Traditional Customs Research Articles

Peranan Guru Bungan Dalam Melaksanakan Ritual Ngayo

According to local residents, the Long Amo village, also known as Uma Kayan Long Amo is a Kayan village located in Belaga, Sarawak. Some of the residents of this village still practice the traditional customs of the Kayan community, the Bungan customs, which have now been adopted as a religion by its devotees. In the religious customs of Bungan, there is a ritual that has its own significance for the Kayan community, which is the Ngayo ritual. The specific implementation of this ritual shows its significancee and position within the Kayan community. This ritual is led by an individual called Guru Bungan. The Guru Bungan also plays an important role in every other Bungan religious ritual. This article aims to explain the role of Guru Bungan in performing Ngayo ritual. A fundamental study was designed using qualitative methods to obtain data of this study. Given the significant knowledge gap on this topic, interviews were selected as the main method for data collection. The informants interviewed are Guru Bungan and selected villagers who are experts in this ritual.The findings of this study indicates that Guru Bungan bears a high responsibility in the traditional customs of the Kayan community. Guru Bungan is one of the individuals who must be present in almost all the cycles of Ngayo ritual ceremonies. The function of Guru Bungan in the Ngayo ritual is as the leader of the ritual ceremony who gives numerous instructions and reminders to ensure that every equipment and requirement in performing the ritual is done correctly. In addition, Guru Bungan also acts as an intermediary for Bungan religious customs and its followers.

DA’WAH TO FARMERS AND FISHERMAN COMMUNITIES

This article discusses the role and strategies of da'wah in enhancing religious awareness and spiritual well-being among farmers and fishermen of the Kaili ethnic group. Through field studies and data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and literature reviews, this research explores how da'wah can address their religious and spiritual needs. The findings reveal that the Kaili farmers and fishermen heavily rely on agriculture and fishing as their primary livelihood. They have a strong connection with nature and their surrounding environment, uphold traditional values and customs, and exhibit high solidarity and communal spirit. However, they face challenges such as limited resources, unpredictable weather and seasons, economic difficulties, as well as geographical and social isolation. In this context, da'wah plays a crucial role in strengthening the faith and spiritual well-being of the Kaili community. Effective da'wah approaches encompass education and dissemination, social engagement, and technology-based initiatives. The implications of this research can serve as a guide for da'wah activists, government entities, and related organizations in developing relevant and impactful da'wah strategies for the farmers and fishermen, particularly within the context of the Kaili ethnic group.

SIMILARITIES OF KOREAN AND UZBEK NATIONAL HOLIDAYS TASHKENT STATE UNIVERSITY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES

This article discusses the national holidays and culture of the Korean nation using the example of South Korea. The traditional customs of the Korean nation are fundamentally different from the culture of other eastern nations.

Analysis of the Image of Wicked Women in Literary and Artistic Work

In the past, the main characteristics of female characters that people came into contact with in books, movies, and TV dramas were mostly kindness, integrity, magnanimity, and selflessness. They not only represented peoples yearning for truth, goodness, and beauty, but also were used as growth templates for countless girls due to their positive images. But in recent years, it is not difficult to find that the most sought-after female characters are mostly bound up with negative words such as revenge, madness, ferocity, and selfishness. When we stand on the standpoint of feminism, it is not difficult to find that these wicked women who do not follow the principles of men in their behavior, whether they go out of their families to participate in social affairs, or face their own desires, boldly breaking through the constraints of ethics and morality, all reflect their sense of autonomy and desire to live the value of being a person. However, the outcome of these women is mostly bleak, even if they spend their entire lives fighting, they still cannot break free from the heavy shackles of patriarchal society. From this, it can be seen the difficulty of traditional customs and the difficulty of womens liberation. This article analyzes the oppression and positive significance of the image of wicked woman in patriarchal and patriarchal societies from an objective perspective through the study of the image of wicked woman and attempts to provide ideas for shaping more diverse female roles in the future.

