Traditional Names Research Articles

Formula omitted]ODNS: A distributed approach to DNS anonymization with collusion resistance

The traditional Domain Name System (DNS) lacks fundamental security and privacy features in its design. As privacy concerns increased on the Internet, security and privacy enhancements of DNS have been actively investigated. Specifically, in the context of user privacy in DNS queries, several relay-based anonymization schemes have been recently introduced. However, these schemes are vulnerable to collusion between relays and full-service resolvers, which means user identities cannot be hidden from resolvers. This paper introduces a new concept for achieving user anonymity in DNS queries through a multiple-relay-based approach, called μODNS (Mutualized Oblivious DNS), by extending the concept of existing relay-based schemes. μODNS introduces a reasonable assumption that each user has at least one trusted or dedicated relay within the network and mutually shares the relay with other users. The user simply sets his trusted relay as the next-hop relay to convey his queries to the resolver and randomly chooses its zero or more subsequent relays shared by other entities. Under this assumption, the user’s identity remains concealed from the target resolver in μODNS even if an unknown subset of relays colludes with the resolver. Namely, in μODNS, users can preserve their anonymity by paying a small cost of sharing their resources. Additionally, we extend existing protocols, Anonymized DNSCrypt and Oblivious DoH, to provide practical Proof-of-Concept specifications and implementations as instances of μODNS. These implementations are publicly available on the Internet as open-source software and public services. Furthermore, we demonstrate, through measurements of round-trip times for DNS messages, that our implementation can minimize the performance degradation resulting from its privacy enhancements, achieving performance levels that maintain the positive user experiences observed in existing schemes.

The Newest Anthtoponymic Trends in Foreign Name Preferences, in Name Giving Process, in Northern Part of Bulgaria (over the Anthroposocioonomastic Data for Pleven, Ruse, Veliko Tarnovo, and Varna for the Period 2008-2018)

The present text aims to study the newest anthroponymic trends, and in particular, the new variants of traditional foreign given names, part of the onomasticon, in four of the most important and big settlements in Northern Bulgaria – Pleven, Veliko Tarnovo, Ruse, and Varna. Official statistical data of the National Statistical Institute (NSI) in the Republic of Bulgaria for a 10-year period (2008-2018) is used.

Репрезентация кулинарно-гастрономического кода современной культуры в демотиваторах: лингвокультурологический аспект

Culinary and gastronomic code of modern culture, represented in a polymodal text, namely in demotivators, is of particular interest from the point of view of axiological perspective. The relevance of this topic is connected with the study of the creolized text and the ways of explication of modern values in the verbal and visual components of the demotivator. The material for the study is demotivators of culinary and gastronomic topics that are freely available on the Internet. A distinctive feature is a verbal / non-verbal indication, firstly, of the cultural component of the region; secondly, of the way of representing professional activity or any distinctive character trait. The main method is a comprehensive analysis of a demotivator. “Tradition – innovation” dichotomy is realized in demotivators. If the verbal component of the demotivator contains an indication of a foreign dish, then the visual component includes typical, traditional dishes for a particular culture. Conversely, traditional names of dishes or food products receive an “innovative” interpretation. Professional activity is a distinctive feature in the design of the dish, the method of cooking and the contents. There is an appeal not only to the background knowledge about the stereotypes of the professional sphere and nutrition practices, but also to the general cultural background.

Exploring the safety and efficacy of phytomedicine Petiveria alliacea extract (Esperanza) in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal tumors and acute leukemias: study protocol for a phase Ib/randomized double blind phase II trial (PA001)

