Traditional Production Research Articles

Marketing Strategy Management in Increasing the Marketability of MSME Products in Facing Market Competition

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are fundamental components of robust economic resilience, as demonstrated by their persistent operation during Indonesia's monetary crisis, a consequence of the global financial downturn. In contrast, numerous large-scale corporations have experienced insolvency. Consequently, there was a significant wave of employment termination in 1998. Formulating a marketing strategy is critical to securing a sustainable competitive advantage for product- and service-oriented enterprises. A marketing strategy is a foundational element in developing a comprehensive corporate plan. Considering the complexity of challenges faced by enterprises, there exists a necessity for a holistic approach to serve as a framework guiding the organizational segment in executing its operations. Furthermore, the significance of marketing strategies is underscored by the intensifying competition prevalent among businesses in general. This study is motivated by fostering the growth of MSMEs within Mataram, which is characterized by a distinctive array of cultural traditions and a promising national market. This research aims to evaluate the management of marketing strategies aimed at enhancing the marketability of traditional MSME products in Mataram City. The study was carried out in the urban setting of Mataram. The methodologies employed for data collection include documentation, interviews, and observations, constituting a form of descriptive research. The analysis of the effectiveness of marketing strategies reveals a year-on-year increase in overall sales, which serves as a benchmark for assessing the efficacy of marketing strategies amid competition among batik enterprises.

Investigating stingray skin as a novel material for high-performance textile items

ish skin leather is a sustainable alternative to traditional leather production. The goal of this study is to create a recipe for turning raw stingray leather into protective gloves for hands. The process flow of Stingray Leather Processing and optimization of each single step has been done. The technique is based on tanning agents, formulating new processing methods, conducting an extensive market analysis, and examining the environmental impact. The processed stingray leather was evaluated for resistance to abrasion, cur, and puncture resistance, and it was found that the stingray skin gloves showed better cut and abrasion resistance than the conventional gloves available in the market.

A hybrid continuum-beam optimisation model: the virtual extensometer method for efficient optimisation of lattice materials

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) enables the fabrication of complex lattice structures that are infeasible with traditional manufacturing processes. These structures are typically implemented with constant cross-sectional strut elements; this strategy is expedient but leads to sub-optimal structural efficiency. Numerical continuum models allow robust mechanical modelling of complex lattice geometry but provide equally complex data fields that are ill-suited for traditional optimisation techniques. By contrast, numerical beam models represent the fundamental tensile and bending stress states but are incapable of capturing nuanced geometrical effects that lead to local stress concentrations. In this research, a hybrid continuum-beam method is proposed for the systematic optimisation of strut cross section: a representative unit cell is simulated by continuum elements, and the local strut stress tensor is acquired by embedded beam elements that act as virtual extensometers. By integrating a computationally inexpensive beam model into a more robust continuum model, the volume and the quality of data returned are significantly increased whilst being provided in a readily usable format for optimisation techniques, for a trivial increase in computational cost. The presented method is generalised and can be applied to any strut-based lattice structure. Body-centred cubic (BCC) and BCC with z-strut (BCCZ) lattice structures optimised by the proposed method are fabricated using laser-based powder bed fusion (LB-PBF) in AlSi10Mg and are mechanically evaluated. On average, performance for BCC lattice structures improves by 33% and 26% for relative yield strength and relative Young’s modulus respectively. BCCZ lattice structures saw a performance improvement of 25% and 19% for relative yield strength and relative Young’s modulus respectively, thus confirming superior performance at lower relative densities when compared to incumbent designs.

Professions need professional talents: Executives with internet experience and digital transformation of manufacturing companies

With the booming of digital transformation, traditional manufacturing companies are confronted by an increasing shortage of digital talents, leading to more Internet talents to join these companies. What impact does Internet talents have on the digital transformation? This paper finds that a higher proportion of Internet-experience talents in the executive team significantly boosts the digital transformation. This finding is robust after mitigating the endogeneity problem. Additionally, we find that executive power and tenure are two channels through which Internet talents facilitate digital transformation in manufacturing companies. Internet talents indirectly enhance digital transformation by boosting R&D.

