Traditional Values Research Articles

Eksplorasi Nilai-Nilai Tradisi Ramayana dalam Arsitektur Pura Desa Batuan Gianyar (Tinjauan Konsep Satyam Sivam Sundaram)

One example of the wealth possessed is depicted in the Ramayana story, which has long been ingrained in Balinese culture. The Ramayana story is often expressed in various forms, including Bali's distinctive carvings. This study aims to detail and analyze the extent to which the values of the Ramayana tradition are reflected in the sculptures and reliefs at Pura Desa Batuan, Gianyar, with a specific focus on the concept of Satyam Sivam Sundaram and other traditional values. The goal is to explore the values of the Ramayana tradition through the ornaments adorning Pura Desa Batuan. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The guiding theory for this research is the Transforming Tradition theory. Based on the application of this theory, the researcher chooses to use the ATUMICS (Artefact-Technique-Utility-Material-Icon-Concept-Shape) method to explain the ornaments on the research objects. Data collection techniques include participatory observation, direct observation, and involvement in the research site. The object of study is Pura Desa Batuan in Gianyar, Bali. The research findings indicate that both carvings and reliefs as ornaments have direct and indirect influences on architecture and are capable of illustrating the concept of Satyam Sivam Sundaram, which refers to truth, purity, and beauty. Moreover, the Ramayana Tradition reliefs provide an image and contribute to the essence and spirit of the Pura Desa Batuan building. Furthermore, the Ramayana Tradition reliefs also emit a vibration of sanctity for the Pura Desa Batuan building in Gianyar. The values of sincerity, purity, and beauty are reflected in every element of the building, creating a sacred atmosphere that provides a spiritual experience for Hindu worshippers and visitors alike. Through the emission of vibrations and the preservation of the Ramayana heritage, Pura Desa Batuan stands as living proof of the richness and perpetuity of tradition.

Knowing with

AbstractIn this paper, I argue that there are irreducibly social epistemic values alongside more traditional epistemic values such as knowledge and true belief. In particular, I argue that what I call “epistemic convergence” is one such value, and that it can help us explain the badness of social epistemic pathologies, such as testimonial injustice and epistemic bubbles.

The Role of Parent Schools in Strengthening Traditional Family Values in China

For modern Russia, the most important task is to strengthen the institution of the family and traditional values. The growing up of children in the last decade has taken place in the information field of propaganda in Western countries, which requires prompt measures to create a system of education, involving parents in this process is not a trivial task. The experience of China in recent decades in creating a network of parent schools is a valuable object of study. The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of parent schools in the PRC as a developing pedagogical system, to identify the principles for the formation of content and methods for organizing education and training of parents. Methodology and research methods. Based on a systematic, historical, cultural and comparative approach, an analysis of legislative acts, monographic, scientific and methodological sources reflecting the work of parental schools in the PRC was carried out. The results of the study show that parental schools in modern China are a developing pedagogical system that has gone through three stages in its development: from setting a strategic state order to science and educational authorities, through scientific, organizational and methodological support for the work of schools to the present state of a large-scale all-China network with the active involvement of parents in its development. It was revealed that parental schools as a system in the PRC are developing in several directions: scaling (increasing accessibility), standardization (improving quality) and involvement (increasing the active citizenship of parents). While coinciding with the global trend of educating parents in the form of consulting-seminar and training sessions, the Chinese specificity of the principles for selecting the content of education was found, based on the moral postulates of Confucianism, taking into account the socio-cultural specifics of the local parental community. In conclusion, the important role of parental schools is emphasized in terms of the strategic goals of the state to strengthen the institution of the family and prevent deformations of the youth worldview by consolidating the family and the school in the upbringing and education of minors, where the involvement of parents is a necessary condition. The authors identify the strengths of parental schools as an institutional form of the process of educating traditional family values in the PRC, among them reliance on a clear moral core in determining the content of parental education based on the philosophy of Confucianism, scientific and methodological support from scientists, regulatory and organizational support from the state in the form of standardization of functioning.