BackgroundThe energy metabolism of drug-resistant tumor cells can provide a survival advantage during therapy, and treatment itself may influence metabolic reprogramming. Petiveria alliacea (Traditional name: Anamu) could inhibit glycolysis and OXPHOX modulating tumor metabolism, making it a potential treatment for tumors with altered metabolism. This clinical study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a standardized Anamu phytomedicine called Esperanza in treating gastric tumors and acute leukemias.MethodsThis is a prospective, open label, phase I/ randomized, double-blind single-center phase II study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Esperanza extract in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal tumors and acute leukemias. In stage 1, the study will determine the MTD and assess safety. In stage 2, safety at the MTD will be evaluated, and the efficacy of Esperanza extract will be explored in both metastatic gastric tumors and acute leukemias. Quality of life improvement will be the primary outcome in the gastric tumor group, while different efficacy outcomes will be assessed in the acute leukemia group. A placebo group will be used for comparison in the gastric tumor group, and a historical control group will be used in the acute leukemia arm.DiscussionThis clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety profile of the Esperanza extract in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal tumors and acute leukemias, while exploring its potential efficacy in conjunction with standard treatment for these pathologies.Trial registrationThis trial was registered in the US National Library of Medicine with identifier NCT05587088. Registered October 19th, 2022.

El-Khaḍir/El-Khiḍr: Le Prophète-Sage dans la Tradition Musulmane by Irfan Omar (Casablanca: A. Retani Éditions La Croisée des Chemins, 2021), 202 pp., ISBN: 9789920769860, 18.00 €

First Paragraph: In November 1654, the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan made a pilgrimage to the shrine of Mu’in al-Din Chishti in the city of Ajmer as was a common practice for the members of his dynasty. The journey is captured in a painting from his royal chronicle, The Padshahnama. As the emperor crosses a stream on the outskirts of the city, he encounters a mysterious figure standing on the surface of the water, clad in an emerald robe and turban, and offering a globe to the emperor. Although unnamed in the painting, this figure has been identified as al-Khiḍir (also rendered as al-Khaḍir and Khizr), literally “the Green One,” the traditional name given to Mūsā’s (Moses’) mysterious guide mentioned in the Qur’an (al-Kahf 18.60-82 ff.) and the subject of Irfan Omar’s welcome study of this important figure in Islam.

FEATURES OF WORDS USED IN RESTAURANT MENUS

The culinary business has been growing so fast and competitively that it needs specific ways to attract customers. The food names, one thing people can directly see in restaurants or cafes, should be attractive and persuasive as they can be used as an indirect advertisement. This research aims at tracing the features of words used in naming foods for restaurant menus and how they fulfill the function of informing, attracting, and persuading customers. This study used a qualitative method to explore the naming of food on the menus of fifty restaurants in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The finding showed the words related to the element of the ingredient were mostly found in the naming of dishes on the menus. There were food names consisting of only one feature of the word, such as Krengsengan, Lodeh, and Mendol, which were the traditional food names; however, there were also names that used a combination of those features.

Multiple number-naming associations: How the inversion property affects adults' two-digit number processing.

Some number-naming systems are less transparent than others. For example, in Dutch, 49 is named "negenenveertig," which translates to "nine and forty," i.e., the unit is named first, followed by the decade. This is known as the "inversion property," where the morpho-syntactic representation of the number name is incongruent with its written Arabic form. Number word inversion can hamper children's developing mathematical skills. But little is known about its effects on adults' numeracy, the underlying mechanism, and how a person's bilingual background influences its effects. In the present study, Dutch-English bilingual adults performed an audiovisual matching task, where they heard a number word and simultaneously saw two-digit Arabic symbols and had to determine whether these matched in quantity. We experimentally manipulated the morpho-syntactic structure of the number words to alter their phonological (dis)similarities and numerical congruency with the target Arabic two-digit number. Results showed that morpho-syntactic (in)congruency differentially influenced quantity match and non-match decisions. Although participants were faster when hearing traditional non-transparent Dutch number names, they made more accurate decisions when hearing artificial, but morpho-syntactically transparent number words. This pattern was partly influenced by the participants' bilingual background, i.e., their L2 proficiency in English, which involves more transparent number names. Our findings suggest that, within inversion number-naming systems, multiple associations are formed between two-digit Arabic symbols and number names, which can influence adults' numerical cognition.

