Traditional Plant Research Articles

Effects of different cooking preparations on the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of Etlingera coccinea (Blume) S. Sakai & Nagam (Tuhau)

Tuhau (Etlingera coccinea) is a traditional plant widely consumed in Southeast Asia due to its unique flavor and potential health benefits. However, the influence of various cooking preparations on its nutritional composition and antioxidant activities remains understudied. This research aimed to investigate the effect of different cooking methods on Tuhau, providing valuable insights for optimizing its preparation for enhanced health benefits. Tuhau rhizomes were purchased, sliced, and divided into six groups representing different cooking preparations: control, pickled, stir-fried, deep-fried, boiled, and blanched. Proximate analysis was conducted to determine the nutritional composition, including ash, protein, fat, moisture, crude fiber, and carbohydrate content. The antioxidant activities of the cooked Tuhau samples were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, while the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-ciocalteu method. Uncooked Tuhau samples were used as a control for comparison. The findings indicate that different cooking methods significantly influence the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. Cooking processes, such as boiling and blanching, increased the moisture content, while stir-frying and deep-frying led to higher fat content. Moreover, deep-fried Tuhau exhibited the highest crude fiber content and TPC, which could contribute to its enhanced antioxidant activities. However, the weak correlation between antioxidant assays and total phenolic content suggests that other compounds may also contribute to the observed antioxidant properties of Tuhau. This study demonstrates that cooking preparations impact the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the cooking methods of Tuhau to enhance its health benefits. Further research is warranted toexplore other nutritional compositions and the use of Tuhau as a food ingredient in a variety of food products.

Ginseng extract improves pancreatic islet injury and promotes β-cell regeneration in T2DM mice.

Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (Araliaceae; Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), a traditional plant commonly utilized in Eastern Asia, has demonstrated efficacy in treating neuro-damaging diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, its precise roles and mechanism in alleviating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) need further study. The objective of this study is to explore the pharmacological effects of ginseng extract and elucidate its potential mechanisms in protecting islets and promoting β-cell regeneration. The T2DM mouse model was induced through streptozotocin combined with a high-fat diet. Two batches of mice were sacrificed on the 7th and 28th days following ginseng extract administration. Body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, and glucose tolerance were detected. Morphological changes in the pancreatic islets were examined via H & E staining. Levels of serum insulin, glucagon, GLP-1, and inflammatory factors were measured using ELISA. The ability of ginseng extract to promote pancreatic islet β-cell regeneration was evaluated through insulin & PCNA double immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, the mechanism behind β-cells regeneration was explored through insulin & glucagon double immunofluorescence staining, accompanied by immunohistochemical staining and western blot analyses. The present research revealed that ginseng extract alleviates symptoms of T2DM in mice, including decreased blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance. Serum levels of insulin, GLP-1, and IL-10 increased following the administration of ginseng extract, while levels of glucagon, TNF-α, and IL-1β decreased. Ginseng extract preserved normal islet morphology, increased nascent β-cell population, and inhibited inflammatory infiltration within the islets, moreover, it decreased α-cell proportion while increasing β-cell proportion. Mechanistically, ginseng extract might inhibit ARX and MAFB expressions, increase MAFA level to aid in α-cell to β-cell transformation, and activate AKT-FOXM1/cyclin D2 to enhance β-cell proliferation. Our study suggests that ginseng extract may be a promising therapy in treating T2DM, especially in those with islet injury.

