Traditional Online Research Articles

Reaching Youth Smokers Through a Multipronged Approach: Comparison of Three Recruitment Methods of a Youth Quitline in Hong Kong

PurposeUsing multipronged recruitment strategies is crucial for reaching diverse smokers, yet research specifically focusing on youths is lacking. This prospective study compared the characteristics and abstinence outcomes of youth smokers enrolled in a youth-centered cessation service by three different methods. MethodsFrom December 2016 to February 2022, the Youth Quitline enrolled 1,197 smokers aged 10–25 (mean = 19.4) years through traditional method (incoming calls or referrals, n = 276), proactive outreach (n = 735), and online method (website or social media platforms, n = 186). Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of biochemically validated tobacco abstinence at 6 months by recruitment methods. ResultsProportionally more participants recruited via online method than traditional method and outreach had moderate to heavy nicotine dependence (53.2% vs. 40.9% vs. 27.6%, p < .001), poor self-rated health (27.6% vs. 21.9% vs. 12.3%, p < .001), and risk of depression (51.4% vs. 42.5% vs. 37.4%, p = .003). More participants recruited by outreach (71.6%) had no intention to quit in 30 days than traditional (58.3%) and online (59.7%) methods (p < .001). Compared with traditional method, the 6-month validated abstinence rate was similar in smokers recruited by online method (crude OR 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.44–1.34) but significantly lower in those recruited by outreach (crude OR 0.44, 95% confidence interval 0.28–0.67). Results were similar after adjusting for sociodemographic and baseline predictors of abstinence. DiscussionOnline recruitment can attract youth smokers with greater nicotine dependence and poorer health, whereas outreach can engage those with less motivation to quit. The lower quit rate in outreach-recruited participants indicated the need for more effective interventions.

Mobile Learning and Resource Sharing Mode of College English Translation Based on 5G Mobile Communication Technology

The application of 5G and other mobile communication technologies to education and teaching, and the construction of College English Translation mobile learning and resource sharing model and related models have important scientific value and significance for the effective organization and management of learning resources and the improvement of the speed and efficiency of college english translation resource retrieval. This research mainly combines the characteristics of complementarity and expansion of mobile learning technology for traditional online learning technology. Based on Moodle online teaching platform, this research develops a mobile learning and resource sharing mode for college english translation based on 5G mobile communication technology, designs and implements a mobile learning model based on Moodle platform, and designs the system architecture, functional modules, learning mode and learning process, Finally, the main functional modules of the system model are implemented and tested. To promote mobile learning in the teaching field to play a helping role in a wide range. The experimental results show that the AKAZE algorithm is used to optimize the model, and the overall accuracy rate reaches 74.7%, and the test probability value P (siq)=0.00, which is significantly less than the significant level of 0.05. Therefore, we believe that the application of mobile learning instructional design mode will help students improve their academic performance.

‘Defacing’ in photography and ‘blocking’ on social media: changing ways of navigating personal memories

This paper focuses on how individuals cut out unwanted members from their social circles, as seen in photo albums, and how this compares to practices on digital platforms. The study reflects on two distinct practices: ‘Defacing in photography’ as the practice of manipulation, distortion, and defacement of analogue photographs, and ‘blocking on social media’ as the practice of decision-making and content management on digital platforms, and discusses the similarities and discrepancies between them. Research draws on both in-depth analysis of various visual texts and structured interviews conducted with 22 participants of various ages, genders, and cultural backgrounds in relation to their personal experiences of these two acts. The findings show acts of defacing and blocking are often driven by desires for self-empowerment, self-awareness, and self-defense. The study draws attention to the coexistence of both restrictive and liberating potentials in the acts of defacing and blocking. The article proposes that, through its engagement with these two distinct acts of negation, individuals develop tailored strategies to satisfy their emotional requirements when interacting with traditional photographs and online social networks.

Sanhua Tang protects against ischemic stroke by preventing blood-brain barrier injury: a network pharmacology and experiments.