Javanese Traditional Culture “Temu Manten”: Part of Javanese Acculturation Society in Sumatera

<p><em>This reseach aims to describe the acculturation of the Javanese traditional culture wich name is “Temu Manten. This is the cultural root of the Javanese people that has occurred in all parts of Sumatra, especially South Sumatra. Researcher used qualitative research, it is descriptive type by Schutz's phenomenological theory research approach. The researcher describes a symptom, fact, event and problem. The researcher used two primary data sources (observations and interviews) and secondary (the results of research, books and other sources as other data sources). The researcher took purposive sampling to determine the informants. Analytical descriptive is used by researcher to describe their findings. As the results of this study found that the acculturation of the Javanese traditional culture which called as “Temu Manten” does not only occur in South Sumatra, but has occurred in various regions on the island of Sumatra. The factors that influenced the acculturation of this culture are the existence of transmigration, migration, inter-ethnic marriage, level of education, modernization and globalization. However, cultural acculturation in Indonesia got rich in culture that can be preserved to remain and known by next generations of Indonesia.</em></p>

Humans and seagrass: a complex and intertwining links - an illustration from North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Interactions between humans and seagrasses in a rural area in North Sulawesi (North Minahasa) were determined by applying the ecosystem goods and services concept and related social-ecological system. The main role in the villages is small-scale fishermen and the general public. By conducting interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, community immersion, and field surveys, we discovered complex social-ecological ties that are essential for local society and the ecosystem. Nursery ground and habitat for fish and invertebrates, traditional medicine, indicative for Ramadan season-opening, and sites for bait collection were within the significant seagrass meadow ecosystem services for the local coastal people. We identified 183 traditional fish names that are associated with seagrass. Gleaning (banyare) and trapping fisheries (“soma”, “sero” and “bubu”) in the areas captured seagrass-associated fishes (Siganidae) that contribute a major livelihood source for the fishermen. The seagrass meadow overlaps with species habitats, for instance, dugongs and sea turtles. Out of 90 fishing grounds, 13 overlapped with seagrass beds, which also have dugong feeding trails. Most of the seagrass beds are open and free for all areas, except around LMMAs managed by villages, which likely create positive effects on seagrass meadows.

Real time detection of malicious DoH traffic using statistical analysis

The DNS protocol plays a fundamental role in the operation of ubiquitous networks. All devices connected to these networks need DNS to work, both for traditional domain name to IP address translation, and for more advanced services such as resource discovery. DNS over HTTPS (DoH) solves certain security problems present in the DNS protocol. However, malicious DNS tunnels, a covert way of encapsulating malicious traffic in a DNS connection, are difficult to detect because the encrypted data prevents performing an analysis of the content of the DNS traffic.In this study, we introduce a real-time system for detecting malicious DoH tunnels, which is based on analyzing DoH traffic using statistical methods. Our research demonstrates that it is feasible to identify in real-time malicious traffic by analyzing specific parameters extracted from DoH traffic. In addition, we conducted statistical analysis to identify the most significant features that distinguish malicious traffic from benign traffic. Using the selected features, we achieved satisfactory results in classifying DoH traffic as either benign or malicious.

Zero-watermark scheme for medical image protection based on style feature and ResNet

Zero-watermarking technology is of major interest within the field of medical image copyright protection because this embedding method does not cause loss of images. However, the features used to construct the zero-watermark in existing methods are destroyed after geometric attacks, particularly strong geometric attacks. This destruction causes the final extracted watermark image to lose its details and fail copyright protection. This study proposes a zero-watermark medical image protection scheme based on style features and a residual network to solve this concern. The style features extracted based on deep neural networks are high-order statistics of image details and abstract features and have good robustness against geometric attacks, such as rotation and scale. Simultaneously, this study proposes a zero-watermark verification method based on the residual network to replace the traditional XOR11The full name is exclusive OR, abbreviated as xor, which is a common logical operation in the computer field. operation. The residual network can iteratively learn to extract the watermark image from the zero-watermark image and enhance the quality of the watermark image using the designed loss function. We experimentally demonstrated that the residual network outperformed in reconstructing watermark images. This scheme can resist common geometric and strong image attacks, performance is superior to that of similar zero-watermarking schemes.