Formulation of Jelly Containing Paneer Dodi

As we all know that traditional herbs and plants have any medicinal benefits and used in treatment of wide variety of diseases. Panner Doda is traditional plant which is used in treatment of many diseases such as diabetes, wound healing menstrual disorders, etc. Panner phool (withania Coagulans) have medicinal properties to control diabetes mellitus type 2. Panner dodi is available in powder form (rarely) but most commonly available as dried phool which is soaked overnight in a water to have maximum benefits to control diabetes. But it hasonly drawn that it is bitter in taste. So oral medicated sweet jelly formulation has a sweet tasteand has an attractive appearance. So, it has become easy to have a medicine by altering its bittertaste and can be given to paediatrics as well as geriatric patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Paneer Doda (Withania Coagulans Dunal), belonging to the family Solanaceae, is a small bushwhich is widely spread in South Asia. It grows as short shrub (35-75 cm) with central stem. This shrub is common in Afghanistan, East India & Nepal. In India it occurs in Punjab, Rajasthan, Simla, Kumaun and Garhwal. It is commonly known as ‘Indian cheese maker’ or ‘vegetable rennet’ due to coagulant property of leaves and fruits. The berries contain two esterases, free amino acids, fatty oil, an essential oil and alkaloids. The amino acids present areproline, hydroxyproline, valine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, glycine asparagin, cysteine and glutamic acid. A variety of withanolides have been found in the plant which are responsible for its therapeuticproperties. It is widely used in treating diabetes mellitus, nervous exhaustion, disability, insomnia, wasting diseases and failure to thrive in children. The fruits of the plant are reportedto be sedative, emetic, alterative and diuretic. They are also helpful in liver complaints, asthmaand biliousness. Withania coagulans is commonly known as Paneer Dodi belonging to family Solanaceae is a well -known plant in herbal medicinal systems having great potential against diabetic disease by improving the secretion of insulin. It was though worthwhile to explore its application intoour body to treat type-2 diabetes, it acts on the insulin receptors for the better consumption of insulin.

Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Transmissible Diseases

Herbal medicine, as an ancient traditional medical method, predates the establishment of contemporary healthcare systems within human culture. Globally, several groups develop their own indigenous forms of medicine and corresponding methodologies for treating and enhancing overall well-being. The research presents a comprehensive ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of transmissible diseases in Katsina State. A random selection technique was employed in conjunction with an open-ended interview guide over the period spanning from October 2022 to June 2023. The demographic information of the respondents was ascertained using Excel 2016. Quantitatively, the documented plants were subjected to analysis based on their Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). This study identified 26 medicinal plants used in the administration and treatment of various transmissible diseases in the northern Nigerian state of Katsina. Moringa oleifera (28%) is the most frequently reported plant, followed by Olea Europaea (24%) and Azadirachta indica (20%). Leaves were the most frequently used part of the plants (69%), common method of preparation is decoction (65%). As their popularity and recognition expanded throughout the world, plants with medical potential remain the sole hope for the future. According to the current study, people of Katsina citizens had a solid awareness of the medicinal plant. Even with the progress of contemporary medicine, the people in the area still depend on using traditional plants for medical purposes.

Natural Prenylflavonoids from Sophora flavescens Root Bark against Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Targeting the Membrane Permeability.

The overuse of antibiotics in animal farming and aquaculture has led to multidrug-resistant methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MR-MSSA) becoming a common pathogen in foodborne diseases. Sophora flavescens Ait. serves as a traditional plant antibacterial agent and functional food ingredient. A total of 30 compounds (1-30) were isolated from the root bark of S. flavescens, consisting of 20 new compounds (1-20). In the biological activity assay, compound 1 demonstrated a remarkable inhibitory effect on MR-MSSA, with an MIC of 2 μg/mL. Furthermore, 1 was found to rapidly eliminate bacteria, inhibit biofilm growth, and exhibit exceptionally low cytotoxicity. Mechanistic studies have revealed that 1 possesses an enhanced membrane-targeting ability, binding to the bacterial cell membrane components phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL). This disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity increases intracellular reactive oxygen species, protein and DNA leakage, reduced bacterial metabolism, and ultimately bacterial death. In summary, these findings suggest that compound 1 holds promise as a lead compound against MR-MSSA.