Rotary ultrasonic surface machining of silicon: Effects of ultrasonic power and tool rotational speed

The surging demand for monocrystalline silicon materials in the production of microelectronic components highlights its crucial role in the semiconductor and optic industries. Hence it is inevitable to produce a silicon workpiece with high quality finish to meet the demand in semiconductor industries. Due to high brittleness, controlling the quality of silicon in surface machining is quite difficult. Traditional manufacturing processes induce issues like rough surfaces and edge chipping. It was reported that rotary ultrasonic surface machining (RUSM) can effectively reduce cutting force, roughness, and edge chipping in machining of brittle materials. There have been several studies on drilling and sliding silicon materials using rotary ultrasonic machining investigating the effects of machining parameters on the output variables such as cutting force, torque, edge chipping, surface roughness etc. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no reported investigations on effects of machining variables (ultrasonic power and tool rotation speed) in surface machining of silicon materials using the rotary ultrasonic machining. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of ultrasonic power and tool rotation speed on the cutting force, edge chipping, and surface roughness. Experimental results show that the ultrasonic vibration and tool rotation speed had a notable impact on edge chipping and cutting forces. Lastly, the current research has paved the way for widening the research on investigating grinding of the silicon wafer in semiconductor manufacturing with ultrasonic vibration and high rotation speed. In semiconductor wafer manufacturing, grinding process is used to reduce the flatness but generate surface and subsurface damage. With further investigations, RUSM can contribute to reducing these damages.

An investigation of mixed-model assembly line balancing problem with uncertain assembly time in remanufacturing

In recent decades, remanufacturing has emerged as an effective way to address resource crises and environmental pollution issues. Unlike traditional manufacturing, remanufacturing production is filled with various variable factors, especially in the assembly phase. Due to changes in part types, quality conditions, and assembly methods, the assembly time becomes highly uncertain. Assembly line balancing is a key challenge to achieve the stable operation of remanufacturing system. This study proposes an evaluation method for remanufacturing assembly time and establishes a multi-objective mathematical model for balancing remanufacturing mixed-model assembly (RMMA) line. The evaluation method utilizes the Fuzzy Graphical Evaluation Review Technique (FGERT) network to predict expected assembly time for each operation. The balancing model aims to optimize remanufacturing takt time and comprehensive balance rate (CBR). To effectively solve this model, an adaptive double-layer genetic algorithm (ADGA) is designed, where layer I ensures production efficiency and layer II optimizes assembly line balance. Finally, an assemble example of high-pressure common rail fuel pumps (HCRFP) is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate notable improvements compared to traditional single-product assembly (TSPA) line in scenarios with workstation numbers 4, 5, 6, and 7. Specifically, the production takt time is reduced by 4.19% to 9.56%, and CBR is enhanced by approximately 50%. Further comparison with three other classic algorithms confirms the superiority of ADGA. Additionally, it is observed that remanufacturability (proportion of remanufactured parts) has a significant impact on assembly performance. As remanufacturability increases, both takt time and CBR increase, reaching their maximum values when remanufacturability is around 0.5.

Synchronization evaluation of digital twin for a robotic assembly system using computer vision

Traditional production processes are profoundly transforming in the era of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing. Smart manufacturing, a core element of Industry 4.0, employs advanced technologies such as automation, robotics, AI, big data analytics, and machine learning to boost productivity and manufacturing performance. Central to this evolution is the Digital Twin (DT), digital replicas of physical assets that blend real-time data with advanced analytics and simulations. Ensuring synchronization between the digital replica and its physical counterpart is crucial for the success of Digital Twins. This paper addresses the challenge of achieving and quantifying synchronization within DTs, focusing on replicating physical system behaviour and measuring deviations or delays. The study delves into the critical aspects of synchronization within digital twin applications, focusing on its implications for a robotic assembly system. The research successfully harnessed YOLOv8 to facilitate real-time event tracking and synchronization characterization, highlighting the potential of computer vision in enhancing synchronization accuracy and, consequently, the efficiency and reliability of manufacturing processes.

