Trading Companies Research Articles

The Effect of Strategic Leadership On Sustainable Competitive Advantage

This research aims to analyze and identify the effect of strategic leadership on sustainable competitive advantage. This study uses quantitative method with descriptive and associative research. The population includes employees of PT X (heavy equipment trading company), with a sample of 30-500 respondents. The results show that strategic leadership has a positive effect on sustainable competitive advantage applied by respondent. Testing the strategic leadership effect on sustainable competitive advantage produced a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, with a correlation coefficient value of 0.927. It can be concluded that strategic leadership has a strong influence on sustainable competitive advantage, with a correlation coefficient value of 0.927. Within this study, the majority of respondents expressed agreement with the questionnaire statement in this research regarding the strategic leadership variable, with 16 statement indicators submitted by the researcher and the sustainable competitive advantage (Y) variables, with 14 statement indicators submitted by the researcher.

The effect of leader-team (in-)congruence in future orientation on leader’s participative leadership: the moderating role of leader workload

Purpose Prior studies have consistently treated participative leadership as a given leadership style. Conversely, this study aims to prove that participative leadership can be predicted by leaders and teams collectively, depending on leaders' work characteristics (i.e. workload). Design/methodology/approach A two-source survey was designed to collect data from a sample of 89 leader-team dyads in a trading company in a southeastern Chinese city. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Findings The leader showed more participative leadership when leader-team future orientation was congruent rather than incongruent; in the congruent situation, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between leader-team future orientation congruence and participative leadership; in the incongruent situation, when the team's future orientation gradually exceeded the leader's, participative leadership first increased and then decreased; and leader workload positively moderated the relationship between leader-team future orientation congruence and participative leadership. Originality/value These findings theoretically respond to the call for investigating the influence of leader-team future orientation congruence on leaders’ behaviors, and in practice enlighten managers on how to encourage supervisors to involve employees in decision-making processes.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Inventory (Studi Kasus: UD. Asia Pratama Pekanbaru)

UD Asia Pratama Pekanbaru, a trading company in the building industry, is facing problems in managing inventory which is still manual, causing inefficiencies and inaccurate data. This research aims to design and implement an efficient and effective web-based inventory management system. The system development method uses the Waterfall model, including requirements analysis, design, implementation and testing. Data was collected through interviews with employees and analysis of documents related to inventory. The research results show that the system developed can increase inventory management efficiency, with real-time stock management features, recording of incoming and outgoing goods, and accurate reporting. User testing and evaluation shows that the system is acceptable and meets UD Asia Pratama's needs in overcoming inventory problems.

Optimisation Of Ud Barokah Furniture Business Operations In Kalirejo Village, Sumbermalang District, Situbondo Regency

Every company, be it industrial, trade or service companies, has the same goal, namely to obtain maximum profits. To achieve this goal, companies need to optimize their production results, because with optimal production results they will also obtain maximum profits. The UD Al Barokah Furniture Company processes or produces cupboards, couches, chairs, toilets, etc. By using several stages of the production process, such as felling wood, transporting wood, cutting wood, sawing, and refining wood to produce better and better wood. The research method used is a qualitative approach. Determining the data source uses a purposive sampling technique, while the data collection method uses observation, interviews and documentation methods. The data analysis method uses reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. The data validity method uses source triangulation. The conclusions of this research are: (1) The way to optimize UD Al Barokah Furniture Business Operations is to increase capital by setting aside a small amount of profits obtained, without borrowing business capital from banks or other financial institutions. (2) Not being able to buy a generator when the electricity goes out, the process of making cupboards, cots, chairs, toilets and so on is not optimal, because some machines still use electricity. (3) When drying in the rainy season for drying wood using a shady place, when the electricity goes out, the process of making cupboards, couches, chairs, toilets and so on uses manual tools, and other supporting factors use raw materials mixed with teak wood and wood. milina

STRATEGI PELAYANAN KONSULTAN PAJAK DALAM MENCAPAI KEPATUHAN KEWAJIBAN PERPAJAKAN PADA PERUSAHAAN DAGANG KOTA BANDUNG

Taxes, which are one source of income for the state to carry out development, will continue to grow when this income increases every year. The role of tax consultants in achieving compliance with tax obligations is very important. There are many benefits for users of tax consultant services. The method used in this research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive research type. This is intended to obtain a descriptive picture of the problems in this research. This research uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews and document searches. There were several informants involved in this research. The informant is a tax consultant and a trading company in Bandung. The results of the research show that the presence of tax consultants is very necessary for trading companies that do not understand taxation. There are also many challenges faced by a tax consultant in current tax developments. The benefits felt by trading companies when using tax consultant services can make companies more tax aware and comply with tax obligations properly according to applicable regulations. Taxpayers previously felt many obstacles, with a tax consultant they will feel very helped.

