Tragic Accident Research Articles

Casta, Costumbrismo, Kahlo

Much has been written about how Frida Kahlo’s artistic production revealed the intense emotional and physical pain that she endured throughout her life. Subjects such as the tragic bus accident that she survived as a teenager, or her troubled relationship with famed Mexican muralist Diego Rivera, have informed numerous biographical readings of her work. And though her indebtedness to the colonial traditions of ex-voto and retablo paintings has been noted, little has been said of her relationship to other aspects of Mexican visual culture. This article contextualizes Kahlo’s oeuvre within the genres of eighteenth-century casta painting and nineteenth-century costumbrismo, genres that were preoccupied with depicting socio-racial and socio-familial relationships and with representing Mexico’s miscegenation, or racial mixing.

Uncertainty Handling in the Safety Risk Analysis: An Integrated Approach Based on Fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis

Chemical process plants, especially the oil and gas plants operating under severe processing conditions and dealing with hazardous materials, are susceptible to catastrophic accidents. Thus safety risk assessment is vital in designing effective strategies for preventing and mitigating potential accidents. Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a well-known technique to analyze the risks related to a specific system. In the conventional FTA, the ambiguities and uncertainties of basic events (BEs) cannot be handled effectively. Therefore, employing fuzzy set theory helps probabilistic estimation of BEs and subsequently the top event (TE). This study presents an integrated approach to fuzzy set theory and FTA for handling uncertainty in the risk analysis of chemical process plants. In this context, the worst case scenario based on a qualitative risk analysis is selected first and then the fuzzy FTA is established. Finally, different fuzzy aggregation and defuzzification approaches are employed to obtain the probability of each BE and TE, the output of each approach is compared to the occurrence probability of TE, and the critical BEs are ranked. The proposed methodology is applied to the fuzzy probabilistic analysis of hydrocarbon release in the BP tragic accident of March 2005. The results indicate that the proposed approach is very effective in risk analysis considering uncertainty reduction or handling.

Safety aspects of whole-body cryochamber and cryosauna operation

Interest in low temperature treatment is constantly increasing. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) devices are becoming available not only in medical centers but also in local gyms and spa centers. A new group of users are professional sport clubs where 3-minutes session of whole-body cryotherapy is post-training procedure to improve and speed up the recovery process. There are four different types of WBC devices available on the market and offered to commercial (non-medical) users. The American and European market is dominated by two of them: classic cryochambers and cryosaunas. Both constructions are supplied with liquid nitrogen. Low temperature inside classic cryochamber is produced by evaporating of liquid nitrogen in two or more heat exchangers. There is never a direct contact between user and cryogenic medium in any of system operation mode (closed supply system). Cryosauna is cooled down by filling with cold vapor of liquid nitrogen. Supply system is considered open because it allows for direct contact between user and cryogenic medium. Open supply system of cryosauna is primary and most questionable issue of its operational safety, particularly after tragic accident in October 2015. This paper presents the comparative analysis of classic cryochamber and cryosauna from safety point of view. Both devices have been analyzes and tested on existing systems in operation. Paper gives detailed analysis of constructions, supply systems and working parameters. Special attention has been focused to problem of oxygen deficiency hazard. Different failure or accident scenarios have been analyzed and discussed.

Multi-Agent Responsibility for a Tragic Accident in Water

Abstract In relation to EU countries, the level of safety on Polish waters is still low. The drowning rate in our country is two times higher. Since 2013, there has even been an increase in the number of drownings. Typically, following each incident, attention is focused on the quality of work of the rescue services, however, there are multiple factors to be considered when seeking where responsibility for this state of affairs actually lies. In contemplations, the main subjects of analysis were external threats (atmospheric conditions, legal conditions, trends in water recreation) and threats generated by various groups of waterrelated subjects (administrators, service providers, rescuers, cleaning and medical services, participants enjoying recreation on or in the water). The purpose of this article is to present the issues of water safety from the perspective of the responsibility of various subjects, which are active in this environment. The attractiveness of recreation in or on water results largely from the emotions caused by increased risk. Often the greater the danger, the greater the attraction. At the same time, it is accompanied by an increased sense of security, excessive self-confidence and excessive trust, which weakens the natural defense mechanism. Hence, so many accidents in the water are caused by the victims themselves. In the article we are looking for an answer to the question about the reasons for such a phenomenon.

