Traditional Architectural Style Research Articles

전통가옥을 활용한 카페 인테리어의 내부 구성요소에 관한 연구

The main purpose of this study is to understand the versatility by analyzing the colors of the interior components of the cafe interior using modern traditional houses from three countries in East Asia. To this end, the concept and category of traditional houses were redefined and the characteristics of representative traditional houses in each country were described. Based on this, we sampled four cafes for analysis from cities in each country with clear characteristics of traditional houses. Each cafe sample has something in common: a modern remodel of the traditional architectural style. As a result of quantitative extraction and comparative analysis of the colors from the cafe sample image to the interior components (walls, ceilings, floors, and windows) using the Natural Color System (NCS), the interior components as a whole adhered to the traditional form and structure. The YR series showed medium brightness and chromaticity below medium saturation. This is a similar result to traditional colors. However, in the case of China, the use of color was significantly reduced, and in the case of Japan, it was confirmed that the use of color was higher in terms of brightness and saturation than traditional colors, confirming that the three kingdoms were largely evolving similarly in their use of color. This is analyzed to be in line with the globalization trend of universal standards and individualization of application.

Virtual Reality in Historic Urban District Renovation for Enhancing Social and Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Tangzixiang in Anhui

Virtual reality (VR) technology has attracted the attention of architectural practitioners due to its ability to allow people to interact with proposed design elements through unique and immersive experiences. This study aims at providing a bottom-up decision-making approach, using VR technology for inhabitant engagement in the design process of historic urban district renovation to preserve local culture, improve community interaction, and replace printed paper use for review. The study focuses on the Tangzixiang district in the Anhui province, providing Scheme 1 with a traditional architectural style and Scheme 2 with a modern architectural style for the renovation. The schemes are developed in a VR environment in both smooth movement mode and node-based movement mode. A total of 62 inhabitants and 10 architecture practitioners finished the VR experience, and the survey-based results indicate that VR quality can satisfy the requirements of practitioners in a professional review. In the inhabitants’ view, Scheme 1, with a traditional architectural style, is identified as being more effective in preserving local culture. The scheme is improved by the design studio after the survey, based on the questionnaire results and comments. Notably, 56 participants scored five, indicating their agreement with the notion that VR enhances their engagement in the design stage. The effectiveness of the VR technology in the bottom-up decision-making process has proven to offer inhabitants opportunities to participate. This study demonstrates how this level of immersive experience in VR environments has the potential to be applied in more projects, aiding clients in better understanding design intent and helping them make more informed decisions early in the design process.

A Study on the Differentiation of “Tatsuno Style” Architecture between China and Japan -- Taking Tokyo Railway Station and Shenyang Railway Station as Examples

Modern architecture in China developed late, through the stage of wholesale westernization and discovery of traditional architectural styles, and embarked on the road of returning to its own culture after a bumpy ride. Japan, which has gone through a similar process in the development of modern architecture. Japan developed its own architectural style first and absorbed other cultures while exporting its own culture to the Asian countries to complete the practice and refinement of the architectural style. The Fengtian Station and the Tokyo Railway Station were built during the same period of the Tatsuno style, and the similarities and differences in building materials and design details can reflect that the Japanese designers did not copy the Tatsuno style, but rather, combined the design of the site to design according to local conditions. Conducting research through literature review and comparative analysis of case studies. Exploring the development trajectories of architecture in China and Japan to provide a reference for the development of Chinese architecture.

The The Distortion In Libyan Architecture's Identity Between Its Past And Present

Architectural composition, as a stand-alone form, created a unity of urban identity, gathering in the whole and forming civilization through the ages. As well, buildings with the character of traditional architectural style may create a sense of belonging and belongingness that is distinctive and cannot be duplicated, as well as symbolizing people's identities. In addition, it is still significant that architectural identity plays a role in improving place identity, memory, and belonging. Architecture and place identity have become the central themes of architectural debates in Libya; their form and content are flawed and transformational due to social factors and policies. As a result, realizing these transformations and solving the problem of architectural identity is more important. In this working paper, a qualitative, broad review of Libyan city identity is presented. This article included examples of architecture in use throughout Libya to gain a thorough understanding of the turmoil that is relevant to the present and future identities of Libyan cities. As a conclusion, the article summarized some facts that could be considered from reviews of the heritage of local architecture as references and from general discussions about the current situation in order to develop the vision of building local identities.