Cultural Metaphor in Oboo Worship: A Religious Anthropological Study Based on Mongolian Nationality

This paper explores the cultural and spiritual significance of Mongolian Oboo sacrifices from an anthropological perspective. Oboo, traditional cairns or shrines assembled from stones and wooden materials, often located on hilltops or mountain peaks, serve as media of spiritual communication and ceremonial offerings. The practices reinforce communal bonds and tradition continuance and carry several symbolic meanings related to both natural and spiritual realms. The study explores the form and content of Oboo sacrifices, demonstrating how they embody Mongolians' religious ideologies and symbolize the interconnection between humans and the natural world. Furthermore, the paper studies how the rituals form collective memory and a sense of group identity for Mongolians. Through this investigation, the research illuminates the enduring resilience and sophistication of Mongolian traditional customs, underscoring their cultural significance.

Visual Elements in Digital Technology Platforms and Visualized Communication in Spreading of False Information

Digital technology has demonstrated humongous benefits in spreading of information and awareness creation. Digital media platforms are observable facts that have turned out to be pervasive as the presence and use of digital platforms by netizens. Even more puzzling in several discourses is the near absence of the cultural strengthening and self-motivated of existence, particularly in Nigeria. This represents a new boundary of challenge. The use of visual elements in digital technology platforms and visualized communication in spreading of false information in Nigeria should be regulated. Its format is most used in promoting this practice. The major platforms used are WhatsApp, Facebook, YouTube and Instagram. This study utilized Survey design to obtain secondary data in literature and descriptive statistics were adopted using a self-structured questionnaire. The study adopts Technological Determinism theory and Disruptive Technology theory in observation of distinctiveness submissions to better knowledge of netizens behavioural pattern. Findings reveal that that digital technology user’s spread false information to gain attention, although significant confidence is placed on digital media platforms; many netizens hide their real identities. The study found out that false information spread through it creates panic and tension, pseudo identities dictate because sharing personal information violates long-standing culture of social identity secrecy entrenched in customary traditions in many parts of Nigeria. It was also found that emergence and continual spreading of false information need to be dealt with by imbibing societal value re-orientation for digital technology users; building their understanding and educating the masses. Spreading of false information has given rise to insecurity in Nigerian. Several unknown armed groups, tribal mercenaries and religious fundamentalist are proof of banditry and insecurity in Nigeria. Aside explaining themselves with overt and covert cultural distinctions of digital technology users, the study concludes that software engineers in Nigeria require developing modified software and re-categorizing bots accounts, and chat-bots especially into algorithmic template because of the socio-psychological peculiarities of the clime. The paper recommends the potential valuing and strengthening of digital technology platforms in ensuring reduction of spreading of false information in Nigeria.

Local Epistemic Consciousness as A Basis for Attaching Responsibility for Marine Conservation in the Indonesian Coastal Region

The sea is the primary resource that needs to be maintained by all people based on its benefits. However, marine conservation efforts are only carried out by individuals related to them, especially local coastal communities. This condition implies that conservation efforts are never carried out optimally due to a lack of consciousness. This research aims to utilize the structure of epistemic consciousness as a means to convey social responsibility for protecting the marine environment. This research will employ a philosophical hermeneutics approach involving epistemology, ethics, human philosophy, and psychotherapy. The results of this research demonstrate that epistemic consciousness in an individual can enhance their abilities and understanding in adapting their knowledge framework to environmental conservation efforts. This consciousness is also capable of guiding an individual's responsibility in processing information and making decisions in specific contexts, especially in the local sense. Instilling a sense of responsibility can be achieved through the use of taglines and the symbolization of religious beliefs and traditional customs.

CULTURAL EROSION IN INDIA : CULTURAL LOSS AND A THREAT TO THE NATION'S TRADITIONS AND ETHNICITY

CULTURAL EROSION IN INDIA : CULTURAL LOSS AND A THREAT TO THE NATION'S TRADITIONS AND ETHNICITY

The relationship of the concepts of legal tradition and legal custom

The relationship of the concepts of legal tradition and legal custom

Cognitive Gender Differences in Comments to Gender-Related Hot Topics on Chinese Social Media