To assess the effect and mechanism of Sanhua Tang (, SHT) in treating ischemic stroke (IS) through the "Kaitong Xuanfu" theory by using network pharmacology and animal experiments. The active ingredients and targets of SHT and IS were screened by public databases such as Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology, GeneCards, and online mendelian inheritance in man. Visual network topographies were constructed using R, Cytoscape 3.6.0, AutoDockTools, a user-sponsored molecular visualization system on an open-source foundation, and other software to analyze the correlation between targets and active ingredients. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established by operation. Animals were divided into the Sham group, MCAO group (M group), aloe-emodin (AE) group (MCAO rats treated with aloe-emodin), SHT at low dosage (SL group) (MCAO rats treated with SL), SHT at medium dosage (SM group), and SHT at high dosage (SH group). 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction; Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology of neuronal cells; transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB); enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the content of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum. Western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein in the cerebral ischemic penumbra. Using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation, four active ingredients (lignan, naringenin, aloe-rhodopsin, and β-sitosterol), seven target proteins (protein kinase b 1, IL-6, TNF, VEGFA, TP53, jun proto-oncogene, and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3), and inflammatory signaling pathways were identified. Animal experiments showed that the SH and AE groups had fewer neurological deficits, reduced brain infarct volumes, decreased serum inflammatory factor levels, increased expression of VEGFA protein, and less structural damage to neurons and BBB. The present study found that the therapeutic mechanism of SHT against IS may be related to the inhibition of BBB inflammatory damage, which is also the mechanism of "Kaitong Xuanfu." The high-dose group of SHT was relatively effective in regulating inflammatory factors, improving BBB permeability, and protecting neuronal cells from damage.

Can the AI tools ChatGPT and Bard generate energy, macro- and micro-nutrient sufficient meal plans for different dietary patterns?

Artificial intelligence chatbots based on large language models have recently emerged as an alternative to traditional online searches and are also entering the nutrition space. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether the artificial intelligence chatbots ChatGPT and Bard (now Gemini) can create meal plans that meet the dietary reference intake (DRI) for different dietary patterns. We further hypothesized that nutritional adequacy could be improved by modifying the prompts used. Meal plans were generated by 3 accounts for different dietary patterns (omnivorous, vegetarian, and vegan) using 2 distinct prompts resulting in 108 meal plans total. The nutrient content of the plans was subsequently analyzed and compared to the DRIs. On average, the meal plans contained less energy and carbohydrates but mostly exceeded the DRI for protein. Vitamin D and fluoride fell below the DRI for all plans, whereas only the vegan plans contained insufficient vitamin B12. ChatGPT suggested using vitamin B12 supplements in 5 of 18 instances, whereas Bard never recommended supplements. There were no significant differences between the prompts or the tools. Although the meal plans generated by ChatGPT and Bard met most DRIs, there were some exceptions, particularly for vegan diets. These tools maybe useful for individuals looking for general dietary inspiration, but they should not be relied on to create nutritionally adequate meal plans, especially for individuals with restrictive dietary needs.

A comparative study of critical thinking implementation in face-to-face and online classrooms: Medical students’ critical thinking and reading comprehension

Background: The enhancement of critical thinking (CT) is an essential goal in the educational strategic framework of medical universities across the globe. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to evaluate the competence in CT abilities as well as the inclination of medical students to actively participate in CT practices. Moreover, educational decision-makers believe that granting medical students the opportunity to utilize technology can enhance their academic performance and stimulate their CT ability level. Hence, this research aimed to compare the influence of implementing a CT framework in traditional classroom settings and online platforms on the CT and reading comprehension of medical students. Methods: Over four months, two groups of 60 medical students (30 students in each group) were exposed to two environments of face-to-face and online English language instruction. The current quasi-experimental study was conducted at a general English language classroom, situated in Islamic Azad University, Kerman branch. Pre-tests and post-tests of CT and reading comprehension were used to measure learners’ improvements in CT and reading comprehension levels before and after the project. Results: The results of this study showed some improvements in the CT and reading comprehension abilities of both face-to-face and online groups (P&lt;0.01). However, the improvements were particularly noticeable in the online group regarding the reading comprehension (M=17.98) and CT (M=107.462) variables compared to the face-to-face group (M=11.39) and (M=51.438). Conclusion: Medical education experts strongly believe that developing and nurturing CT skills among medical students is crucial for improving the overall quality of medical education. In today’s globalized era, the importance of CT cannot be overstated, as it equips students with essential skills needed to navigate complex challenges. Integrating CT into online learning environments is a testament to the progressive nature of medical education in the modern world.