Waterworld: The Use and Reuse of Lake Tadane in Safeguarding Knowledge and Sustaining the Cultural Heritage of the Nzulezo Community

Nzulezo, a tentative World Heritage Site listed in 2000 by UNESCO, is a community built on Lake Tadane in the Western Region of Ghana. Since its nomination, Nzulezo has become an attraction to both Ghanaians and foreigners alike. Over the years, the population has built dwellings and other structures to form the village over the lake, a way of adapting to an environment made up of about 70 per cent freshwater, about 20 per cent wetland, and 10 per cent land. Nzulezo stands out among heritage sites in Ghana due to its traditional architectural style. The village structures are made of wood and raffia. Located in a water-dominated environment, the community experiences changes in water levels that are predominantly seasonal. The water level is low from December to April during the dry season and high from June to August during the rainy season. In Nzulezo, the entire management of the site has been left to the Ghana Wildlife Society, a non-governmental organization (NGO). The focus of the management is tourism-driven, with less regard for the community members and the environment.

Difficulties and Causes Facing Chinese Minority Culture Communication: A Case Study of Dong Minority

In a contemporary globalized and rapidly developing society, the disappearance of the ethnic minority culture is a problem worth public attention. With technological advancements and a strengthening economy, the living standards of ethnic minority people in China are being increased. People are willing to embrace modern conveniences and get rid of some traditional customs that make their daily lives inconvenient. Since many ethnic minorities in China have assimilated into mainstream Han culture, the younger generation has less interest in preserving their cultural heritage. Currently, this is a huge issue in China. Ethnic minority culture is a rich, multifaceted aspect of Chinas heritage; it deserves to be protected, preserved, and passed on. This paper investigates the difficulties behind the spread of ethnic minority culture as well as the specific reasons behind them. After a field investigation of Dong culture, it is found that Dong culture mainly faces a dilemma in two aspects, namely the loss of Dong traditional architectural style and the loss of Dong songs and festivals.

Urban Architectural Style Recognition and Dataset Construction Method under Deep Learning of Street View Images: A Case Study of Wuhan

The visual quality and spatial distribution of architectural styles represent a city’s image, influence inhabitants’ living conditions, and may have positive or negative social consequences which are critical to urban sensing and designing. Conventional methods of identifying architectural styles rely on human labor and are frequently time-consuming, inefficient, and subjective in judgment. These issues significantly affect the large-scale management of urban architectural styles. Fortunately, deep learning models have robust feature expression abilities for images and have achieved highly competitive results in object detection in recent years. They provide a new approach to supporting traditional architectural style recognition. Therefore, this paper summarizes 22 architectural styles in a study area which could be used to define and describe urban architectural styles in most Chinese urban areas. Then, this paper introduced a Faster-RCNN general framework of architectural style classification with a VGG-16 backbone network, which is the first machine learning approach to identifying architectural styles in Chinese cities. Finally, this paper introduces an approach to constructing an urban architectural style dataset by mapping the identified architectural style through continuous street view imagery and vector map data from a top-down building contour map. The experimental results show that the architectural style dataset created had a precision of 57.8%, a recall rate of 80.91%, and an F1 score of 0.634. This dataset can, to a certain extent, reflect the geographical distribution characteristics of a wide variety of urban architectural styles. The proposed approach could support urban design to improve a city’s image.

