Traditional Industrial Areas Research Articles

Do regional tax incentive policies improve productivity?

The difficulty in transforming old industrial areas constitutes a significant factor contributing to regional development imbalances. Can regional tax incentives, as a crucial component of regional policies, polish the "rust belt" regions? This study leverages the inaugural Value-Added Tax (VAT) reform in China as an opportunity to explore the potential of regional tax incentives in achieving sustainable development in traditional industrial areas. Drawing upon a comprehensive industrial enterprise database, we employ a Propensity Score Matching-Difference in Differences (PSM-DID) approach to examine the efficacy of these tax incentives. Our findings reveal that: (1) Regional tax incentives primarily enhance firms productivity by stimulating investment in enterprises, yet they do not contribute to improved investment efficiency or spur innovation within firms. (2) Regional tax incentives have alleviated financing constraints for enterprises in old industrial bases, significantly enhancing the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of firms with higher financing constraints. This policy has had an even stronger impact on improving the TFP of state-owned and monopolistic enterprises. (3) Regional tax incentives have impeded productivity growth by preventing the exit of low-efficiency firms and the entry of high-efficiency ones. These incentives also increased the likelihood of "zombie firms" forming and failed to promote endogenous economic growth in the Northeast region. Additionally, they have distorted the allocation of resources towards capital and technology-intensive industries in that area. In China's old industrial bases, regional tax incentives should be coordinated with market-oriented reforms; these regional tax incentive policies should also be further enriched.

Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Gentrification in Traditional Industrial Areas Using Q Methodology

Tourism gentrification in traditional industrial areas presents issues regarding the privatization of public spaces, transformation of public services to cater to tourists, erosion of community social bonds, and the commodification of regional consumption, which has far-reaching impacts on residents’ stress and their desire to relocate. This study aims to understand the impact of tourism gentrification from residents’ perspectives with a case study of the 798 Industrial Art Zone in Beijing, China. Using Q methodology, residents living in the community (N = 20) were involved in the interviews. The finalized statements (N = 26) were derived from the interviews. Based on the stress threshold theory, the results revealed four factors that influence residents’ stress: neighboring environment, community attachment, economic interest, and cultural identity. This study further proposes a framework with four dimensions (i.e., environmental, relational, economic, and emotional) to explain the relocation decision-making of residents in traditional industrial areas due to stress from interactions with migrants and visitors, and changes to the place-functions of industrial regions and communities. This study is the first to conceptualize tourism gentrification in traditional industrial areas by elucidating the residents’ stress. It provides practical guidance for policymakers and destination marketing organizations for promoting the sustainable development of industrial tourism.

Key factors affecting Industry 4.0 adoption: An empirical study in Hungarian manufacturing companies

Over the past decade, Industry 4.0 technologies have spread in space and time to varying extents, this being influenced by many factors. Evaluating some of these is the main aim of this study, as they have received little attention so far. Based on the experiences of empirical research (questionnaire survey) carried out in a peripherally located, traditional industrial area of Hungary and using statistical methods, the main significance of the study is that it highlights that sectoral affiliation, the internal organisation of companies and the geographical location of their sites, as well as their social and economic environment, all contribute to the intensity of technological change.

Distribution of Microplastic Abundance and Composition in Surface Water around Anthropogenic Areas (Case Study: Jeneberang River, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Microplastic research in urban and industrial areas has been done newly. However, there is still an absence and very little research about microplastic abundances caused by anthropogenic activities in the traditional market, industrial, recreation, and slum area, especially in the Jeneberang River. The Jeneberang River is located in Gowa Regency with its upstream in the Bili-Bili area and empties into the high seas, namely Tanjung Bayang. Jeneberang River water is also used as a source of raw water and for other uses. Therefore, research on the distribution of microplastics in this area is significant to analyze. Microplastic abundance, size, and type research are minimal compared to marine microplastics. Surface water of the river was obtained at eight stations and grouped into four locations based on land use at the riverbank. Microplastic particles were identified using a binocular microscope and categorized by shape and size. The average microplastic concentration fluctuated. It starts from 2.00 ± 1.30 particles per liter of surface water to 5.77 ± 1.25 microplastic particles per liter of surface water. The data on microplastic engagement has been distributed normally (Shapiro-Wilk; p-value > 0.05). Microfiber is the type of microplastic that usually exists in river samples, followed by fragments and films. The Average Size of particles is between 15.33 mm and 26.67 mm. Station 1 A in ± 60 m near the traditional market has a higher microplastic concentration with an average of 5.77 ± 1.25 particle/L, compared to station 2 B and 4 B, which is 4.20 ± 1.30 and 3.93 ± 1.32, respectively.

