Traditional Perspective Research Articles

The spirit of sports as ideology: a theoretical framework

ABSTRACT The discourse surrounding the spirit of sports, especially under the purview of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), often centers on the philosophical implications of doping and fair play. This research aims to reframe the discussion by employing the lens of historical materialism and Marxist theory, considering sports not merely as isolated physical endeavors but deeply interwoven with societal and ideological transformations. This approach traces the evolution of sports from ancient times, where it served religious and communal functions, to its current status as a component of global capitalist culture. By analyzing the spirit of sports through the theoretical frameworks of Althusser and Žižek, this study explores how sports act as ideological state apparatuses (AIEs), shaping and being shaped by the prevailing economic and social structures. The core argument posits that the spirit of sports is both a reflection of and a contributor to the ideological superstructures that define different historical epochs. The analysis highlights the transition from viewing sports as communal and ritualistic engagements to mechanisms of capitalist ideology, emphasizing competition and profit. Through this historical and ideological critique, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the spirit of sports, challenging traditional perspectives that isolate sports from their socio-economic and ideological contexts. The findings suggest that any discussion about the spirit of sports, particularly in anti-doping debates, must consider the broader ideological forces at play, thereby opening pathways for a more nuanced understanding of sports ethics.

Integrating Classical Yoga and Modern Psychology: Insights from Neuroimaging and AI on Mind Transformation

Yoga is traditionally understood as a holistic practice that integrates physical, mental, and spiritual development. This paper explores how classical yoga concepts align with modern psychological research, emphasizing insights gained through neuroimaging and artificial intelligence (AI). By analyzing the stages of the mind, its modifications, and psychological afflictions from both traditional and contemporary perspectives, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of yoga’s impact on mental and emotional transformation. The integration of neuroimaging techniques and AI tools offers new ways to examine and enhance the efficacy of yoga practices in promoting mental clarity and emotional well-being.

Leading by Example: Supervisor Downward Feedback Seeking, Power Distance, and the Implications for the Feedback Environment

This study explores the relationship between supervisors’ feedback-seeking behavior (FSB) and (1) employees’ FSB and (2) employees’ perceptions of the feedback environment. It examines the moderating role of power distance perceptions in order to study FSB in high power distance contexts. Participants were asked to track feedback exchanges with their supervisor over a two-week period. Surveying 273 employees across 32 diverse organizations, the study reveals a positive correlation between supervisors’ FSB and employees’ FSB and their perceptions of the feedback environment. Employees seemed to mimic their supervisors’ seeking behaviors, emphasizing the importance of positive role modeling. Importantly, the relationship was more pronounced when power distance was high, indicating the significance of supervisors’ FSB in such contexts. The study challenges the traditional employee-centered perspective on FSB by focusing on FSB by individuals in leadership positions. Based on these findings, organizations can develop training interventions that encourage supervisors to model effective behaviors.

Exploring Chinese Tourists’ Well-Being Through a Confucian Lens: A Multi-Focal Model

ABSTRACT Despite exponential growth in research interest in the psychological benefits derived from travel experiences, existing conceptualizations of well-being in tourism predominantly adopt Western perspectives. This conceptual paper proposes a multifocal model for understanding tourist well-being through a Confucian lens. By comparing the five cardinal Confucian virtues with Aristotelian well-being perspectives, this multidimensional framework integrates traditional and modern well-being insights, depicting eleven dimensions of Chinese tourists’ psychological well-being. This manuscript contributes a multi-focal model of Chinese tourist well-being, which extends the traditional one-dimensional Confucian perspectives on well-being toward a two-dimensional framework which includes eudaimonic and hedonic aspects. Future studies should conduct empirical work designed to clarify conceptual and terminological ambiguity and advance discourse on the integration of Eastern perspectives into the study of tourist well-being.

How are Schools Producing Certain Forms of Regulated Sexualities in China?

This paper will discuss how sexuality is constructed in China. It begins by outlining how deep-rooted Chinese traditional culture affects women’s position by drawing on the Foucaultian ‘power-knowledge-body’ model. It is argued that in China, women are more likely to be positioned as subordinate through disciplines, presenting patriarchal power. It then proceeds to present the influence of power relations in different forms: at the level of teenage sexuality through institutional regulations, at the level of girls’ bodies, and in the realm of traditional gendered perspectives.