Comparison analysis between the components of vernacular and modern architectures for sustainable housing in Niger State

Modern architecture has its roots in the vernacular type. Globally, every cultural group has its own form of vernacular architecture, though the approach may vary from region to region and also among the individuals. The traditional and modern architectural styles in Minna Niger State, Nigeria are examined in this paper since these styles possess distinct climatic, economic, and socio-cultural practices. A typical vernacular architecture was sited at Tudun Fulani Extension whereas a typical modern architecture was sited at GidanMatasa. The study examined the buildings in terms of physical features, thermal comfort and cost analysis. EnergyPlus, a simulation program, was used in this study to assess and forecast the thermal comfort. To affirm, local construction materials were used to meet the housing demands without harming the environment. The study outcomes found that the traditional housing units outperformed the modern ones by a wide margin. The findings of the study revealed the following features as part of vernacular architecture such as the presence of a courtyard, vegetation, connection to nature and construction using natural materials. On the other hand, the modern architecture does not have any courtyards, inadequate vegetation and isolation from the nature. It is also constructed using the imported building materials, although the modern architecture enables the windows to be of large size. The findings also disclose that the vernacular architecture provides more thermal comfort than the modern architecture since the latter has a heavy heating load density i.e., 9,571 (Watt). This value is 50 percent more than the peak heating load of the traditional architectural structure i.e., 2,109 (Watt). Finally, the study was able to ascertain the high-cost implication of the modern architecture compared to vernacular architecture. Furthermore, the study also proved that the vernacular housing units are much better than the modern ones in terms of thermal comfort, usage of cost-effective and natural materials and the building’s thermal properties. The researcher recommends that the components of both vernacular and modern architecture must be properly integrated for the development of the sustainable homes in Northern Nigeria.

Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Contemporary Architecture in Context to Sustainable Characteristics and its Construction Techniques: A Case of Kumaon Region

Abstract: This research focuses on the study of traditional architecture of Kumaon, and how it has changed over the period of time. Kumaon region in Uttarakhand shows great examples of traditional architecture which has proven to be the best earthresistant structures. The concept of science and earthquake-resistant structures were beyond the thought process of the people of that time. These traditional structures were cost effective, energy-efficient, provide thermal comfort for the longer period of day. The buildings of that time were locally constructed by the skilled person of the community using conventional materials like stone, mud, timber slates etc. With rapid urbanization, the need for rapid development has increased, transportation has improved, and the need for high rise structures has encouraged the use of modern materials such as concrete. However, society continues to demand better services, faster and easier construction to meet the needs of residents, resulting in serious damage to the fragile environment in and around settlements. To minimize the environmental impact of damage caused by modern technology, the use of indigenous practices needs to be revived. This research comprises of the comparison of traditional architectural style “Koti banal” which is rarely being used in many northern parts of Uttarakhand and current construction technique which is affecting the natural terrain of Kumaon resulting in natural calamities like landslide, soil erosion etc. The vernacular practices and patterns followed in conventional hill settlements have splendid capability to emerge as the premise for brand new improvement and system of suitable constructing policies for hill settlements.

Historic Urban Squares as Traffic Islands: A Case of Regal Chowk, Mall Road Lahore, Pakistan

The research article is an effort to identify the features which are responsible to fetch changes in the historic character of these public spaces. The core objective of this paper is to review the causes of the transformation from traditional to modernity to provide social,Economic and environmental benefits to the public. Historic urban squares are sitting rooms for communal activities and symbolize the community in which they are positioned. Urbanization in the form of Urban sprawl shattered the historic environment and these squares / chowks were ruined and malformed into traffic islands. Case study method has been used to study the selected area, Regal Chowk Mall Road Lahore. The current situation of Regal Chowk reflects the amazing blend of traditional and modern architectural styles due to the increased commercialization. Analyzing the constraints, conclusions has been drawn to develop a framework for planned interventions in the historic urban environment.

