With the acceleration of urban development in China, the development of urban traffic system should be improved. Therefore, there are many problems such as traffic congestion, resource shortage and environmental pollution. Transportation is one of most basic needs for the survival and development of human society. Urban traffic planning is of great significance to the sustainable development of modern cities. It should be noted that urban traffic planning is only a part of urban planning, but there is a very close relationship between them. If in the process of urban traffic planning, the value of urban traffic planning can not be brought into full play if the coordination relationship between them is not clarified. In order to avoid the above problems, traffic management departments have established various traffic management information systems with the help of wireless network optimisation technology. The data structure and supported data types of each system are also different, which results in the operation of "island" management information system, therefore, this paper constructs a framework of urban traffic planning based on wireless network optimisation model and cognitive sustainable data retrieval. We optimise the communication model to construct the efficient system.