First characterization of a nursery ground for the commercial sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa

This study characterised the nursery ground of the cold-water sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa for the first time. New recruits and early juveniles 0.9–40 mm in length were discovered at depths of 1.8–2.5 m in Qikiqtait (traditional name of the Belcher Islands, Nunavut, Canada) at a site with salinities ≥27 psu. They were primarily attached to live individuals and empty shells of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and to stones. Based on laboratory rearing and known spawning times, the smallest individuals (0.9–1.4 mm) found in October 2021 and June 2022 were estimated to be 3–4 and 11–12 months old, respectively (year class 0-I). Other juveniles found at the same time were mostly ≤4-year-old, likely representing subsequent anual recruitment pulses. Densities of juveniles measuring 0.9–40 mm varied between 4 and 104 ind. m−2. Recruits <2 mm occurred in complex substrata, mostly mussel byssal threads, while larger juveniles, especially those >9 mm, were on exposed surfaces of shells and stones. No adults occupied the shallow nursery site. This study draws attention to ontogenetic migration allowing the occurrence of cryptic nursery sites that may occur in shallower environments than the typical adult habitats, of particular significance for the management of commercial species.

Making Lantaneae (Verbenaceae) taxonomy useful: A phylogenetic classification

AbstractRecent phylogenetic results strongly suggest that neither Lantana nor Lippia are monophyletic. This has a direct impact on taxonomy and nomenclature in the tribe Lantaneae and it underscores the need to revise its classification. However, any generic recircumscription following the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants will require substantial nomenclatural changes. As a solution, a phylogenetic classification following the PhyloCode is applied to the whole Lantaneae, and 28 rank‐free names are proposed and defined for clades. Clade /Lantaneae is defined to exclude Coelocarpum. Traditional taxon names previously recognized at the ranks of tribe, genus, and section are maintained when associated with clades. Discussion about fruit and corolla morphology, the basis of most previous classifications, within the group is presented along with a key to the clades of /Lantaneae. A useful classification of the plant diversity in tribe Lantaneae consistent with the phylogenetic relationships within the group is provided. This rank‐free system promotes name stability as new data become available and avoids name changes to well‐known species.

A Cognitive Study on Naming Mechanisms of QQ Nicknames

Language is the carriage of ideas. Social reality pushes the advancement of language, and language reflects social reality. As the world has entered into the Age of Information, people are exposed to digital screens and online social media. Nowadays, people, especially young people, lay great emphasis on not only their real-life individuality but also their online images. Among all the social media apps, QQ is favored by Chinese people for a long time with over 530 million accounts. With fewer requirements in making nicknames, the naming mechanisms of QQ nicknames provide an interesting perspective for cognitive and linguistic study. Nicknames on social media are regarded as a mutation of people’s traditional names, allowing people to extend their creativity and project their personalities on the nicknames. This research chooses the QQ nicknames of the Grade 2020 undergraduates at Hohai University as research objectives. To find out the feature of the nicknames of the target group and explore the naming mechanisms underlying the nicknames, first, the essay goes through previous studies on the naming mechanisms and absorbs related research experience, and second, establishes a theoretical framework that includes three models: Event-domain Cognitive Model (ECM), the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CM₁), and the Conceptual Metonymy Theory (CM₂). After collecting 255 QQ nicknames and establishing a closed corpus of the nicknames, this paper makes reasonable categorization for further study. To solve the rest of the research problems, a thorough analysis is made and two compound models are established. Results show that the QQNE+CM₁ Model is the most commonly seen naming mechanism of the target group. At the end of the paper, a discussion and evaluation of the entire research are done. This essay provides a new aspect for understanding the naming mechanisms of the young generation and may be conducive to further related studies.

