Traditional Authentication Methods Research Articles

Surveying the Development of Biometric User Authentication on Mobile Phones

Designing reliable user authentication on mobile phones is becoming an increasingly important task to protect users' private information and data. Since biometric approaches can provide many advantages over the traditional authentication methods, they have become a significant topic for both academia and industry. The major goal of biometric user authentication is to authenticate legitimate users and identify impostors based on physiological and behavioral characteristics. In this paper, we survey the development of existing biometric authentication techniques on mobile phones, particularly on touch-enabled devices, with reference to 11 biometric approaches (five physiological and six behavioral). We present a taxonomy of existing efforts regarding biometric authentication on mobile phones and analyze their feasibility of deployment on touch-enabled mobile phones. In addition, we systematically characterize a generic biometric authentication system with eight potential attack points and survey practical attacks and potential countermeasures on mobile phones. Moreover, we propose a framework for establishing a reliable authentication mechanism through implementing a multimodal biometric user authentication in an appropriate way. Experimental results are presented to validate this framework using touch dynamics, and the results show that multimodal biometrics can be deployed on touch-enabled phones to significantly reduce the false rates of a single biometric system. Finally, we identify challenges and open problems in this area and suggest that touch dynamics will become a mainstream aspect in designing future user authentication on mobile phones.

User identification and authentication using multi-modal behavioral biometrics

Biometric computer authentication has an advantage over password and access card authentication in that it is based on something you are, which is not easily copied or stolen. One way of performing biometric computer authentication is to use behavioral tendencies associated with how a user interacts with the computer. However, behavioral biometric authentication accuracy rates are worse than more traditional authentication methods. This article presents a behavioral biometric system that fuses user data from keyboard, mouse, and Graphical User Interface (GUI) interactions. Combining the modalities results in a more accurate authentication decision based on a broader view of the user's computer activity while requiring less user interaction to train the system than previous work. Testing over 31 users shows that fusion techniques significantly improve behavioral biometric authentication accuracy over single modalities on their own. Between the two fusion techniques presented, feature fusion and an ensemble based classification method, the ensemble method performs the best with a False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of 2.10% and a False Rejection Rate (FRR) 2.24%.

Mobile Optimized Digital Identity (MODI): A framework for easier digital certificate use

Traditional authentication methods such as passwords no longer meet all the security requirements of today's enterprise. Digital certificates provide a much more secure, resilient alternative solution. However, digital certificates are cumbersome to use for an end-user and are complex to implement for a resource provider. In this paper, we describe the Mobile Optimized Digital Identity (MODI) framework, which aims to solve the logistical issues of using certificates as an authentication method for both the end-user and the resource provider. The MODI framework consists of three tightly integrated components that work in concert: a mobile device application (MDA), an authentication toolkit, and a trusted third-party the security broker (SB). With a dedicated MODI MDA, certificate deployment, maintenance, and use are greatly simplified for the end-user. The MODI authentication toolkit enables resource providers to easily integrate with the framework, thus shielding developers from needing any knowledge of digital certificates and their implementation. Using mobile devices, the end-user authentication tool allows the MODI solution to expand its scope beyond conventional network access to novel physical access scenarios with the aid of proximity scanning technologies such as near-field communication (NFC).

A Two Factor Authentication Algorithm for Medical Registration Platform

In order to protect user privacy information on the platform, this paper proposes a two factors authentication algorithm for medical registration platform. This algorithm make up gap that there is no authentication process during user log on the platform. This method is safer than traditional single factor user authentication methods, e.g., inputting password, or biometric authentication. For the proposed scheme, we figure out two different solutions, including SMS-OTP solution and biometrics based solution. Through comparisons at a different angle among these two solutions, a reasonable solution is chosen as the formal one to the platform.