Towards Multi-Scale Space-Time Characteristics of Air Quality and Population Exposure Risk

In order to formulate policies to control regional air pollution and promote sustainable human–land system development, it is crucial to study the space–time distribution of air pollution and the population exposure risk. Existing studies are limited to individual fine particulate pollutants, which does not fully reflect the comprehensiveness of air quality. In addition, the spatiotemporal distribution of air quality and population exposure risk at different scales need to be further quantified. In this study, we used air monitoring station data and population spatial distribution data to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of air quality, including seasonal variations, variations before and during heating periods, and the occurrence frequency of priority pollutants in the traditional industrial areas of Northeast China in 2015. The population exposure–air pollution risk (PE-APR) model was used to calculate the population exposure risk at different spatial scales. The results suggest that GIS methods and air monitoring data help to establish a comprehensive air quality analysis framework, revealing spring–summer differentiation and the change trend of air quality with latitude. There are significant clustering features of air quality. A grid-scale population exposure–air pollution risk map is not restricted by administrative boundaries, which helps to discover high-risk areas of the main regional economic corridors and differences between inner cities and suburbs. This study provides a reference for understanding the space–time evolution of regional air pollution and formulating coordinated cross-regional air pollution strategies.

Industrial Restructuring through Eco-Transformation: Green Industrial Transfer in Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan, Hunan Province

As industrial activities account for a large part of environmental degradation and carbon emissions in China, the geographic location of industries significantly shapes the environmental performance and quality of life of surrounding areas. Since the late-2000s, China has sought to combat environmental degradation through the relocation of polluting industries particularly from industrial areas within inner cities. Using the concept of industrial transfer, which has been used in the Chinese context to capture not only the relocation of, but also structural and procedural changes to, firms, the paper analyses recent changes to China’s industrial structure. These occurred during the so-called eco-transformation, which seeks to improve China’s environmental performance. The paper expands the concept of industrial transfer by focusing on the intra-regional processes of this wider policy-led eco-transformation process based on the case studies of three traditional industrial areas in Hunan province. Case study results suggest that the ongoing phase of industrial transfer differs from previous regional transfers as it considers environmental impacts, elevates the relevance of the urban and local scale, involves new actor groups and offers benefits to both original and new locations.

Synergistic Evaluation and Constraint Factor Analysis on Urban Industrial Ecosystems of Traditional Industrial Area in China

Industrial ecology is an advanced form and ideal model of modern industrial development, in which the industrial ecosystem is the core. Based on the PSR model, this paper builds a comprehensive evaluation index system for urban industrial ecosystem development and selects 14 prefecture-level cities in Liaoning Province of the traditional industrial area in Northeastern China as cases to calculate the development level of its industrial ecosystem during 2000–2018 using an improved Topsis method and then to conduct a spatial visualization analysis. Finally, based on the “stress-state-response” subsystem, this paper diagnoses the constraints for industrial ecosystem development, which can provide a reference basis for decision-making in industrial ecology of traditional industrial area represented by those in Northeast China. The results show the following: (1) From 2000 to 2018, the industrial ecology of the 14 cities in Liaoning Province was at a medium level. Except for Shenyang and Dalian with the rapid development, the difference of industrial ecosystem development for other cities was relatively small. (2) From 2000 to 2018, the industrial ecosystem development of each city was in a status of “either increasing, or decreasing, or fluctuating,” which generally raised first and then decreased. Regarding spatial difference, the development exhibited a “center-periphery” pattern, with Shenyang and Dalian as the “dual-core” that were increasingly strengthened with significantly high-level industrial ecology. (3) At system level, PSR constraint grades for the industrial ecosystem development in the 14 cities of Liaoning Province were different. Constraint grades in the pressure subsystem, the state subsystem, and the response subsystem for the industrial ecosystem of Liaoning were 45.73%, 20.01%, and 34.34%, respectively, indicating that the lack of human response to the ecological environment and the pressure of human activities on the ecological environment during the industrial economy development were the main constraints affecting the process of industrial ecology in these cities. (4) Due to the differences in geographical environments, economic bases, industrial structures, and local development contexts, the major constraint factors of industrial ecosystem development in different cities are significantly different and complicated; however, there are five factors that are generally considered as major constraint factors in all cities, i.e., regional GDP, number of labor force employed in the secondary industrial sector, gross investment in fixed assets, amount of industrial sulfur dioxide removal, and production value from “three-wastes” comprehensive utilization. At last, this paper puts forward some recommendations and suggestions for providing scientific support for industrial ecosystem construction in the traditional industrial area of Northeastern China.

