Traditional Musical Instruments Research Articles

Inheritance and Protection of Traditional Musical Intangible Cultural Heritage

Musical intangible cultural heritage refers to the transmission of intangible cultural expressions with cultural connotations and social significance through music as a carrier. It covers a rich variety of musical forms and traditional musical instruments, and embodies the creation and inheritance of music by human beings in different historical periods and regional environments. Through the inheritance of traditional music, it can promote and pass on national culture and local culture, and strengthen people's sense of cultural identity and belonging. Music has the ability to cross languages and cultures, and through music inheritance, it can promote cultural exchanges and communication between different regions and nationalities, and enhance mutual understanding and friendship. For individuals, music heritage can enhance their sense of identity, self-knowledge and self-confidence. The safeguarding of musical intangible cultural heritage is a brand new field and a mainstream discourse in the field of international cultural studies. At the same time, it should be the historical mission of every individual worker related to music.

A tecnologia como facilitadora do acesso à aprendizagem musical de uma criança com paralisia cerebral

Nowadays, technology is a great ally in removing barriers and facilitating access for users with specific limitations. For example, a child with motor and communication limitations due to Cerebral Palsy (CP) can use technology to develop and reveal their potential talent for learning and performing music. We want to publish a real case of a child, currently aged 11, called Enrique, with CP, whose limitations do not allow him to play any traditional musical instrument. However, Enrique can access information and learn using Support Products, namely a computer and an interface for access through the eyes. This child wanted to learn to play piano, which was difficult for him in a traditional way. Using the Assistive Technology he already had, and an Accessible Musical Digital Instrument called NetyChord, installed on his computer, it was possible to get him to learn music and play the sounds of the piano instrument together with an orchestra in a public concert. The aim of this work, which we intend to disseminate to the general community by making a documentary, is to demonstrate how it is always possible to eliminate barriers by joining forces and combining research networks between different universities and different countries (Portugal and Italy). This objective also includes the use of technology as a means of facilitating music learning for all

Assessment of wood quality for Sape making: Vibroacoustic analysis and machine learning classification

Sape is a popular traditional musical instrument from Sarawak, Malaysia. This instrument is handmade and differs in wood, dimension, design, etc. This impedes the preservation and promotion of the Sape tradition, as well as the development of new Sape instruments. Wood is the primary factor affecting Sape sound, and this study aimed to evaluate the quality of three commonly used types of wood in the instrument manufacturing. Rectangular wood samples were fashioned and tested for physical, vibroacoustic, and timbre characteristics using a flexural vibration test. The objective was to identify the top features influencing the sound quality and develop a reliable method for classifying wood quality. Results showed that Adau wood had the highest quality, followed by Merbau and Tapang wood. Four key features, including acoustic radiation damping coefficient, spectral flux, spectral centroid, and inharmonicity, were selected by the MRMR algorithm and used to train and test various classifiers in MATLAB. The decision tree classifier achieved 98.1% accuracy in predicting wood quality. This study demonstrates the potential of using machine learning to classify Sape wood quality and provides a useful guide for its production. The findings could contribute to the preservation and advancement of this cultural tradition.

Mandoliong: An Organological Study of a Traditional Stringed Instrument in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi

Mandoliong is considered a traditional musical instrument found in the Bugis community, Wajo Regency South Sulawesi Indonesia. This art functions as entertainment and is performed at wedding receptions, celebrations, traditional and government activities. Mandoliong can be reviewed based on its musical organology. Discussing organology can provide information about the form, way of playing, and the life cultural of the mandalion in people's lives. Mandoliong has a distinctive musical instrument shape and is now very rare. Even a successor to the Mandoliong maker is very diffi cult to find. This raises curiosity about how to make Mandoliong for the younger generation. In the music paradigm, the science that studies the structure and function of instruments is one element of the part of music called organology. This research aims to understand the construction parts and aspects of Mandoliong music. The methods used to collect data were observation, interviews and document study. As a result, the Mandoliong is known to have originated from China where it was acculturated with other models of musical instruments. In general, the shape of a Mandoliong is divided into three parts, namely the head (ulu), body (watang), and keys (tus). The materials and tools used in making the Mandoliong musical instrument are materials that are easily available every day in the people of Wajo Regency. In terms of performance, the Mandoliong musical instrument is performed in ensemble form. The scale produced by the plucked Mandoliong musical instrument is a chromatic scale.

