Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment Research Articles

Research Progress of TCM External Treatment on Opioid-related Constipation in Cancer Pain

Pain is one of the most common symptoms of malignant tumors. Opioids are the first-line drugs for the treatment of moderate to severe cancer pain. At present, there is no clear, effective and safe method for the prevention and treatment of its adverse reactions. Opioid-inducedconstipation (OIC) is a very common symptom of cancer patients who use opioids. An opioid inducedConstipation (OIC) has a great impact on patients' quality of life, tumor treatment and many other aspects. Therefore, an effective prevention and treatment of cancer pain OIC is of great clinical significance. The traditional Chinese medicine external treatment method is simple, convenient, testing and cheap, and has unique advantages in the treatment of OIC. In this paper, we summarized and analyzed the research on the treatment of opioid-related constipation by external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years, in order to provide reference value for clinical treatment.

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Cancer Pain

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Cancer Pain

Research Progress of TCM Treatment of Postoperative Constipation in Anorectal Diseases

Postoperative constipation for anorectal diseases is mainly manifested as dry stool due to pain and fear of defecation, slow bowel movement or improper diet, difficulty in defecation or even several days without defecation after anorectal diseases. It is a common disease after anorectal diseases, which not only affects postoperative wound healing, but also often causes psychological and mental diseases and acute cardiovasoular and cerebrovascular diseases. In severe cases, the postoperative recovery of patients is greatly affected. At present, through the treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation,TCM external treatment and other methods, has achieved good ourative effect. In this paper, the recent progress in the treatment of constipation after anorectal diseases by traditional Chinese medicine was summarized.

Current Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Diarrhea Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Currently, Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects, while traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence. In recent years, especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects. This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.

External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for cancer pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Cancer pain is one of the most intolerable and frightening symptoms of cancer patients. However, the clinical effect of the three-step analgesic ladder method (TSAL) is not satisfactory. The combination of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve the clinical effect. This study used network meta-analysis to compare the effects of different external treatment methods of TCM combined with TSAL on cancer pain. Databases searched by our team included Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials related to the external treatment of TCM combined with TSAL for cancer pain were screened from the establishment of the database till now. The above literature extracted clinical efficacy, NRS score, KPS score, analgesic onset time, and duration as the main results after the screening. The 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of OR value and SMD value was used as the effect index to compare the difference in efficacy of different interventions, and the ranking was conducted. STATA 17.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of the above data. A total of 78 studies were included, including 8 interventions and 5742 participants. Based on ranking probability, the clinical effective rate of manual acupuncture combined with TSAL was the best when the intervention time was set at 4 weeks [OR = 5.42, 95% CI (1.99,14.81)], and the improvement effect on KPS score was also the best [SMD = 0.97, 95% CI (0.61, 1.33)]. Acupoint external application was the best intervention in reducing NRS score [SMD = -1.14, 95% CI (-1.90, -0.93)]. Acupoint moxibustion combined with TSAL was considered to be the most effective intervention to prolong the duration of analgesia [SMD = 1.69, 95% CI (0.84, 2.54)] and shortening the onset time of analgesia [SMD = -3.00, 95% CI (-4.54, -1.47)]. TSAL combined with manual acupuncture is the best in terms of clinical efficacy and improvement of patients' functional activity status. With the extension of treatment time, the intervention of this kind of treatment on the clinical effect is more pronounced. Acupoint external application also has a unique advantage in reducing the pain level of patients. From the point of view of analgesic duration and duration of analgesia, combined acupoint moxibustion has the best effect.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Offers New Ideas for the Treatment of Osteoporosis Through Multi-method Interventions in Ferroptosis

Osteoporosis, a chronic metabolic bone disease, has a serious impact on the quality of life of postmenopausal women and elderly men. Its prevalence is on the rise as the population ages worldwide. There are many drawbacks to the current clinical approaches to treatment, and traditional chinese medicine (TCM) has long had a unique advantage in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. As research in the field of ferroptosis continues to intensify, the study of TCM has become a hot area in the treatment of the disease through multimethod interventions for ferroptosis. Based on this, this study searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases using osteoporosis, TCM, and ferroptosis as keywords. Up to April 2023, research literature on the relationship between TCM, osteoporosis, and ferroptosis was collected. The results found a strong relationship between the main regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and osteoporosis. TCM methods with good therapeutic effects on osteoporosis, such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Curcumae longae, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, Bushen Huanjing Recipe, and external treatment of TCM, can all achieve interventions on ferroptosis under different pathways. It provides a new theoretical basis and research direction for the future treatment of osteoporosis through multiple methods of TCM to intervene in ferroptosis. Traditional Chinese Medicine, chinese herbal medicine, osteoporosis, ferroptosis, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

Traditional Chinese medicine external treatment combined with sodium vitrate injection for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis.

