Perspective Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Articles

The Influence of Percutaneous Endoscopy-Assisted Transforaminal Lumbar Decompression and Fusion in the Treatment of Single-Level Lumbar Spinal Stenosis on Multifidus Muscle from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To analyze the effect of percutaneous endoscopy assisted transforaminal lumbar spinal stenosis on multiissuis. Methods: Ten patients of single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis were selected from January 2020 to January 2021. All patients were treated with percutaneous endoscopic-assisted transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion. Postoperative basic information was recorded, comparing efficacy related indicators before and after surgery, and lumbar polyfiis injury before and after surgery. Results: All patients completed the operation successfully, with no symptom aggravation or recurrence, and no serious complications. VAS score and VAS score of leg pain at 7d, March and June, and ODI level at 3 and June were significantly better than those before surgery, with P <0.05. In terms of patient serum CK level, postoperative 1d was significantly higher than preoperative, P <0.05, and no significant difference between postoperative 7d, P> 0.05. In Max-CSA, postoperative 7d was significantly greater than preoperative, P <0.05; no significant difference between postoperative March and June months compared with preoperative, P> 0.05. In terms of patient PI level, postoperative 7d was significantly greater than preoperative, with P <0.05, neither postoperative March nor June months were significant compared with preoperative difference, with P> 0.05. Conclusion: From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the application of percutaneous endoscopy-assisted transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion in the treatment of single segment lumbar spinal stenosis can achieve good early effect, and will not have a significant impact on the changes of polyfiis morphology and blood perfusion.

Using Text Mining and Data Visualization Approaches for Investigating Mental Illness from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Background and Objectives. Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders, and due to the COVID-19 pandemic, more people are suffering from anxiety and depressive disorders, and a considerable fraction of COVID-19 survivors have a variety of persistent neuropsychiatric problems after the initial infection. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers a different perspective on mental disorders from Western biomedicine. Effective management of mental disorders has become an increasing concern in recent decades due to the high social and economic costs involved. This study attempts to express and ontologize the relationships between different mental disorders and physical organs from the perspective of TCM, so as to bridge the gap between the unique terminology used in TCM and a medical professional. Materials and Methods. Natural language processing (NLP) is introduced to quantify the importance of different mental disorder descriptions relative to the five depots and two palaces, stomach and gallbladder, through the classical medical text Huangdi Neijing and construct a mental disorder ontology based on the TCM classic text. Results. The results demonstrate that our proposed framework integrates NLP and data visualization, enabling clinicians to gain insights into mental health, in addition to biomedicine. According to the results of the relationship analysis of mental disorders, depots, palaces, and symptoms, the organ/depot most related to mental disorders is the heart, and the two most important emotion factors associated with mental disorders are anger and worry & think. The mental disorders described in TCM are related to more than one organ (depot/palace). Conclusion. This study complements recent research delving into co-relations or interactions between mental status and other organs and systems.

Analysis of the advantages of treating heart failure from spleen based on spleen and stomach center theory

Heart failure is the end stage of a variety of chronic heart disease. Based on the theory of spleen and stomach center, the author expounds the mechanism of treating heart failure from spleen, and consults the relevant literature in recent years. Through the analysis and summary of the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of heart failure from spleen by modern doctors, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, heart failure and spleen and stomach symptoms and western medicine curative effect index three aspects respectively to explore its advantages, found that one is conducive to the optimization of heart failure pathogenesis and guide its prevention and nursing, two is conducive to the reduction of spleen and stomach symptoms ( digestive system ) in heart failure, three is conducive to the development of western medicine clinical curative effect index. In order to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of heart failure from the spleen, enrich the theory of heart failure treatment, and bring benefits to patients with heart failure.

PS-C31-9: A RANDOMISED TRIAL OF THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM) CONSTITUTION-BASED DIETARY REGIME IN GRADE 1 HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: RATIONALE AND DESIGN