In contemporary society, issues of women’s rights and gender equality have always been a focus of attention. Despite some progress made over the past few decades, gender inequality persists across various fields, sparking a series of feminist movements and actions. In China, a unique gender equality concern—the “bride price”—has garnered significant attention. As part of traditional Chinese wedding customs, the bride price symbolizes the groom’s respect for the bride. Nevertheless, in modern society, the escalating bride price amounts have led to differences in perceptions and competitive mindsets, making it a significant point of conflict within marriages. This paper analyses the commentary content on topics such as childbirth, the workplace, sexual assault, and the bride price on China’s social media platform, Weibo. Using textual analysis, it examines the emotional differences and content variations in comments between genders. The research reveals that female bloggers (67%) are more engaged in discussions related to gender issues than males (33%). Word frequency analysis shows similar concerns across topics, but men tend to prioritize material and financial aspects,” when discussing bride price. Women, on the other hand, express dissatisfaction through personal experiences, while men tend to consider the issue from their own perspectives.

ҰЛТТЫҚ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРДІ ЕСКЕРЕ ОТЫРЫП ЕУРОПАЛЫҚ ҰҒЫМДАРДЫ ОҚЫТУ ӘДІСТЕМЕСІ

The article cites examples of the issued related to the communicative competence formation.These issues have been effectively examined through various research methods, including logical and comparative analysis, formal interviews, and informal conversations. These approaches allow for a comparison of the characteristics of both countries, incorporating the views and experiences of the students themselves. Through a functional methodological approach, the purpose and objectives of the article have been determined. This enabled to fully reveal all aspects of the issue under review. Also, a systematic methodological approach formed the basis of the direct workflow. At the same time, the methods of forming communicative competence were examined. The core concepts associated with the research problem were thoroughly examined using an analytical approach. The comparison method is integral to this study, as the article highlights examples of communicative competence, clarifies European terms, and presents methods for understanding them while taking into account Kazakh national beliefs and values. A survey was conducted among students, and a methodological conclusion was drawn based on the findings. The article emphasizes the importance of the issues discussed, noting that each nation has its own distinct characteristics. In light of ongoing efforts to revive traditional Kazakh customs and practices, the topics covered in this article are particularly relevant.

УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ВЕКТОР ТВОРЧИХ ПОШУКІВ КАНАДСЬКО- УКРАЇНСЬКОГО МИТЦЯ ВАСИЛЯ КУРИЛИКА

The purpose of the article is to study the Ukrainian context in Vasyl Kurylyk’s artworks through the prism of his socio-historical coordinate system (origin, environment, psychological and mental state, formation of aesthetic artistic foundations, foci of creative formation). Research methods are applied on the basis of an anthropocentric approach, focusing on the personality of Vasyl Kurylyk and his literary (autobiography, explanations of paintings) and painting works. The author used principles and methods of historical-anthropological research in combination with biographical, iconographic, historical-analytical, figurative and stylistic methods. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author of the article analyzes the works of Vasyl Kurylyk, which have a clearly expressed Ukrainian vector. As a result of the research, the author concludes a powerful Ukrainian foundation in Vasyl Kurylyk’s consciousness and self-identification which was formed thanks to the stories of his parents, research and the significant influence of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada. It was reflected in the artist’s works, which have a Ukrainian vector. The artist’s autobiography gives us a clear signal about the artist’s indifferent attitude towards the country of origin of his ancestors. Interest in Ukrainian history, ethnography, literature, folklore, traditional Ukrainian customs and rites is reflected in a large number of works of Vasyl Kurylyk. While studying these works one might understand how acutely the topic of origin and reasons for parents’ emigration was experienced by the artist. Apparently, Vasyl Kurylyk tried to find answers to questions related to Old Country all his life. After his two visits to Ukraine at the end of his life he partially completed the puzzle of his perception of Ukrainian realities and hidden meanings. In our opinion, the main idea he wanted to express through his works with the Ukrainian vector is the statement that Ukrainians have never lost their identity and regardless of the troubles that happened to them, they always remained a part of the multicultural Canadian community.