Patriotism in the Political Discourse of the Union State of Belarus and Russia

The article delves into the nuanced challenge of crafting a cohesive unionwide patriotic agenda amidst escalating global tensions fueled, in part, by value conflicts. It scrutinizes the emergence of a patriotic discourse intricately woven into the institutional fabric of the Union State, the Russian Federation, and the Republic of Belarus, primarily steered by top political leadership at the domestic level. The overarching aim is to delineate the enduring themes and prevailing narratives within the political elites' patriotic discourse within the Union State, while exploring its potential conceptualization as a coordinating discourse to further integration objectives and as a countermeasure of "anti-soft power" against external value threats emanating from the collective West. Methodologically, the study draws upon discursive neo-institutionalism, employing qualitative content analysis of speeches delivered by the respective presidents of the two countries as its primary analytical approach.In the conclusions, the paper underscores the remarkable alignment between Russian and Belarusian stances on patriotic issues, particularly concerning their ideological underpinnings. Both underscore the imperative of safeguarding and preserving historical memory and traditional values as the cornerstone of their discourse. However, the analysis also sheds light on the conceptual complexities inherent in articulating sovereignty values by both participating countries. The practical implications underscore the necessity of further solidifying a shared socio-cultural space, harmonizing historical policies within both nations and within the Union State framework, and stimulating a "demand for integration" through the practical implementation of the principal directives outlined in the 2021 package of integration decisions.

ЕДИНЫЙ ПРАВОВОЙ СТАТУС МНОГОДЕТНОЙ СЕМЬИ В РОССИИ И ЕГО ЗНАЧЕНИЕ

This article discusses changes in the field of legal regulation of the status of large families in the Russian Federation, introduced in January 2024. A wide range of envisaged support measures at the state and regional levels was noted. The significance of the innovation for Russian society in terms of preserving and strengthening its traditional spiritual and moral values at the present stage is indicated

Resisting the future: Preparedness, degradation, and “inquietude” among survivalists in contemporary France

In France today, an increasing number of people consider themselves to be “survivalists.” Presuming an inevitable crisis, they are organizing themselves to acquire and develop the skills, techniques, and knowledge they believe are necessary to survive the potential dissipation of mainstream ways of life. Based on ethnographic data collected in the Southwest of France, this article aims at understanding the motivations surrounding “preparedness”—as well as the discourses it generates and the practices it engenders—by repositioning them within the political and social context in which they emerge. For the most part, French survivalists develop traditional anti-liberal discourses, values, and practices, wherein notions of disaster or collapse are used as vehicles to promote a conservative political agenda. However, for some, prepping may also be a way to confront a feeling of the degradation of their lives, transforming survivalism into a paradoxical way of re/affirming one’s place in the world.

Unveiling the Cultural Impact of 'Ashar': A Societal Perspective

‘Ashar’, also referred to as Hashar, stands as a prevalent tradition deeply ingrained within Afghan culture, characterized by collective voluntary labor directed towards specific communal tasks or projects. This research endeavors to delve into the urgent necessity of addressing the potential decline of this significant social activity and to propose diverse solutions for its preservation. With its unique capacity to nurture unity and cohesion among communities, ‘Ashar’ yields a myriad of benefits that resonate across individuals and groups. Even the simplest act of aiding a single person exemplifies the profound impact and intrinsic value of this communal tradition. Through an exploration of its multifaceted implications, this study aims to illuminate the critical importance of safeguarding ‘Ashar’ to perpetuate its invaluable contributions to Afghan society.

Energy and GHG emissions assessment for biochar-enhanced advanced biofuels value chains

Biochar has an enormous potential to store carbon in the long-term. Differently than BioEnergy Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) technologies, biochar incorporates biogenic carbon in a solid form that offers multiple benefits as carbon sink, soil improver or for advanced materials production. The present study proposes an innovative approach, where carbon sequestration through biochar is obtained through the integration of slow pyrolysis with fast pyrolysis in decentralised biorefining systems, and then converted producing drop-in fuels from pyrolysis oil hydrotreating or gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. The scope is either to achieve negative GHG emissions assigned to advanced biofuels, or to export the generated carbon credit for the carbon markets (i.e. outside the biofuels carbon intensity). The innovative concept entails process integration and optimisation for the different stages of biomass drying, conversion and upgrading into biofuels in a way to reduce fossil-based inputs, applying a full value chain approach. Methodological choices for the assumptions on life cycle emissions calculation are discussed, evaluating the environmental performances by comparing the new concept to traditional biofuels value chains. Using a tailored lifecycle accounting methodology, this paper demonstrates that high GHG emissions savings can be achieved. The improved scenario shows how the carbon sequestration with biochar further reduces the carbon intensity up to –4.2 gCO2e MJ−1 for pyrolysis oil-based fuels, and to −20.2 gCO2e MJ−1 for FT-based fuels: this demonstrated that carbon negative sustainable biofuels can be obtained. The study demonstrates that an integrated biorefinery of 100 MW capacity can deliver additional 13.3 and 6.8 ktons of CO2e of GHG savings of per year, from drop-in fuels made of hydrotreated pyrolysis oil and FT synthesis, respectively.