Background and Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents enormous challenges to population health. Body constitution, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), differentiates how individuals feel and behave, and ultimately affects how different bodies respond to dietary intake. We hypothesise that the TCM constitution-based dietary intervention would be an effective approach to achieving favourable clinical and TCM-related outcomes when compared to usual care alone among the Chinese grade 1 hypertensive patients. Design and method: This is a parallel-group, randomised trial (registered as ChiCTR2000034749; http://www.chictr.org.cn). Participants consist of 274 primary care adults, aged 35 years or older, with uncomplicated grade 1 hypertension and at low risk of cardiovascular and renal events. Participants will be randomly assigned to either control or intervention group with a 1:1 allocation as per computer-generated random numbers. Permuted blocks of random sizes will be used. Subjects in the invention group will receive an on-site constitution assessment based on physical signs, personality, body symptoms, and the susceptibility to environmental changes. This will be conducted by the attending TCM practitioners trained in a prior session to improve the inter-rater reliability. A colour-printed constitution-specific brochure will be provided onsite. Health education materials will be made available to patients by courier service thereafter. All participants receive routine care provided by the ‘family doctor team’ in the context of the national basic public health service delivery. Measurements will be undertaken at three time-points, i.e., at baseline, at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. At each follow-up interview, subjects in the intervention group will be questioned about the constitution types of their own, and a full awareness of the constitution profile will be seen as an adherence to the protocol. Results and outcome evaluation: The primary outcome of the study is the difference between the two arms in the proportion of participants who had optimal control of blood pressure at 12 months. A point estimate of 25% inferiority in effectiveness would be acceptable assuming a gain that is considered to be clinically relevant. The secondary outcome measures include differences in the profile of clinical parameters and TCM symptoms between the two arms. Conclusions: We believe that this study offers new insights for cardiovascular health management through TCM constitution-based strategies in primary care settings to target those who need continuous attention in dietary modifications. The findings may advance our knowledge of the practical contribution of complementary and alternative medicine in the prevention and control of CVD.

Extracts from sojae semen germinatum ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice

Sojae semen germinatum (SSG) prepared from the germinating black soybean Glycine max L. Merr. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with heat-clearing, dampness-removing, and detoxifying properties. In the present study, we explored the effects and possible underlying mechanisms of petroleum ether extract (PEE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE), n-butanol extract (NBE) and aqueous fraction (AF) of SSG on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice, an animal model representing pathological features of “dampness-heat” syndrome from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Results showed that the EAE and NBE of SSG significantly protected mice against the CCl4-induced increases of liver tissue index and serum transaminase levels, ameliorated the CCl4-induced liver morphological changes. Compared with CCl4 model controls, EAE and NBE of SSG decreased malondiadehyde (MDA) levels, enhanced glutathione (GSH) content and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver tissues, as well as reduced the number of apoptotic hepatocytes. Moreover, the CCl4-induced increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in livers was markedly suppressed by pre-treatment with EAE of SSG. Data suggested that SSG extracts showed protective effect on the CCl4-induced liver injury via multiple pharmacological mechanisms including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis. EAE and NBE appeared to be superior to other fractions.

Effects and Prospects of the Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western Biomedical Approach for Premature Ejaculation

Abstract Premature ejaculation (PE) is a frequently reported sexual dysfunction that has received considerable clinical attention in China. Being intrinsically related to cultural aspects, PE in the Chinese scientific environment is often treated using a combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) techniques and a Western biomedical approach. In this perspective article, we highlight the most recent effects of the use of acupuncture, herbal medicine, and Fangzhongshu techniques, each alone and in combination with Western medicine, for delaying ejaculation; however, the efficacy of such therapies is not always supported by high-quality randomized control trials. To bridge the traditional holistic, individual-targeted perspective of TCM with Western biomedical approaches, we present the paradigm of the new Systems Sexology, derived from the well-known systems medicine, which may fill this gap by perfectly blending the most advanced technologies for an innovative, integrative, and interdisciplinary approach.

Interpretation of the Expert Consensus on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Omicron Variant Infections

Abstract The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 remains a global problem. Current data indicate that the Omicron variant causes mild clinical symptoms and few severe cases and deaths. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated definite efficacy and distinct advantages in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, by focusing on the pathogenic characteristics of the Omicron variant, the Emergency Professional Committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, Emergency and Critical Care Institute of the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and American Traditional Chinese Medicine Society have brought together clinical experts on the TCM prevention and control of COVID-19 to formulate an expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of Omicron variant infections based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial Version 9). This review provides a comprehensive Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The main symptoms of interpretation of this expert consensus, covering topics such as discussing the pathogenic characteristics of the Omicron variant from the TCM perspective of “epidemic disease of pathogenic wind,” prevention plans for vulnerable populations, and stratified treatment plans for infected populations. We hope that this review can serve as a reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of the Omicron variant.