Research on the Network Communication Path of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture under the Condition of Informatization

Chinese excellent traditional culture has a profound heritage and is the source of strength for firm cultural confidence in the new era. In the context of the increasingly blurred boundaries of globalization, how to make good use of the new media tools in the trend of Information to popularize the Chinese excellent traditional culture is worthy of consideration and has research significance. Starting from the origin of culture, this paper focuses on analyzing and studying the characteristics of today s culture and the main forms and problems of Chinese excellent traditional culture network communication under the condition of Information, and explores the optimization of the path of Chinese excellent traditional culture network communication from the aspects of platform interaction, content creation, digital addition, public participation, etc. in order to provide useful references for the new era of giving full play to the positive energy of Chinese excellent traditional culture and enhancing the cultural confidence of Chinese people. In order to optimize the path of Chinese excellent traditional culture online communication in the new era and enhance the cultural self-confidence of Chinese people.

Novel online portfolio selection algorithm using deep sequence features and reversal information

Computational finance combines machine learning with financial needs to provide more efficient solutions for investment analysis and automated trading. In previous studies, traditional online portfolio selection (OLPS) algorithms were found to be overly reliant on artificially designed, subjective financial features. To address this issue, we propose a new predictive price tracking algorithm based on deep sequence features and reversal information (DSF-RI-PPT) for OLPS, extending a hybrid stock prediction algorithm to a multi-asset trading algorithm. We respectively employ the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms and long short-term memory (LSTM) network to perform decomposition, feature extraction and prediction on financial data. Further, we supplement the reversal information by modifying the predicted prices with a reversal indicator-rate of change (ROC). Finally, we introduce a fast error back-propagation algorithm to integrate the predictive information into the investment ratio using gradient projection. Through empirical comparison and statistic analysis of the DSF-RI-PPT algorithm, price-tracking algorithms with similar prediction models, and nine classic OLPS algorithms in nine portfolio data sets under three financial indexes, it can be found that the DSF-RI-PPT algorithm is profitable and generalizable.

Optimizing Readability of Patient-Facing Hand Surgery Education Materials Using Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer 3.5

To address patient health literacy, the American Medical Association and the National Institutes of Health recommend that readability of patient education materials should not exceed an eighth grade reading level. However, patient-facing materials often remain above the recommended average reading level. Current online calculators provide readability scores; however, they lack the ability to provide text-specific feedback, which may streamline the process of simplifying patient materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) 3.5 as a tool for optimizing patient-facing hand surgery education materials through reading level analysis and simplification. The readability of 18 patient-facing hand surgery education materials was compared by a traditional online calculator for reading level and ChatGPT 3.5. The original excerpts were then entered into ChatGPT 3.5 and simplified by the artificial intelligence tool. The simplified excerpts were scored by the same calculators. The readability scores for the original excerpts from the online calculator and ChatGPT 3.5 were similar. The simplified excerpts' scores were lower than the originals, with a mean of 7.28, less than the maximum recommended8. The use of ChatGPT 3.5 for the purpose of simplification and readability analysis of patient-facing hand surgery materials is efficient and may help facilitate the conveyance of important health information. ChatGPT 3.5 rendered readability scores comparable with traditional readability calculators, in addition to excerpt-specific feedback. It was also able to simplify materials to the recommended grade levels. By confirming ChatGPT3.5's ability to assess and simplify patient education materials, this study offers a practical solution for potentially improving patient comprehension, engagement, and health outcomes in clinical settings.