Estimating the urban soil information gap using exhaustive land cover data: The example of Flanders, Belgium

Human activities related to urbanization and industrialization have established a vast territory of urban soil worldwide. On traditional soil maps, urban and industrial areas usually appear as blind spots as they were beyond the interest of national soil survey campaigns. Furthermore, these soil maps are likely already outdated with respect to urban soil due to rapid urban expansion in recent decades. This research aims to evaluate the use of land cover data to estimate the urban soil information gap considering the highly urbanized region of Flanders, Belgium, as a case study. The current extent and spatial distribution of anthropogenic urban soil (1) was estimated through reclassification of recently acquired (2012) exhaustive land cover data, discriminating three qualitative likelihood levels (high-intermediate-low) of anthropogenic influence by urbanization, and (2) compared with its occurrence as represented by the ‘Technosols/Not Surveyed area’ in the legacy soil map of Belgium, as this map unit best matches with the likelihood for anthropogenic urban soil at the time of the National Soil Survey conducted between end 1940s and mid 1970s. The proposed reclassification of the land cover map resulted in 16.3% and 16.7% of Flanders' total area that corresponds with a high and intermediate likelihood for anthropogenic urban soil, which highlights the underestimation of the anthropogenic urban soil extent as represented by the ‘Technosol/ Not Surveyed’ unit in the legacy soil map (only 13.7%). Moreover, a more realistic spatial pattern of anthropogenic urban soil occurrence was obtained, providing an improved basis for urban soil spatial analysis studies. The produced anthropogenic urban soil likelihood map therefore presents a useful supporting tool for coordinating future soil surveys in urban environments.

东北老工业区生态安全动态演变过程及驱动力

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 东北老工业区生态安全动态演变过程及驱动力 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201609101837 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41471116，71303230）；中国科学院青年创新促进会（2016181）；辽宁省自然科学基金（201602743，20170540898）；辽宁省博士科研启动基金（201501037）；四川省社会科学重点研究基地——四川循环经济研究中心项目（XHJJ-1505，XHJJ-1611） Dynamic evolution and driving forces of ecological security in the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态安全与国防安全、经济安全、金融安全等已具有同等重要的战略地位，并成为未来经济社会安全的主要约束。东北老工业区作为我国重要的老工业基地及粮食生产基地，其生态安全状况关系着中国可持续发展战略的实施。采用能值-生态足迹模型，对东北老工业区2000-2014年生态安全动态演变过程进行时间序列的定量分析，并采用主成分分析方法分析其驱动力。结果表明：研究期内，人均能值生态承载力从0.66 hm2/人下降到0.64 hm2/人，人均能值生态足迹由10.58 hm2/人增加到19.85 hm2/人，处于生态赤字状态，且赤字增大趋势明显；生态压力指数与生态安全等级均不断增大，生态安全状况呈恶化趋势，生态安全问题亟待解决，而这是由社会经济、人口状况、资源环境、技术水平及土地利用程度等因素共同驱动的结果。最后，提出了改善东北老工业区生态安全状况的对策建议。 Abstract:Ecological security is as important as national, economic, and financial security and has become the main constraint of future socio-economic security. The Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China is an important traditional industrial and grain production base of China, and its ecological security is related to the implementation of sustainable development strategies. Based on the emergy-ecological footprint model, the ecological security in Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China was quantitatively evaluated from 2000 to 2014, followed by a scenario analysis on the driving forces of the ecological security using a principal component analysis method. The results showed that, the value of emergy ecological-capacity per capita decreased from 0.66 to 0.64 hm2/cap, whereas the emergy-ecological footprint increased from 10.58 to 19.85 hm2/cap, which indicated that an ecological deficit existed in the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China. The ecological pressure in this area increased, showing an unsustainable development trend from 2000 to 2014. The ecological pressure index and ecological security levels gradually increasing, ecological security situation is deteriorating, ecological security issues to be urgent resolved. The ecological stress tended to be serious as a result of a combination of several factors, such as social, economic, population, resource, environmental, technological level, and land use degree. Finally, effective management strategies and suggestions to improve the ecological security of the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China were proposed. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

INNOVATION-BASED BROWNFIELDS, GEOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHERS IN CEE COUNTRIES - HOLISTIC APPROACH