Levonorgestrel intrauterine devices improve body constitution deviations in the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine and quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain and heavy menstrual bleeding

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG-IUD) in the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve the body constitution deviations and quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Materials and methodsTo understand the TCM body constitution differences between patients, patients with CPP from a gynecology clinic were first compared to a healthy control group from the Academia Sinica Taiwan Biobank (TWB). Patients with CPP were also compared with patients with pelvic diseases from the TWB. Patients with CPP and HMB, some who under LNG-IUD treatment, underwent tests for physical consistency. After 6–8 months, the TCM body constitution and QoL of patients who received LNG-IUD treatment were reanalyzed. The questionnaires used included the Self-Assessment Chart of Menstrual Bleeding, the Taiwanese version of the Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart, the TCM Body Constitution Questionnaire, the 6-point Behavior Rating Scale, and the Taiwanese version of the Short Form-36 Health Survey. All data were analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed-rank test in SAS 9.4 software. ResultsIn total, 2932 healthy women and 724 women with pelvic diseases were present in the TWB project. Moreover, 376 patients with CPP were admitted to a gynecology clinic, of whom 42 received LNG-IUD treatment. After LNG-IUD treatment, the primary endpoint was regarded as an improvement in Yang-Xu (lack of energy), Yin-Xu (lack of material), and phlegm stasis (accumulation of pathological products). These findings indicated an improvement in menstrual blood loss, pelvic pain, physical functioning, physical problems, body pain, general health, and emotional problems (p < 0.05). ConclusionLNG-IUD treatment improves body constitution deviations in TCM and QoL in patients with CPP and HMB. Our results provide a valuable reference for the use of modern medicine and TCM in treating CPP and HMB.

Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alzheimers Disease Based on the Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is increasingly threatening people in almost every country physically and economically. The treatment methods for delaying cognitive decline in Chinese Medicine are comprehensive and diverse. This paper is intended to illustrate the etiology and pathogenesis of AD from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and categorizes treatments available for AD in Chinese medicine. It is aimed at clarifying the treatment ideas and methods for AD and providing new references for clinical treatment.

Acupuncture and Chinese herbs in the integrative management of post-COVID syndrome

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an RNA-type virus causing an acute respiratory infection (ARI) with different levels of severity ranging from a mild condition, like a common cold, to severe pneumonia and death. A clinical condition presenting 4–12 weeks after coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection, with persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cough, dyspnea, headache, myalgia, brain fog, and diarrhea, has been frequently recognized and is known today as post-COVID syndrome or long-COVID-19. Without a clear pathophysiology, research studies have proposed some secondary theories of SARS-CoV‑2 infection. This entity has also been studied from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, recognizing syndromes or patterns in the different stages or phases of the disease and emphasizing a more individualized treatment according to the predominant pathological condition. It is concluded that the integrative and complementary use of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine is highly effective and could be a main resource for the treatment of this syndrome.

Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine's Perspective on Hemodialysis Vascular Access Dysfunction

&lt;p&gt;血液透析血管通路功能障礙是醫護人員及病人十分重視的議題。近年的醫學研究顯示，血管通路功能障礙的核心機轉為血管重塑、新內膜增生。部分研究指出應用中醫護理方法於血管通路照護，能改善血管通路的併發症及促進成熟。本文梳理西醫和中醫的觀點，彙整血管通路功能障礙的機制，期能對未來發展血液透析血管通路中西醫結合照護方案有所啟發。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction is an important issue for both patients and medical professionals. Studies have shown that integrating traditional Chinese medicine and nursing care of vascular access for hemodialysis can reduce vascular access complications and promote arteriovenous fistula maturity. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;This article aims to review literatures regarding the Western and traditional Chinese medicine on pathogenesis and pathology of vascular remodeling and neointimal hyperplasia in the setting of hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction, and to inspire the future development of the integrative Western and traditional Chinese medical nursing care programs for hemodialysis vascular access.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

Correlation Between the Sinew Channels with the Myofascial System, Pathology, and Treatment

The sinew channels are a tendon and muscle network, and their description is based on the observation presented on the Huangdi Neijing Ling Shu. However, the myofascial system is an uninterrupted series of connective tissue that is comprised of layers that run in different directions. The similarities on these pathways are compared, such as a brief description on the myofascial pain syndrome and its similitude with the Impediment disorder from the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Furthermore, we discuss the treatment of these conditions from a Traditional Chinese Medicine perspective.