Data-driven offline reinforcement learning approach for quadrotor’s motion and path planning

Non-learning based motion and path planning of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is faced with low computation efficiency, mapping memory occupation and local optimization problems. This article investigates the challenge of quadrotor control using offline reinforcement learning. By establishing a data-driven learning paradigm that operates without real-environment interaction, the proposed workflow offers a safer approach than traditional reinforcement learning, making it particularly suited for UAV control in industrial scenarios. The introduced algorithm evaluates dataset uncertainty and employs a pessimistic estimation to foster offline deep reinforcement learning. Experiments highlight the algorithm’s superiority over traditional online reinforcement learning methods, especially when learning from offline datasets. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the importance of a more general behavior policy. In evaluations, the trained policy demonstrated versatility by adeptly navigating diverse obstacles, underscoring its real-world applicability.

MEDIATING FINANCIAL AND HSE ROLES IN RISK MANAGEMENT IMPACT ON MYANMAR CONSTRUCTION SUCCESS

This study seeks to examine the effects of risk management strategies on the success of construction projects in Myanmar, a country with a rapidly expanding construction industry that has received little scholarly attention. Using a combination of traditional paper-based surveys and online questionnaires, a comprehensive dataset has been compiled for this study. The participants, which included project managers, project engineers, safety engineers, financial experts, and project proprietors, played a crucial role in providing diverse perspectives. From the initial sample of 500 questionnaires, a response rate of 84.6 percent yielded 397 valid responses. Using Smart PLS as a data analysis instrument, the study deconstructed risk management into its fundamental components: identification, analysis, response, and monitoring. In addition to the immediate effects, the study reveals the intermediate roles played by financial performance and Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) issues. The findings indicate a correlation between the implementation of effective risk management strategies and the overall success of construction projects. The intermediate effect of financial performance and HSE performance strengthens the relationship between these variables. This research offers significant academic and practical insights by providing evidence-based strategies to improve risk management practices in Myanmar's rapidly developing construction industry.

플랫폼법의 입법논의에 관한 고찰

Today, as online platform transactions become active, there is an urgent need for new legislation, tentatively known as the Online Platform Act, to regulate illegal activities of business operators that undermine fairness on online platforms and provide effective protection for consumers. This is because, even though traditional online commerce has become widespread as an online platform transaction, the E-Commerce Act, which was enacted and implemented 20 years ago, is still applied. In enacting the Online Platform Competition Promotion Act, the Fair Trade Commission is trying to introduce a pre-designation system that intensively regulates large operators through pre-designation of ‘dominant online platform operators’, which is receiving backlash from the platform industry. In other words, the government is trying to ban unfair practices such as preferential treatment and multi-homing restrictions by dominant operators by introducing this pre-designation system in the new Online Platform Act. The Fair Trade Commission’s legislative direction to pre-designate platform operators such as Google and Naver as dominant operators in order to regulate large platform operators has been disclosed, but the specific details of the bill have not yet been disclosed. In general, the key contents will be the regulation of unfair practices by platform operators, consumer protection, and designation of platform dominant operators. Through this legislation on the Online Platform Act, we will quickly respond to illegal acts in the platform market, thereby increasing the preventive effect. In addition, this will alleviate the economic burden on small business owners and consumers in the platform market, while revitalizing the market entry and activities of platform operators such as startups, which will lead to innovation and strengthening of competitiveness in the platform industry. In any case, although the industry is protesting against the pre-designation of the platform dominant operator, we hope that a more thorough review will be conducted and the legislation will be completed by reflecting the opinions of the platform industry as much as possible.