Socio-environmental tragedies from mine tailings dam failures: Capital prevailing over the state and citizen

Peripheral countries with an abundance of mineral wealth are victims of exploratory capitalism based on neo-extractivism. Production of profit is based on the predatory exploitation of mineral commodities, which corrupts the agents of the State and belittles local populations and their traditional values. This establishes what has been called the coloniality of life, i.e. a process of domination, exploitation, and submission, under the pretext that this will be the path to development. This study aims to show the social cost of this development at any price giving rise to onerous liabilities that trample on human dignity and cause environmental disasters. The consequent alterations to quality of life in populations that have become vulnerable through socio-economic conditioning factors have led to emergencies that must be dealt with, onto which bioethics may throw light, in terms of health, ethics, and the environment. Implications of ethics responsibility and absence of social responsability are discussed based on the tragedy resulting from the failure of two iron ore tailings dams in Brazil.

Relevance of Lev Karsavin’s Ideas on State Cultural Policy

The article substantiates the expediency of using domestic philosophical heritage in the development of concepts and other normative documents of Russia’s cultural policy in the current situation. At present, Russian society has gained an understanding of the need to abandon the strategy of catch-up modernization and to implement socio-cultural development on the ways of deepening the country’s traditional spiritual values and its own historical vision of the multipolarity of the world. The ideas of the Russian religious philosopher L.P. Karsavin concerning such fundamental aspects of cultural policy as the peculiarities of the development of state ideology, the design of culture and state cultural programmes, the vocabulary and language of cultural studies are considered. Special attention is paid to Karsavin’s understanding of Russian culture as having Orthodox origins and developing on the basis of Orthodoxy. Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring the unifying and living, creative character of Russian culture, the conditions of equality of different cultures and, at the same time, the presence of a hierarchy of interpenetrating cultural spheres. The development of some of L.P. Karsavin’s ideas by his followers is outlined, including the need to clarify the Christian meaning of atheism and to overcome the “irreconcilable” antagonism between religious and atheistic worldviews. The study outlines a line of enrichment of cultural theory with little-known works by L.P. Karsavin and A.A. Vaneev, which, according to the authors of the article, opens prospects for further development of new approaches to understanding the essence of cultural policy.

Development of a Social Sciences Learning Model Based on Local Wisdom Pangngadakkang Tupanrita by Utilizing Digital Resources to Improve Prosocial Behavior of Elementary School Students South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Objective: This research aims to produce a social science learning model based on pangngadakkang tupanrita by using digital resources that are feasible, practical and effective to increase the prosocial behavior of elementary school students Theoretical Framework: One of the causes of low prosocial behavior is the lack of learning material that contains this topic coupled with learning models that are not applied appropriately so that students' understanding of the concepts does not reach the application stage Method: This research is research and development of the Borg, Gall, and Gall model which consists of ten steps Results and Discussion: The results of the study are based on the identification of the needs of Sanrobone State Elementary School students, it was found that low prosocial behavior requires a learning model that is able to improve students' prosocial behavior at each activity step and a social studies learning model based on pangngadakkang tupanrita is very feasible, very practical, used and quite effective to improve the prosocial behavior of elementary school students in South Sulawesi Province. Research Implications: Teaching local wisdom to students through digital resources can enhance their learning process and help them understand traditional culture and values. In addition, this research also shows how this paradigm can enhance prosocial behavior, shape students' personalities, foster stronger social bonds, and prepare them to participate responsibly in society. Originality/Value: It enriches the curriculum with information from local customs and culture by combining local knowledge with digital learning tools. With an emphasis on improving prosocial behavior, the program broadens students' understanding of cultural heritage.