Pengaruh Karakteristik Klien dan Kantor Akuntan Publik Terhadap Audit Delay di Indonesia

This study aims to study the audit delay phenomenon that occurs in trading, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. This research uses quantitative methods. The type of data used is secondary data sourced from audited financial reports from 2018-2022. The sample in this study was taken from data on trading, service and investment sector companies listed on the IDX. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study state that the going concern audit opinion variable has an effect on audit delay, while the solvency variable, company size, audit tenure, public accounting firm size, and KAP industry specialization have no effect on audit delay.

Governing Over Distance: Delegating Trust and Dealing with Disorder in the Early East India Company Trade

ABSTRACT This study uses an overlooked case to reveal how the problem of distance shaped the early English East Indies trade. In 1617, preacher William Lesk returned to London from Surat. He had been sent to be a moral leader for East India Company factors, but they returned him when his scandalous behaviour threatened the survival of the Company’s trade in the Mughal empire. The social circumstances of the factory had real, material consequences. The factors sent signed eyewitness accounts of his misdeeds for Company leaders to address, but in London, Lesk’s claims of first-hand knowledge of the East Indies trade and affairs in Surat, along with savvy use of the politics of publicity, meant that Company leaders found him challenging to deal with. The story of Lesk reveals how managing distance required compromises on how best to govern the East Indies trade. Distance shaped how Company leaders interpreted events in the East Indies, while also opening up avenues for resisting Company judgements. Distance informed every aspect of the Company’s operation – not just economic but also social and political – and is essential to understanding how and why the Company developed as it did, both in the East Indies and London.

Giao dịch thuật toán trên thị trường chứng khoán dưới góc nhìn công nghệ

The power of the technological revolution, combining technology and finance, has significantly transformed the way transactions are conducted in the stock market. Algorithmic trading is not only a new trend but also an essential requirement in an increasingly complex market that demands flexible and rapid adaptation. Large financial institutions such as major stock trading companies, investment funds, and individual investors are all seeking to leverage the power of technology to optimize trading performance and maximize profits. In this paper, we provide an insight into automatic algorithmic trading in the stock market from a technological perspective: how algorithms operate, their benefits, as well as the challenges and risks investors have to deal with when using them. The paper employs synthesis, comparison, and contrast methodologies based on published research to evaluate and provide recommendations for algorithmic trading. Our evaluation confirms that algorithmic trading is an inseparable part of the modern stock market.

The Effect of Tax Planning on Company Value in Manufacturing Companies in the Food and Beverage Sector Listed on the IDX

This study aims to determine the influence of Tax Planning on Company Value. Tax Planning is used as an independent variable and Company Value as a dependent variable. The population in this study is food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2012. The sample consists of 6 companies with a period of 5 years. namely: Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk, Nippon Indosari Corporindo Tbk, Sekar Bumi Tbk, Sekar Laut Tbk, Siantar Top Tbk, and Ultrajaya Milk Industry and Trading Company, Tbk. The sample selection method is purposive sampling. The type of data used is quantitative data and data sources using secondary data. The analysis method used to test the hypothesis is to use simple linear regression analysis. The results show that tax planning does not have a significant effect on the Company's Value.

DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES OF COMPANIES TRADING ON SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS

Contemporary trade companies operate within a multifaceted and rapidly changing environment that is shaped by both exogenous and endogenous factors, where digital marketing technologies play a special role. The purpose of the article is to identify the connection between digital marketing technologies and retail business sales regarding their use in marketing budget effectiveness. The study utilized the method of econometric analysis (regression analysis, analysis of descriptive statistics) as well as the method of social network analysis. Regression analysis showed the importance of investment in advertising and customization of marketing campaigns due to the cutting-edge technologies. Factors such as advertising budget, the number of posts, likes, and comments on social networks have a significant impact on sales. Based on the model's findings, every extra dollar allocated towards advertising amplifies sales by 0.0497 units, indicating the importance of investment in advertising campaigns. The sales distribution is somewhat skewed with a mean of 909 and a median of 922. The analysis revealed significant variability in key variables, indicating the diversity of strategies and conditions in which different companies operate. Practical digital marketing solutions for retail businesses include increased investment in social media advertising, regular posts, and engagement through likes and comments. The promising area for further research is to explore the potential of artificial intelligence for personalizing retail business marketing.

PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA PT SEMESTANUSTRA DISTRINDO, TANJUNG MORAWA – DELI SERDANG

PT Semestanustra Distrindo, Tanjung Morawa - Deli Serdang is a trading company that sells various kinds of biscuits and snacks. This company sells in the form of consignment sales where consignment is: sales are made by entrusting goods to an outlet that acts as a selling agent but the rights to the goods remain in the hands of the owner until sold. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of product quality on purchasing decisions. The method used in this research is descriptive method, this type of research is quantitative data, primary data obtained through questionnaires. The research population that will be used in the research is all consumers who made purchases from the company during the 2020 period, totaling 204 consumers. Because the population used is 204 consumers, the population will be reduced using the Slovin sampling technique with a confidence level of 95% and an error rate of 5%, where 135 samples are obtained. The analysis technique used is simple linear analysis and statistical tests, namely t-test (partial) using SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) software. The test results show that product quality partially has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions.

Analisis Financial Distress pada Perusahaan Sektor Perdagangan, Jasa dan Investasi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

Identification of financial distress conditions was an important thing for companies to anticipate bankruptcy. This study was aimed to analyze the financial distress model in trading, service and investment sector companies in 2018-2020 using the Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski modified models. In addition, this was also aimed to determine the level of accuracy of the Modified Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski models. This research was included in the type of quantitative research. The research population consisted of all trading, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period 2018-2020. This study used purposive sampling technique with total 133 companies. The data analysis model used in this study were the Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski Modified Model. It was conducted by taking secondary data from the Indonesian Stock Exchange website (www.idx.co.id). Based on the results of the analysis that had been carried out, the results showed that: (1) There were 55,89% companies experiencing financial distress and 44,11% non-financial distress using the Springate model on the analysis; (2) On the analysis using the Altman Z-Score Modified model, there were 25.81% companies experiencing financial distress and 59,65% nonfinancial distress; (3) Using the Zmijewski model, it showed that 20,80% of companies experienced financial distress and 79,20% of non-financial distress; (4) Using the Grover model, it showed that 20.80% of companies experienced financial distress and 77,94% of non-financial distress; (5) The Springate model was the most accurate model in analyzing the financial distress. Keywords: Accuracy Level, Altman Z-Score Modification, Financial Distress, Grover, Springate, Zmijewski.

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF HERBAL TEA SAMPLES WITH CIPROFLOXACIN AGAINST MRSA AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES

OBJECTIVE: Sambucus nigra L. (elderberry), Salvia sclarea L. (clary sage), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), and Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) are all consumed as flavoring agents for food and are well-known in traditional medicine for the treating various diseases worldwide. These herbs are also commonly used for microbial infections, especially to relieve cough, fever, and cold symptoms. This study aims to screen and compare the content of total phenols and antioxidant activity potential of three different extracts from each commercial sample of S. nigra, S. sclarea, R. officinalis and C. sativum from Türkiye. We also investigated the (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (methicillin-susceptible, MSSA) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 (methicillin-resistant, MRSA) and the synergistic activity with an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, by checkerboard assay. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The fruits of S. nigra and C. sativum, the aerial parts of S. sclarea, and the leaves of R. officinalis were purchased from a trading company that marketed them as herbal tea in Türkiye. This study investigated the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of extracts from commercial samples. We also determined the synergistic effect of herbal tea samples with ciprofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). RESULTS: R. officinalis (rosemary) and Salvia sclarea (clary sage) extracts showed high phenolic content and antioxidant activity, whereas it was determined that C.sativum (coriander) and S. nigra (elderberry) extracts exhibited lower antioxidant activity and low phenolic compounds. Moreover, ciprofloxacin in combination with the ethanolic extract of S. sclarea showed additive antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 43300. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that herbal tea prepared from commercial R. officinalis (rosemary) and S.sclarea (clary sage) samples can support the antioxidant activity with high phenolic content and that ciprofloxacin combined with the ethanolic extract of clary sage showed additive antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of additive action in detail.

Influence of Inventory Turnover, Receivable Turnover, and Sales Growth on Profitability with Good Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of inventory turnover, receivable turnover and sales growth partially and simultaneously on ROA in trading and distribution business companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this research are trading and distribution business companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used in this research was the purposive sampling method and 12 companies were obtained. The analysis technique in this research uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) using the SPSS 29 program. The results of this research conclude that inventory turnover has an effect on profitability while receivable turnover and sales growth have no effect on profitability. While the Independent Board of Commissioners can significantly influence the relationship between inventory turnover and profitability, the Independent Board of Commissioners cannot influence or is unable to moderate the relationship between receivable turnover and sales growth and profitability.