Theory-Guided Multiclass Text Classification in Online Academic Discussions

ABSTRACT Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) provide significant opportunities to enhance our understanding of idea generation in asynchronous online discussions (AODs). Drawing on the interaction analysis model (IAM) as our theoretical framework, we built one baseline ML and three DL systems to automate message classification when assessing collaborative knowledge construction depth in academic AODs. The viability of these systems was demonstrated via four offerings of a traditional online course. We achieved 79% as the highest overall accuracy score across all phases of the IAM. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to classify AOD messages across all IAM phases. We contribute to the theory by updating the IAM to better explain how to promote deeper interactions in AODs. Additionally, we provide a methodological blueprint for future research where classifying text is crucial.

Research on the Application of VR Technology based on Human Posture Recognition in Online Physical Education

Offline and current online physical education classes are characterized by low learning efficiency and poor teaching quality. To solve this problem, the study combines a dynamic time regularization algorithm and local image feature action recognition with virtual technology, which is applied to online teaching to improve teaching quality. Experimental results indicate that the overall model accuracy reaches more than 94%, and in the public dataset MSR, the model accuracy reaches 91.4%. In the UTK dataset, the accuracy reaches 85.8%. When the accuracy of pose recognition is compared, the research model is superior to the two traditional models. The validation results against KNN and SVM are 62% and 71% as well as 79% and 84%, respectively, and the experimental results of the research model have improved by 9% and 5%. The research technique achieves an overall fit of more than 90% for different parts in the analysis of motion capture, which is superior to the traditional online instruction. The overall teaching satisfaction reaches more than 93.5% in the comparison of online physical education courses with offline courses. In summary, the optimized and improved posture recognition system is better for human motion capture, and the applied virtual technology can effectively improve the learning effect and teaching quality of online physical education courses.

Teachers’ Facebook rebellion groups: sites for professional collegial deliberation?

ABSTRACT This study examines conversations in a Swedish teachers’ School Rebellion (SR) group on Facebook, a group that attracts members who wish to engage in activism for a different and better Swedish school system and improved conditions for teachers. The phenomenon of teachers’ Rebellion Facebook groups is relatively new. It has emerged in several countries over the past decade and clearly differs from traditional online teacher collaboration and professional development groups. Placing the Swedish SR initiative in the context of discussions on changing teacher professionalism over the last decade, the aim of this study is to examine what content is given presence in SR posts and how it is discussed by members, and to determine the extent to which the communication between the participating teachers has the potential to strengthen collective professionalism. To this end, curriculum theory and the concept of deliberative communication are combined to address questions of content and various relations between actors and levels, such as power and responsibility issues. The analysis shows that many topics related to teaching and education appear in the conversations, deliberative approaches vary from what is termed pre-deliberative to deliberative and even counter-deliberative. Although all participants have a voice, the administrators’ role is shown to be of special interest. Based on these findings, the administrators’ responsibility to maintain professional collegial deliberation is discussed as a complex mission of deliberation over political, pedagogical, and practical issues.

Analysis of the efficiency of theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquisition by intern doctors using the “Body Interact” virtual patient simulator in the conditions of today’s challenges

The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquisition by intern doctors using the body interact virtual patient simulator in distance (offline) and traditional (online) form of education. Materials and methods. The study involved 22 interns in the second year of study of the specialty “Internal Diseases”. 17 of them studied in offline format, 5 – in distance (online) format. The efficiency of theoretical knowledge acquisition was evaluated based on the results of the Integrated License exam “KROK 3. General Medical Training”. The efficiency of practical skills acquisition was determined by passing scenarios of providing medical care using the virtual patient simulator “Body Interact”. Results. It has been established that the effectiveness of traditional (offline) and distance (online) learning is comparable in terms of theoretical knowledge acquisition which is evidenced by the comparative results of passing the Integrated License exam “KROK 3. General Medical Training”. The results of passing the state license integrated exam “KROK 3. General medical training” and the virtual patient “Body Interact” had no correlation, which indicates the insufficient representativeness of the test assessment regarding the practical skills acquisition. Traditional (offline) learning is more effective in practical skills acquisition, which is confirmed by the better results of passing scenarios of providing medical care using the virtual patient program “Body Interact” in the group of traditional form of education compared to the group of online learning. Conclusions. Utilizing virtual patient simulation technology such as “Body Interact” in the training of intern doctors not only enhances the acquisition of theoretical educational material but also offers an opportunity to practice practical skills. This is particularly valuable in light of resource constraints resulting from COVID-19 and martial law. Implementing the “Body Interact” virtual patient technology into daily educational practices, especially in the context of distance learning, is advisable.