A STUDY OF GHANAIAN HAUSA PERSONAL NAMES

&lt;p&gt;This study attempts at undertaking a comprehensive study of personal names among Ghanaian Hausa. It particularly looks at the socio-pragmatic usage of the Hausa names. This paper argues that the Hausa give names to their children by considering the social, cultural, and religious philosophy of the Hausa speech community. The philosophy behind these Hausa naming practices goes a long way to help in the peculiar identity of the Ghanaian Hausa. This, to a very large extent, hints that there is a link between names and personal identity as far as naming practices among the Hausa in particular, and Africans in general are concerned. The study, using interview, observation and the researcher’s introspection as a data collection method and Linguistic Relativity as a theoretical framework, reveals three categories of names used by the Ghanaian Hausa. These are Judeo-Islamo-Christian names, Hausa names of Arabic origin and Hausa traditional names.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0077/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Assimilation and economic development: the case of federal Indian policy.

Throughout the nineteenth century, federal Indian policy oscillated between two extreme positions: assimilation versus isolation. While scholars have often been interested in the impact of past federal policy on current levels of economic development among American Indian tribes, none have explicitly examined the influence of federal assimilation policy on long-run economic development. In this paper, I take advantage of tribal-level variation in the application of federal policies to estimate the effect of assimilation on long-run economic performance. To quantify the impact of such policies, I introduce a novel measure of cultural assimilation: the prevalence of traditional indigenous names relative to common American first names. To calculate the distribution of name types, I have gathered the names and locations for all American Indians enumerated in the 1900 United States census. After classifying each name, I calculated the reservation-specific share of non-indigenous names. I estimate the relationship between cultural assimilation in 1900 and per capita income from 1970 through 2020. I find that historical levels of assimilation are consistently associated with higher levels of per capita income in all census years. The results are robust to the inclusion of a variety of cultural and institutional controls and regional fixed effects.

Birth Order, Gender, and Naming Preferences in Contemporary Poland

The paper investigates how birth order and gender jointly influence naming decisions among Polish parents. The impact of birth order on the choice of first names has been extensively documented in historical and anthropological studies worldwide, but it has been largely ignored in sociological research on contemporary Western countries. The study is based on a survey of 317 users of a Polish parenting forum devoted to first names and naming decisions. The names of the first-born and second-born children of the research participants are compared in terms of their popularity and traditionality, measured both objectively and subjectively, in regard to the subjective motives declared behind the naming choices. The findings show that, on the whole, the first-born children received more popular and more traditional names than the second-borns. However, when the gender of the children was figured in, the difference between the first-born and the second-born boys turned out statistically significant only in the dimension of traditionality, whereas between the first-born and the second-born girls, only in the dimension of popularity. In a within-family comparison, the names given to siblings were found to be fairly consistent in both dimensions, and the gender of the first child influenced the preferences for the second one, especially if the latter was a girl. Those results can be interpreted in the frame of different social expectations towards the genders, with a particular focus on gendered concepts of the self.

REVITALIZATION OF MINAHASAN CULTURE THROUGH VOCABULARY OF TRADITIONAL FOOD NAMES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING CULINARY TOURISM IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE

The research on Revitalization of Minahasan Culture Through Vocabulary of Traditional Food Names in The Context of Developing Culinary Tourism in North Sulawesi Province intends to improve previous research that has been conducted. This research is proposed for one year. The problem formulated in this research is the naming system of Minahasan traditional food and its meaning. This research aims to (1) identify and classify the naming system of traditional Minahasan food, (2) analyze and describe the meaning of traditional Minahasan food names. The specific targets to be achieved in this research are (1) the identification and classification of the naming system of traditional Minahasan food , (2) the identification and classification of linguistic units in the form of words, phrases, and clauses of traditional Minahasan food names, and (3) the results of explanation and description in the form of cultural meaning in linguistic units in the form of words, phrases, and clauses of traditional Minahasan food names. The vocabulary of traditional Minahasan food names as a naming system that has meaning and cultural value based on the cognition of the Minahasan community was found in this study. The origin of food names and the concept of Minahasan culture are also reflected in traditional Minahasan food names. The method used is descriptive qualitative method with an approach through ethnography, synchronic linguistics and gastronomic linguistics methods. Techniques and data collection were observation and interview. The research location is in North Sulawesi Province, especially Minahasan Regency by selecting several cities in the area of North Sulawesi Province by purposive sampling, namely data collection according to research needs. The results of the research are food labeled linulut (food that is inserted in bamboo and burned) and non-linulut (food not in bamboo). The naming system of traditional Minahasann food consists of ingredients, cooking utensils, food makers, places where food is made, the arrival of Minahasann people, and people's names. The form of traditional Minahasann food names consists of words, phrases, and clauses. Pangi, gohu and woku are words. Woku blanga, rica rodo, and Sayor pa'it are phrases. Clauses consist of Ayang woku isi di bulu, Babi woku isi di bulu, and ikang mas bungkus deng daong woka. The meaning of food names is denotative meaning and connotative meaning. The denotative meaning corresponds to the food ingredient, namely pangi. The connotative meaning is the name of the food sende'en, pongkor, fried brot cookies, and Bobengka.