Dyeing scheduling optimization in a multi-machine system with resource constraints

Abstract Water consumption is one of the most important concerns for a textile dyeing company in the era of global energy revolution. Different from the traditional production scheduling which focuses on the production efficiency improvement, the dyeing scheduling emphasizes the constraints of resource consumption. Besides, different from the traditional production scheduling where the task relevance is seldomly considered, the colour depth heavily impacts the water consumption and the dyeing scheduling results, which aggravates the uncertainty and complexity when modelling the dyeing scheduling optimization. Therefore, how to select proper dyeing orders among a large number of orders and schedule them for the purpose of generating more profit is challenging. To address the above issue, an optimization model with objective of maximizing profit and consideration of water consumption, delivery due time, and machine capacity, is built, and genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the problem. A numeric experiment is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Time Series Econometric Analysis of ODOP's Contribution to State-Level GDP Growth in India

This study examines the economic impact of the One District One Product (ODOP) scheme on state-level GDP growth in India using time-series econometric models from 2011 to 2023. The ODOP initiative, launched by the Indian government, aims to promote regional economic development by fostering unique local products from each district. By employing Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Johansen Co-Integration methods, the research quantitatively assesses the causal relationship between the ODOP scheme and GDP growth across various states. Preliminary findings suggest that ODOP significantly contributes to regional GDP, particularly through enhancing local production and market reach, thereby integrating regional economies into national and global value chains. This study underscores the importance of targeted regional policies in achieving broader economic objectives and fostering sustainable development. It also highlights the ODOP scheme’s role in promoting traditional products and skills, which aligns with the government's larger goals of a self-reliant India.

A gastronomic product specific to the Caucasus region culinary: Khinkali (ხინკალი) & Hinkal

In this research paper, the characteristics of khinkali and hinkal, which are a type of food specific to the Caucasus region, were examined within the context of Turkish and Georgian culinary cultures. The qualitative research method was adopted in the research and the purposive sampling technique was preferred. Face-to-face interviews were held in Artvin and Tbilisi with a total of ten participants, five of whom fulfilled the condition of preparing in Turkish and Georgian cuisines. At the end of the interviews, the data obtained from the participants were interpreted by conducting content analysis. This type of called “hinkal” in Turkish cuisine and “khinkali” in Georgian cuisine. The common features of product consist of “being a traditional product, learning the preparation at an early age, preparing the dough in similar ways, being widely consumed in cold winter months, having 5-6 pieces per portion on average, taking care to prepare it during holidays, serving it to guests, preparing it with family members, and laborious and time-consuming nature of preparation”. The most obvious differences between khinkali and hinkal are that they are folded in a half-moon shape in Turkish cuisine, roasted beef is used as a filling and consumed with pickles, whereas in Georgian cuisine they are folded as a bundle, ground beef is used as the stuffing, and it is consumed with either alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverages by sprinkling black pepper on it. In the study, it was concluded that both product types should be considered as gastronomic products. Besides, it was thought that determining common and different aspects by conducting similar studies on Turkish and Georgian cuisines, which have interacted with each other throughout history, would contribute to the relevant literature.

Part that social media plays in advertising MSMEs goods in Patas 1 Village, Gunung Bintang Awi District, South Barito Regency

This study discusses the role of social media in marketing products of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Patas 1 Village, Gunung Bintang Awai District, South Barito Regency. MSMEs are an essential sector in the village's economy, with various businesses such as culinary, handicrafts, and traditional weapon production. Social media platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp have helped some MSME actors expand their markets and increase product sales. However, some MSMEs have yet to utilize social media due to limited knowledge fully. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of social media use in MSME marketing and provide appropriate strategy recommendations. The evaluation methods used were interviews and direct observation. The study's findings indicate that social media significantly expands market networks, builds consumer interactions, and increases product sales. However, challenges such as lack of creativity and competition from similar products remain. Therefore, training and socialization on social media use for MSME actors are necessary to maximize their marketing potential in the digital era