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a clinically common degenerative joint disease that has a high prevalence and, if left untreated, can seriously affect a patient's quality of life. The objective of this article is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine external treatment with sodium vitrate injection in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. By searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database (WF), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Library. The search time was set from 2010 to March 2023. Revman 5.4 software was used for data analysis. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ref. CRD42023426707). A total of 3239 patients from 31 RCTs were finally included. Meta-analysis showed significant differences in the Total clinical Efficiency (mean difference (MD) = 4.62, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.52-6.08, P < .01), WOMAC score (MD = 6.57, 95% CI = 5.78-7.36, P < .01), VAS score (MD = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.14-0.37, P < .0001), Lysholm scores (MD = 5.21, 95% CI = 4.51-5.90, P < .0001), and Lequesne index (MD = 5.21, 95% CI = 4.51-5.90, P < .0001) between the Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment combined with sodium vitrate injection group and control group. The efficacy of traditional Chinese external treatment combined with sodium vitrate injection for osteoarthritis of the knee was superior to that of sodium vitrate injection only in all cases. Due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of the included literature, more high-quality literature is needed to validate this conclusion at a later stage.

Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment and nursing of a patient with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy

Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment and nursing of a patient with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy

Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment and nursing for a patient with recurrent fever in the sequelae of stroke with phlegm-heat stasis syndrome

Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment and nursing for a patient with recurrent fever in the sequelae of stroke with phlegm-heat stasis syndrome

Nursing management of constipation in a patient with chest stuffiness and pains treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment

Nursing management of constipation in a patient with chest stuffiness and pains treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment

Efficacy and safety of external therapy of TCM for diabetic peripheral vascular disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

In modern society, the incidence of diabetes is increasing yearly, and poor glycemic control can accelerate the progression and severity of diabetic peripheral vascular disease. External treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes, but there is no systematic review on the external treatment of TCM for diabetic peripheral vascular disease; therefore, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the clinical efficacy and safety of external treatment of TCM in the treatment of diabetic peripheral vascular diseases. We searched The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China Science and Technology Journal, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and other sources from their respective inception dates to October 20, 2022, to identify potentially eligible studies. We will use Review Manager 5.4 software provided by the Cochrane Collaborative Network for statistical analysis. We then assessed the quality and risk of the included studies and observed their outcome measures. Changes in the bilateral femoral artery, popliteal artery, dorsal artery diameter, blood flow, ankle/brachial index, and dorsal foot temperature: An overall reduction in symptoms (a reduction in diabetes-related symptoms that occur only during the intervention or as a result of the intervention, including peripheral vascular disease). The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine on diabetic peripheral vascular disease and to provide more methods for the clinical prevention and treatment of diabetic peripheral vascular disease.

Five Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment Methods Combined with Mecobalamin for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external treatment has been widely used in China as adjunctive treatment, and some small sample clinical studies have proved its effectiveness. However, due to the limited number of studies, we used network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of 5 commonly used external treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP databases and collected and screened randomised controlled trials on the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with mecobalamin in the treatment of DPN according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search period was from 2011 to May 2021. The quality of included studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. The outcome indicators are Toronto score, median nerve sensory conduction velocity, and median nerve motor conduction velocity. A total of 22 publications were included in the study. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that acupuncture combined with mecobalamin was superior to other TCM external treatments combined with mecobalamin in terms of decreasing the Toronto score (MD = -2.8, 95% CI: -5.2∼-0.49), improving median nerve sensory conduction velocity (MD = 3.6, 95% CI: 2.4∼4.9), and median nerve motor conduction velocity (MD = 4.5, 95% CI: 2.6∼6.5). The SUCRA value and probability ranking chart showed that among the three outcome indicators, acupuncture combined with mecobalamin was the best, followed by acupoint injection combined with mecobalamin. In this network meta-analysis, acupuncture combined with mecobalamin shows the best results in the treatment of DPN, followed by acupoint injection combined with mecobalamin.