Sustainability Relationship Between Space Configuration, Activity Patterns, and Mosque Acoustics Quality

The Great Mosque of Yogyakarta was built in 1773. This mosque has a traditional architectural style. This study investigates the relationship between the mosque's architectural form, the activities inside it, and its acoustic characteristics. It employed quantitative and qualitative methods, including sound pressure level (SPL) measurement, reverberation time, and architectural and activity observations. Acoustic measurements, architectural observations, and activities are conducted inside and outside the mosque from morning to night for one week. The research finding is a spatial continuity pattern identified as the gradation of SPL value. Consistent continuity of SPL values in accordance with the nature of activities hierarchy. The result of this study is to improve mosque noise control by arranging outdoor and indoor spaces in a sustainable manner.

Assessing the Emotional Affordance of Brand Image and Foreign Image Based on a Physiological Method Using Examples from Dubai: Exploratory Study

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country with few restrictions on architectural styles. The main aim of this paper was to investigate a group of participants’ unconscious emotional responses to images of traditional and modern architectural styles in the UAE. All images were from the city of Dubai, but participants were from elsewhere to avoid the influence of familiarity. A physiological method was used to measure the unconscious emotional responses to the images’ visual contexts, specifically the emotions of stress, engagement, interest, focus, excitement, and relaxation. Six architects working in the UAE were then interviewed for their interpretations of both the images themselves and the participants’ emotional responses. A sample of 29 male laypeople (aged 18–45) participated in this study, divided into locals from Al Ain city, locals from the northern emirates, and nonlocals. The results showed that the brand image provided observers with better emotional quality than the foreign image for local participants from Al Ain, and that nonlocal participants showed strong emotional responses to the traditional architecture, but the northern Emiratis remained neutral. The findings of this study contribute to emotion studies in the field of meaning in architecture. It also validates the effectiveness of a physiological method of investigating the emotional responses to architectural styles.

The Application of Genetic Algorithm in the Optimal Design of Landscape Space Environment

Garden landscape not only provides people with places of rest and entertainment, but also protects the natural environment and maintained ecological balance. Although the traditional garden architectural style could retain the classical landscape style, the modern garden facilities and conditions had been greatly improved, and people’s expectations for the construction level of garden landscape continued to improve. Therefore, the effect of traditional landscape design could no longer meet the requirements of social development. This article proposed an interactive genetic algorithm-based landscape space environment optimization design method, in order to provide a certain theoretical reference for landscape design. Firstly, by analyzing the relationship between landscape and buildings, the change in people’s demand for landscape space environment and the relevant characteristics of landscape, this article expounded on the basic principles and methods that landscape design should follow and gave the problems existing in landscape design. Secondly, the interactive genetic algorithm and its innovative design theory were summarized, and the optimization design method of garden landscape space environment based on interactive genetic algorithm was proposed. Finally, the evaluation index system of landscape spatial environment was constructed, and experimental analysis was carried out with a landscape design as a case. The results showed that compared with the traditional landscape design methods, the design scheme proposed in this article could achieve better evaluation results. The optimization design method of landscape space environment proposed in this article could provide some technical support and theoretical reference for landscape architecture and design.

Urban Landscape Design Based on Virtual Reality Technology

Different from the western classical stone buildings, China has formed the traditional architectural style with wood as the main body since ancient times. With the progress of the times and the collision between Chinese and western cultures, people put forward higher requirements for the current urban planning and landscape design, hoping that the future urban landscape design can follow the style of “Chinese and new.” Traditional urban landscape design usually adopts solid model, rendering renderings, or three-dimensional animation, but these methods all have some defects. With the development of computer technology and the rise of Internet industry, virtual reality technology appears, and because of its excellent multiperception, immersion, interactivity, and autonomy, it is gradually applied to medical, military, entertainment, virtual city, and other fields of human life. Urban landscape design based on virtual reality technology is an important technical way of urban landscape design at present. It can help designers to better perfect the design details, experience it personally in the design process, find the existing problems and defects in the current design in time, and improve the design efficiency. It can also assist urban planners to make corresponding decisions. However, due to the high cost and the shortage of technical personnel, it is only implemented in a small area at present. Take the virtual Los Angeles project in the United States as an example, which is a typical case of the application of virtual reality technology in urban planning and construction and successfully realizes the interactive function between users and virtual environment. With the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality technology, there are more and more corresponding talents, and this technology will be widely used in the future urban planning and construction, forming our own “middle and new” urban landscape style.