Continuous Straw Returning Combined with Nitrogen Application Improve Soil Properties and Yield of Double Cropping Maize in Subtropical Regions

This study aimed to investigate the impact of straw returning (SR) combined with appropriate N application rates on soil properties and maize yield for a double cropping maize system in South China. From 2021 to 2022, a two-year field experiment was conducted (the perennial orientation study began in 2018) with two nitrogen application rates, 0 kg ha−1 (N0) and 250 kg ha−1 (N250), under various straw treatments (SR and traditional planting). The findings revealed that SR, along with the nitrogen application of 250 kg ha−1 (N250), increased soil total nitrogen (TN), soil total phosphorous (STP), and the soil total potassium (STK) content besides soil organic carbon (SOC) and labile organic carbon (LOC); similarly, their interaction improved SOC and LOC in the 0–20 cm soil layer. In addition, within the 20–40 cm soil layer, SR and N250 also increased the soil TN, SOC, LOC, STP, and STK content. Notably, these soil properties exhibited a decrease with increasing soil depth. Furthermore, SR and N250 led to improvements in the grain yield and yield component of maize. Combining SR with N250 led to a significant 101.53% increase in SOC content from 2018 to 2022. Our research indicates that implementing N rates of 250 kg ha−1 under SR is an effective method to boost maize grain yield, enhance soil chemical characteristics, and ensure safe and productive maize cultivation.

Root hairs: an underexplored target for sustainable cereal crop production.

To meet the demands of a rising human population, plant breeders will need to develop improved crop varieties that maximize yield in the face of increasing pressure on crop production. Historically, the optimization of crop root architecture has represented a challenging breeding target due to the inaccessibility of the root systems. Root hairs, single cell projections from the root epidermis, are perhaps the most overlooked component of root architecture traits. Root hairs play a central role in facilitating water, nutrient uptake, and soil cohesion. Current root hair architectures may be suboptimal under future agricultural production regimes, coupled with an increasingly variable climate. Here, we review the genetic control of root hair development in the world's three most important crops-rice, maize, and wheat-and highlight conservation of gene function between monocots and the model dicot species Arabidopsis. Advances in genomic techniques including gene editing combined with traditional plant breeding methods have the potential to overcome many inherent issues associated with the design of improved root hair architectures. Ultimately, this will enable detailed characterization of the effects of contrasting root hair morphology strategies on crop yield and resilience, and the development of new varieties better adapted to deliver future food security.

Design of inductive electrostatic boom spray system based on embedded closed electrode structure and droplet distribution test in soybean field.

The large water demand, insufficient deposition on the back of the leaf and the uneven distribution of droplets are the problems of traditional agricultural ground plant protection machinery, which leads to low agricultural control efficiency. Combined with the advantages of electrostatic spray technology and the characteristics of high working efficiency and low probability of droplets drift of ground sprayer, an inductive electrostatic boom spray system based on embedded electrode structure is designed and mounted on a large self-propelled boom sprayer for field testing. Based on the working characteristics of the fan nozzle and the analysis of the theory of charge, the inductive electrostatic spray device is designed. The performance of the device is tested and the rationality of the system design is verified by COMSOL numerical simulations, charge-to-mass ratio, and particle size distribution measurements. The spray deposition scanning software and the Box-Behnken experimental design method are used to analyze the spray droplet deposition rate and coverage density of the sprayer on the front and back of the target leaves. The results show that the embedded closed electrode structure designed in this paper can avoid the problem of electrode wetting, and the electric field generated by it is mainly concentrated in the spray liquid film area, and the intensity reaches 6~7 V/m. At the conventional application height (500 mm), the maximum charge-to-mass ratio is 2.91 mC/kg, and the average particle size is 168.22 μm, which is 12.87% lower than that of ordinary spray, when the spray pressure is 0.3 MPa and the electrostatic voltage is 12 kV. The results of field experiments show that the optimum combination of the working parameters with the spray speed is 8.40 m/s, the spray pressure is 0.35 MPa, the charging voltage is 11.50 kV, the amount of droplet deposition in the lower dorsal area of the blade is 1.44 µL·cm-2. This study can provide a certain basis for the application of electrostatic spray technology in ground sprayers.