Luteolin suppresses the growth of colon cancer cells by inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

BackgroundDespite the remarkable progression in colon cancer treatment in recent years, the pathological mechanism underlying this disease remains unclear. This study aimed to discuss the potential of luteolin in the treatment of colon cancer, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, with a particular focus on the tumor microenvironment.MethodsReverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to analyze the effects of luteolin on interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/Phospho-STAT3. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the protein secretion of IL-6. Proliferation and transwell assays were used to analyze the growth and migration of luteolin and IL-6 in colon cancer cells, respectively.ResultsStimulation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) promoted the M1 polarization of macrophages and increased the expression and secretion of IL-6. However, the presence of luteolin inhibited the effects of LPS. M1 polarization increased the proliferation rate, migration and invasion ability, and phosphorylation of STAT3 in colon cancer cells (SW620 and SW480). Luteolin inhibited these effects by reducing M1 polarization. To confirm that the action of luteolin is mediated by IL-6/STAT3 signaling, we treated SW620 and SW480 cells with recombinant IL-6 protein and anti-IL-6 antibody. IL-6 was observed to promote cell proliferation, enhance migration and invasion, and increase STAT3 phosphorylation. The opposite effect was observed with the anti-IL-6 antibody. In addition, IL-6 promoted LPS-induced M1 polarization, while the anti-IL-6 antibody enhanced the decrease in luteolin-induced M1 polarization.ConclusionsLuteolin suppressed the growth and migration/invasion potential of colon cancer cells by inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

An End-to-End Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Assessment System Based on Multimodal Clinical Feature Representation and Fusion

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution is a fundamental concept in TCM theory. It is determined by multimodal TCM clinical features which, in turn, are obtained from TCM clinical information of image (face, tongue, etc.), audio (pulse and voice), and text (inquiry) modality. The auto assessment of TCM constitution is faced with two major challenges: (1) learning discriminative TCM clinical feature representations; (2) jointly processing the features using multimodal fusion techniques. The TCM Constitution Assessment System (TCM-CAS) is proposed to provide an end-to-end solution to this task, along with auxiliary functions to aid TCM researchers. To improve the results of TCM constitution prediction, the system combines multiple machine learning algorithms such as facial landmark detection, image segmentation, graph neural networks and multimodal fusion. Extensive experiments are conducted on a four-category multimodal TCM constitution dataset, and the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy. Provided with datasets containing annotations of diseases, the system can also perform automatic disease diagnosis from a TCM perspective.

Expert symposium on severe acute hepatitis of unknown cause in children, a paradigm of exchanges and sharing between Chinese and Western medicine professionals.

Expert symposium on severe acute hepatitis of unknown cause in children, a paradigm of exchanges and sharing between Chinese and Western medicine professionals.

The History of the Introduction of the Concept of Depression Into China.

This is a thematic historical study on the historical construction of the concept of depression in early modern China. Using an external historical research method, through the analysis of newspaper stories, drug advertisements, and medical texts (textbooks and reference books), it presents the sociocultural context of depression in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican period and depicts the germination and evolution of the depression from a hazy and ambiguous concept in the late Qing Dynasty to a clear and complete disease entity of Western medicine, at least in the Chinese pharmaceutical market in the 1920s. This article examines the three internal logical clues in the localization of depression in China, namely, (1) the transformation of the disease from a symptom (the symptom of a disease) to a disease (an independent disease entity); (2) the pathological mechanism of depression was first made from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine—“caused by stagnation of liver qi,” which was joined later by the pathological mechanism of Western medicine—“caused by brain dysfunction”; (3) the introduction of the knowledge of “depression” presents a pattern of “cross-fertilization” between the West and the East. This study also examines the cultural imagery of depression during its early introduction to China and finds the three stereotypes of the manifestation of depression among the then Chinese public, namely, a feminized disease, a disease that afflicted the intellectual youth who were worried about the country, and the association between the disease and the morbid and distorted state of life of the upper-class literary youth.

The perspectives of traditional and modern medicine on the nature of hot and cold foods

A better understanding of traditional medicine requires a more accurate comprehension of the philosophy and culture in which traditional medicine is rooted. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the effects of foods on human health are inseparable from temperament, mind, body, and environmental factors. The links between these components may not be explained clearly in modern medicine [1]. This article aims to review perspective of traditional and modern medicine on the nature of hot-cold food, to explain more clear the concepts of traditional medicine in this subject, subsequently to promote its global applicability.