Online discussion or authentic dialogue? How design affects discussions in two alternative types of online forums

AbstractAuthentic dialogue demands that we respond, interpret and sometimes disagree with others' ideas—a key component of participation in a democratic society. Yet the sharing and uptake of different ideas can be hampered by traditional online platforms which divide students into isolated threads. To tackle this issue, we introduce two novel online forums designed to foster engagement and idea exchange: a linear chat, akin to SMS, and a collaborative writing forum we call CREW. Seventy‐three graduate students, divided into 18 small groups, tested these forums. We used discourse analysis to measure idea uptake and other dialogic features. From this analysis, seven discussions emerged as particularly interactive and engaging, exhibiting a high uptake‐to‐turn ratio. We noticed linear chat encouraged a high proportion of uptake, but also produced ‘tangles’—breaks in related post chains. CREW discussions sparked similar engagement but resolved most tangles since they required a collaborative written response. This study offers fresh insights in both research and teaching for improving online discussions. Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic A vital practice for scholarly dialogue and democratic discourse is uptake: building on what others have written or said. Instead of encouraging uptake of others' words and ideas, typical online discussions in Learning Management Systems (LMSs) can inadvertently isolate students in separate threads. What this paper adds We introduce and analyse two new, innovative types of online discussions that may encourage more uptake of others' words and ideas. To eliminate isolation and encourage uptake, a linear chat forum makes all posts visible, but may produce interruptions, or ‘tangles’. A forum that includes collaborative responsive writing requires participants to converge on a collective response, encouraging dialogue and overcoming tangles. Implications for practice/policy Teachers and other stakeholders might consider how discussion forum designs in LMSs can support or limit authentic dialogue. Practitioners might consider how to incorporate deliberation about a shared focus into online discussions. Instructors might avoid tangles by aligning assignment purposes with dialogic principles: posing authentic questions that invite multiple interpretations and require uptake of others' responses.

Qualitative research in the metaverse, a primer

New technology can be a source of great optimism and a force for positive change in the research industry. As such, it is important to discuss the merits of emerging technology. In this research note, the emergent opportunity for qualitative research in the metaverse is discussed. This paper looks at how rich sensory virtual environments with multiple sensory modalities might help address some of the shortcomings of traditional online qualitative research. The importance of establishing social presence in virtual qualitative research is addressed. Then, how the metaverse might help remove some of the constraints of ‘big qual’ is debated. The potential for the metaverse to improve participant inclusivity is considered, before finally discussing the issue of research ethics in a decentralised virtual world.

Effective Strategies for Teaching Research Methodology to Master’s Students Writing a Mini-Dissertation as Their Capstone Project

This article explores effective strategies for teaching research methodology to master’s students who are required to write a 5,000 to 7,000-word mini-dissertation as their capstone project. Through a comprehensive analysis of teaching approaches, including traditional classroom instruction, online and hybrid models, and experiential learning, this study identifies best practices for facilitating students’ mastery of research skills. By examining pedagogical theories and empirical evidence, the article provides actionable recommendations for educators. Additionally, it addresses common challenges faced by students and offers solutions to support their success. The implications of these findings for curriculum design and the future of graduate education are discussed.

The Shifting Image of Sweden Abroad: Framings of the 2022 Swedish Election in Traditional and Far-Right Online Media from the United States, Germany, India, and China

The Shifting Image of Sweden Abroad: Framings of the 2022 Swedish Election in Traditional and Far-Right Online Media from the United States, Germany, India, and China