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of professional barriers that arise among future teachers in the process of preparing for working at inclusive schools, the results of the testing the pedagogical technology to overcome professional barriers in training future teachers. The study involves 393 students majoring in specialty “Pedagogical education”. The authors use the questionnaire called “Professional barriers in the future teachers` readiness to work at inclusive schools”. The research found the imperfection of professional training for the implementation of inclusive education. There are academic, activity, social, personal, resource professional barriers that arise among future teachers in preparing for working at inclusive schools. Professional barriers are caused by some deficits. They do not allow future teachers to perform their professional and pedagogical activities at an acceptable quality level. The classification of professional barriers based on the analysis of empirical data is presented. The content and features are described. The systematization of empirical data made it possible to develop a pedagogical technology to overcome professional barriers in training future teachers at the university. The approbation of pedagogical technology contributes to clarifying scientific ideas about the process of professional and personal formation of future teachers in terms of identifying and overcoming their professional barriers. The results of the study may be used in training students majoring in specialty “Pedagogical education”. Professional barriers are considered to be a significant aspect of the professional teaching training.

The Sequence of Administrative Decisions Due the Organisation of Physical Training Process of Commissioned Officers

The article highlights a problematic issue and shows that management process is of decisive importance for the effective use of the combat capabilities of military formations during their performance of combat missions in modern warfire. The process of making management decisions, the ability to approve these decisions, which are necessary for the performance of management functions, is the basis of management theory. The commander needs to combine the skills of a qualified military specialist, leader and teacher, capable of making successful decisions in order to successfully manage all aspects of routine, moral, psychological and combat training of personnel. Many factors affect the process of making and implementing management decisions. They are the most significant: society and the environment in which the decision is made; compliance of the management elements with the purpose, vision and mission of the military unit; individual qualities of the leader (existence of life principles, value system, ideology, education, life experience, knowledge, habits, etc.); interdependence of decisions (one important decision entails the need to make a number of less important decisions); the risk and possibility of negative consequences due to wrong decisions; the degree of provision of modern technical, material means and weapons and the possibilities of their application in the decision-making process. An important role in the process of making a management decision by a commissioned officer is military internship. During this internship various combat situations are simulated under extreme conditions of training and combat activities with increased physical and psycho-emotional stress. Also, favourable conditions are created for commissioned officers to master the practical skills of performing there official duties, studying the content of commanders' activities to ensure a high level of combat readiness, organization and order in the real conditions of the functioning of military units.

Undergraduate Training in Psychiatry: Observational Perspective of Medical Officers Working at Primary Health-care Settings

Abstract Background: Primary care physicians are not adequately trained to tackle mental health problems. The study aimed to evaluate undergraduate training in Psychiatry: An observational perspective of medical officers. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in North India. Participants were assessed on a self-designed questionnaire developed by the Indian psychiatric society to assess various aspects of undergraduate training. Other questionnaires measured residents’ satisfaction with the quality of training programs and perceived need for psychiatric training in undergraduate courses. Results: The participant’s mean age was 32.4 years; majorities were male medical officers. About one-tenth reported that there were no separate psychiatry departments and designated psychiatry consultants in their college. Approximately 50% reported: No regular supervision by any psychiatric faculty or having psychiatric disorders discussions in clinical rounds. More than half (50.9%) were not confident enough to identify common signs and symptoms of psychiatric problems. From one-third to half of the participants were unsatisfied with various aspects of the training program, like teaching skills, diagnostic interviews, clinical posting, etc. Majority (77.3%–83.7%) agreed that there is a need to improve the psychiatry training program; during the clinic rounds, psychiatric diagnosis should be discussed, and psychiatry should be a separate subject in under-graduation. Conclusion: Primary health-care physicians were unsatisfied with an undergraduate psychiatry training program. Hence, psychiatry should be an independent subject during the undergraduate training program, with dedicated theoretical and clinical hours for psychiatry training and a separate paper for evaluation.

Analysis of Commercialization of Fencing

With the rapid development of China's economy and the improvement of people's living standards, sports activities have been appreciated by more and more people. The sports economy is thriving and is increasingly given widespread attention and importance to society. The fencing industry has also injected fresh blood for the development of the sport economy. The sport of fencing essentially combines elements of entertainment, business, and fitness, while at the same time has emerged as a potential business target for major brand corporations. Analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of fencing commercialization and proposing related solutions that will benefit the future development and further commercialization of the fencing industry. This essay thoroughly examines how fencing sports could help industrialization progress and offers a theoretical foundation for fencing sport promotion in China. This research paper uses case-analyzing and literature studying to fulfill this research work. In conclusion, the commercialization of fencing has lots of potential and still in progress. A key aspect of training and development of sports commercialization is to have professional talent to adapt to the needs of sports development. The second is the need to carry out international exchanges and cooperation to find the development response suitable for China.