A review of intensive contract poultry farming in Nigeria

Contract farming (CF) is a sort of vertical integration in agricultural commodity chains that provides a business with strong control over several operational processes, including the production process, the features of the items, quantity, quality, and timeliness of project execution. Birds were first domesticated by humans as farm animals, and as a result, many years ago, the contemporary practice of raising birds began with the harvesting of their eggs and young from their natural habitat. The Nigerian poultry industry falls into three main categories: small-, medium-, and large-scale, which are also referred to as backyard, semi-commercial, and commercial respectively. Contract farming emerged as an alternative to traditional or spot market-based agricultural production and was introduced into Nigeria under a variety of business names, including CHI, AMO, ANIMAL CARE, and ZARTECH, among others. Nigeria consumes 192.69 MT of poultry meat and egg products annually, resulting in enormous environmental impacts that have not been adequately addressed because of the growing use of contract farming. Contract farming has always received a lot of attention from academics and policymakers. Even though contract farming acknowledges the transfer of technology, prospects for increased revenue, and improved access to inputs, a great deal of research has focused on the risks that smallholder farmers face. In recent years, debate has erupted regarding the benefits and dangers of factory poultry production considering rising awareness of the challenges it poses to public health and the environment. This review reveals that backyard flocks of chickens can thrive independently of large-scale poultry operations. Survival traits including tiny size, hardiness, sluggish growth, low mature body weight, tolerance, or resistance to common local disease organisms and parasites define local chickens.

중국 4대 직할시 온라인 플랫폼 창업자의 창업동기, 개인역량, 창업환경요인이 창업행동에 미치는 영향 : 사업기회포착의 매개효과를 중심으로

With the technological advancements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, traditional manufacturing industries are transitioning to platform entrepreneurship utilizing AI and robotics technology. This shift contributes to national economic growth and job creation, aligning with the “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation” initiative advocated by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang in 2015, which drives the development of the platform economy. This study empirically analyzes the impact of entrepreneurial motivation, individual competencies, and entrepreneurial environmental factors on entrepreneurial behavior, with a mediating effect of business opportunity recognition, based on data collected from 515 online platform entrepreneurs in China’s four major municipalities. Using SPSS V. 24.0 and Process Macro 4.0 for analysis, the results indicate that economic and non-economic motivations, interpersonal competencies, digital utilization competencies, entrepreneurial education, financial status evaluation, and entrepreneurial support programs positively influence entrepreneurial behavior, with business opportunity recognition playing a crucial mediating role. Among these factors, financial status evaluation emerged as the most significant variable affecting entrepreneurial behavior. This finding demonstrates that an entrepreneur's ability to identify and evaluate business opportunities significantly impacts their entrepreneurial preparation and execution. Conversely, problem-solving competencies showed no direct effect on entrepreneurial behavior nor a mediating effect through business opportunity recognition. The traditional Chinese culture emphasizing guanxi (relationships) highlights the greater importance of interpersonal competencies over problem-solving or digital utilization competencies in business success. Therefore, to promote online platform entrepreneurship, it is essential to provide systematic financial education and continuous entrepreneurial support, enable networking and interpersonal skill‘s development programs, and offer practical support measures considering the impact of entrepreneurial environmental factors such as financial status evaluation on entrepreneurial behavior.