Sosialisasi Budaya Kesenian Calung Salakadomas di Dusun Kelewih Desa Saguling Kecamatan Baregbeg Kabupaten Ciamis

This research is behind the background of the influence of foreign cultural transformation which is today a real threat to traditional culture. This can lead to the weakening of the values of traditional cultural art and have a major impact on the survival of traditional art in society, one of which is the anti-traditional art. Calung is a traditional musical instrument commonly played in popular performances in society, but the popularity of Calung is now declining due to the influence of foreign cultural transformation. This is supported by public surveys that show that foreign musical instruments are more popular and popular with the general public than traditional music instruments. This research aims to introduce and expand public understanding of the traditional cultural wealth of one of the Traditional Art of Calung that exists in the village of Saguling Prefecture Baregbeg district of Ciamis. The method used is qualitative descriptive method with the type of case study. This investigation was carried out against the figures of the academic anti-artists. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study show that there are still societies that maintain the traditional anti-art in the midst of evolving times that are constantly changing.

DIVERSED ETHNOMATHEMATICS EXPLORATIONS OF BATAK CULTURES IN NORTH SUMATERA

The Batak ethnic group has cultural diversity and is rich in the values of each culture, both in the products and processes, and cultural philosophies. The Batak ethnicity is divided into several sub-ethnicities, including Toba Batak, Karo Batak, Mandailing Batak, and Simalungun Batak. The distinctive characteristics of each ethnicity can be used as material for research by researchers to explore the elements of that culture. In the field of mathematics, culture can also be used as an object of study. The research method used in the present study is the systematic literature review (SLR) which is aimed at identifying, studying, evaluating, and interpreting research results by the topics being studied so that it will answer the research questions that have been determined. The results can be seen that the Batak ethnic cultural components have mathematical concepts in them such as, among others, livelihood characters, traditional houses, traditional musical instruments, traditional foods, ulos cloth and ornaments. traditional dances, and traditional clothing. The mathematical concepts that are obtained from the exploration of Batak ethnic cultures include the concepts of lines, angles, congruence, spatial geometry, flat geometric shapes, spatial geometric shapes, geometric transformations, arithmetic sequences, and numbers. These diverse themes indicate that mathematics is our culture.

The Exploration of Nusantara’s Local Wisdom Through Bahasa Indonesia Untuk Kita (Bikta) for Diaspora Children at the Indonesian Embassy in Doha Qatar

This study explores the initial abilities of BIPA (Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers) students and the BIPA learning process with Nusantara’s local wisdom in the BIKTA program for diaspora children at the Indonesian Embassy in Doha, Qatar. This research has an urgency in exploring Nusantara’s local wisdom through BIPA learning. This is based on the concern that the diaspora of Indonesian children in Qatar has minimal knowledge of Indonesian culture. Through this research, it is hoped that it can contribute to developing Indonesian insights through exploration of Nusantara’s local wisdom through BIPA learning. The method in this study uses qualitative research. Research data collection was carried out by observation, questionnaires, and FGDs for teachers and program administrators. The research results on the initial abilities of BIPA students at the Indonesian Embassy in Doha are quite varied and divided at the BIPA I, BIPA II, and BIPA III levels. The BIPA learning process explores local wisdom including traditional musical instruments, national songs, Indonesian folklore and legends, food, and Indonesian tourism.

Contextual Learning Through Cooperative Design Assisted by Vocal Media on Traditional Musical Instruments of Bangka Belitung as an Effort to Increase Student Learning Activity at SD STKIP Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran alat musik tradisional gendang anak dan gendang induk terhadap kreativitas anak menggunakan media vokal pada kelas IV SD STKIP Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD STKIP Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan, dan diskusi. Peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Seni Budaya dan Prakarya dibuktikan dengan survei data yang dilakukan. Pada kondisi awal rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa kategori siklus I dilakukan pada penerapan desain pembelajaran kooperatif berbasis media TGT atau vokal/solfegio pada materi alat musik tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata keseluruhan siklus 1 setelah penerapan desain pembelajaran kooperatif berbantuan media vokal/solfegio TGT pada materi alat musik tradisional adalah 74,36 sehingga termasuk dalam kategori Baik. Pada siklus II diperoleh hasil rata-rata aktivitas belajar sebesar 88,00 atau termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Peningkatan aktivitas belajar meliputi delapan dimensi meliputi: visual, motorik, dan solfeggio. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran alat musik tradisional meningkatkan peningkatan aktivitas siswa secara signifikan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan alat musik tradisional yaitu gendang anak dan gendang induk sebagai media pembelajaran dapat menjadi strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengembangkan kreativitas anak di pendidikan dasar.