Cross-Cultural Career Paths: Analyzing Traditional and Boundaryless Orientations Among Expatriates in Saudi Arabia's Banking Sector

This study aimed to investigate differences in dominant career orientations between self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) and company-assigned expatriates (AEs). Schein’s career model provides a theoretical framework to investigate differences in career preferences and orientations between SIEs and AEs. This paper builds career constructs by dividing the eight career anchors into two groups (boundaryless and traditional-oriented anchors). The career anchor model is used to investigate if a comparable sample of SIEs and AEs drawn from the banking sector in Saudi Arabia exhibits traditional and/or boundaryless career orientations. A between-subjects design was used, and MANOVA was used to analyze data from 418 expatriates working within the Saudi banking sector to understand how the career orientations of SIEs and AEs differ. Compared to AEs, SIEs were found to be more oriented to traditional career anchors characterized by technical/functional competence and security/stability. This study makes an important contribution to existing knowledge on SIE orientations by identifying differences that exist between traditional and boundaryless careers. The findings reveal differences between SIEs and AEs regarding their technical/functional competence, security/stability, lifestyle, and pure challenge career anchors. Managers need to use bespoke HRM policies and procedures to cater to the career orientation of each expatriate cohort accordingly. This quantitative study reveals factors that impact organizationally and individually managed careers in different directions. Therefore, this study presents a clear distinction between the two career orientations and argues that they can be viewed through the lenses of boundaryless and/or traditional career perspectives.

북·중 관계에서 나타난 균열(龜裂)과 북한의 대미 외교 행태

The purpose of this article is to analyze the cracks in North Korea and China’s relationship in the process of regressing from the “blood alliance” between North Korea and China to the “strategic relationship” and the factors that attempt to “stabilize the system” through North Korea-U.S. relations. Existing studies tend to analyze relations between North Korea and China from a traditional perspective, such as “blood alliance” and “pureness.” However, North Korea’s three hereditary successions and aggressive diplomacy by China’s “Xijinping leadership” are impossible to use strategic “use” centered on each country’s interests. China has maintained relations with the view that stability and peace in the region are in its interest and “maintain the status quo,” or manage and attract North Korea’s instability factors. It also maximizes its interests by using the North Korean issue and two Korean Peninsula strategies as a minefield for negotiations with the United States.

Social Ecologies in Court

Rather than explore personal identity from the perspective of Western philosophical traditions—which tend to regard ‘persons’ as human individuals endowed with reason, as the likes of Aristotle and John Locke would have it—this article will introduce personhood as a state of being that is, at once, variegated, culturally constructed, and notably interspecies. By drawing on three ethnographic case studies (North India, Papua New Guinea, and the Amazon), it will outline some of the ways in which ‘persons’ are shaped and reshaped through shared meaningful interactions with(in) their natural environments, hence understood differently from one culture to another. In doing so, it will show how anthropology’s distinct way of accounting for and championing cultural heterogeneity (i.e., through ‘intercultural-glocal glasses’) can bolster religious studies, for as much as the former challenges Eurocentric assumptions that have beset the latter, usually expressed as dyadic categories (e.g., human- and other-than-human entities). I propose that this cross-disciplinary dialogue—seeking to heed pluri-ontological deixis, or bringing multiple voices and life-worlds to the deliberating table—is a timely methodological move for diversifying beyond the apodictic propositions held about personhood, not only in religious studies, but also in legislative frameworks more widely.

A composite testing method of homologous magnetic flux leakage and motion-induced eddy current for inner and outer defects

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing, widely utilized for pipeline integrity assessments due to its efficiency and accuracy, is often challenged by motion-induced eddy currents (MIEC) that can distort MFL signals. Contrary to traditional perspectives that consider MIEC as detrimental, this paper introduces a novel MFL-MIEC composite testing method. This method leverages MIEC as a complementary technique while sharing the same excitation source. By exploring the generation and influence of MIEC on MFL signals, we simulate optimal probe positions and analyze the effects of defect position, angle, and detection speed on signal quality. Adjustments in the detection coils orientation are shown to enhance signal strength, demonstrating the methods effectiveness in identifying pipeline defects through practical experiments. This approach offers significant potential for widespread application in pipeline assessments.

An Idea of Taxation: The Perspective Of The Islamic Tradition

An Idea of Taxation: The Perspective Of The Islamic Tradition

Extending the process frontier of digital transformation: A flow‐oriented perspective

AbstractStrong interest in digital transformation to increase business value calls for new and improved theorising of the digital transformation process. Traditional perspectives fail to address the complex socio‐technological challenges and entanglement of actions at multiple levels that characterise the process. This research adopts a flow‐oriented perspective to extend the process frontier of digital transformation. This entails analysing the lines of action that intertwine to form storylines of digital transformation. Drawing on a multilevel longitudinal qualitative study, the research offers three valuable contributions: First, the paper advances the discourse on digital transformation by introducing the heretofore unrecognised phenomenon of transitional moments. Second, by introducing a novel taxonomy for lines of action, the paper demonstrates the evolving nature of the digital transformation process, surpassing conventional rational‐system model interpretations. These two contributions broaden the process frontier of digital transformation by underscoring the dynamic and continuous nature of digital transformation, emphasising its non‐linear progression, and rejecting the notion of an idealised direct path to a predefined goal. These two additions to the digital transformation discourse lay the foundations for our third contribution, which is a set of proposed research approaches for future investigations into digital transformation, regardless of research focus, phenomena, or domain.