Rapid formation mechanism of SAD granular sludge: From flocculated activated sludge to granular sludge

The SAD (Simultaneous Anammox and Denitrification) process combines anammox with denitrification to achieve nitrogen removal and carbon reduction. In this study, the flocculent activated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank of the traditional sewage treatment plant was used as the research object. Under the action of high NH4+, adding reflux, and adjusting HRT in the UASB reactor, the transformation from flocculent sludge to SAD granular sludge was quickly realized. The results showed that a relatively stable SAD granular sludge system could be formed after 250 days of operation, and the system with reflux was more resistant to changes in the external environment than the system without reflux. In the SAD system, TN Removal Rate (TNRE) ≈ 90 %, Carbon Removal Rate (CRR) ≈ 90 %. After 3D-EEM, FTIR, and analysis of protein secondary structure, it was found that the particle stability and aggregation of the SAD stage were significantly improved compared with the previous two stages. The bacterial community structure had obvious vertical heterogeneity, mainly AnAOB (Ca. Kuenenia≈30 %) and denitrifying bacteria (Comamonas≈20 %). When the temperature drops sharply, the performance of SAD can be effectively restored by adding reflux and reducing the carbon source.

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Aloe Barbadensis Millar (Aloe Vera) Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in Khartoum State, Sudan

Background: It is becoming more widely acknowledged that Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a significant nosocomial pathogen that can cause serious infections. In general, new therapeutic approaches that prioritize the utilization of extracts and physiologically active chemicals extracted from herbal plants should be used to control P. aeruginosa infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in underdeveloped countries, around 80% of the population mostly uses traditional medicine and plant extracts as their primary source of medicine to treat a variety of infectious diseases. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of A. vera against P. aeruginosa isolated in Khartoum state hospitals. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was performed in Khartoum state. Between November 2022 and April 2023, a total of 100 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from patients hospitalized at Khartoum State hospitals. Standard microbiological techniques, such as the Gram stain, catalase test, and oxidase test, were used to identify the isolates. Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Meropenem, and Gentamicin. A. vera gel were used in an antimicrobial susceptibility test against the P. aeruginosa strains. Results: Isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from hospitalized individuals. Of the 100 isolates included in the study, 63 isolates (63%) had been isolated from males and 37 isolates (37%) had been isolated from females. Using the microdilution method, antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 100 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates was conducted for four antibiotics. The results showed that 38% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 94% to ceftriaxone, 82% to gentamicin, and 0% to meropenem. Conclusions: P. aeruginosa demonstrated multidrug resistance to a widely used antibiotic. A different therapeutic agent for the treatment of clinical multi-drug resistance bacteria may be employed in the ethanol extracts of Aloe vera since they have shown antibacterial efficacy against multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa which is resistant to many drugs and may be treated with a combination of conventional antibacterial discs and the crude extract of Aloe vera. The study's findings validate the traditional wisdom that aloe vera plants may cure microbial infections and suggest that aloe vera may be used to make powerful new antibacterial compounds.

Alien introgression to wheat for food security: functional and nutritional quality for novel products under climate change.

Crop yield and quality has increased globally during recent decades due to plant breeding, resulting in improved food security. However, climate change and shifts in human dietary habits and preferences display novel pressure on crop production to deliver enough quantity and quality to secure food for future generations. This review paper describes the current state-of-the-art and presents innovative approaches related to alien introgressions into wheat, focusing on aspects related to quality, functional characteristics, nutritional attributes, and development of novel food products. The benefits and opportunities that the novel and traditional plant breeding methods contribute to using alien germplasm in plant breeding are also discussed. In principle, gene introgressions from rye have been the most widely utilized alien gene source for wheat. Furthermore, the incorporation of novel resistance genes toward diseases and pests have been the most transferred type of genes into the wheat genome. The incorporation of novel resistance genes toward diseases and pests into the wheat genome is important in breeding for increased food security. Alien introgressions to wheat from e.g. rye and Aegilops spp. have also contributed to improved nutritional and functional quality. Recent studies have shown that introgressions to wheat of genes from chromosome 3 in rye have an impact on both yield, nutritional and functional quality, and quality stability during drought treatment, another character of high importance for food security under climate change scenarios. Additionally, the introgression of alien genes into wheat has the potential to improve the nutritional profiles of future food products, by contributing higher minerals levels or lower levels of anti-nutritional compounds into e.g., plant-based products substituting animal-based food alternatives. To conclude, the present review paper highlights great opportunities and shows a few examples of how food security and functional-nutritional quality in traditional and novel wheat products can be improved by the use of genes from alien sources, such as rye and other relatives to wheat. Novel and upcoming plant breeding methods such as genome-wide association studies, gene editing, genomic selection and speed breeding, have the potential to complement traditional technologies to keep pace with climate change and consumer eating habits.