Unlocking Musical Brilliance: How Traditional Talempong Pacik Music Enhances the Intelligence of Children Aged 5-6 Years

This study aims to determine the effect of playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik on the musical intelligence of children aged 5-6 years. The research employs a quantitative approach using an experimental method. The sample consists of 21 children selected through simple random sampling. Data collection techniques include observation sheets to assess the development of children's musical intelligence. Data analysis is conducted using a t-test. The results show a significant influence of playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik on the musical intelligence of children aged 5-6 years, with a tₒ value greater than t_t (39.28 > 2.08), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (h₀) and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (h₁). This indicates that playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik can be an effective means of supporting learning to develop children's musical intelligence.

Local Culture Integration in Physics Experiments: Exploring Angklung with Arduino-Enhanced Frequency Measurement

Experimental activities in physics learning are important to encourage students to interact directly with physical phenomena. This study integrates local culture with technology through an innovative approach to the design of physics experiments. Arduino, a low-cost microcontroller, is extensively utilized for learning physics. The local culture examined in this study is Angklung, a traditional musical instrument from West Java, Indonesia. This study utilizes Arduino with a microphone sensor to design experiments investigating the sound produced by Angklung. The experimental activity aims to determine the frequency generated on each musical instrument on the diatonic Angklung and the factors that influence that frequency. The experimental results show that each musical instrument has a different frequency. Programming on Arduino is easy for students even though students do not have basic programming knowledge. The results of this study can be used as a reference for conducting alternative experiments using affordable equipment and objects familiar to students.

Deskriptif Proses Pembuatan Alat Musik Rabab Pasisia di Painan Timur Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan

The process of making traditional musical instruments Rabab Pasisia in South Pesisir Regency. This study aims to describe the process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. This research was conducted with data collection techniques used are observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out by reducing, presenting data and verifying this data aims to find out the structure, process, manufacturing techniques, playing techniques, from Rabab Pasisia. This musical instrument is made of jariang wood and has different tones, and uses several types of wood. The results of this study show that the parts and stages of the process of making traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments include: wooden mangkapatiah for Rabab bodies, sketching rabab patterns, making rabab tongues, installing rabab friction nylon, making rabab kudo-kudo, and how to produce sounds, tuning systems on traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The instruments used in the process of making traditional musical instruments Gandang Tambua include: Lantiak Knife (containing rabab tongue), Kapatiah (forming rabab body), Cutting Saw, Hammer (Stick), Measuring instrument (meter), Pencil, Sandpaper, Scissors. The ingredients are; Jariang Wood (45Cm Long, 30Cm Wide, and 4Cm Thick), Montiah Wood (Meranti), Sicerek Wood, Shell, Rope, Nails and, Wood glue. The process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments includes several stages, namely: 1) The process of making the body (jariang wood), until the finishing of fine and rough sanding, 2) The process of installing nylon on the rabab frictioner, 3) The process of installing squirrels, kudo-kudo, talingo and rabab strings for tuning the tone.

Introducing Indonesian Art in the English Target Text through Translation

Indonesia is a country of various cultures representing each ethnic group around the archipelago. Each culture creates its own art ranging from its music including its traditional musical instruments, dance, its architecture, to its martial arts. The way people in each ethnic group name their art products is specifically unique. It may not contain any general characteristics as other cultures have. The uniqueness can only be introduced to other cultures within the nation as well as outside of the nation through a language understood by them. It is therefore that the information can be shared with others through translation work as the equivalents given in the target text. This research uses some Indonesian novels and their translation into English as the data source. Using the descriptive qualitative method, this research is aimed at revealing Indonesian art found in Indonesian novels and describing how they are shown in the English target text as their equivalents. How the author in the source text expresses the art is the first research question and what strategies are used in delivering the art through translation becomes the second research question. The results show that not all the authors of the source novels are aware that the art they mention in the novel need to be added with more information, and it is identified that the dominant strategy of translation used in translating the name regarding the art is translation using a loan word or loan words plus explanation. Keywords: Indonesian art, source text, strategies of translation, target text, translation

