Training Of Engineers Research Articles

Prediction of remaining useful life for rolling bearing based on ISOMAP and multi-head self-attention with gated recurrent unit

The remaining useful life of rolling element bearing affects the reliability and stability of the machine. Accurately predicting the remaining useful life of rolling element bearings is always necessary to make maintenance decisions in practical engineering. However, the remaining useful life prediction methods using traditional machine learning are incompetent for the task of training without labels, which consumes computational cost, financial resources, and labor. Therefore, a gated recurrent unit model based on feature dimensionality reduction and the multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHGRU) is established, and a homology algorithm is proposed to train the model and make the prediction. The isometric feature mapping algorithm and a homology algorithm are used in the model training, which incorporates the advantages of appreciable computational efficiency and preservation of automatic labeling for training in engineering. First, 24 basic features are extracted from the life-cycle vibration signals of rolling element bearings to reconstruct fusion features by the isometric feature mapping algorithm, which aims to reduce the feature dimension and improve computational efficiency. Since the multi-head self-attention mechanism in the MHGRU has the ability to comprehensively highlight the attention coefficient for long-term fusion features at different moments, it gives the gated recurrent unit considerable performance in reducing the computational complexity of extremely long time series and improving the accuracy of prediction results. In addition, two open-source IEEE PHM Challenge and XJTU-SY bearing datasets sampled by the sensor are adopted to assess the prediction performance of the MHGRU with homology algorithm. Finally, some existing remaining useful life prediction approaches of rolling element bearings are used for comparison. The experimental results show that MHGRU is suitable for the remaining useful life prediction of rolling element bearings and is superior to other models.

A porous elastomer with a cavity array for three-dimensional plantar force sensing

Human gait is an important indicator for diagnosis of various movement-related disorders. Three-dimensional (3D) plantar force monitoring enables real-time recording of contact forces in both the normal and tangential directions in each step, providing useful clues for identification of irregular gait patterns or gait-related health issues. Most flexible sensors for gait monitoring focus on contact forces in the normal direction, being limited to detect forces in the tangential direction. Herein we have developed a porous elastomer with a cavity array (PECA) to measure 3D contact forces for gait analysis. The sensor consists of two fabric electrodes and a dielectric layer of porous Ecoflex elastomer containing a 5 × 5 cavity array, forming four parallel-plate capacitor units in a soft construction. Therefore, a 3D force in any arbitrary direction generates four unique capacitive electrical signals. Importantly, the PECA includes a well-designed combination of micrometer-scale pores and millimeter-sized cavities, dramatically improving the detection sensitivity and linear elasticity range. We have demonstrated high sensitivities of 0.41 N−1 and 0.23 N−1 in the normal and tangential directions, respectively. The flexible PECA-based sensors have been tested to sensitively distinguish various standing postures and different stride lengths for gait analysis, promising reliable translation into areas such as healthcare monitoring, sports training, and rehabilitation engineering.

CREATION OF A NEW METHODOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN COMPETENCE AMONG FUTURE ENGINEERS

This article explores the challenge of developing design competence in engineering students, a skill set increasingly vital in the face of modern technological demands. It introduces a novel methodology aimed at enhancing the training of future engineers, equipping them with the necessary tools to solve complex design and construction problems effectively. Grounded in an in-depth analysis of current engineering education practices, the proposed methodology integrates modern technologies, project-based learning, and an interdisciplinary approach to create a comprehensive and innovative educational framework.

Challenges and Teaching Reform Strategies in Vocational College Engineering Training Courses

With the rapid development of vocational education, engineering training has become a crucial course for cultivating highly skilled technical professionals, highlighting its importance. However, vocational college engineering training courses still face numerous challenges during the actual teaching process, which affect the effectiveness of course teaching and the enhancement of students’ engineering competence. This article thoroughly analyzes the main problems existing in current engineering training course teaching, focusing on four aspects: students’ cognitive differences, inadequate course development, poor course adaptability, and limited teaching resources. Based on this analysis and previous research findings, targeted strategies are proposed, including enhancing students’ course cognition, clarifying course positioning, improving course adaptability, and optimizing the allocation of teaching resources. Furthermore, this article preliminarily verifies the effectiveness of some reform strategies through a small-scale teaching experiment. This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for enhancing the teaching quality of vocational college engineering training courses.