Computer Aided Technique for Finger Print Image Enhancement and Minutiae Extraction

Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and analyzing biological data of human body, extracting a feature set from the acquired data, and comparing this set against to the template set in the database. Biometric techniques are gaining importance for personal authentication and identification as compared to the traditional authentication methods. User verification systems that use a single biometric indicator often have to contend with noisy sensor data, restricted degrees of freedom, and unacceptable error rates. To represent the large amount of data in the biometric images an efficient feature extraction method is needed. This paper presents the feature extraction of fingerprint image processing stages such as image Preprocessing, Converting the image in to gray scale, Image Enhancement can be performed with the help of Discrete Fourier transformation, image Binarization, image segmentation, image thinning, Minutiae Extraction after Minutiae Extraction again segmentation technique is used .In finger print images there are foreground regions and background regions where foreground region show the ridges and valleys while the background regions are to be left out. .The foreground regions have high value while the background regions have low values. Segmentation separates the foreground region from the background image for the reliable extraction of minutiae. The feature extraction is the first step used for matching used in biometric recognition. After feature extraction the next step is preprocessing of Minutiae. The extracted feature is called as templates, which is used in matching.

An image-based authentication for mobile phone to prevent unauthorised usage

The new communications technologies and the convergence of the internet and the mobile phone create possibilities as never seen before in the world. Mobile phones have now become an indispensable tool for man. Attacks on mobile networks and devices have grown in number and sophistication. The need for highly secure identification and personal verification technologies is becoming apparent. Biometric authentication is gaining significance, with these systems offering several advantages over traditional authentication methods. This paper proposes the incorporation of a ‘low quality image’ based face recognition method to prevent the loss of mobile phones. The camera in the mobile phone captures the image of the user and verifies it with the authentication list. The recognised users are allowed to access the mobile. Any mismatch can facilitate the automatic blocking of the SIM card and the permanent locking of the mobile phone to prevent the access to confidential data.

The reliability of traditional authentication – A case of ginseng misfit

Ginseng is a famous herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Herbs like ginseng have traditionally been authenticated by morphological and histological means, but it is difficult to identify these herbs nowadays since they look morphologically similar. The quality of food and pharmaceutical products is important for ensuring efficacy and consumer safety. Although several studies have stated that these traditional methods of authenticating ginseng are now hardly reliable, there have been little or no studies which have documented the reliability of such approaches. We report in this study a case of misidentification of ginsengs based on traditional methods of authentication via morphology, and the ability of using infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis as a rapid form of quality surveillance by discriminating this error.

A Novel Biometric System for Identification and Verification of Haptic Users

Currently, almost all systems involve an identity authentication process before a user can access requested services such as online transactions, entrance to a secured vault, logging into a computer system, accessing laptops, secure access to buildings, etc. Therefore, authentication has become the core of any secure system, wherein most of the cases rely on identity recognition approaches. Biometric systems provide the solution to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a legitimate user and no one else. Biometric systems identify users based on behavioral or physiological characteristics. The advantages of such systems over traditional authentication methods, such as passwords and IDs, are well known; hence, biometric systems are gradually gaining ground in terms of usage. We investigate the issues related to the usage of haptics as a mechanism to extract behavioral features that define a biometric identifier system. In order to test this possibility, we design a haptic system in which position, velocity, force, and torque data from the instrument is continuously measured and stored as users perform a specific task. We analyze the information content of the haptic data generated directly from the instrument's interface. We then measure the physical attributes such as force and torque that provide the richest information content pertaining to a user's identity. Through a series of experimental work, we discover that haptic interfaces are more suited to verification mode rather than identification mode. Finally, we implement a biometric system based on haptics

A conceptual architecture for real‐time intrusion monitoring

The detection and prevention of authorised activities, by both external parties and internal personnel, is an important issue within IT systems. Traditional methods of user authentication and access control do not provide comprehensive protection and offer opportunities for compromise by various classes of abuser. A potential solution is provided in the form of intrusion detection systems, which are able to provide proactive monitoring of system activity and apply automatic responses in the event of suspected problems. This paper presents the principles of intrusion monitoring and then proceeds to describe the conceptual architecture of the Intrusion Monitoring System (IMS), an approach that is the focus of current research and development by the authors. The main functional elements of the IMS architecture are described, followed by thoughts regarding the practical implementation and the associated advantages (and potential disadvantages) that this would deliver. It is concluded that whilst an IMS‐type approach would not represent a total replacement for conventional controls, it would represent an effective means to complement the protection already provided.