„SEKS-APEL“ U MEĐURATNOM BEOGRADU: RODNO ČITANjE TERAZIJA BOŠKA TOKINA

This paper aims to study gender identities in the novel Terazije by Boško Tokin, which is considered by some literary critics to be the first modern novel of the Serbian literature. In his story of interwar Belgrade, Tokin depicts a world in which traditional morality and customs have been replaced by the amorality of the new age, in which each individual is left to themselves and their conscience, and there are no social penalties for great sinners. At the beginning of the work, we gave an overview of the reception of this novel, starting from the first reviews in the contemporary press, through lack of interest for the most of the twentieth century, to the renewed interest in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. In the part of the work dedicated to the analysis of the novel, we first reflected on the formation of the character of the modern woman, shown through the marriage of Đorđe and Olga, but also her subsequent moral downfall. After that, we analyzed Đorđe’s relationship with the maid Zuza and interpreted the space of Palilula as an expressionist locus amoenis in which a man gains freedom from a woman. Olivera Jovićević, wife of MP Sima, as the character of a sexually frustrated woman, offered another look at a woman of the new age, who will still experience her most complete incarnation in Zora Bogosavljević, whose relationship with the bon vivant Strahinja represents an apology of free love. This, however, stands in sharp contrast to Zora’s tragic ending, which shows a split in Tokin’s approach to this character. The final part of the work is dedicated to cross-dresser Rista/Rikica, one of the earliest characters of homosexuals in the Serbian literature. These characters depict Toxin’s complex and often contradictory attitude towards issues of gender, sexuality, and morality and attract the modern reader with their modernity.

Self-assembled thin films as alternative surface textures in assistive aids with users who are blind.

Current tactile graphics primarily render tactile information for blind users through physical features, such as raised bumps or lines. However, the variety of distinctive physical features that can be created is effectively saturated, and alternatives to these physical features are not currently available for static tactile aids. Here, we explored the use of chemical modification through self-assembled thin films to generate distinctive textures in tactile aids. We used two silane precursors, n-butylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane and n-pentyltrichlorosilane, to coat playing card surfaces and investigated their efficacy as a tactile coating. We verified the surface coating process and examined their durability to repeated use by traditional materials characterization and custom mesoscale friction testing. Finally, we asked participants who were both congenitally blind and braille-literate to sort the cards based on touch. We found that participants were able to identify the correct coated card with 82% accuracy, which was significantly above chance, and two participants achieved 100% accuracy. This success with study participants demonstrates that surface coatings and surface modifications might augment or complement physical textures in next-generation tactile aids.

Representations of Palestinian Culture in the Digital Public Sphere: A Semiotic Analysis of the Thobe and the Keffiyeh

Palestinian cultural identity has always been the flip side of the Palestinian people’s political resistance. While many studies have examined Palestinian culture from political and historical perspectives, limited academic works have investigated how social media plays a role in providing opportunities for Palestinians to resist negative stereotypes and provide alternative representations of their cultural symbols, including traditional customs. In its attempt to fill a gap in the existing body of knowledge, this article examines the contemporary representation of Palestinian culture, in particular, national garments—the thobe and keffiyeh —in the digital public sphere. Through employing theories of representation, the digital public sphere and applying semiotic analysis, this article follows four main X (formerly known as Twitter) hashtag-based trends that highlight traditional Palestinian garments (thobe and keffiyeh): #MyHistoricalThobe, #TweetYourThobe, #WorldKeffiyehDay, and #KeffiyehDay. Forty tweets extracted from top 10 X accounts, which first appeared in a hashtag search and were tweeted using these hashtags, were selected and coded. Using a semiotic analysis, the article deconstructed the tweets into connotation and denotation elements to better understand what the thobe and the keffiyeh mean collectively in the context of Palestinian cultural narrative. This research contributes to the debate concerning the relationship between interactive digital platforms and contemporary cultural resistance. It pushes forth the argument that shared representations of national cultural symbols are noticed when examining, and collectively reading, particular social media-based campaigns.