The role of Higher Education Institutions in training engineers for the era of circular economy: the Portuguese case

The transition from linear economy (LE) towards a circular economy (CE) is Europe Union´s (EU) concerned and involve lot of efforts and actions. Education for circular economy (ECE) is emergent. This paper aims to map Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Portugal, Bachelor’s and Master’s degree programs and Postgraduate courses in Industrial Engineering and Management (IEM) that address CE in their curricula with the aim of empowering students for the new era. A systematic search was performed to identify B.Sc./ M.Sc. in IEM of Portuguese Universities and Polytechnic Institutes, public and private, analyzing the content of their curricular units. As results, this study did not identify a strong interest about CE on the part of HEIs and their lecturers. Findings suggest that HEIs are not training future IEM engineers for the era of CE. This study contributes to make an alert to HEIs and their lecturers to review their teaching process, stimulating to improve the quality of the IEM curricula. We suggest a deep reform of the professional curriculum system, enriching curricular. Future studies can approach skills and competences developed towards CE what facilitate a redesign of courses.

Gamification strategy to promote social and human factors in the training of software engineers: A case study

Gamification strategy to promote social and human factors in the training of software engineers: A case study

Experience in the development and use of simulators for professional training of specialists in the electric power industry

Issues of development of simulators for training and testing of electrical engineers and students of electrical engineering specialties were considered. They are based on modern knowledge in the field of electricity. The main characteristics of simulators and requirements for their computer support are given. The developments implement a new method of practical training and testing of electrical engineers and can be used at all stages of electrical engineer training. The considered simulators are based on a combination of practical and theoretical knowledge of the electric power industry. The purpose of the developments is to activate and increase the efficiency of the educational process due to the introduction of new learning technologies. The technical capabilities of the software implement both individual and team work of students and electric power personnel. It was noted that in recent years, two professional simulators, implemented in the form of two laboratory workshops, have been developed and implemented in the educational process at the department of electrical energy transmission of National technical university “Kharkiv polytechnic institute”. The first helps students study the main provisions of the Normative Documentation in the power industry, the second – the rules and sequence of operational switching in electrical networks. In addition, experts determine the high efficiency of training systems based on precedent-analytical models. The exercise program according to the plan-do-check-act cycle is considered. Its basis is the well-known concept of continuous quality improvement “Plan-Do-Check-Act” (Deming's cycle). For the electric power industry, a plan-do-check-act cycle approach can consist of cyclical planning of activities, implementation of planned actions, verification of results obtained and correction of non-conformance to expectations. The precedent-scenario method of constructing a training system based on the software platform of the training system based on the plan-do-check-act scenario is presented in detail.

Teaching content model for designing digital systems of power grid relay protection and automation

It was found that the effective formation of conceptual-analytical and productive-synthetic levels of formation of professional knowledge and skills regarding the design of digital systems of power grid relay protection and automation is possible with the systematic development and use of a generalized model of the teaching content. Based on the study of information models of technical systems, a feature model was adopted as a basic invariant, which includes a set of features of the purpose, construction, principle of operation and parameters of the technical system. It was found that the design process of digital systems of power grid relay protection and automation can be conventionally divided into three stages, namely, the development of the design task, the direct implementation of the design, and the determination of the parameters of operation. Causal chains of knowledge that form the basis of problem solving at these three stages are determined. It was found that the methods of step-by-step decomposition and aggregation are key in building the content of teaching the design of digital systems of power grid relay protection and automation based on causal chains of knowledge. A generalized model of the teaching content design of digital systems of power grid relay protection and automation based on causal chains of knowledge is substantiated. According to the generalized model, the teaching content design of specific microprocessor l systems of power grid relay protection and automation has been developed. With the help of experimental verification, the effectiveness of the teaching content design of digital systems of relay protection and automation based on causal chains of knowledge has been proven. The results of the research can be used in the educational process of professional training of future engineers in the specialty 141 Electric power, electrical engineering and electromechanics.

The project-based learning model of training engineers: exploring opportunities for building an individual learning trajectory from the students’ and instructors’ perspectives

Introduction. The project-based approach into engineering training is an innovative education practice that exemplifies the UNESCO strategy for implementing such practices in education worldwide. The motivation of the study is justified by the fact that the implementation of project-based learning involves building a student learning trajectory, which meets demands for competitive specialists in the automotive industry. The research aimed to investigate opportunities for building students’ learning paths in correlation with the formal performance of the project-based learning model and to elicit issues for its improving. Materials and methods. The study used analysis of previous research and formal performance indicators of the project activity at the Mechanical Engineering Center, where pilot engineering training was launched at Togliatti State University (TSU, Russian Federation). To collect empirical data, an online survey was administered among 118 engineering students (its reliability reached Cronbach’s alpha 0.84), and unstructured and focused interviews among student advisors and project supervisors were conducted. Methods of descriptive statistics and IBM SPSS Statistics 23 package were employed to process the obtained quantitative data. Research results. Quantitative performance indicators of the model demonstrate overall positive dynamics in engineers’ training from 2017 to the present. The study discovered project satisfaction at the Mechanical Engineering Centre (74.1%) and the majority of students (71.9%) evaluate positively project opportunities. The correlation between the project role and the awareness of project opportunities was found (r = 0.23; p < 0.05): all student advisors considered project activity as an opportunity to develop their learning trajectory. However, 14.9% of participants did not consider such project prospects. The focused interview clarified reasons for this choice. Conclusion. The study shows that the correlation between the positive dynamics of formal indicators and assessments of the opportunities of building an individual learning trajectory reveals the need to improve the introduced model in terms of finding the optimal balance between the number of projects and their quality. The study prospects include the formation of students’ readiness and internal motivation for participating in engineering projects. The TSU experience in evaluating the opportunities of forming students’ learning paths through project participation can be helpful for other Russian universities where project-based learning is implemented.

THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SOFTWARE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE ROAD ENGINEERS

Road engineers play a crucial role in designing, constructing, and maintaining the infrastructure that connects communities and facilitates transportation. In order to excel in this field, future road engineers must possess a combination of technical skills and interpersonal abilities known as professional competencies. One key aspect that can greatly enhance the development of these competencies is the use of software tools. This article will explore the importance of utilizing software in the education and training of future road engineers to enhance their professional competencies. By leveraging software in their learning and practice, road engineers can hone their technical abilities, improve efficiency in project management, and cultivate essential soft skills for effective collaboration and communication in the workplace. Ultimately, incorporating software into the development of professional competencies is essential for preparing future road engineers to succeed in the ever-evolving field of transportation engineering.

Implementation of economic and didactic opportunities of the educational university-based technology park in the training of engineers for the food industry

Introduction. With the advent of a new component in the system of continuous education – the children’s and youth leisure technology park (technopark) at engineering universities – the task arose to identify its niche in this system, to determine educational and mentoring opportunities. Research purposes are to determine the economic and didactic capabilities of university educational technology parks and to describe the principles of advanced education. Materials and methods. The research material was the activities of the technology park in the field of training personnel for the food industry. Systemic, personal, activity-based and axiological methodological approaches were used. Project-oriented learning and the research-based teaching method, collaboration technology, methods of collective and creative project activity, STEM education technologies, and collaborative learning were applied. Results. Leisure education in the technology park for schoolchildren with engineering inclinations is aimed at the students’ individual development in a creative team, project activities under the guidance of a mentor, demonstration of their scientific and technical achievements at international competitions, active search for their creative “I” and choice of direction for further professional development within the walls a specific university and an already chosen specialty. The technology park is also considered from the perspective of economic pedagogy. The “product” that the technology park offers is the skills of creative work, the ability to combine knowledge obtained from various fields of technical and technological sciences to generate new knowledge and create unique industries, i.e. as an intellectual “good” in the format of skills for its use and skills for ethical assessment of the results of future achievements (axiological aspect of training and education). STEM education technologies are optimally combined with the use of remote access laboratory installations for research, which makes it possible to conduct physical and chemical experiments in real time in real installations, remotely controlling the operation of the installation. This makes it possible to form a clear idea of natural phenomena and their role in technological processes. Conclusion. The creation of university-based technology parks is promising for the actively developing technology industry, it provides the opportunity to form a talented personnel reserve and develop environmental thinking.

APPLICATION OF PRACTICE-ORIENTED EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES IN TRAINING STUDENTS IN ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE SPECIALTIES

Modern social, economic, technical transformations make adjustments in the organization and training of personnel in engineering and natural science specialties, in the basic elements of the structure and content of educational programs. Adjustment of educational programs taking into account modern trends allows providing graduates with competitive advantages in the labor market. At the same time, the problems related to the imbalance of theoretical and practical training, the gap between the skills and competencies formed in students and the needs of the industrial sector, non-adaptation of technologies and teaching methods to the specifics of academic disciplines and expected learning outcomes are still relevant in engineering and science education. Accordingly, the aim of the work was to analyze the peculiarities of application of practice-oriented learning technologies in engineering and science training. In this work the most important learning outcomes for students and employers were determined, the main deficiencies in the skills and competencies of graduates were identified, students' satisfaction with the quality of organization and conduct of practical classes and professional practices was assessed, practice-oriented educational technologies used in teaching professional disciplines were ranked by the degree of importance. Based on the obtained results, a significant correlation between the responses of students and employees of companies/enterprises has been established, the effectiveness of the application of practice-oriented educational technologies to increase students' motivation for learning and responsibility for learning outcomes has been shown, it has been established that employees of companies/enterprises attach greater importance to learning outcomes related to the development of students' personal, social and technical skills and competencies.