A Chinese ‘High-Tech Theme Park Full of Stories’: Exploring Fantawild Oriental Heritage

Among the Chinese companies that run the great majority of theme parks in China, Fantawild is the quickest-expanding one, with more than two dozen full-fledged theme parks and many in development. The newest of their three primary theme park models, Oriental Heritage, employs traditional Chinese cultural material and specifically Chinese folklore and legends for its attractions and shows. The park thus differentiates itself not only from Fangte's previous park models, Adventure and Dreamland, which have often been derivative of other, Western park themes and ride systems, but also from the glocalizing approaches of such Western companies as Disney or Universal. Combining Chinese stories and heritage with new and innovative ride systems, Oriental Heritage also differs markedly from the ‘ethnic culture parks’ whose performative open-air displays dominated the first boom phase of the theme park in China during the mid-1990s. With its traditional Chinese architectural style, Chinese intellectual property or cultural traditions, and technically ambitious ride systems, the ‘high-tech theme park full of stories’, as it refers to itself, marks the culmination of Fangte's brand evolution from the imitative Adventure and Dreamland models to the confidently Chinese Oriental Heritage concept, making Fangte a particularly interesting and potentially representative model of where the Chinese theme park industry could be headed.

Transformation of Traditional Balinese House in Banjar Umacandi, Buduk Village, Bali, Indonesia

The phenomenon of the transformation of traditional Balinese houses in Banjar Umacandi is interesting to study. The perpetrators of the conversion of religion from Hinduism to Christianity, should live in the Christian world, but the perpetrators of the conversion in Banjar Umacadi still apply some of the values of traditional Balinese houses as a form of Balinese culture derived from the teachings of Hinduism. The change in traditional Balinese houses has three implications, namely: (a) the side of creating new concepts, (b) developing and strengthening existing concepts, (c) losing the original concept. This article will describe the transformation of traditional Balinese dwelling houses by simultaneously exploring the conversion of religion from Hinduism to Christianity. In the hope that it can be understood the extent of the change in traditional Balinese dwelling houses in the middle of an area with high religious conversion. These changes have an impact on the transformation of traditional Balinese values, especially in terms of Balinese building architecture, in addition to the values of social wisdom and other local wisdom values. Furthermore, this article aims to investigate the factors causing the transformation of traditional Balinese houses, the transformation process and the implications of transformation on socio-cultural and religious life in Banjar Umacandi, Buduk Village. The method used is qualitative research, because the emphasis is not on measurement but on trying to find the subjective meaning of the research subject. The results showed that economic factors are the main factors that influence the transformation of traditional Balinese residential houses in Banjar Umacandi. Ideological factors are not the main factors causing the transformation of traditional Balinese residential houses in Banjar Umacandi. The transformation of residential houses in Banjar Umacandi has not yet fully occurred. Local residences have transformed from traditional Balinese houses into modern houses (non-traditional architecture) in the traditional Balinese architectural style. The concept of a modern house in the Balinese architectural style that is still maintained, has implications for the socio-cultural life and the local waga religion. The fusion between the Hindu system of citizens and conversion actors who still maintain the concept of Balinese culture as a common thread, has an impact on the creation of harmonization in Banjar Umacandi to this day.