An excellent desk reference on international brand protection online

Theo Savvides, co-editor of this book and Joint Managing Partner at Bristows LLP, died after a tragic accident on 10 July 2017. There are many achievements for which he will be remembered – this book is one of them. The internet has significantly changed the playing field when it comes to brand protection around the world. Every day a new infringer can appear and disappear without a trace, making it extremely difficult for brand owners to prevent consumer confusion and ensure that the reputation of their trade marks remains unscathed. While there are many books on the market focusing on the subject of brand protection, not many offer a comprehensive overview which could be useful to both brand owners and practitioners. This recent book, co-edited by Jeremy Blum and the late Theo Savvides, is an excellent tool for understanding the multiplicity and interplay of issues affecting brand protection online, offering an international perspective. The book, as explained in the introduction, is the outcome of a collaboration of many talented and experienced practitioners around the world offering their perspective on the subject.

Numerical simulation of Sewol ferry capsize

In this study, numerical simulations are conducted in order to analyze the capsizing of roll-on/roll-off passenger ship, Sewol, which occurred on 16 April 2014. Since little is known about the reason of ship capsize, numerical simulation aims to the finding of possible scenarios which can cause this tragic accident. To this end, 4-degree-of-freedom (surge, sway, yaw, and roll motions) maneuvering equations are solved. The hydrodynamic coefficients obtained from a similar ship are applied and the WISH-Maneuver program of Seoul National University is used to perform the numerical simulation. The present analysis utilizes the probabilistic approach, which considers various physical variables and involves the simulation of a large number of cases using different combinations of the variables. The total number of simulation cases is over 70 millions, and the simulation results that are close to the conditions of the actual accident situation are selected. Through this process, the effects of the simulation variables are investigated and the potential causes of the accident are identified. The results show the hydrostatic instability of the ship in the operational condition owing to cargo overload and insufficient ballast water, which raised the vertical center of gravity. The reduced stability combined with large starboard steering angle and cargo movement during large heel may have been the decisive reason of capsizing.

Fate and scientific path of the archaeologist Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeyev (14.06.1947-08.08.2004)

Born in the Murmansk Oblast, Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeyev lived a short but bright and creative life full of scientific research and achievements. As far as studying at the department of Archaeology of Leningrad State University, he chose the Holocene Stone Age as the topic for his research, to which he remained faithful up to the end of life. Working his way up from a laboratory assistant to the head of the Paleolithic Department of Leningrad Institute of Archaeology within the Academy of Science USSR-Institute for the Material Culture History of Russian Academy of Sciences, he proved himself as a purposeful, highly educated specialist who had extensive knowledge in field research, scientific methods and archaeological theory. Excellent memory, analytical abilities and diligence of Vladimir Ivanovich were noted by all colleagues and friends, both Russian and foreign ones, during expeditions and at conferences. The deserved recognition of Vladimir Ivanovich as the greatest expert of the Neolithic Age is unquestionable and it was about to be developed in doctoral thesis. Full sections of this work were discussed many times at the meetings of the Paleolithic Department and the Academic Council of Institute for the Material Culture and always received the highest appreciation. Unfortunately, a tragic accident cut short the life path of a first-class archaeologist and Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeevs extensive final research devoted to a wide range of Neolithic problems was never completed. Almost 13 years have elapsed since the untimely passing of this talented scientist but the bitterness of loss does not become weaker.