Local food systems as a resilient strategy to ensure sustainable food security in crisis: Lessons from COVID-19 pandemic and perspectives for the post-pandemic world

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected food supply chains and threatened global food security. The nations excessively relying on the import of food were severely affected. The food shortages in various countries worldwide were due to multiple reasons, such as unavailability of land, infertility of the available land, and excessive reliance on the import of foods. The excessive dependence on a few mainstream crops increases the vulnerabilities of the communities. However, several plants, known as traditional or indigenous food plants, are consumed by local populations and form the basis of robust local food systems. They are not cultivated at a large scale in a large area, but local communities have access to the locally available plants that grow near their settlements. Local foods are particularly vital during situations similar to pandemics and wars when the global supply chains are disrupted. This article emphasises the potential of local food system supply chains as a resilient strategy for food security in emergencies such as COVID-19. It further attempts to provide important insights into the vulnerabilities associated with mainstream foods, their impact on food insecurity, and the forthcoming roles of alternative local food systems based on local indigenous plants.

Assessment of Traditional Way of Value Addition Practices on Processing of Milk and Milk Products in Selected Districts of South Omo Zone

The study was carried out to evaluate, identify, and characterize various traditional milk preservative plants and investigate their indigenous techniques of handling, processing and preserving in the South-Ari and Maale districts. Data were collected from 196 households by purposive sampling, interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS. More than 12 indigenous preservative plants that were commonly used by the respondents were identified and collected. In the South-Ari district all (100%) respondents used plant species of Lippia adoensis Hochst, Cordia Monoica Roxb., Leucas Deflexa Hook.f and Satureja Paradoxa, while in the Maale district 63.5% of the respondents used only fresh Balanites Aegyptiaca leaves to clean the milk utensils while 36.5% used fresh leaves of Solanum Incanu, Hoslundia Opposita, Balanites Aegyptiaca, Lantana Camara, and Celosia Trigyna. as washing milking and storage vessels. About 96% of the plants frequently used to smoke milk equipment in the South-Ari district were Clerodendrum Myricoides, Eucalyptus Globulus and Olea Africana while almost all (99%) households in the Maale district smoked milk utensils with Balanites aegyptiaca, Solanum Incanum, Lantana Camara, and Ocimum Forskolei Benth. The application methods were through rubbing, burning, and both burning and immersion in the milk vessels. The main cause of the loss of milk after harvest in the South Ari (93.7%) and Maale (40%) districts was milk spoilage. The majority of the 92% in South-Ari and 66.7% in Maale respondents minimize milk spoilage by consuming early or selling to the market. It could be concluded that the herbal plants identified in this study required further examination and their impact on the health of consumers should be studied in detail.

Phytochemical Profiling and their Pharmacological Activities of Traditional Plants of Euphorbiaceae Family: A Review

Phytochemical Profiling and their Pharmacological Activities of Traditional Plants of Euphorbiaceae Family: A Review

Bringing justice to habitat conservation with Indigenous refugia: potential for planning and management of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) in New Mexico

