The chances of school success and education are not equally shared at every step of the school curse, between the various social classes, the children belonging to the poorer classes being left behind or excluded. Agricultural Wage-earners and farmers' children are the most disadvantaged by the school system ; a peasant origine seems to increase the handicaps. This situation is probably the consequence of both the actual constraint hanging on young countrymen and the reticence of the traditional peasant society toward school. The evolution of the peasant society does not inevitably entail a change in the attitude of all the social groups that form it towards school ; the development of an innovating attitude depends on the social structure of the village community.