Curriculum Construction and Reform for Mechanics of Materials Based on the Training of Outstanding Engineers

Curriculum Construction and Reform for Mechanics of Materials Based on the Training of Outstanding Engineers

Влияние online-дискуссий на формирование навыков аргументации у будущих инженеров

The paper presents the results of empirical research on the effectiveness of online discussions (OD) as a tool for forming argumentation skills among technical university students. On the one hand the actuality of the research is conditioned by the significance of discussion-based training of modern technical specialists under conditions of networking and socio-technical transformation of engineering activity. On the other hand, this problem is not elaborated in the domestic, pedagogies and also contradictory and poorly studied aspects in the foreign one. The results of the present study are important for scientifically substantiated methodological implementation of new approaches to engineering training under conditions of digitalization of education and increased requirements for discussion and information competence of a modern technical specialist. The research was conducted on the basis of two Novosibirsk universities and covered 350 second – and third-year students in "construction" and "automation and computer engineering" baccalaureate specialties. The analysis of the OD results conducted in VLE "Moodle" using "debate" (synchronous discussion) and "forum" (asynchronous discussion) methods showed that inclusion of online-discussions in to the educational process of technical universities improves argumentation skills of future engineers by 20-30 %. The data obtained at the stages of the forming and control experiment let us reveal a higher efficiency of asynchronous forms of online-discussions in comparison with synchronous ones. Their advantage is to 28,68 %, depending on the formed component of argumentation. Based on the results of the study recommendations were given to teachers to improve the effectiveness of social interaction of students during OD, including the feasibility of replacing debates with synchronous discussion methods, more focused on the joint search for solutions.

From laboratories to Museum: the trajectory of the mineralogy collection of the Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto

The paper presented is the result of the author's doctoral research, which included an excerpt on the formation of the mineralogy collection of the former Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto, currently the Escola de Minas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. This analysis aims to map the trajectory of the collection from its entry to the museumization of the samples. As a methodological path, the exploratory research collected information in online repositories and in the archives of the Escola de Minas da UFOP and the Museu de Ciência e Técnica da Escola de Minas da UFOP. This study sought to answer how the set of minerals present in the Mineralogy Office contributed to the training of mining engineers in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The results show a movement of collections from other national and foreign institutions and their didactic use even after their museumization in 1930 1. Introdução .

From laboratories to Museum: the trajectory of the mineralogy collection of the Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto

The paper presented is the result of the author's doctoral research, which included an excerpt on the formation of the mineralogy collection of the former Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto, currently the Escola de Minas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. This analysis aims to map the trajectory of the collection from its entry to the museumization of the samples. As a methodological path, the exploratory research collected information in online repositories and in the archives of the Escola de Minas da UFOP and the Museu de Ciência e Técnica da Escola de Minas da UFOP. This study sought to answer how the set of minerals present in the Mineralogy Office contributed to the training of mining engineers in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The results show a movement of collections from other national and foreign institutions and their didactic use even after their museumization in 1930.

Research on the Practice of the Long-Term Digital Evaluation for Chemistry Students and Field Engineer Training Path based on Intelligent Teaching

Research on the Practice of the Long-Term Digital Evaluation for Chemistry Students and Field Engineer Training Path based on Intelligent Teaching

Curriculum Construction and Reform for Mechanics of Materials Based on the Training of Outstanding Engineers

Curriculum Construction and Reform for Mechanics of Materials Based on the Training of Outstanding Engineers

Circuit Modeling and Training of Engineering Personnel in the Era of Digitalization

Examples of laboratory work on circuit modeling of the operation of the simplest analog devices – amplifiers – are offered. The research was carried out using the LTspice circuit modeling program, which is used for training engineering students.

Product managers in software startups: A grounded theory

Context:Defining and designing a software product is not merely a technical endeavor, but also a socio-technical journey. As such, its success is associated with human-related aspects, such as the value users perceive. To handle this issue, the product manager role has become more evident in software-intensive companies. A unique, challenging context for these professionals is constituted by software startups, emerging companies developing novel solutions looking for sustainable and scalable business models. Objective:This study aims to describe the role of product managers in the context of software startups. Method:We performed a Socio-Technical Grounded Theory study using data from blog posts and interviews. Results:The results describe the product manager as a multidisciplinary, general role, not only guiding the product by developing its vision but also as a connector that emerges in a growing company, enabling communication of software development with other areas, mainly business and user experience. The professional performing this role has a background in one of these areas but a broad knowledge and understanding of key concepts of the other areas is needed. We also describe how differences of this role to other lead roles are perceived in practice. Conclusions:Our findings represent several implications for research, such as better understanding of the role transformation in growing software startups, practice, e.g., identifying the points to which a professional migrating to this role should pay attention, and the education of future software developers, by suggesting the inclusion of related topics in the education and training of future software engineers.