External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia in children: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common digestive system disease in pediatrics, usually affects normal growth and increases health care expenditure. Many investigations have demonstrated that external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has certain advantages in the treatment of FD children, but the effectiveness, safety, and advantages of various methods have not been confirmed by high-quality meta-analyses. This study will conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the differences and effectiveness in external treatments of TCM, in order to provide a reference for further clinical treatment for FD in children. Nine electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wan-Fang Database and one clinical trial register platforms: ClinicalTrials.gov (www.ClinicalTrials.gov/) will be searched using English and Chinese search strategies. All eligible studies are randomized controlled trials of TCM external treatment for FD in children, published on or before July 20, 2022. The screening process will be developed by 2 independent authors, and network meta-analysis will be performed with RevMan (V5.3) software. This study will provide a high-quality synthesis to assess the effectiveness and safety on the external treatment of TCM for children with FD. The results of this study will provide evidence to judge whether the external treatment of TCM are effective interventions for children with FD. The results of this meta-analysis and meta-regression will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference. The information used in the network meta-analysis does not contain individual patient data. Therefore, ethical approval was not required. CRD42022360429.

Difficulties in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot and Research Progress of Combination of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.

A diabetic foot is any disorder directly attributable to peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and/or the sensory neuropathies influencing the diabetic foot; it is a long-term (or “chronic”) complication of diabetes. Generally, it is a permanent (or “chronic”) comorbidity of diabetes. The swallowing of peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease leads to damage to the soft tissue, bone, and joint system of the foot. In addition, diabetic feet are also susceptible to infection, which can lead to lameness and even amputation. The management of the diabetic foot can be both challenging and chronic; it may comprise orthoses, surgery, antibacterial medication, and topical dressings. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a variety of methods for the treatment of diabetic foot with obvious advantages, which can be divided into internal treatment and external treatment of TCM. These treatments include external foot bath, fumigation and washing stains, internal administration of traditional Chinese medicine, syndrome differentiation and staging treatment, empirical prescription, self-made prescription, internal use of proprietary Chinese medicine, massage, acupuncture, and paste powder application, which have significant value in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot. Some studies have shown that modern medicine combined with herbal therapy can significantly improve the prognosis of diabetic foot. Therefore, this study summarized the difficulties in the therapeutic approaches to diabetic foot and the recent research progress in combining Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of diabetic foot.

Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine nasal irrigation on chronic rhinosinusitis recovery after endoscopic sinus surgery: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Continuous comprehensive treatment is still needed after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) to promote the recovery of sinus mucosal morphology and function. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nasal irrigation is a promising external treatment of TCM, but at present, the application of TCM nasal irrigation after ESS for CRS has not been recommended by the guidelines. Therefore, this article aims to develop a systematic overview and meta-analysis protocol to assess the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal nasal rinse for CRS recovery after ESS. Seven databases shall be retrieved from their inception until December 2021. Eligible randomized controlled trials will be covered in the study. The outcome indicators of the survey will consist of efficacy, visual analogue scale score, Lund-Kennedy score for nasal endoscopy, Lund-Mackay score for sinus computed tomography and other secondary outcome indicators. The selection of literature, extraction of data, and methodological quality evaluation of literature shall be conducted by two researchers separately. If there is any dispute, it can be discussed and solved by a third researcher. Review Manager 5.3 software will be applied to data analysis. The article will make a detailed research programme to explore the efficacy and safety of TCM nasal irrigation on CRS recovery after ESS. This protocol is suitable for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of TCM nasal rinse for CRS recovery after ESS, and can provide corresponding evidence-based medical evidence. Open Science Framework Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZV73Q.

Mild moxibustion for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D): A randomized controlled trial

Ethnopharmacological relevanceMoxibustion therapy is a traditional Chinese medicine external treatment method, which involves crushing dried herb Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vanio and rolling it into a long cigarette-like strip, igniting it and using its warmth to stimulate specific acupuncture points for a certain period of time. It is often used in Asia to treat various diseases, especially abdominal pain. Clinical reports suggest that acupuncture and moxibustion are the effective treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D). However, there is no placebo-controlled study to prove its safety and efficacy. ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of mild moxibustion (MM) for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) through comparisons with those of placebo moxibustion. Patients and methodsThis was a single-site, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian in China and enrolled 76 participants who met the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for IBS-D between May 2017 and December 2019. 76 participants were randomized to either mild moxibustion (MM) or placebo moxibustion group (PM) in a 1:1 ratio. 18 sessions of MM or PM were implemented over the course of 6 weeks (3 times per week). The primary outcome was adequate relief after 6 weeks of treatment. ResultsOf 76 patients with IBS-D who were randomized (38 in the MM group and 38 in the PM group) were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis set. After treatment at week 6, the response rate was significantly higher in the MM group than the PM group (81.58% vs. 36.84%) with an estimated difference of 44.74 (95% CI, 23.46 to 66.02, P < 0.001). No participant reported severe adverse effects. ConclusionThe findings suggest that mild moxibustion may be more effective than placebo moxibustion for the treatment of IBS-D, with effects lasting up to 12 weeks. Trial registrationChiCTR, ChiCTR2100046852. Registered 29 May 2021 - Retrospectively registered, URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=127000.