Analysis of the prospects for the development of organic pig farming in Russia

The paper is devoted to the study of factors that form the conditions for the development of organic pig production. The relevance of this topic is due to the growing interest of consumers both domestically and abroad in organic products as the basis for a healthy lifestyle and the resource potential available in Russia, which is sufficient to form a sector of producers — competitive participants in the world market. Based on the use of statistical methods for time series alignment, the authors have identified positive trends in traditional pig production, meat consumption and outpacing growth rates of demand for pig products. It has been determined that stable growth of real incomes of the population in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation can become the basis for the growth of effective demand for organic pig products. The paper summarizes the requirements for the organization of organic production in pig farming, taking into account internal regulatory documentation and foreign experience. Previous studies conducted by the authors showed that the existing soil and climatic conditions in the regions of the Russian Federation make it possible to produce organic feed for this industry, and the expansion of production is one of the target indicators of the Strategy for the Development of Organic Agriculture in the Russian Federation until 2030. The authors identified a number of risks in the work that must be taken into account when creating projects for the development of organic pig farming at the micro and macro levels.

Microbial Growth Inhibition Effect, Polyphenolic Profile, and Antioxidative Capacity of Plant Powders in Minced Pork and Beef

Consumer interest in healthier meat products has grown in recent years. Therefore, the use of plant powders as natural preservatives in the composition of pork and beef products could be an alternative to traditional meat products. This study aimed to assess the effect of different powders, such as blackcurrant, chokeberry, rowan berries, apple, tomato, garlic, and rhubarb, on the microbial growth dynamics in minced pork and beef during refrigerated storage. The total counts of aerobic microorganisms, Pseudomonas spp., yeasts, and molds were examined according to ISO methods. The polyphenolic profiles of plant powders and supplemented minced pork and beef samples were determined by HPLC-MS. The antioxidative capacity of the plant powders was analyzed using a spectrophotometric method. The findings of the study revealed that supplemented minced pork and beef samples had similar polyphenolic profiles and microbial growth dynamics. The highest antioxidative capacity was observed for anthocyanin-rich berry powders. In both minced pork and beef, rhubarb powder was the most effective plant material for inhibiting microbial growth, followed by blackcurrant pomace powder. In conclusion, all of the plant powders used in the present study can be used for the valorization of minced meat products, providing both antimicrobial and antioxidant effects.

A Systematic Evaluation of Design Freedoms and Restrictions of Lattice Structures Used as Interlock Bonds

Additive manufacturing provides new possibilities in product design compared to traditional manufacturing processes. Particularly additive material extrusion offers the freedom to combine multiple materials in a single component without additional steps. However, combining multiple materials often leads to reduced adhesion, which can hinder the creation of high-strength designs. This issue can be largely mitigated using the geometric freedom of additive manufacturing to produce interlocking structures. This publication investigates the use of lattice structures as interlocking bonds in multi-material applications. The aim is to aid the design of suitable lattice structures by collecting geometric freedoms of lattices, application requirements, and manufacturing constraints, for this information to be used in suitable designs in the future. Initially, the general design freedoms of lattice structures are compiled and explained. Subsequently, these design freedoms are narrowed down based on the specific requirements for interlocking bonds and the limitations imposed by geometry and material combinations during manufacturing. The publication concludes with design recommendations that can be used as the basis for interlock bonds. Suitable lattice designs should aim for high interconnectivity, interconnected porosity, and a high number of similar strut structures, all the while maintaining low dimensions in the interface direction.

Research progress on key technologies of flexible wearable electronic devices

Flexible wearable device is an innovative technology product, using soft, lightweight material design, can fit the curve of the human body, providing a comfortable wearing experience. These devices typically integrate a variety of sensors, batteries, and connectivity technologies to enable biometric monitoring, motion tracking, communication, and other intelligent functions. Traditional electronic products tend to give a "stiff" impression that they cannot withstand bending, twisting and stretching. In recent years, under the background of the integration of electronic technology and modern material science technology, the emerging flexible electronic wearable device has become a research hotspot with its more flexible material, more sensitive and accurate signal transmission, and more extensive monitoring range. The development of flexible electronic technology has greatly improved the user's wearing experience and is more suitable for the free movement of the human body. This paper summarizes the basic principle and classification of key technologies of wearable electronic devices, and introduces the research progress and research trend.