IMPLEMENTATION MULTIMEDIA DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE IN INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA DESIGN FOR TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN MUSIC INSTRUMENTS INTRODUCTION

This research aims to address the lack of interactive multimedia-based educational media in introducing traditional Indonesian musical instruments to the public, especially children. The issue arises from the fact that the diversity of traditional musical instruments in Indonesia has not been presented attractively in an interactive media format. Therefore, this study utilizes the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method as a guide in designing and developing interactive multimedia. The MDLC stages, namely Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing, and Distribution, are implemented to ensure that each step of the system development is well-organized. The results of alpha testing indicate that all features of the interactive multimedia work well. Beta testing, involving 36 respondents, yields a rating of 4.52 out of 5, demonstrating that this interactive multimedia is excellent and suitable for use as a learning media for traditional Indonesian musical instruments. This research addresses the gaps in the presentation of educational information by providing an interesting and effective media, especially in the context of traditional musical instruments. Thus, it is expected that this interactive multimedia can enrich the knowledge of the public, especially children, about the cultural wealth of traditional Indonesian musical instruments.

Guqin: The Physical Structure and Literary Significance of Chinese Traditional Musical Instruments

The Guqin, a revered symbol of Chinese cultural heritage, embodies centuries of craftsmanship and artistic expression, intertwining music, art, and literature in Chinese civilization. The primary objective of this study is to explore the physical structure and literacy significance of Chinese traditional musical instruments, focusing on the Guqin. Rooted in a comprehensive literature review, this research examines the Guqin’s historical and cultural importance, setting the stage for a detailed analysis of its physical components and portrayal in literature and art. The study was conducted in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, and it benefits from the region’s prominence in Guqin craftsmanship. Two key informants, selected based on expertise in Guqin making and historical knowledge, provided valuable insights into the instrument’s construction and cultural significance. The study elucidates the Guqin’s role as a cultural icon and bearer of literary motifs and themes through qualitative data analysis, including thematic and comparative approaches. Recommendations include interdisciplinary approaches to deepen our understanding of Chinese cultural heritage and its multifaceted manifestations in literature, art, and music.

KONSEP NYUPAK DALAM KARAWITAN JAWA THE CONCEPT OF ‘NYUPAK’ IN JAVANESE TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMEN

The word ‘nyupak’ is a Javanese term which is often used in daily events or activities. ‘Nyupak’ is simply an activity of joining two objects so that the main object joined with another object can be used again according to its function. As a matter of fact, the term ‘nyupak’ is also used in karawitan organology in the process of (1) the tuning of ‘gender bumbungan’ (‘gender’ resonance) and (2) the tuning of gamelan, both in the form of blades and in the form of ‘pencon’. The current study aims at exploring the concept of ‘nyupak’ in Javanese traditional music instrument from acoustic perspective. The results of the study demonstrate that ‘nyupak’ in the tuning on ‘gender bumbungan’ (‘gender’ resonance) ranges from the intervals of 2 cents up to 12 cents, or written as 2 ≤ x ≤ 12 cents, and ‘nyupak’ in the tuning on gamelan ranges from the intervals of 10 cents up to 33 cents, or written as 10 ≤ x ≤33 cents. The result of the study provides a referential formulation for the tuning process of ‘gender bumbungan’ and gamelan, particularly to cope with ear sensitivity in capturing the tone frequency.

Integrating Local Science and School Science: The Benefits for Preserving Local Wisdom and Promoting Students’ Learning

<p dir="ltr"><span>Integrating local science into science learning benefits students and the culture. However, science teaching tends to focus only on the scientific content presented in the books but ignores the local culture. This paper explores local science in community cultural activities to be implemented in science learning to introduce students to cultural values following the concept of science. It identifies local science, describes the oral arguments produced by the tribal council, and analyzes the lesson plan by five science teachers in the Nagekeo district, East Nusa Tenggara. The data used in this analysis are observation and identification, interviews, and assessment sheets. The findings show that the local science in Nagekeo cultural activities that can be integrated into science learning includes the traditional unit and measurement systems, Newton's laws in their application to the traditional game, biodiversity in the traditional hunt, the concept of heat transfer, and its application in the construction of traditional houses, and vibrations, waves, and sounds in the traditional musical instrument. Recommendations from this research are embracing local science in science learning to provide meaningful learning for students and preserve local culture for each generation in the future so that it does not become extinct. </span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>