Impact of management systems on business operations in trade: Case of the Republic of Croatia

This paper analyses the impact of an integrated business management system on business operations in trade in Republic of Croatia. The integration of management systems provides various benefits to a company, so the aim of this paper is to analyse the impacts of integrated management systems on the business operations of trade companies in the Republic of Croatia. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse, but also to adequately theoretically argue the impact of transformational leadership, quality culture, and the degree of integration on the development of integrated management systems. Empirical research investigated integrated management systems in companies in the trade sector in the Republic of Croatia. Based on the set conceptual model and research results, we conclude that companies with a highly developed quality culture have proven management system integration. Our research didn’t confirm the significance of transformational leadership in interpreting changes in the degree of management system integration, but it highlights the positive correlation between the application of quality culture and integration; confirms the substantial impact of integrated management systems on both internal and external benefits, emphasizing its strategic imperative for sustained business success.

Analysis of Financial Ratio to Assets Financial Performance in Food and Beverage Sub Sector of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) for the Period 2019-2022

The purpose of this study is to use financial ratio analysis to evaluate the company's financial performance. The food and beverage companies that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019–2022 timeframe comprise the study's population. Secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange publication is the sort of data that was used. Eight businesses served as the study's samples, which were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Multiple regression analysis is the method of data analysis that is employed. The Eight businesses are PT Tri Banyan Tirta Tbk, PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk, PT Garudafood Putra Putri Jaya Tbk, PT Buyung Poetra Sembada Tbk, PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk, PT Mayora Indah Tbk, PT Sekar Laut Tbk, and PT Ultra Jaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk. The study's findings show that while liquidity has a large positive impact on financial performance, solvency has a large impact on financial performance, profitability has a significant impact on financial performance.

Research design and production of ambient atmosphere monitoring control system internet of things technology application

In this paper, presents solutions to application internet of things (IoT) technology in the field of high-tech agriculture, livestock in Vietnam is currently a new problem. The system includes an application on a smartphone; access the parameters via the web, on the computer. The product has a monitoring function: the ambient atmosphere indicators of the pig farm (temperature, humidity, CO<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S gas, and Biogas pressure), on the website 24/24 hour and control automatic control monitoring system. This is a problem of researching, designing and manufacturing products to automatically control the quality of the ambient atmosphere to improve productivity and quality of pig raising in practice at Bach Khoa Production, Trade and Service Joint Stock Company Bach Phuong (Address: Vinh Hao Commune, Vu Ban District, Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam).

Optimizing Organizational Performance Through a Conversation-Based Performance Management System Approach

This study examines the need for an effective performance management system within organizations. Prior research indicates that such systems significantly enhance business outcomes (Pulakos, Mueller-Hanson & Arad, 2019). O’Kane, McCracken & Brown (2022) introduced a conversation-based performance management model grounded in social exchange theory (SET), suggesting that discussions between supervisors and subordinates foster positive reciprocal relationships. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the performance management system implemented by a private trading company in Indonesia. The qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with the Board of Directors, HRD, Line Managers, and Staff, as well as focus group discussions with Senior Managers. Findings reveal gaps in the system's implementation, notably the absence of feedback processes central to this model. Identified factors contributing to these gaps include goal alignment, feedback frequency, skills development, and formality, alongside environmental factors such as design, development function, buy-in, culture, and linkage with other systems. The study underscores the importance of feedback and explores the system's effectiveness from various perspectives, offering insights that contribute to the literature on performance management systems, particularly conversation-based approaches in private companies in Indonesia.

Comparative Analysis of Financial Ratio Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Retail Trade Companies in Indonesia Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aims to determine the financial performance of retail trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 until early 2021. The financial ratios used are the current ratio, debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio. , total assets turnover, and return on equity. The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. . The population is 26 retail trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020. A sample of 24 companies that have published their financial statements 2020. The data analysis method used is the paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test, which were previously tested normality. The results of the analysis show that the company's profitability during the COVID-19 pandemic when viewed from ROA, ROE and PM can be said to be unhealthy, because the company's average profitability is below the industry standard ratio value. Meanwhile, the company's liquidity during the COVID-19 pandemic when viewed from the CR, DER and DAR can also be said to be unhealthy. This can be seen from the average ratio value, far from the industry standard ratio value.

Enhancing Export Delivery Performance: Strategic Interventions for Overcoming Late Deliveries in Malaysia’s Food Trading Company

Enhancing Export Delivery Performance: Strategic Interventions for Overcoming Late Deliveries in Malaysia’s Food Trading Company