The occurrence of brownfields areas is related to fast development within industrial activity. Conventional labour-intense industrial activities were losing their significance and new highly-productive activities, based on educated labour force and higher added value, developed. De-industrialisation occurred. The external signs of negative de-industrialisation are mostly degradation of space, unemployment, social endangerment, increase of crime and marginalisation of the population in the affected areas. Based on the experience gained working on an international project ReTInA - Revitalization of Traditional Industrial Areas in South East Europe we came to the conclusion that the role of Geography and geographers is too inconsiderable and not in accordance with global trends of interdisciplinary approach to problem solving. We see the problem in an inadequate approach to solving revitalisations from top to bottom as well as in the ill-defined role of Geography and geographers. Findings, gained through multiyear work on the project are the following: the place and role of Geography and geographers solving the problem of brownfields need to be defined anew.

Holistic Approach to Revitalised Old Industrial Areas

Old industrial centers, especially those in the South-eastern Europe (SEE) which had developed in a different socio-economic system, did not respond to changes in global economic trends of the post-industrial production in a timely manner. Integration in the Common European Market and transition to market economy brought a rapid breakdown of traditional industry sectors. University of Maribor participated in the international project ReTInA – Revitalization of Traditional Industrial Areas within the SEE program. The main aim of the project was to develop a method of Revitalization of old industrial areas in SEE based on a model which results from good practice, case studies and includes engagement of local and regional stakeholders. Socio-political changes in the European area very often resulted in the open question of ownership and the conflict of interests between the public and private sectors. Social responsibility in the initiators of Revitalization is also not developed sufficiently for public funds to be allocated for the preparation of the area (planning, decontamination, spatial plan, etc.) to attract the investors. In the context of the project we came to the conclusion that the SEE countries do not pursue the implementation of the European spatial development perspective policies. We established that a majority of countries do not have adequate strategies to tackle the problem of brownfields. Problems also occur due to the lack of adequate experts. Only the holistic approach to Revitalization of old industrial areas will enable us to assure a new quality to managing urban environment of the degraded cities. The long-term aim of the project is Revitalization of old industrial areas in order to provide new jobs and assure sustainable development, as well as to create synergy between providing quality living, social security and sustainability.

Study on Wearable Computer Applications in the Industrial Field

Wearable computer will give a huge impact on traditional industries, which can effectively overcome the traditional industrial areas in the mobile monitoring, data acquisition, and the difficulties encountered by the large and complex equipment installation, maintenance and breakdown maintenance, special industrial field operations, remote collaboration. This paper is to study the wearable computer applications in the industrial field, and wearable computer design specifications. The model of the hardware and software is designed based on these indicators, and study and design a complete design.

Socio-economic changes in the Rybnik conurbation (Poland) as a result of economic restructuring – a case study

Abstract The Rybnik conurbation is an example of a traditional industrial area, where, due to economic restructuring, social and economic transformations are taking place. It is located in the Silesian voivodeship (southern Poland) and its development is mostly based on intensive coal mining after the Second World War. The article presents selected aspects of social and economic transformation happening in the area of the Rybnik conurbation after 1945 and connected with its rapid economic development in the 1960s and 70s, as well as with the systematic and economic transformation in Poland after 1989. The article was prepared on the base of subject literature, statistics and own studies. Population transformations have been analysed for the period 1980-2010, in each case, in relation to selected administrative units and three zones of the conurbation - the core, the inner and the outer areas. In order to evaluate and compare the demographic situation in the Rybnik conurbation in the years 1988 and 2008, a rank method has been applied. Community classification has been based on the total value of ranks for particular communities for the following variables: birth rate, population growth, net migration rate and the participation of the population in the pre-working and post-working age. The results of population transformation indicate that until 1991, the population of the Rybnik conurbation had been increasing (up to 197.7 thousand people). In the period 1991-2012, it decreased by 26.4 thousand (i.e. by 3.8%). In the same period of time, depopulation took place in the largest mining cities of the conurbation core (Wodzisław Śląski, 56.1%, connected with its administrative division into 4 towns and 1 rural community; Jastrzębie-Zdrój - 12.3%, Żory - 7.8% and Rybnik, to a lesser degree - 2.7%). The rank method that was applied has revealed the worsened demographic condition in the western communes of the conurbation (a shift from weak to bad). Simultaneously, in the period 1990-2012, the population gradually increased in the outer zone of the conurbation, by 6.8%. This indicates the process of suburbanisation taking place in the area. Demographic and economic changes in the Rybnik conurbation after 1989, in comparison to other mining areas in Poland and in Europe, seem to be less intensive.