Microbial production of levulinic acid from glucose by engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440

Levulinic acid(LA) is produced through acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and dehydration of lignocellulosic biomass. It is a key platform chemical used as an intermediate in various industries including biofuels, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. Traditional LA production uses chemical conversion, which requires high temperatures and pressures, strong acids, and produces undesirable side reactions, repolymerization products, and waste problems Therefore, we designed an integrated process to produce LA from glucose through metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. As a metabolic engineering strategy, codon optimized phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase (AroG), 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (AsbF), and acetoacetate decarboxylase (Adc) were introduced to express genes of the shikimate and β-ketoadipic acid pathways, and the 3-oxoadipate CoA-transferase (pcaIJ) gene was deleted to prevent loss of biosynthetic intermediates. To increase the accumulation of the produced LA, the lva operon encoding levulinyl-CoA synthetase (LvaE) was deleted resulting in the high LA-producing strain P. putida HP203. Culture conditions such as medium, temperature, glucose concentration, and nitrogen source were optimized, and under optimal conditions, P. putida HP203 strain biosynthesized 36.3 mM (4.2 g/L) LA from glucose in a fed-batch fermentation system. When lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate was used as the substrate, this strain produced 7.31 mM of LA. This is the first report of microbial production of LA from glucose by P. putida. This study suggests the possibility of manipulating biosynthetic pathway to produce biological products from glucose for various applications.

PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA KERIPIK IKAN KUNIR UD FARAH DENGAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MESIN VACUUM FRYING SERTA MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) PADA KARYAWAN

Panarukan District, Situbondo Regency, has marine potential that supports marine fish-based processing industries, including UD FARAH in Paowan Village, a producer of turmeric fish chips. However, UD FARAH's production capacity is still low because it uses traditional equipment such as wood stoves. Technological development is needed to increase production efficiency and quality, which is expected to increase profits and meet growing market demand. The aim of this activity is to improve employee skills in operating Vacuum Frying Machines for the production of turmeric fish chips and strengthen their understanding of occupational safety and health (K3). UD FARAH faces traditional production problems which result in less than optimal product quality and quantity, as well as working conditions that do not meet K3 standards. Solutions include the application of Vacuum Frying Machine technology and K3 training to increase production efficiency and work safety. The program also includes mentoring and evaluation to ensure long-term success. After the service activities, UD FARAH experienced a significant increase in productivity and product quality with the implementation of the Vacuum Frying Machine. Employees' knowledge of technology and K3 also increases, which contributes to work safety and efficiency. In addition, the sustainability program includes marketing strategies and product diversification, such as the development of mango chips, which utilize local resources and open up new market opportunities. It is also hoped that the sustainability of this program will reduce UD FARAH's dependence on one type of product, increase competitiveness and create added value for the local community. This activity succeeded in improving the skills of UD FARAH employees in operating vacuum frying machines and implementing K3, as well as encouraging product diversification and improving marketing strategies to increase productivity and sales.

PERANCANGAN MESIN PENGERING RIMPANG UNTUK RUMAH PRODUKSI JAMU CELUP TRADISIONAL

Rhizomes are one of the main ingredients in the production of traditional herbal medicine, which plays an important role in the food, beverage and medicine industries. The process of drying rhizomes greatly affects the quality and shelf life of the product, so an efficient drying device is needed to ensure optimal quality. This research aims to design a rhizome drying tool for traditional dipping herbal medicine production houses, which can speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of the rhizomes produced. This type of research is development research with the research object being rhizomes used in herbal medicine production. Data was collected through testing the designed tool, using temperature and drying time testing methods. Data analysis was carried out by measuring the quality of the rhizomes post-drying, including moisture and color. The research results showed that the designed dryer was capable of drying rhizomes at a temperature of 40°C within 1 hour, while maintaining the quality of the rhizomes and meeting the standards for herbal medicine production. In conclusion, this tool has the potential to be a practical solution for traditional herbal medicine production houses, speeding up the production process and increasing efficiency.