Experiences of female early-career professionals in male-dominated STEM companies in Kazakhstan

ABSTRACT After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan put forward elaborate initiatives to address gender segregation in the labour market. However, female professionals are still heavily underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Considering conflicting cultural influences on the role of women in the country and guided by the social cognitive theory, the present study explores the early career experiences of female professionals working in STEM companies in Kazakhstan. The thematic analysis of 24 semi-structured interviews with early-career female professionals showed that social structural challenges with recruitment and promotion, organization integration and work-life balance prevent women from building successful careers in STEM. It was also found that to counterbalance these challenges, female professionals develop a variety of coping strategies such as projecting a professional image and adopting a masculine interaction style, conforming to the existing status quo and challenging gender discrimination and stigmatization. Drawing from the social cognitive theory, this study revealed that conflicting gender role expectations based on traditional, Western and Soviet cultural values might disempower and undermine women’s agency in transitioning to employment in STEM.

Evaluation on the traditional safe use of Kochiae Fructus oriented by antioxidant properties and oral safety of its ethanolic extract

Kochiae Fructus (KF) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used to delay aging and treat inflammation, such as rubella, eczema, cutaneous pruritus, etc. In order to fully understand the traditional medicinal value of KF, we evaluated the antioxidant properties and oral safety of its ethanolic extract. Considering flavonoids and phenolics in medicinal plants generally have strong antioxidant activity, we firstly detected the total flavonoids and phenolics contents of KFEE and its fractions. Secondly, we evaluated the antioxidant activities of KFEE and its fractions. Finally, we evaluated the oral safety of KFEE by the acute and 28-day subacute toxicities. The n-butanol fraction (ENBF) possessed the highest phenolics and flavonoids with values of 77.30 ± 3.17 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 228.81 ± 7.56 mg rutin equivalents/g, respectively. The results of antioxidant tests showed that ENBF possessed potent antioxidant ability. Among them, the high antioxidation capacity observed in ENBF could be attributed to its rich content of flavonoids and phenolics. The results of toxicological studies showed that the LD50 value of KFEE was 6000 mg/kg BW, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of KFEE was 600 mg/kg BW. According to the standards of the American Academy of Sciences for the classification of toxic substances, KFEE can be classified as practically non-toxic substance, which provided valuable evidence for the oral safety of KF as a natural aging delay medicine.

Женская духовность в культурной идентичности России

The article presents the results of the author’s analytical research on the problems of women’s spirituality, its place in the consideration of the formation of cultural identity and originality of Russia. Significance of the material presented is determined by its relevance, consisting in the fact that the realities of the modern world lead to a rethinking of the attitude towards spirituality and traditional basic values of the country. The share of the population interested in the issues of morality, civic identity and especially spirituality is increasing. Proof of this statement is the words of the President of the Russian Federation, uttered at the Valdai Forum, a meeting with historians, in an address to the residents of Russia in February 2023, as well as Decree No. 809 of November 9, 2022 “On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values”. The author attaches special importance to women's spirituality, arguing that it is women, for the most part, in our society who are the guardians of the basic values of their families. The analysis of the historical cross-section of the formation of the cultural identity of Russia is carried out, where the special role of traditional, family values is indicated, the interconnection of generations, the importance of the influence of knowledge about historical facts on the events of the future is shown, the justification of the importance of education and development of female spirituality in society is presented.

ETHNOCULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF PAMIR-SPEAKING COMMUNITIES AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF MIGRATION PROCESSES

The article determines the place of mother tongues in the life of Pamir-speaking communities, their transformation and functioning at different stages of the migration process. It outlines features that enhance our understanding of the phenomenon of Pamir diaspora. The linguistic and cultural priorities of diasporic Pamir communities are identified in light of their linguistic ideology, and ethno-religious and cultural perspectives. To study the dynamics of language life in different contexts, data on language biographies are presented, together with an analysis of the work of grassroots activists, who, by their lingua-cultural creativity, are involved in promoting their cultural and linguistic heritage, thus demonstrating their sociolinguistic rights. Analysis of the mother tongue – an important marker of the community’s socio-cultural life – reveals that Pamir languages lie at the core of the community’s cultural heritage, its spiritual and material traditions. These languages fulfil reproductive, creative and existential-ethical functions, acting as a reference point for socio-cultural practices that stimulate the revival of local culture and support the preservation of traditional cultural values. The prospects for the functioning, development and preservation of Pamir languages in the diaspora are considered.