El accidente como acontecimiento deleuzeanoen la obra de Enrique Metidines y Chantal Maillard

Este artículo trata de abordar la relación compleja y contradictoria que tenemos en nuestras sociedades del bienestar con respecto a los accidentes. Éstos, a pesar de ser tabuizados, son excesivamente representados a través de los medios de comunicación. La obra de Enrique Metidines, cuyo fin es concienciarnos a cerca de los accidentes que acaecen en nuestra cotidianeidad, guarda relación con el poemario «Matar a Platón» de Chantal Maillard, que trata de nuestra dificultad de contemplar un trágico accidente como un acontecimiento deleuzeano debido al idealismo imperante. En dicho artículo se apuesta por una metodología flexible y una transversalidad del conocimiento, imperando el pensamiento rizomático propuesto por Gilles Deleuze.

Early Detection of Baby-Rain-Cell Aloft in a Severe Storm and Risk Projection for Urban Flash Flood

In July 2008, five people were killed by a tragic flash flood caused by a local torrential heavy rainfall in a short time in Toga River. From this tragic accident, we realized that a system which can detect hazardous rain-cells in the earlier stage is strongly needed and would provide an additional 5 to 10 min for evacuation. By analyzing this event, we verified that a first radar echo aloft, by volume scan observation, is a practical and important sign for early warning of flash flood, and we named a first echo as a “baby-rain-cell” of Guerrilla-heavy rainfall. Also, we found a vertical vorticity criterion for identifying hazardous rain-cells and developed a heavy rainfall prediction system that has the important feature of not missing any hazardous rain-cell. Being able to detect heavy rainfall by 23.6 min on average before it reaches the ground, this system is implemented in XRAIN in the Kinki area. Additionally, to resolve the relationship between baby-rain-cell growth and vorticity behavior, we carried out an analysis of vorticity inside baby-rain-cells and verified that a pair of positive and negative vertical vortex tubes as well as an updraft between them existed in a rain-cell in the early stage.

Dedication: Dr Amnon Rosenfeld (1944–2014)

We dedicate this set of papers on Cyprideis to our colleague and friend Dr Amnon Rosenfeld, who was killed in a tragic traffic accident on 10 July 2014 and is no longer with us.

Do family-managed and non-family-managed firms internationalize differently?

PurposeAlthough the concepts of family business, internationalization, and agency theory have received some attention in the relevant literature, these concepts and theories have been used independently. The purpose of this paper is to help close the gap between what is known and what needs to be known about the decision-making processes of internationalization of family managers (FM) and non-family managers (NFMs).Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes the story of Busscar, a Brazilian firm that began internationalization under an FM and ended it under an NFM. The management transition took place suddenly, as the family CEO died in a tragic accident, and the company appointed an NFM to replace him virtually overnight. These circumstances, as well as the fact that Busscar accelerated its internationalization process after the transition only to go bankrupt a few years later makes this case critical.FindingsThe paper concludes that under NFMs, the speed and scope of the firm internationalization processes were accelerated and the financial risks were augmented, which is in line with the agency theory hypothesis and contradicts suggestions that NFMs tend to be more structured.Research limitations/implicationsMany researchers argue that it is important to professionalize the management of family firms. It is expected that an NFM leads to a more structured strategy. The study shows otherwise; changing the manager leads to opportunistic internationalization using emerging strategies rather than deliberate ones.Originality/valueThis study suggests that firms, networks, entrepreneurship, and ownership are not the only important variables. Manager origin (inside or outside the family) can change everything.