The prescription rule analysis of the new theory on spleen dampness syndrome by academician TONG Xiaolin

ObjectiveTo analyze the basic characteristics, drug features, prescription rules, and drug-symptom relationships of patients in the splenic deficiency and impairment stage, by data mining of medical records under the New Theory on Spleen Dampness Syndrome (Pi Dan Xin Lun, 《脾瘅新论》). MethodsMedical records listed in the “New Theory on Spleen Dampness Syndrome – Understanding and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine”, and which were diagnosed with the spleen dampness syndrome at the splenic deficiency and impairment stage, during January 2004 and December 2016 were selected. These patients’ data, including basic information, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination results, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine diagnoses, treatment methods, prescriptions, etc., were collected. The collected data were subsequently compiled into a medical record database using the Epidata 3.1 data management software, followed by the use of Apriori algorithm provided in the SPSS Modeler 14.2 statistical software to investigate the association rules between drug-drug, drug-symptom, and drug-western medicine indices. Results(i) A total of 51 medical records were included, involving 17 types of syndromes. Among them, the top three with frequency ≥3 included “Phlegm and blood stasis, and thoracic obstruction” “Deficiency-weakness of the spleen Qi, and static blood blocking collaterals”, and “Deficiency-weakness of the spleen Qi, and static blood blocking collaterals”. Alternatively, of the 14 treatment methods, the top three treatments with frequency of ≥3 included “Activating Yang and eliminating turbidity, and removing phlegm and dredging channel blockage” “Strengthening the spleen and benefiting Qi, and eliminating phlegm to activate the channels”, and “Warming Yang and benefiting Qi, and expelling cold to remove obstructions”. Among the 15 prescriptions, the top three used with frequency ≥3 included Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang (黄芪桂枝五物汤), Gualou Xiebai Banxia Tang (瓜蒌薤白半夏汤), and Ganjiang Huangqin Huanglian Renshen Tang (干姜黄芩黄连人参汤). Lastly, of the 83 drugs used for a total of 476 times, those with frequency ≥15 included Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Jiudahuang (Wine-processed Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Jixueteng (Spatholobi Caulis), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus). (ii) For the drug-drug associations, under the criteria of support ≥15% and confidence = 100%, 7 s-order association rules, seven third-order rules, and six fourth-order roles were identified. The top-ranking rule of each was “Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) → Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)” “Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) + Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) → Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)”, and “Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) + Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) + Jixueteng (Spatholobi Caulis) → Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)”, respectively. Alternatively, the drug-symptom associations were analyzed under the criteria of support ≥5% and confidence = 100%, which derived 8 s-order association rules, 31 third-order rules, and 30 fourth-order rules. The top-ranking association rule of each order was “Huangqi (Astragali Radix) → Limb edema” “Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) + Jixueteng (Spatholobi Caulis) → Limb numbness and pain”, and “Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) + Jixueteng (Spatholobi Caulis) + Huangqi (Astragali Radix) → Limb numbness and pain”, respectively. Similarly, the drug-western medicine index associations were investigated under the criteria of support ≥5% and confidence = 100%, and 5 s-order association rules, 16 third-order rules, and 16 fourth-order rules were identified. In this category, the top-ranking association rule of each order was “Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex) → Uric acid” “Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) + Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) → Glycated hemoglobin”, and “Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) + Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) + Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) → Glycated hemoglobin”, respectively. ConclusionThrough association rule mining, this study objectively and quantitatively demonstrated the drug-drug, drug-symptom, and drug-physicochemical index associations of patients with the spleen dampness syndrome at the splenic deficiency and impairment stage treated by Academician TONG Xiaolin. The results indicated that treatment for these patients adopted the “state-target” syndrome differentiation method. The drug combination was characterized by “small prescriptions”, targeting both the patient’s symptoms and signs (syndrome target) and western medicine indices (treatment target). This study could provide references for future research on the academic thoughts and medical experience of Academician TONG Xiaolin.

Discussion on the Insomnia Therapy from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chief physician Yang Zhihong is the third famous Chinese medicine practitioner in Shaanxi Province. He believes that in insomnia diseases, "fire" is the main cause of insomnia. The fire pathogens are divided into yin deficiency and fire due to virtual fire, and heart and liver fire due to real fire, and phlegm fire disturbing the heart. The self-made Qingxin Ningshen Decoction has better curative effect in treating insomnia due to heart and liver fire. , Now analyze the composition rule of Qingxin Ningshen Decoction, and give a case.

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine nursing in the context of COVID-19

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine nursing in the context of COVID-19