Exploring the Unexpected: the Relationship Between Higher Family Income and Dropout Risk

This study investigates the paradoxical influence of family income on school dropout risks among Brazilian public-school students. Discussing previous results that challenges traditional perspectives on school dropout by examining how students from higher family income show higher dropout risk. We hypothesize that this is due to flexible capitalism changes in our societies labor market and to the devaluation of schools as a meaningful place for student’s life projects. Analyzing data from 15,924 Brazilian high school and middle school students using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and univariate models, the study reveals that students from higher-income families are more likely to drop out when they perceive school as less relevant for their future careers. This unexpected finding suggests that, unlike most literature on this field, higher income students might be at greater risk of dropout due to the pressure to enter the workforce and the perceived lack of school's alignment with their career aspirations. This study contributes to the understanding of school dropout in the global south, proposing the need for educational reforms that align with contemporary labor market realities.

Exploring factors influencing sustainable human capital development: Insights from Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the critical factors influencing Saudi Arabia's sustainable human capital development. It primarily aims to explore the correlations among the postulated variables and how each variable influences the development of a skilled, adaptable, and socially conscious workforce, in alignment with the objectives of the Saudi Vision 2030. This study utilizes a quantitative approach, employing partial least squares structural equation modeling to analyze the data collected from 203 public personnel in Saudi Arabia through an online questionnaire. The findings reveal that training, community engagement, institutional support, and technology integration are essential in sustainable human capital development. However, learning, education, and access to resources were not statistically significant and did not improve sustainable human capital development in Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore the significance of an educational framework that transcends traditional perspectives, focusing on not only academic preparation but also the holistic development of individuals. This study contributes to understanding how training, community engagement, institutional support, and technology integration are transformative in shaping the future of Saudi Arabia by nurturing a skilled, adaptable, and socially responsible citizenry.

Printed Riddles in Early Modern Italy: Traditional Perspectives and New Approaches

The purpose of the article is to draw attention to Italian riddles of the Renaissance. This publishing and literary genre has been studied especially from ethnological or literary perspectives. What is completely lacking, however, are studies that deal with how this literature was produced, how it circulated and who printed it. These perspectives are highly relevant: they make us realise that such texts were not only produced by the likes of Cervantes, Bembo or Shakespeare, but that riddles were often written, performed and printed by men who are now forgotten, sometimes not fully literate and often not from elites. The intention here is to place these writings in a methodological and historiographical framework that may lead to more in-depth study in the future.

Unboxing the child influencer paradoxes: a research agenda

ABSTRACT Child toy unboxers unintentionally and intentionally participate in paradoxical practices. The child influencer industry, shaped by ideological conflicts, is a foreign topic in the marketing domain despite its popularity. Drawing upon paradox theory, this conceptual article investigates three main paradoxes of child toy unboxers by addressing the following research questions: What are the paradoxical tensions that manifest in child toy unboxing industry? What research directions will prove fruitful for advancing our understanding of these paradoxical tensions and its implications for child toy unboxing marketing? Departing from the traditional perspective that positions opposite elements as separate and exclusive worlds, the disposition of these paradoxes provides new insights into the complex world of child influencers. This paper presents new research prospects and implications that promote socially responsible child influencer marketing.

Porn for the blind: Accessibility to pornography for visually impaired and blind users

This article addresses the overlooked issue of accessibility in pornography for the blind and visually impaired, emphasizing the technical challenges involved. Focusing on audio descriptions as a key element, the paper explores the struggle of conveying emotional and sensory aspects in a purely aural context. Existing platforms are analyzed, revealing the lack of universal standards and quality control for audio-described porn, and the complexity in creating a coherent broadcast in absence of guidelines. The paper suggests a shift from traditional technical perspectives and recommends user testing with the visually impaired community for feedback. Logistical challenges, including finding willing performers and supporters, are acknowledged. The methodology involves analytical studies, aiming to uncover discrepancies in audio standards and proposing optimization strategies. This scholarly pursuit posits collaborative endeavors as a catalyst for augmenting inclusivity, equality, and sexual well-being for the visually impaired individuals within the pornography milieu.

Covalent Interactions of Anthocyanins with Proteins: Activity-Based Protein Profiling of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside.