Hazardous Heavy Metal Distribution in Dahuofang Catchment, Fushun, Liaoning, an Important Industry City in China: A Case Study

Located in Liaoning Province, one of the traditional heavy industrial areas in China, Dahuofang Reservoir provides drinking water for nearly 30 000 000 citizens, as well as industrial and agricultural water for dozens of several cities and rural areas. The distribution of hazardous heavy metals is described in several types of soil, crops, and in different industrial or mining areas and main sewage irrigation areas. Five possible reasons that may cause the pollution are analyzed and listed. Also we provide some pragmatic suggestions for the remediation of heavy metals in contaminated soils.

Interdisciplinary methodological approach to the process of brownfield revitalisation of traditional industrial areas

Traditional industrial regions in the South-East Europe (SEE) represent an underexplored economic value. Revitalisation is delayed and hindered because of legal, financial, environmental and image problems. This weakens competitive investment position for cities and for SEE as a European region. This paper aims at presenting interdisciplinary methodological approach used in a brownfield revitalisation research project. The research work methodology applies the endogenous approach (“bottom up”) on a basis of newly defined land use category of brownfields by the local community. Geography science enjoys an advantage of complexity of understanding spatial issues. This enables geographers to coordinate and harmonize interests between the owners, stakeholders, legislation and human resources. In addition to geographical areas (economic, traffic, demographic, environmental and regional geography) directly involved in the project applicative research, this also includes collaboration of architects, lawyers and economists. The form of applicative research work presented is being developed within the international Revitalisation of Traditional Industrial Areas in South-East Europe (ReTInA) project. The project is funded in the context of the SEE European Transnational Cooperation Programme 2009/12, involving ten partners from seven countries. The main result of the project will be the new methodology and tools to boost brownfield revitalisation in the municipalities and in old industrial areas of SEE region.

Budapest ipari területei az utóbbi évtizedben

A főváros tradicionális ipari területein az utóbbi évtizedben is folytatódtak azok a folyamatok (de- és reindusztrializáció, rehabilitáció, ipari területek csökkenése, funkcióváltás), amelyek az 1990-es évtizedben voltak jellemzőek, de már sok vonatkozásban különböznek is azoktól. Tulajdonképpen ezeket mutatja be ez a tanulmány egy újabb felmérésre alapozva.

La compétitivité des régions

Regions are increasingly becoming a main engine of globalization and are playing a more and more important role in economic development policies. As a consequence, regional authorities must be very attentive to the competitiveness of their region. In a first part of the paper, some main economic European indicators are analyzed for the traditional industrial regions and metropolitan areas in order to put forward the real position of the Walloon as well as Brussels-Capital regions. As other European regions, Walloon and Brussels policy-makers have implemented a new industrial policy based on the promotion and the support of competitiveness clusters. The main characteristics of this policy and of its implementation as well as its forces and weaknesses are reviewed in the second part of the paper.JEL Codes – R58, R38, R11.

Restructuring Europe’s Rustbelt

With the enlargement of the European Union its “Rustbelt”, the mosaic of regions traditionally specialised in heavy industries such as coal and steel, will also be enlarged. The new member states in Eastern Europe have many regions that face industrial decline and need to be restructured. What can these traditional industrial areas learn from the case of the German Ruhrgebiet, one of Europe’s most prominent examples of regional industrial restructuring?

Changing the economic landscape: The phenomenon of regional inversion in the US manufacturing sector

Regional inversion is the name given to the phenomenon whereby the traditional industrial areas of certain countries lose their weight in favor of what were formerly peripheral zones. Against this background our first objective is to offer a formal and rigorous definition of the concept of regional inversion from an econometric standpoint. To that end we relate such a process with the long-run concepts of convergence and catching-up. Secondly, we test this definition through the use of unit root statistics and apply these to demonstrate the presence of this phenomenon in some of the US two-digit SIC industries.

Changing the economic landscape: The phenomenon of regional inversion in the US manufacturing sector

Abstract Regional inversion is the name given to the phenomenon whereby the traditional industrial areas of certain countries lose their weight in favor of what were formerly peripheral zones. Against this background our first objective is to offer a formal and rigorous definition of the concept of regional inversion from an econometric standpoint. To that end we relate such a process with the long‐run concepts of convergence and catching‐up. Secondly, we test this definition through the use of unit root statistics and apply these to demonstrate the presence of this phenomenon in some of the US two‐digit SIC industries.