Whole‐body donation through the lens of Shona culture and Christian religion in Zimbabwe

AbstractVoluntary donation is the ethically acceptable method for whole‐body acquisition for anatomy education worldwide. In Africa, educational institutions struggle with this since many people remain unwilling to donate their bodies due to the strong influence of cultural and religious beliefs in decision‐making. As part of wider efforts to improve the ethical sourcing of bodies in Zimbabwean medical schools, which are heavily reliant on unclaimed bodies, this study sought to determine the influences traditional and religious beliefs have on such decisions. We ascertained traditional and religious leaders' knowledge of whole‐body donation, explored cultural and religious views toward death, dying and whole‐body donation as well as their underlying reasons. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with traditional chiefs and Christian leaders who are considered the custodians of Zimbabwean traditional cultural and Christian values, respectively. Thematic analysis of traditional chiefs' interviews revealed that none of the chiefs had accurate knowledge regarding whole‐body donation or the processes involved. Due to set traditional practices around death, most traditional chiefs viewed the practice as foreign with possible negative repercussions to the dissectors. Most of the Christian leaders had knowledge of whole‐body donation. Their views were split between support for whole‐body donation and regard as a religious and cultural misfit. Overall, both traditional chiefs and Christian leaders understood the importance of whole‐body donation and requested further societal sensitization and education if the practice is to become socially acceptable.

Cultural Perspectives on Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture an Ethnoecological Study

In an era where climate change is becoming increasingly apparent, adaptation in the agricultural sector is becoming more crucial. This research adopts a literature study approach to explore the cultural perspective on climate change adaptation in agriculture through the lens of ethnoecology. Through searching and analyzing relevant literature, the main findings indicate that local culture plays a significant role in shaping farmers' adaptation practices. These practices include the utilization of traditional knowledge, cultural values, and local knowledge systems to respond to the challenges of climate change. It is found that local wisdom is not merely an additional resource but an integral aspect in strengthening the resilience of farming communities. However, challenges such as limited access to resources and economic uncertainty remain barriers to adaptation efforts. Therefore, the integration of local knowledge into policy planning and the development of local capacity are relevant recommendations to enhance climate change adaptation in agriculture. This research provides insights into the complexity of the relationship between culture and climate change adaptation in agriculture, highlighting the importance of strengthening the involvement of local communities in mitigation and adaptation efforts.

Evolving assessment pathways for precision oncology medicines to improve patient access: a tumor-agnostic lens.

Genomic and molecular alterations are increasingly important in cancer diagnosis, and scientific advances are opening new treatment avenues. Precision oncology (PO) uses a patient's genomic profile to determine optimal treatment, promising fewer side effects and higher success rates. Within PO, tumor-agnostic (TA) therapies target genomic alterations irrespective of tumor location. However, traditional value frameworks and approval pathways pose challenges which may limit patient access to PO therapies. This study describes challenges in assessing PO and TA medicines, explores possible solutions, and provides actionable recommendations to facilitate an iterative life-cycle assessment of these medicines. After reviewing the published literature, we obtained insights from key stakeholders and European experts across a range of disciplines, through individual interviews and an industry workshop. The research was guided and refined by an international expert committee through 2 sounding board meetings. The current challenges faced by PO and TA medicines are multiple and can be demonstrated through real-world examples of the current barriers and opportunities. A life-cycle approach to assessment should be taken, including key actions at the early stages of evidence generation, regulatory and reimbursement stage, as well as payment and adoption solutions that make use of the evolving evidence base. Working toward these solutions to maximize PO medicine value is a shared responsibility and stands to benefit all stakeholders. Our call to action is to expand access to comprehensive genomic testing, foster a learning health care system, enable fast and equitable access to cost-effective treatments, and ultimately improve health outcomes.

Beyond Words

Beyond Words

Managing Innovation From an S-D Logic Perspective

Innovation has traditionally been studied under a goods-dominant (G-D) logic perspective, focusing on product designs and innovations in production, manufacturing, and traditional value chain functions. However, with the development of information technologies and the increasingly competitive business service environment, a services-dominant (S-D) logic has emerged, emphasizing relational interactions among network stakeholders (e.g. partners, suppliers, and customers). Using a services-dominant (S-D) logic perspective coupled with a resource-based perspective, this study examines how resources and capabilities influence innovative strategy, leading to enhanced innovative performance. Employing 200 valid survey data using questionnaires from firms located in Vietnam, this study confirms that basic operant resources and dynamic capabilities significantly affect firms’ innovation performance either directly or indirectly through a mediation effect of S-D logic orientation.