Traffic Rules Research Articles

Knowledge and perception regarding the prevention of traffic noise pollution among students of North Karnataka

Background: Noise pollution is an insidious and underestimated environmental threat, that poses diverse health risks such as sleep disturbances, cardiovascular ailments, impaired work and academic performance, hearing impairments, and mental health issues. Understanding student’s awareness, perspectives, and attitudes toward traffic noise pollution and its health impacts is crucial. Objective was to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of students towards traffic noise pollution. Methods: The present study was conducted in Vijayapura during August and September 2023, this cross-sectional study involved 304 students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the existing knowledge and perceptions regarding traffic noise pollution prevention among students of north Karnataka. Results: Among 304 studied participants, 56.3% were females and 43.8% males. Knowledge analysis that revealed 63.5% with good understanding, while 23% had good perception towards traffic noise pollution. Chi-square analysis showed that knowledge correlated significantly with age (p=0.010), favoring those over 20 years. Gender did not show a significant impact on knowledge (p=0.453). Perception showed age-related significance (p=0.037) but gender showed no significant influence on perception (p=0.721). Conclusions: The study highlighted positive knowledge levels about traffic noise pollution due to its often-overlooked nature. However, only a small portion exhibited favorable perceptions. This highlights the necessity for focused interventions, especially among the younger generation, to address traffic noise pollution effectively. Consistent education and reinforcement of traffic rules could induce positive change in the health and safety of society.

Drivers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Traffic Rules and Regulations

Research frequently reports that the majority of crashes (up to 80%), are the fault of drivers. Further, the WHO reports that most fatal crashes occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In LMIC, including Pakistan, most drivers have low levels of knowledge about traffic rules and regulations, have negative attitudes towards rules and regulations and often violate road safety rules. This study used a structured survey of drivers in Karachi, Pakistan (n=260). Most respondents were aware that helmet use for motorbike riders is compulsory (74.6%), agreed it was important to follow road signs (74.2%) and wear a seat belt (64.6%). However, over half did not know the speed limit in residential areas (54.6%) and almost half considered drug use when driving was not dangerous or were against the penalty or fine for violation of traffic laws (45.4%). In addition, 45.8% of all drivers thought driving licenses were unnecessary. This study suggests there may be low levels of driver knowledge of certain road rules (e.g. speed limit), negative attitudes about certain safe driving practices (drug driving), and low levels of value placed on driving license in Karachi, Pakistan. Analysis suggest that knowledge and attitude affect driver practices in Karachi, Pakistan. Strengthening enforcement and related public communication measures about traffic rules and greater penalties that are sufficiently deterring for the violators of the traffic rules is needed. There must also be a formal mechanism to issue the driving licence after a proper test of the knowledge of road rules and driving following those rules.

Subjective assessment of traffic rules compliance in Bulgaria: Role of personality and driving style

It is generally accepted that driving is safer when the rules are obeyed. Therefore, the pursuit of greater compliance with traffic rules is often seen as an intermediate goal in ensuring road safety. The article presents two studies that aim to investigate the subjective assessment of traffic rules compliance and the role of personality and behavioural factors such as anxiety, sensation seeking, driving anger, aggressive driving, and risky driving (Study 1; N=1433) on the one hand, and driving style (Study 2; N=456) on the other hand. The studies also examine the differences in traffic rules compliance by age, sex, driving experience, and negative driving outcomes such as registered violations, driving licence suspensions, and involvement traffic accidents. Self-report methods are used to assess personality factors, driving style, traffic rules compliance, and negative driving outcomes. The results show a generally positive assessment of compliance with traffic rules among the participants, with the majority reporting compliance in their daily driving behaviour. Study 1 indicates that all personality factors investigated are significant predictors of traffic rules compliance. Study 2 demonstrates that the risky style, the irrational style, the distress-reduction style, and the patient and careful style are significant predictors of traffic rule compliance. Demographic differences are also observed, with women being significantly more likely than men to perceive themselves as compliant drivers. In terms of negative driving outcomes, both studies demonstrate that individuals with a record of driving violations in the last three years, a suspended driving licence, and involvement in a traffic accident are significantly less likely to rate themselves as compliant. The results can contribute to the development of prevention programmes and road safety strategies to promote safer driving behaviour.