Study on the Application of Chinese Traditional Visual Elements in Visual Communication Design

This study analyzed the data collected from field research and SD questionnaires on the application of traditional elements in Aba Prefecture. This study adopted the multidisciplinary research method integrating linguistics, architecture, art, and statistics of science and technology to discuss the related issues of the cultural industry park, and analyze the expression of traditional art elements in the visual communication of the cultural industry park. First, based on the photographs taken, we analyzed the layout of typical scenes of traditional element applications on the plane, including the analysis of traditional element types, colors, and materials. Second, the SD questionnaire results are displayed and analyzed. From the comprehensive scores of the respondents, we learned that the application of traditional elements has different effects on the architectural landscape. The main results show that (1) the public has a positive attitude toward the expression of traditional culture in the planning and construction of the park. Scenes rich in traditional elements play a positive role in the transmission of traditional culture and the creation of a traditional atmosphere; (2) showing traditional architectural styles and landscape layouts in a reproducible way can more intuitively set off the traditional cultural atmosphere; (3) the texture of the stone wall has certain rules and principles. The arrangement and combination of stones are a plane composition, and the visual characteristics brought by the wall can be specifically analyzed according to the elements of the plane composition. The stone masonry wall is analyzed according to the elements of plane composition, which can be divided into visual elements and relational elements. The visual elements are divided into the size, shape, color, and texture of the image, and the relational elements refer to the relationship between position and arrangement, including orientation, location, and center of gravity.

An integrating contextual approach using architectural procedural modeling and augmented reality in residential buildings: the case of Amman city

In architecture, context term refers to the surrounding area in which the building is situated. Context is crucial in architectural theory and practice when developing architectural vocabulary. Creating harmony with historic context amidst expanding development has been a primary concern and focus of designers since the mid-twentieth century. Contextualism theory refers to the interaction between new buildings and their surroundings, as well as the challenge of integrating new and existing structures to establish congruence and continuity. When using a contextual design method, an analysis of traditional architectural style has a considerable impact on a designer’s decision-making process (Lambe and Dongre, 2019). In this study, a general framework is proposed, which integrates shape grammar-based procedural modeling and augmented reality technology to create a harmonious environment through the generation of new designs based on the grammar of the existing architectural style of the residential buildings in Amman city without limiting the designer’s creativity of order to address the issue of Western architectural movements influencing the architectural style in Amman, which is incompatible with the city’s identity and it’s context. This approach was tested on a group of University of Jordan students, and the results were evaluated using a machine learning model. The effectiveness of this method was discovered, and it can be regarded as a step toward achieving spatial congruence.

Historical Cultural Layers and Sustainable Design Art Models for Architectural Engineering—Took Public Art Proposal for the Tainan Bus Station Construction Project as an Example

The concept of “historic buildings” is cultural with evolutionary characteristics, mainly constructed in the category of historical culture and people’s living settlements. “Public art” is an artistic asset with aesthetic attributes in urban living spaces. It contains two connotations, “cultural landscape” and “cultural route”, which form an artistic symbol of urban architectural space at the same time. Along with the progress of an urban renewal plan, a local culture characterized the urban landscape, making architecture a tool used to convey cultural identity spatially. Two coexisting issues can be seen through the accumulated structure and long-term changes of historic buildings, a region’s appearance, and the content of the traditional architectural styles—cultural value preservation and modern urban renewal—which ferment and generate decision-making discussion of design subtly in every corner of a city. This study examines the extant literature and the design model of public art landscape setting to construct a design model that balances the cultural value of historic buildings, and the landscape of public art has been proposed as a result of this study.

Integration of Hausa Traditional Architecture in the Development of Abuja: A Methodological Approach

The development of urban areas is a discourse that has been on-going particularly in Abuja, Nigeria where different modern styles of architecture have emerged in recent years. Yet little is done in the adoption of traditional architecture into the present needs. Therefore, this paper presents the potentials of Hausa traditional architecture, in terms of how architecture still adopts to the various impacts of modernization. A literature-based discourse is pursued in this study. The main keywords are expanded to argue the adaptation of Hausa traditional architectural styles into the present need for development in urban areas. Findings here suggests traditional architecture adapts better to the present developmental needs and the local materials used are less expensive, durable, cost effective. Furthermore, the findings are expected to spur developers as well as the different development control agencies particularly in Abuja to develop models for infrastructural developments. It ends with a discourse that integrates Hausa traditional architecture with urban development.