A Single-Central, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial Protocol: A Clinical Effect Evaluation Study on the TCM Comprehensive Intervention Program for Chronic Heart Failure.

It is known to all the doctors and patients that both the morality and incidence rate of chronic heart failure (CHF) are quite high among various heart diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) comprehensive intervention becomes a rising prospective therapy for patients with CHF. Considering the efficacy of TCM, the study aims to test the safety as well as the validity of TCM comprehensive intervention in patients who are struggling with CHF. The study is an essentially randomized, single-central, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover trial. Eighty-two eligible subjects aged 18-75 years with CHF are supposed to be recruited. According to the subject plan, all the patients will be divided into group A and B. The patients in group A will receive oral Qishen Taohong granules (QTGs) combined with TCM external treatment and standard Western medicine for four weeks. After that, a 2-week washout would be proceeded; this group will be reallocated to another four weeks with oral placebo granules combined with TCM external treatment and standard Western medicine. In contrast, group B will perform the opposite protocol. The primary outcome conforms to the classification from the New York Heart Association (NYHA). Meanwhile, the secondary outcomes are echocardiogram, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Chronic Heart Failure Quality of Life Scale of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (CHFQLS), TCM syndrome, symptom, sign, six-minute walk test (6MWT), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and metabolomics. Discussion. Based on conventional treatments, TCM comprehensive intervention may further improve the patients' cardiac function and then enhance their quality of life. The results will provide high-quality evidence of TCM comprehensive intervention in treating CHF.

External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:Constipation is one of the common complications of thoracolumbar compression fractures, which seriously affects the quality of life and increases pain of patients. External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used clinically for constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures, but there are no systematic review and meta-analysis of its efficacy. Therefore, we will conduct this study to systematically evaluate the clinical effects of external treatment of TCM for patients with constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures.Methods:We will search the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literatures Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Database. Randomized controlled trials on the treatment of constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures with external treatment of TCM published from inception to May 2021 will be included in the search scope. The observation group was treated with Simple external treatment of TCM (such as external application of Chinese medicine, Chinese drugs at the acupoint, acupuncture, moxibustion, etc) or external treatment of TCM combined with conventional treatment/nursing of Western medicine, while the control group only was treated by conventional treatment/nursing of Western medicine. After screening literatures, extracting data, and assessing the risk of bias in the included studies, meta-analysis will be performed by Revman 5.3 software.Results:This study is expected to provide an evidence of the efficacy of external treatment of TCM for constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures.Conclusion:The results of this meta-analysis may help provide evidence to determine whether external treatment of TCM can be effective interventions for thoracolumbar compression fractures patients with constipation.Trial registration number:INPLASY202150005

External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for radiation enteritis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:Radiation enteritis (RE) is a common complication that often occurs after radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic malignancies. RE could influence patients’ quality of life seriously and it is difficult to cure by conventional treatments. A lot of studies have revealed that the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for RE is a safe and economical approach, but there is no relevant systematic review. The present study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare TCM external treatment and conventional treatment for RE to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of RE.Methods:Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-Fang database, VIP Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched. The time of publication was limited from inception to April, 2021. Two reviewers independently searched for the selected articles and extract the data. The RevMan V.5.3 statistical software (Cochrane Collaboration) and Stata V.16.0 software were used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results:We will show the results of this study in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusion:This meta-analysis will provide reliable evidence for external treatment of TCM in the treatment of RE.INPLASY registration number:INPLASY202140120

External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for myasthenia gravis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an archetypal autoimmune disorder. The conventional treatments for this disease are drugs, plasma exchange, surgical, and so on. However, this disease is difficult to cure. A mass of studies revealed that the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for MG is a safe and economical approach. The present study conducted a meta-analysis to compare TCM external treatment combined with modern medicine with modern medicine for MG, in order to determine which TCM external treatment intervention has the best relative efficacy, safety, and provide the best evidence for clinical practice.Methods:PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-fang database, VIP Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database, the Chinese Bio Medical Database (CBM), and Baidu Scholar were searched. The time of publication was limited from inception to February 28, 2021. Two reviewers independently searched for the selected articles and extract the data. The RevMan V.5.3 statistical software (Cochrane Collaboration) and Stata V.16.0 software were used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results:The results of the systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusion:The present study provides a protocol that can be used in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with the intent to inform professionals on the external treatment of TCM for MG. These would lead to investigations on the use of the most external treatment of TCM for MG.Trial registration number:INPLASY202110083