Parents Financial Distress and Time Allocation with Youths Responsible for Increasing Trends of Risky Behaviours among Youths in Mumbai Metropolitan Region

Youths are powerful economic agent for any nation. An educated, healthy, hardworking youths are human asset for nation, society, and family in long term. Youths must have trained with quality education. It is job of government, families, and society to ensure that they will acquire maximum skills, knowledge, healthy behaviour, nutritional status. But male youths are driving four wheelers and female drive two wheelers without proper license and trend is increasing since 2013 to 2023. The smoking, alcohol consumption has increased among males. Youths are more depressed in region. They fight physically more and do not eat healthy diet. The incidence of risky behaviours became double in a decade. Few youths involved in multiple sex with opposite sex relationship with lack of understanding and use of contraceptives. Logistic regression model 2013 survey shows that multiple risky behaviours are co-related to youths walk to college, spend more time in college, travel by train and car. But 2023 survey, shows that multiple risky behaviours are co-related to age of youths, loans taken by parents. The role of parents is important in controlling risky behaviours such as risky driving, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, depression, and opposite sex relationship. Parents must teach youths nutritious food habits, traffic rules, no smoking and alcohol, physical fight. Long term policies for youths and parents required to reduce risky behaviours on urgent basis in Mumbai Metropolitan Region.

Why Do Drivers Decide to Violate Traffic Rules while Driving Through Road Tunnels? An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Why Do Drivers Decide to Violate Traffic Rules while Driving Through Road Tunnels? An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Model Predictive Trajectory Optimization and Control for Autonomous Surface Vessels Considering Traffic Rules

Model Predictive Trajectory Optimization and Control for Autonomous Surface Vessels Considering Traffic Rules

The struggle to overcome traffic congestion: A study of social interaction and effects on deviant behavior of motorcycle riders

Background: Motorcycle riding as a means of daily transportation in Southeast Asia, especially Jakarta, Indonesia, manifests the struggle to use the road. This struggle - associated with congestion, irregularity, and lack of control - can lead to physical harm or material loss. Studies on deviant behavior related to motorcycle use mainly discuss motorcycle gangs and traffic violations. This paper intends to explicate how the context of this struggle informs the different meanings of the deviant behavior of motorcyclists in daily traffic life. It employs concepts of innovation and ritualism, learning, harm, visuality, and secret deviance to shatter the prevailing understanding of motorcyclist traffic behavior. Methods: This study chooses T.B. Simatupang Street, one of the busiest roads in Jakarta, as a research location. A mixed method is used to examine the context of the struggle, first qualitatively by utilizing visual data collected through (a) direct video recordings on the road and (b) aerial drone video recordings. Both recordings captured images of motorcyclist behavior considered deviant and can cause harm, such as stopping illegally, clamoring while cutting lanes and other vehicles, and slipping between two automobiles. Then quantitatively, it conducts a survey to collect data on motorcyclists' experiences. Included in the survey were questions with images captured from the direct video recording footage to collect responses toward motorcyclist riding behavior. Findings: The survey findings show that responses toward images of motorcyclist behavior - concerning harm - show a lack of understanding of driving safety and traffic rules, and some consider it as just the daily routine of motorcyclists. Conclusion: Therefore, the visuality of motorcyclist traffic violation is learned through innovation (driving recklessly) or ritualism (daily habit) as a struggle that is ironically visibly secretly upheld by fellow motorcyclists. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study offers a novel perspective by framing motorcyclists' behavior in Jakarta's traffic as a form of adaptive struggle rather than mere deviance or rule-breaking. It uniquely utilizes visual criminology to argue that what is often seen as traffic violations may be better understood as contextual adaptations to urban congestion, thereby challenging prevailing interpretations of motorcyclist behavior.

Rule-orientation and adherence to traffic laws among French drivers: An exploratory study

In 2022, 30 million traffic offences were recorded by the enforcement authorities on French roads, resulting in more than 16 million penalty points being deducted from driving licences. Why do French drivers not always comply with the rules of the road? Previous studies have shown that Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioural Control are strong predictors of the intention to obey traffic laws (Theory of Planned Behaviour, TPB, Ajzen, 1991). In this paper, we investigate drivers’ relationship with traffic rules in more depth. We identified several other factors as potential extensions of the TPB in explaining compliance with traffic rules. To test the impact of these dimensions on compliance and to understand the motivations behind French drivers’ lack of compliance, we conducted an online questionnaire survey among a representative sample of 1021 French drivers (mean age: 44.3, 49.9 % women). In addition to the TPB measures, we used a combination of existing scales (Conformity and Sensation Seeking) and exploratory items specifically designed to measure additional components. We named these four distinct components Conditionality, Discourtesy, Authority Rejection, and Egonomy, respectively. Aside from the TPB components, Conditionality and Conformity predicted intentions to always obey traffic rules; testing the same model on reported drink-driving, we found an effect of Discourtesy and Sensation Seeking, but not of the TPB components measured at a general level (“towards traffic rules”); whereas Authority Rejection, Egonomy and Attitudes towards traffic rules were linked to attitudes towards police checkpoints. These findings open up new perspectives for the study of rule orientation in the field of road safety, raise questions about the relevance of conducting general prevention campaigns targeting specific behaviours, and reveal the difficulty perceived by the participants in ’always’ respecting the rules of the road.