Anthocyanins are common natural pigments with a variety of physiological activities. Traditional perspectives attribute their molecular mechanism to noncovalent interactions influencing signaling pathways. However, this ignores the nature of its benzopyrylium skeleton, which readily reacts with the electron-rich groups of proteins. Here, we modified cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) via activity-based protein profiling technology by our previous synthesis route and prepared the covalent binding probe (C3G-Probe) and the noncovalent photoaffinity probe (C3G-Diazirine). The properties of C3G's covalent binding to proteins were also discovered by comparing the labeling of the two probes to the whole HepG2 cell proteome. We further explored its target proteins and enriched pathways in HepG2 and HeLa cells. Western blot analysis further confirmed the covalent binding of C3G to four target proteins: insulin-degrading enzyme, metal cation symporter ZIP14, spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein, and Cystatin-B. Pathway analysis showed that covalent targets of C3G were concentrated in metabolic pathways and several ribonucleoprotein complexes that were also coenriched. The results of this study provide new insights into the interaction of the naturally active molecule C3G with proteins.

A new microscopic traffic-flow model based on the spatiotemporal continuous system concept considering nonlinear human response

A brand-new traffic model is introduced to precisely simulate the individual movement of vehicles, departing from the traditional macroscopic perspective (Eulerian scope or fluid dynamics concept) to adopt a microscopic approach (Lagrangian scope). This model is built on the first principle of Newton’s kinetic equation, explicitly incorporating nonlinear relations to represent human responses to a physical stimulus (observed information), such as the velocity gap between one’s own vehicle and a certain targeted one or the gap to a preceding vehicle, unlike the conventional car-following concept. The model posits that a driver’s recognition occurs intermittently rather than continuously, following specific probabilistic distributions of which the formulation is physically justified. Overall, the model can be described as a spatiotemporally continuous formulation unlike cellular automaton (CA) traffic models, crucial for capturing traffic dynamics at the micro and macro levels. The model is validated using a real traffic-flow dataset from a highway, and the results of the conventional CA traffic model are compared with those of the present one” along with a note for authorial verification. Animated simulations confirm that the present model can reproduce realistic flow dynamics characterized by smoother acceleration and deceleration compared to the conventional CA traffic model. The complete simulation source code for replicating the model is made publicly available.

Navigating Doshapaka and Dhatupaka in Health and Disease Across Traditional and Modern Perspectives.

In Ayurvedic classics, Rogapariksha i.e.,Pancha-Nidana which has encompasses five aspects of clinical diagnosis viz.,Hetu (etiological considerations), Poorva-rupa (prodromal symptoms), Rupa (clinical features), Samprapti (patho-physiological processes), and Upashaya-anupashaya (therapeutic diagnostics). Review: Doshapaka is a stage which is favorable for the treatment of diseases. This is because ama is separated from the doshas in this condition. The doshas get digested, the vitiation of doshas get settled down. The doshas which have got dissociated from ama either tend to become normal or start moving towards visceral organs. Dhatupaka is a pathological and unfavorable condition of body, it is a condition in which tissues are severely destructed in quick time. This leads to manifestation of many diseases and loss of immunity and strength. Conclusion: The knowledge of Doshapaka helps a physician in preventing errors while treating the Doshic conditions, administering cleansing. Knowledge of tissue destruction and suppuration would help physician to diagnose this condition as early as possible, support tissues with tissue forming and balancing intervetions and also to save life of patient.

The Compassion-Centered Model and Its Constructive Role in the Formation of a Healthy Society in the Light of

Compassion is kindness rooted in appreciation of other human beings as real human beings. Research has been done on these important and constructive educational models of kindness and their constructive role in the formation of a healthy society in the light of the Prophet's way of life. Kindness is one of the important issues. In the field of community education, we can mention skills and characteristics that play a significant role in individual and social relationships based on kindness and attention to people's needs and problems and creating solidarity and responsibility of community members. Although the role of kindness as an educational model in the society has been neglected in the present era, the Quran and hadiths have mentioned it as a source of guidance and human education. This research investigates the concept of compassion and its educational effects from the perspective of the prophetic tradition with a descriptive-analytical method in order to investigate the characteristics and skills of compassion and its educational effects in the fields of belief, emotion, emotional and moral, in individual and social axes, and the culture of compassion to grow in society and focus on it. The results of the research show that compassion is one of the effective and useful personal and social traits that causes the mutual influence of people on each other in the direction of a better life and healing of the soul and spirit. And still, compassion is a set of qualities and skills and has a concept more than kindness and compassion. If after discussion and investigation it can be said that compassion is a person's relationship with God and man himself and It places society and people on the basis of monotheistic belief, love, responsibility, sympathy and empathy. According to this compassion, it has several basic educational roles, including seeing God as present and watching in all stages of life, and seeing Him as the agent of receiving mercy and guidance; And also controlling emotions and feelings and managing human interactions with others and protecting and relieving humans from the pains and pains of others and being kind to them and creating a platform for creating mutual love and good interaction in the community and these are reasons for being human and Muslim. We should keep this religious and human duty alive in our minds so that we can have a society free from unkindness.