Identification of Religious and Cultural Elements in Arts Learning Materials at Indriyasana Somoitan Kindergarten and Mosque Syuhada Kindergarten

This research aims to describe religious and cultural elements in art learning materials in kindergarten. Art learning in early childhood is often carried out to develop various aspects of intellectual, social and spiritual maturity. This can be supported by the school's background under a religious foundation so that the learning carried out can be adapted to the existence of a religious environment in each school. The two schools use different cultural and religious elements in art learning at school. The writing of this article is the result of observations, interviews and documentation carried out using qualitative research methods with triangulation of data sources. The data analysis carried out obtained the results that the religious elements that appeared in arts learning in the two kindergartens were religious stories, religious singing, prayer activities with tunes, projects through stories in books, dancing with religious songs, playing angklung with spiritual songs, and playing gamelan with religious songs such as prayers. Meanwhile, the cultural elements applied are the introduction of traditional musical instruments, the introduction of traditional dance, the singing of children's songs, the use of traditional games associated with learning, making batik, and the use of traditional clothing in art learning.

The Perspective of the Malay Community in the Livelihood of Street Angklung Musicians in Malioboro Yogyakarta

<em>The purpose of this study is to see how the views of the Malay community in the livelihoods of angklung musicians who are played in Yogyakarta by using the theory of structural functionalism. Angklung music performances in Yogyakarta are multifunctional. This means that now angklung music does not only present angklung as a traditional musical instrument, but also as a profession. Such as the transformation of the song being performed and the addition of dancers to attract the audience’s attention. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a library research approach. Data collection techniques in this study ar observation, interviews and documentation. The sample in this study in the Malay community who have lived in Yogyakarta, both for study and work. Form the observations and interviews that have been conducted, it shows that there are two views, namely positive and negative. This positive view is obtained because it is considered that the angklung musician profession is a form of high level creativity of the nation’s childern which not everyone can do it. With traditional instruments, but the arrangement and presentation of different music provides a special attraction for the audience. Then the negative view emerged because the movements of the dancers accompanying the angklung music were classified as erotic and contained element of sensuality toward the audience</em>.

Get To Know The History And Function Of The West Javanese Angklung Musical Instrument

West Java is a collection of various types of very beautiful nature with enchanting cultural attractions. The diversity of existing cultures is shown through the diversity of arts that are staged. This art is an expression of human thoughts, feelings, and ideas that differ from their environment and experience. Along with the development of the times, the growing diversity of art created by humans, as well as various forms of types of works of art, Artworks are one of the cultural products of a nation, which is priceless. Angklung is a popular traditional musical instrument from West Java. Angklung musical instruments have been known by the Sundanese people since the royal era, and have grown in popularity since November 2010, when Angklung was listed as Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

Struktur Pertunjukan Tari Tor Tor Naposo Nauli Bulung dalam Acara Pesta Perkawinan di Sawah Mudik Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

The purpose of this study is to reveal and describe the structure of Tor Tor Naposo Nauli Bulung dance performance at a wedding ceremony in Sawah Mudik, West Pasaman Regency. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The researcher's own research instruments and aids such as pens and cameras. Primary data and secondary data were used in this research material. Data were collected through literature study, observation, interviews and documentation. The stages of data analysis are data collection, data presentation and conclusions. The results proved that the structure of the Tor Tor Naposo Nauli Bulung Dance performance at the wedding party in Sawah Mudik consisted of movement, floor patterns, music, clothing, makeup and performance venues. Tor Tor dance consists of four movements, namely: Pangurdot movement, Pangegal movement, Pangeal movement and Pangurdot movement. The floor pattern of the Tor Tor Dance is round and straight. Musical instruments use traditional musical instruments such as gondang, flute and trumpet. Tor-tor dance clothes with the head facing outward, the outside is a typical and traditional fabric of the Batak tribe. The dominant colors of the outer fabric are red, black and white, decorated with various gold or silver threads. Tor-tor dance makeup wears beautiful makeup. The place where the tor-tor marriage contract dance performance takes place in front of the bride's house, where a special tent has been set up for the performance of the tor-tor dance, The use of Tor-tor dance in the Jorong Sawah Mudik community is as a means of entertainment, a sign of respect for elders, so that all people know that the bride and groom have been released and are not on the members of naposo nauli bulung (young men), bow down and beg for affection to the person who is le.