Pemberdayaan Guru Sekolah Mengenai Keselamatan Berlalu Lintas

The behavior of drivers in the Tegal City school community often violates traffic rules because they do not understand and are not aware of traffic safety. Increased knowledge, understanding, awareness and skills of teachers regarding traffic safety need to be increased and empowered more massively. Empowering school teachers regarding traffic safety includes 4 stages (preparation, initial test, community empowerment, and final test) with traffic safety community results. 240 PAUD/TK/RA, SD/MI, SMP/MTs, and SMA/SMK/MA teachers as participants for 2 days with 7 topics. The majority of participants consisted of bachelor's degrees (89.6%), women (55.8%), ages 36-46 (35%), and PAUD teachers (25.8%). The initial test for 7 topics is still between 20%. Activities on the first day are stages 1-4 and on the second day stages 5-7. The final test of 7 topics is above 75%. 7 topics had an increase of more than 55%. Increasing school teachers' knowledge has an impact on imparting knowledge to students about traffic safety which can be a step to reduce the occurrence of accidents on the road.

IMPLEMENTASI UNITY DALAM PEMBUATAN APLIKASI AUGMENTED REALITY PENGENALAN RAMBU LALU LINTAS DAN MARKA JALAN BERBASIS ANDROID

Augmented Reality technology is a technology that unites the real world and the virtual world using hardware, namely a camera. This technology does not completely replace reality but adds several virtual objects in 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional form to the real 3-dimensional environment and then displays them in real time or actual time. The Markerless Augmented Reality (MAR) method is one method that is currently being developed. This method means that users no longer have to use markers to display digital elements.Through this media, this research aims to minimize violations of traffic signs and increase understanding of traffic signs. For the public, one of the efforts made is through the introduction or socialization of traffic signs and rules in the form of educational applications. So an application was created that introduced types of traffic signs and road markings. Augmented reality technology, which combines virtual objects into the real world, is considered more interesting as a learning medium. Plus, with 3D animation, the information presented feels more alive so it can provide a clear understanding, for example the location of signs. -the sign is in 3D Object.

Socio-Economic Impacts Resulting From The Integration Of Artificial Intelligence Into Electronic Surveillance Systems In Traffic

In the last decade, electronic surveillance systems have been actively employed for monitoring traffic rule violations with the aim of enhancing traffic regulation. The utilization of these systems has resulted in increased compliance with traffic regulations, consequently leading to a reduction in losses attributed to traffic accidents. The impact created by these systems is expected to be further amplified through the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) support. Within the scope of this study, a detailed analysis of the socio-economic impact of AI-assisted Electronic Traffic Monitoring Systems has been conducted, focusing on economic, mobility, health, environmental, and quality of life aspects.

Peran Dinas Perhubungan dalam Peningkatan Kedisiplinan Berkendara di Kabupaten Bima

Bima Regency public awareness regarding driving discipline is still low, this is due to the high number of accidents caused by several factors including underage children driving, drivers not wearing helmets, reckless driving, and running red lights, of course this requires a role. important for the Transportation Service, especially the special division for traffic. This research aims to determine the role of the Transportation Department in improving driving discipline in Bima Regency and the factors that influence driving discipline in Bima Regency.The research is a qualitative descriptive study using primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this research was obtained from interviews conducted in the traffic sector and direct observation at the Bima Regency Transportation Service, while secondary data in this research were laws, articles, journals, previous research and so on, which became supporting data for the research after primary data.The results of the research show that in carrying out the duties of the transportation service in improving driving discipline in Bima district, efforts have been made and implementing policies to increase driving awareness, including carrying out patrols, raids, road security, outreach to the community and schools. The main factor that influences driving discipline in Bima Regency is knowledge of traffic rules and coupled with very hot weather conditions which make drivers less focused and aware of the road and traffic rules.