Applying the AcciMap methodology to investigate the tragic Sewol Ferry accident in South Korea

This study applies the AcciMap methodology, which was originally proposed by Professor Jens Rasmussen (1997), to the analysis of the tragic Sewol Ferry accident in South Korea on April 16, 2014, which killed 304 mostly young people and is considered as a national disaster in that country. This graphical representation, by incorporating associated socio-technical factors into an integrated framework, provides a big-picture to illustrate the context in which an accident occurred as well as the interactions between different levels of the studied system that resulted in that event. In general, analysis of past accidents within the stated framework can define the patterns of hazards within an industrial sector. Such analysis can lead to the definition of preconditions for safe operations, which is a main focus of proactive risk management systems.In the case of the Sewol Ferry accident, a lot of the blame has been placed on the Sewol's captain and its crewmembers. However, according to this study, which relied on analyzing all available sources published in English and Korean, the disaster is the result of a series of lapses and disregards for safety across different levels of government and regulatory bodies, Chonghaejin Company, and the Sewol's crewmembers. The primary layers of the AcciMap framework, which include the political environment and non-proactive governmental body; inadequate regulations and their lax oversight and enforcement; poor safety culture; inconsideration of human factors issues; and lack of and/or outdated standard operating and emergency procedures were not only limited to the maritime industry in South Korea, and the Sewol Ferry accident, but they could also subject any safety-sensitive industry anywhere in the world.

Service Company Explores Pathways To Make Driving Inherently Safer

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 177558, “Pathways To Make Driving Inherently Safer Within the Service Company’s Operations,” by Sergey Peresypkin and Alessandro Guariento, SPE, Baker Hughes, prepared for the 2015 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed. In risk management, an inherently safer approach implies an attempt to eliminate, or at least reduce the severity and likelihood of, incident occurrence through careful attention to fundamental design and layout. This paper examines whether this approach can be applied and be effective in managing transportation safety concerning which, historically, most of the responsibility for safe driving has been placed on the individual driver and less on the design of the transportation system and features of the equipment. Introduction As is often the case for change management, this undertaking was motivated by a tragic motor-vehicle accident in Saudi Arabia, which resulted in three fatalities, two employees and a third-party driver. Transportation-management systems were implemented and in place, including a contractor-selection process, journey-management program, defensive-driving training, and in- vehicle monitoring systems, but, as sometimes happens, compliance with planning and executional requirements was inadequate. The accident-investigation findings uncovered a number of gaps that existed in the transportation-management system and that eventually led to the catastrophic event. These revelations, coupled with the vision that “all motor-vehicle accidents are preventable,” presented an opportunity to revisit the way transportation safety was managed. The entire life cycle of the journey was reviewed and reorganized, from the planning stage of the journey to journey’s completion. Such an approach posed a challenge to the company definition of “preventability” for motor-vehicle accidents, which states that a preventable accident is a vehicle accident in which the driver could have driven (but failed to do so) in such a manner as to identify an accident-producing situation soon enough to take reasonable and prudent action to avoid such an accident. This definition places the primary responsibility for preventing a vehicle accident on the driver and his ability to anticipate road hazards, assess the risks, and take actions to avoid the accident through the ability to challenge the process, including questioning the need or timing of the journey itself.

Colleen H. Swartz, DNP, MSN, MBA, RN, NEA-BC

For Dr. Colleen Swartz, chief nurse executive of UK HealthCare (UKHC), success is achieved by providing patient- and family-centered care through the combined and coordinated efforts of the entire team. Dr. Swartz is certainly a strong proponent of the essential value of nursing, but her experience and expertise have taught her that "it's all about the team in today's complex and sometimes chaotic health care environment. And nursing leadership plays a pivotal role in making teamwork a reality. My role and, in turn, what I hope is my legacy, is to enable the entire team to find a path to patient and family as the center of our collective knowledge and interventions. At times, that is very difficult, and not always evident in light of the swirling complexity and multiple, sometimes conflicting, messages that bombard the caregiver at the bedside."

Use of Gene Expression Biomarkers to Predict Suicidality.

Since the tragic accident of Germanwings flight 4U9525, there has been discussion about methods to identify and prevent suicidality in pilots. Neurogenetic scientists claim that biomarker tests for suicidality as part of healthcare assessments may lead to early identification of suicidal behavior. In this commentary the value of these gene expression biomarkers for aeromedical purposes is evaluated based on relevant literature. It is concluded that the currently identified biomarkers for suicidality need thorough validation before they can be used. The aeromedical examiner's most important tool is still an anamnesis, in which warning signs of suicidal behavior can be picked up. Simons R. Use of gene expression biomarkers to predict suicidality. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(7):659-660.