Meaning of the Traditional Custom Regarding the Umbilical Cord in the Sahafatra Society in Vondrozo District

Meaning of the Traditional Custom Regarding the Umbilical Cord in the Sahafatra Society in Vondrozo District

Traditions, Rituals and Policy on Gender Discrimination in Nepal

This research investigates the impact of cultural traditions on gender discrimination in Nepal, particularly through the lens of sex-selective abortion. Despite some progress, deeply rooted cultural practices continue to influence policy-making and implementation, especially regarding gender issues. These traditional customs persistently shape childbirth practices, educational opportunities, and basic rights, perpetuating gender discrimination. This study examines how entrenched cultural norms both support and hinder the advancement of gender equality in Nepal. Focusing on the interaction between cultural traditions and gender-related policies, the research explores how these customs affect birthing practices and healthcare policies. It also analyzes the cultural norms that dictate educational expectations for women and girls and evaluates the broader implications for gender rights. The study highlights how ritualistic childbirth practices and gender-specific educational expectations create disparities and challenge the effectiveness of gender equality initiatives. Recent reforms and cultural shifts in Nepal reflect efforts to address these gender imbalances. This study emphasizes the need for policy frameworks that respect cultural traditions while promoting gender equality. By integrating primary qualitative data with secondary sources and using descriptive and analytical methods, the research provides a comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities in aligning tradition with modern gender equality goals. Ultimately, the study advocates for ongoing reform and cultural adaptation to effectively combat gender discrimination and ensure equal rights for all individuals in Nepal. It underscores the importance of developing policies that acknowledge and integrate cultural contexts while striving for genuine gender equality.

The Role of Water in Hospitality: A Comparative Analysis of the Kyrgyz Conceptual Worldview

This paper explores the role of water in Kyrgyz culture, examining its significance in the context of globalization and its implications for the hospitality industry. Drawing from cultural practices involving water as a symbol of hospitality, we explore how cultural sensitivity and understanding shape cross-cultural communication and influence employee and tourist behavior in the hospitality. Through an analysis of traditional customs and proverbs related to water, we seek to provide a deeper understanding of the role of water in fostering hospitality and building connections in a globalized world.

Aghi Ghayo Onam: Religious and Costumery Tradition by Malay Kampar People in Islamic Perspective

The festival of Aghi Ghayo Onam (The Sixth Feast Day) is celebrated extensively in Kampar, even more so than Idul Fitri on the first day of Shawwal. This sixth-day celebration has become a customary tradition passed down through generations and regularly practised by the people of Kampar Regency. Previous research lacks a detailed examination of the religious customs and attire of the Malay Kampar Riau community from an Islamic viewpoint. This present study seeks to examine these traditions through an Islamic lens. The research methodology employed was qualitative, with observation of cultural events and practices, and analysis of relevant literature as primary data collection and the support data will involve unstructured interviews with community members. The findings of the study reveal that the Malay Kampar people's Aghi Ghayo Onam tradition is deeply intertwined with their cultural practices. Islamic teachings inform their daily lives, including their clothing, food, and social interactions in the tradition. The community also places great importance on maintaining its cultural identity through its traditional food, which is characterized by vibrant colours, intricate patterns, and the spices of the authentic local food. The study concludes that an understanding of these traditions is essential for promoting interfaith dialogue and cultural understanding in a diverse society.

Penerapan Hukum Adat di Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana pada Kasus Pencurian Sepatu di Aceh

Custom norms that develop in society in traditions and customs passed down from generation to generation are the customary law. In contrast to positive law, which is based on accepted social norms and covers topics such as property ownership, inheritance, and marriage, negative law is based on facts. Discussion of traditional customs and values is the core of this system, that customary law has an impact on the social and economic life of the community that practices the law. In general, Customary Law is customary law, meaning that its provisions are based on the will of the community and can change over time, becoming non-written law that is recognized by communities everywhere. This nation also recognizes Adat as a valid form of law. When Indonesia became a nation, one of the things created and contained in the 1945 Constitution was the supremacy of law. As written in article 18B paragraph 2 of the 1945 Constitution, “which explains that Indonesia as a country recognizes and respects the unity of customary law communities and their traditional rights as long as they are still alive and in accordance with the development of society and also the principles of the Republic of Indonesia or the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, as stated in regulated in law.” This law can also be said to be one of the oldest laws when compared to other legal systems in Indonesia because it has been passed down from generation to generation by the people.