Importance of soil fertility for climate-resilient cropping systems: The farmer's perspective

Healthy and productive agricultural soils are the basis for global food security as they are a prerequisite for yield-stable cropping systems under climate change. Despite the expansion of agricultural research activities in this area through field experiments, lab analyses, and modelling frameworks, current empirical insights from farming practice on a more national scale are still rare. For this reason, the agronomic importance of soil fertility for farming practice was the focus of this nationwide empirical study conducted in Germany (winter/spring 2022) with a total sample size of 585. The views and needs of 370 farmers and 215 agricultural institutionalists were evaluated, i.a., regarding the importance of soil fertility and related soil properties, as well as preferred agronomic management strategies and needs for the promotion of soil fertility. The results showed that most farmers and institutionalists consider soil fertility to be very important. Moreover, it was emphasized that the importance of this factor will increase in the future due to changing climatic conditions (e.g., heat/drought stress) and the need for more sustainable land use including the protection of biodiversity. The main motivations for agronomic investments in greater soil fertility were improving the climate resilience and yield stability of cropping systems. In this context, the top soil properties of interest were ranked by the respondents as follows: (1) water storage capacity, (2) rootability, (3) biological activity, and (4) water infiltration rate. To promote soil fertility, farmers mainly considered catch cropping, diversified crop rotations with a positive humus balance, and year-round ground plant cover/mulch as the most useful agronomic measures. In terms of methods for the assessment of soil fertility, soil structure analyses, biological indicators, yield/biomass production, soil nutrient analyses, and field methods were most important, whereas sensor systems and apps/digital tools were of minor importance. For the future improvement of soil fertility promotion in farming practice, simple indicators and reference values for assessing soil fertility as well as 'workshops, field days, and field schools' for training aspects were suggested by the participants. Overall, there were few differences between the perceptions of farmers and agricultural institutionalists. Both groups pointed out the need for improved communication between politics, science, and practice such that agriculture can respond more quickly to changing climatic conditions in the future.

PRESERVATION OF CRAFT HERITAGE AND ITS POTENTIAL IN YOUTH ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

The community's involvement in preserving cultural heritage is very important and greatly impacts it. One of the ways to involve the community in the preservation of cultural heritage, especially in fine arts and crafts, is to combine those efforts with economic benefits for the target group. The strategy will attract the community's interest, especially those looking for a job or wanting to increase their economic resources. Financial problems, job loss, and unemployment are big issues among today's youth. The study focuses on forming a step that can act as a double-edged sword that aims at two objectives; preserve cultural heritage and create new economic resources, especially for the youth. Therefore, this study aims to identify the potential of intangible cultural heritage (fine arts and crafts) in creating new economic resources for youth facing unemployment. This study was carried out using a mixed-methodology approach which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative implemented in Malaysia covering all zones, namely North Zone (Penang), West/Central Zone (Selangor), East Zone (Terengganu) and East Malaysia Zone (Sabah). The questionnaire involved 155 youth groups involved in the traditional craft sector. In-depth interview method with respondents consisting of government bodies such as the National Heritage Department, the Malaysian Handicrafts Development Corporation, and NGOs from other relevant agencies. The results of the study found that intangible cultural heritage (fine arts and crafts) can be preserved by making it a new economic resource among the youth. With the support of the government, help from the aspect of training, and the interest of the youth itself, the craft heritage has the potential to generate income while guaranteeing the sustainability of this cultural heritage. This study is expected to be a backup for the government in designing any cultural heritage preservation program that greatly impacts the community, especially the youth. It becomes a new economic source for them.

Leveraging Machine Learning for Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Perspective.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted tremendous interest because of their tunable structures, functionalities, and physiochemical properties. The nearly infinite combinations of metal nodes and organic linkers have led to the synthesis of over 100,000 experimental MOFs and the construction of millions of hypothetical counterparts. It is intractable to identify the best candidates in the immense chemical space of MOFs for applications via conventional trial-to-error experiments or brute-force simulations. Over the past several years, machine learning (ML) has substantially transformed the way of MOF discovery, design, and synthesis. Driven by the abundant data from experiments or simulations, ML can not only efficiently and accurately predict MOF properties but also quantitatively derive structure-property relationships for rational design and screening. In this Perspective, we summarize recent achievements in leveraging ML for MOFs from the aspects of data acquisition, featurization, model training, and applications. Then, current challenges and new opportunities are discussed for the future exploration of ML to accelerate the development of new MOFs in this vibrant field.