In the face of climate change and associated increases in disturbances, some areas, known as refugia, will remain or become newly habitable for species, while others will be lost. Planning and managing for refugia can support biodiversity and conservation. However, without explicit consideration of justice, planning and management for refugia risks unnecessarily limiting information about local conditions and traditional practices that may be contained in Indigenous knowledges, and causing maladaptive consequences such as exclusion of Indigenous communities from decision-making and from protected areas, with loss of use of traditional plants and animals. The article proposes a new concept, Indigenous refugia, that incorporates three types of justice into existing theories of refugia for conservation in the face of climate change: recognition justice as understanding and respect for Indigenous values, experiences, and knowledges; procedural justice in collaboration and decision-making; and distributional justice as access to species and lands that sustain cultural and social processes. It presents a potential example of Indigenous refugia for the planning and management for climate-vulnerable Douglas-fir in New Mexico in collaboration with Pueblo, Diné (Navajo), Nde (Apache), and other Indigenous peoples with ancestral lands in the area.

The pan-plastome of Prunus mume: insights into Prunus diversity, phylogeny, and domestication history.

Prunus mume in the Rosaceae and commonly referred to as mei or Chinese plum is widely used as a traditional ornamental flowering plant and fruit tree in China. Although some population and genetic analyses have been conducted for this species, no extensive comparisons of genetic variation from plastomes have yet been investigated. We de novo assembled a total of 322 complete P. mume plastomes in this study and did a series of comparative analyses to better resolve pan-plastomic patterns of P. mume. To determine the phylogeny and domestication history of this species, we reconstructed the phylogenetic tree of Prunus genus, and resolved the population structure of P. mume. We also examined the nucleotide variation of P. mume to find potential DNA barcodes. The assembled plastomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure and ranged from 157,871 bp to 158,213 bp in total size with a GC content ranging from 36.73 to 36.75%. A total of 112 unique genes were identified. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were the most common variants found among the plastomes, followed by nucleotide insertions/deletions (InDels), and block substitutions with the intergenic spacer (IGS) regions containing the greatest number of variants. From the pan-plastome data six well-supported genetic clusters were resolved using multiple different population structure analyses. The different cultivars were unevenly distributed among multiple clades. We also reconstructed a phylogeny for multiple species of Prunus to better understand genus level diversity and history from which a complex introgressive relationship between mei and other apricots/plums was resolved. This study constructed the pan-plastome of P. mume, which indicated the domestication of P. mume involved multiple genetic origins and possible matrilineal introgression from other species. The phylogenetic analysis in Prunus and the population structure of P. mume provide an important maternal history for Prunus and the groundwork for future studies on intergenomic sequence transfers, cytonuclear incompatibility, and conservation genetics.

Efficacy of a Novel Nanohydrogel Formulation Containing Dopamine, Chitosan Nanoparticles, and Tridax procumbens Extract for Enhanced Wound Healing in Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells: An In Vitro Study.

Background Natural compounds and biomaterials, such as nanohydrogels, have gained interest due to their biocompatibility and tissue regeneration potential. A novel nanohydrogel was prepared by employing Tridax procumbens, a traditional plant with anti-inflammatory properties and chitosan nanoparticles and a natural bioadhesive with potent antimicrobial and antioxidant effects and dopamine, which has been shown to regulate angiogenesis and influence cell growth. The objective of this study was to examine how human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells respond to a nanohydrogel formulation containing dopamine, chitosan nanoparticles, and T. procumbens extract in terms of cell viability and cell migration. Methods From human gingival tissue, fibroblasts were cultured. A nanohydrogel formulation was prepared by combining dopamine, chitosan nanoparticles, and T. procumbens extract. Three groups were evaluated: Group 1 (nanohydrogel containing dopamine, chitosan nanoparticles, and T. procumbens extract (DnCTP)), Group 2 (chitosan nanoparticles and T. procumbens extract (nCTP)), and Group 3(T. procumbens extract (TP)). The MTT assay was used to measure the percentage of cell viability and a scratch assay to observe cell migration in the wounded area at different concentrations. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, USA) and imported to IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 (released 2015, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), and the Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to statistically analyze the cell viability for different concentrations within the three groups. Results The nanohydrogel formulation (DnCTP) showed dose-dependent effects on cell viability with the highest cell viability at 40 µL/mL concentration, and higher concentrations of 80 µL/mL exhibited cytotoxic effects. nCTP and TP showed decreased cell viability at 80 µL/mL concentration(p < 0.05), indicating potential cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. DnCTP showed improved cell migration in the scratch assay as compared to other groups (nCTP and TP), indicating its potential for facilitating wound healing. Conclusion Dopamine, chitosan nanoparticles, and T. procumbens worked together synergistically to create a nanohydrogel formulation (DnCTP) that showed promise for improving wound healing in human gingival fibroblast cells at a dose-dependent concentration, which may therefore work as an excellent wound-healing agent in periodontal and peri-implant therapy.