Clinical Profile of Ocular Trauma at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Ocular trauma is preventable and one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity and blindness. Approximately 6 million people are blind from eye injuries, 2.3 million with bilateral visual impairment and 19 million with unilateral visual loss worldwide. In developing countries like ours the incidence of eye injuries is very high. This study has been conducted in the view of public health importance to provide information on magnitude, clinical and epidemiological profile of ocular injuries. Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional observational study, conducted during September 2014 - March 2016 in tertiary care center in Jharkhand, all cases of ocular trauma were included in the study. Demographic profile (age, sex, locality, occupation), nature and cause of injury was recorded. Detailed ophthalmological examination including visual acuity, slit lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, B-scan, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy, computed tomography brain with orbit, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, X-Ray were done in relevant cases. Results: Total of 948 patients of ocular trauma were included. Most patients belong to the age group 21-40 years (60.87%), with mean age of 29.79 + 16.47 years. Males were affected more (73.52%) than females (26.47%). Closed globe injuries were more (75%) than open globe injuries (25%). Anterior segment was involved in (94.30%) and posterior segment in (8.86%). Work-related ocular injuries formed the commonest mode of injury (41.8%) followed by road traffic accident (30.37%). Conclusion: Ocular trauma is one of the most common causes of unilateral blindness. Targeting groups most at risk with health education, providing effective eye protection and strict implementation of traffic rules may decrease the occurrence of ocular injuries.

Foraging trail traffic rules: a new study method of trajectories of the harvester ants.

Harvester ants are one of the most extensively studied groups of ants, especially the group foraging ants, Messor barbarus (Linnaeus, 1767), which construct long-lasting trunk trails. Limited laboratory investigations have delved into head-on encounters along foraging trails involving workers moving in opposing directions, with fewer corresponding studies conducted in the natural environment. To address this gap, we devised an in-field experimental design to induce lane segregation on the foraging trunk trail of M. barbarus. Using an image-based tracking method, we analyzed the foraging behavior of this species to assess the costs associated with head-on encounters and to figure out the natural coexistence of outgoing and returning workers on a bidirectional route. Our results consistently reveal heightened straightness and speed in unidirectional test lanes, accompanied by an elevated foraging rate compared to bidirectional lanes. This suggests a potential impact of head-on collisions on foraging behavior, especially on foraging efficiency. Additionally, Kinematic analysis revealed distinct movement patterns between outbound and inbound flows, particularly low speed and sinuous trajectories of inbounding unladen workers. The study of encounter rates in two traffic systems hints at the plausible utilization of individual memory by workers within trails, underscoring the pivotal role of encounters in information exchange and load transfer.

On how breaking traffic rules affects vehicle flow

On how breaking traffic rules affects vehicle flow

Perbandingan Penegakan Aturan Lalu Lintas Antara Penerapan Tilang Manual Dan Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) Di Kota Padang

Enforcement of traffic rules is regulated in Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2012 concerning Procedures for Inspecting Motorized Vehicles on the Road and Enforcement of Traffic and Road Transportation Violations. The development of an electronic-based law enforcement system gave birth to Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement as an innovation to overcome obstacles in the application of manual fines. However, in its application, ETLE was also not free from various problems, so the urgency was born to conduct research to find out and compare the procedures for applying manual and ETLE tickets and how to apply future tickets in Indonesia, especially in the city of Padang as a research location. This study uses empirical juridical methods, the data used is primary data from interviews with Padang Police TMC operators and secondary data is in the form of document studies. The result of the research is that manual poles are directly imposed on violators by officers. Meanwhile, ETLE is a modern ticket system used by the police to monitor and prosecute traffic violations electronically with camera and sensor technology to identify vehicles that violate traffic rules, such as violating a red light or crossing the speed limit. Obstacles that occur in manual ticketing are low legal awareness from both law enforcers and the public. The obstacles that occur in ETLE are the limitations of static and mobile camera devices so that the application is not comprehensive. The application of fines in the future will still use a combination of manual and electronic ticketing due to the low level of public legal awareness and the uneven distribution of electronic ticketing devices in the city of Padang.