Application of Heterogeneous Robotic System for Underwater Oil Spill Scenario

The tragic Deepwater Horizon accident in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 as well as the increase in deepwater offshore activity have increased public interest in counter-measures available for subsurface releases of hydrocarbons. To arrive at proper contingency planning, response managers urge for a system for instant detection and characterization of accidental releases. Along these lines, this paper describes the application of a heterogeneous robotic system of unmanned vehicles: autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), unmanned surface vehicle (USV) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) extended with the oil spill numerical modeling, visualisation and decision support capabilities. A first set of field experiments simulating oil spill scenarios with Rhodamine WT was held in Croatia during the early autumn 2014. and the second set of experiments were held in Spain during the summer 2015. The objectives of this experiment were to test: effectiveness of the system for underwater detection of hydrocarbons, heterogeneous multi-vehicle collaborative navigation and communication as well as decision support system, visualisation of the system components and detected spill.

Osip Petrov, Anna Petrova-Vorobyova and the Development of Low-Voiced Character Types in Nineteenth-Century Russian Opera

AbstractThis article delves into the lives and careers of two significant Russian singers: the bass Osip Petrov and his wife, the mezzo-soprano Anna Vorobyova, who created or inspired leading roles in operas by Glinka, Dargomïzhsky and Musorgsky. Over the course of a career that spanned some four decades, Petrov would become the most celebrated Russian bass of the nineteenth century; Vorobyova, whose career was cut short by a tragic accident, would turn her attention to the private sphere and incubate a younger generation of musicians. Drawing on reviews, memoirs and personal correspondence, I chart the influence of this couple not only on individual composers and operas, but also on the development of stock characters such as the father, the buffoon, the antihero and the trouser role.

Karen Strohm Kitchener (1943-2016).

Presents an obituary for Karen Strohm Kitchener, who passed away on April 4, 2016, in a tragic accident near Oahu, Hawaii. One of Karen's major contributions was the development of the Reflective Judgment Model with her colleague, Patricia M. King. This model describes the development of people's ability to make intellectually defensible choices about complex problems that defy right or wrong answers and instead are resolved using multidimensional approaches and reasoned interpretations. (PsycINFO Database Record

Reconstruction of Facial Defect Using Deltopectoral Flap

Reconstruction of the head and neck is a challenge for otolarygology surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons as well as plastic surgeons. Defects caused by the resection and/or trauma should be closed with flaps which match in color, texture and hair bearing characteristics with the face. Deltopectoral flap is a one such flap from chest and neck skin mainly used to cover the facial defects. This study report a patient presenting with tragic Road Traffic Accident (RTA) admitted to maxillofacial surgery department at Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Anbar province, Iraq. An incision, medially based, was done and deltopectoral fascio-cutaneous flap was used for surgical exposure and closure of defects after RTA. There was no major complication. Good aesthetic and functional results were achieved. Deltopectoral flap is an excellent alternative for the reconstruction of head and neck. Harvesting and application of the flap is rapid and safe. Only a single incision is sufficient for dissection and flap elevation.

INDIGENISATION AND SOCIO-POLITICAL IDENTITY IN THE KANEKA MUSIC OF NEW CALEDONIA

Dedicated to the memory of Alexis Poindipenda, lead singer of Jemaa, who died in a tragic accident in 1994. David Goldsworthy's study of the development of contemporary kaneka music in New Caledonia emphasises the manner in which, in specific local contexts, contemporary music can be created and propagated as an means of expressing contemporary cultural ·- and political-difference despite the stylistic profusion and (supposed) inclusiveness of world music/world beat as late 20th Century categories and frames of reference