Proposals for unification and use of the Ukrainian national nomenclature for native and exotic species of the longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Ukraine. Part I: subfamilies Spondylidinae and Prioninae

Here, I presented the study on historical development and changes in the Ukrainian national nomenclature of the longhorn beetles, which traditionally named "Skrypuny". I collected and arranged the traditional Ukrainian names for the longhorn beetles, their regional variations, and historical attempts for their codifications. Since the middle of XIX century, vernacular names, collected in folklore expeditions, of certain groups of the longhorn beetles have been published in multiple scientific papers and school textbooks of zoology. On the beginning of XX century, most vernacular names of the longhorn beetles have been relevantly arranged in the dictionaries of the Ukrainian zoological nomenclature. The development of the Ukrainian national zoological nomenclature was forcibly stopped in the early 1930s. Due to the politics of "internationalization" and artificial "convergence of languages" in the USSR, the traditional Ukrainian vernacular names were withdrawn from the scientific use and replaced by "Vusachi" consonant with the Russian. In the second half of XX century, the Ukrainian vernacular names of the longhorn beetles were repeatedly replaced by Russian tracings and Latin transliterations in specialized zoological dictionaries and in the general dictionaries of Ukrainian language. In the current paper, I proposed methodological approaches to the derivation and standardization of Ukrainian vernacular names based on the Ukrainian Spelling. I also substantiated the reasons for choosing certain Ukrainian vernacular names for scientific use parallelly with the scientific Latin name. In the Part I, I presented Ukrainian names for 46 taxa, including 1 subfamily, 10 tribes, 17 genera, and 17 species.

Molecular and morphological analyses of plants with ethnomedicinal uses in northeastern Peru

Background: In Peru, ethnomedicinal plants have not been extensively assessed in the current context of DNA-based techniques. In the Amazonas region, medicinal plants use for diarrhea and fever treatment are mainly known by local or traditional names, while their phenotypic plasticity limits their proper morphological identification. Methods: In this regard, selected plants with ethnomedicinal uses in the Amazonas region were confirmed and characterized using morphology and multilocus phylogenies based on three molecular markers (ITS, matK, and rbcL). Results: This study reported four species with ethnomedicinal uses [Disciphania ernstii (Menispermaceae), Psidium fulvum (Myrtaceae), Styloceras penninervium (Buxaceae), Ugni myricoides (Myrtaceae)] distributed in humid forest, at 1,000–3,800 masl in the Amazonas region. The genetic markers that showed better resolution to distinguish species of the genera were ITS (Disciphania) and matK (Psidium, Ugni, and Styloceras). Conclusion: An initial screening regarding the diversity of plants with ethnomedicinal uses in the Amazonas region was needed and should include DNA-based techniques using these molecular markers to correctly identify them. This approach will facilitate further evaluation of the ancestral knowledge on the use of medicinal plants in Peru. Keywords: Amazonas, Buxaceae, DNA barcoding, ethnomedicine, Myrtaceae, Ranunculaceae