Activities of the militia in Ukraine to ensure road safety in the 1950s

In the 1950s, the daily functions of the militia continued to include combating violations of street traffic rules and controlling the decrease in motor vehicle accidents. The accident rate on the roads of the republic at that time remained high. An analysis of the current state of road safety shows that the level of accidents, injuries and deaths on the roads was influenced by such objective factors as the level of development of the regulatory framework, the technical condition of vehicles, the level of development of the road network, its quality, and weather and climatic conditions. Subjective factors included the level of legal culture of road users (drivers and pedestrians), the degree of their readiness to participate in traffic, the professional qualifications and material and technical equipment of the employees of the State Automobile Inspection. During this period, state bodies carried out significant, but ambiguous in quality, rule-making work, the purpose of which was to develop measures aimed at improving both objective and subjective conditions that affected the state of road safety and were of a mutually agreed nature. The established driver training mechanism was one of the important components of the effective operation of the road safety system. Therefore, the activities of state bodies, in particular the State Automobile Inspection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR, were aimed at forming not only stable skills in driving vehicles among the drivers, but also behavioral stereotypes that require compliance with legal norms in the field of road safety. At the same time, it was necessary to develop and legally establish criteria for assessing the quality of their training in the relevant institutions. Militia bodies carried out quite active work to improve the situation with road accidents, which included measures of administrative influence, involvement of the public in monitoring violations of traffic rules, various propaganda activities, but its effectiveness was ultimately insignificant.

Criminological Study of Traffic Violations on Numbing Island

Traffic violations are no longer commonplace among society. This often happens in the community, sometimes even causing economic and physical losses due to traffic accidents. Positive law in Indonesia has explicitly regulated traffic safety rules which are regulated in Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. To study this, researchers took the research location Numbing Island, which is one of the islands in the Riau Islands Province. And from a criminological perspective, researchers want to examine in more depth what is the basis for the perpetrator to commit this offense. The research method used is empirical juridical research. As support in building the arguments for this research, researchers used primary and secondary reference materials. Data collection techniques used by researchers include observation methods, interviews and literature review. The research data analysis technique was carried out using a qualitative method, then in developing a line of thinking, the researcher used a deductive method. The results of this research show that the level of traffic violations on Numbing Island is sociologically caused by a lack of public awareness on the grounds that the application of traffic laws in the island area is not necessary, in terms of law enforcement factors, supervision by Bhabinkamtibmas is still not strictly implemented so that there is a form of negligence on the part of the authorities. law enforcers to enforce traffic regulations.

Egyes közlekedési szabályszegésekre vonatkozó közigazgatási bírságolási kérdések

Aim: The law of misdemeanours, which emerged in the mid-1950s, embodied the legal policy will that administrative substantive offences should be dealt with by means of misdemeanour proceedings. The legal policy objective was not fulfilled, and the institution of administrative fines was 'spawned' by the impetus of the social laws in question as the law of administrative offences developed. Since the beginning of the 21st century, this has been spreading - according to the legislator's unknown intentions - and has typically developed in the direction of objective sanctions. Perhaps most strikingly in traffic regulation. The aim of this paper is to illustrate some of the specific features of administrative fines, limited to traffic rules. Among the administrative sanctions, the author examines those which are applied by the fining authorities for infringements of road traffic rules. The author tries to justify the need to modify the grounds for exemption in the substantive law as it stands, on the one hand, and the regulation of on-the-spot fines, on the other. Methodology: According to the author, the objective can be achieved if the will to codify embraces the objectives set out above. To this end, the methodology of the study is based on an analysis of the relevant legal norm, from which valid deductive assertions are made. Findings: The infringements transferred from the law of misdemeanours to the law on administrative fines require further codification. Value: The study could help to improve the legal framework for dealing with administrative substantive offences.

DriveLLaVA: Human-Level Behavior Decisions via Vision Language Model.

Human-level driving is the ultimate goal of autonomous driving. As the top-level decision-making aspect of autonomous driving, behavior decision establishes short-term driving behavior strategies by evaluating road structures, adhering to traffic rules, and analyzing the intentions of other traffic participants. Existing behavior decisions are primarily implemented based on rule-based methods, exhibiting insufficient generalization capabilities when faced with new and unseen driving scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel behavior decision method that leverages the inherent generalization and commonsense reasoning abilities of visual language models (VLMs) to learn and simulate the behavior decision process in human driving. We constructed a novel instruction-following dataset containing a large number of image-text instructions paired with corresponding driving behavior labels, to support the learning of the Drive Large Language and Vision Assistant (DriveLLaVA) and enhance the transparency and interpretability of the entire decision process. DriveLLaVA is fine-tuned on this dataset using the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) approach, which efficiently optimizes the model parameter count and significantly reduces training costs. We conducted extensive experiments on a large-scale instruction-following dataset, and compared with state-of-the-art methods, DriveLLaVA demonstrated excellent behavior decision performance. DriveLLaVA is capable of handling various complex driving scenarios, showing strong robustness and generalization abilities.