Anti- Leishmanial activity of a traditional Indian herbal plant agave Vivipara

Infection due to protozoa of the Genus Leishmania are a major world wide health problem with high endemicity in developing countries. Visceral leishmaniasis commonly called Kala azar which is caused by an intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani. This disease may be fatal when left untreated . In the present study, In vitro anti- leishmanial activitiy of Ethyl acetate , Methanolic , Benzene, and Chloroform extracts of Agave vivipara have been evaluated . Among those extracts Ethyl acetate of Agave vivipara shows effective antileishmanial activity against promastigote form of leishmanial donovani. Saponins present in Agave vivipara which may be responsible for inhibition the growth of parasites. It was found that IC 50 = 300 ?g /ml( 50% inhibition at 300 ?g /ml) and IC90 =400 ?g /ml ( complete inhibition at 400 ?g /ml). . KEYWORDS :Visceral leishmaniasis, Agave vivipara ,Leishmania donovani,

Anti- Leishmanial activity of a traditional indian herbal plant Chenopodium ambrosioides

The existing antileishmanial drugs for complete cure of visceral leishmaniasis( Kala azar) are limited The available drugs are either toxic or less effective leading to disease relapse or conversion to postkala ?azar dermal leishmaniasis Several herbal extracts have been shown to have antileishmanial activity... In the present study, In vitro anti- leishmanial activitiy of Ethanolic ,Methanolic , Benzene, and Chloroform extracts of Chinopodiumambrosioides have been evaluated . Among those extracts ethanolic extract of Chinopodiumambrosioides shows effective antileishmanial activity against promastigote form of leishmanial donovani. ascoridole present in C.ambrosioides which may be responsible for inhibition the growth of parasites. It was found that IC 50 = 150 ?g /ml( 50% inhibition at 150 ?g /ml) and IC90 =200 ?g /ml (complete inhibition at 200?g /ml).. KEYWORDS :Visceral leishmaniasis, Chinopodium ambrosioides,Leishmaniadonovani,

Assessment of Indigenous Knowledge on Using of Traditional Medicinal Plants to Cure Human Diseases in South Omo Zone Baka Dawla Ari District, Kure and Bitsmal South Ethiopia

This ethnobotanical study aims to investigate and document the indigenous knowledge on using traditional medicinal plants to cure human diseases in southern Ethiopia, south Omo zone Baka dawla Ari district at Kure and Bitsmal community. In this study, 77 plant species that belong to 68 genera and 35 plant families were identified by 110 local community members and 10 traditional healers of the study area to treat 32 human diseases. According to the analyzed result of the study three families (Lamiaceae, Solanaceae, and Fabaceae) are equally leading families each with nine species (11.69%) followed by Euphorbiaceae with five species (6.5%) and Asteraceae with four species (5.2%) in the study area. The result of this study also shows that most of the traditional medicines were taken in the mouth (oral) at 61.5% followed by topical (26,4%) and inhalation form (12.1%). The findings of this study show that most traditional plants were collected from the forest (45.5%) followed by the backyard (26%) and herbs are the most popular (59%) followed by shrubs (27%) plant habits. According to the result of this study, leaves are the dominant traditional medicinal plant parts used (55%) followed by roots (11.2%). preference ranking of medicinal plants in the study shows Solanum incanum ranked first indicating that it was the most effective in curing stomach pain followed by Verbena officinalis and the highest informant consensus factor value (0.57) was recorded by Malaria, Evil eye, snake bite, sudden disease categories.