Tractor Power Research Articles

An exhaustive investigation into power performance of an unmanned robotized vehicle for industrial transportations

Investigation of power performance of an unmanned robotized vehicle for industrial transportations of payloads leads to appearance of an applied research in this study. This novel aim has been chosen based on operational requirement of the vehicle. Hence, it can be highlighted that this paper is the first exhaustive investigation for power efficiencies (tractive, slip, and motion power efficiencies) of the vehicle. To this aim, various payloads mounted on a trailer (1–5 kN) were towed by the vehicle through diverse tire air pressures (20.68–55.16 kPa) and drive speeds (0.17–0.5 m/s). Results illuminate that tire air pressure and payload weight had consequential contribution to motion and slip power efficiencies. While, tractive power efficiency mainly depended on payload weight. Linear regression approximations demonstrate that dual cumulative contributory effect of payload weight and tire air pressure on the motion power efficiency (87.28–99.84 %) and slip power efficiency (66.48–98.82 %) was synergetic. Meanwhile, tractive power efficiency (66.31–94.27 %) nonlinearly dropped with augmentation of payload weight. Resultant slip and motion power inefficiency were associate with vehicle motion power loss in amplitude of 0.28–123.52 and 0.21–10.33 W, respectively. Consequently, tractive power inefficiency was associate with vehicle motion power loss in amplitude of 1.30–124.46 W. This amplitude spotlights that 5.78–33.78 % of vehicle motion power inevitably wasted inside wheel-surface interface in towing tasks. Overall, numerical and analytical descriptions of the results as well as practical suggestions provide appropriate guidelines for vehicle supervisor in order to optimize power performance.

Modern GPS diagnostic technique to determine and map soil hardpan for enhancing agricultural operation management

Among the undesirable effects of soil compaction is a measurable reduction in plant growth and crop yield. The prevailing belief is that compacted tillage pans are caused by repetitive farming practices, heavy tractors, tillage tools, and field traffic. This experiment was conducted to determine and map the hardpan layers across an agricultural field through advanced technologies of precision agriculture. These valuable techniques such as data logger, yield map, and data analysis of performance indicators were linked with accurate global positioning systems (GPS) datasets. These important technologies provided the farmers and helped them to identify and manage areas of the fields with higher compacted layers. Three ground speeds 4.3, 5.2, and 6.4 km h-1 were performed with two tillage depths 25 and 40 cm of a chisel plow. The effects of these two factors were studied to determine slippage percentage, field productivity, traction power, and fuel consumption. For the first shallow 25 cm depth, the results showed that increasing the speed from 4.3 to 5.2 and then to 6.4 km h-1 led to a significant increase in slippage percentage from 7.22 to 10.35 and then to 12.63%, respectively. Increasing the speed increases field productivity from 0.547 to 0.663 then to 0. 749 ha hour-1, and tractive power increases from 9.44 to 11.74, then to 13.24 hp. As a result, there was a significant increase in the fuel consumption rate from 18.44 to 20.15, then to 22.27 L hour-1, respectively. Changing the depth from 25 to 40 cm and increasing the practical speed from 4.3 to 5.2 and then to 6.4 km h-1 led to a significant increase in slippage percentage from 10.14 to 12.77 and then to 15.27%, and a significant increase in field productivity from 0.446 to 0.568 and then to 0.640 ha hour-1, respectively. This led to a significant increase in traction power from 12.72 to 13.36, then to 15.87 hp. Increasing the speed also brought a significant increase in fuel rate from 22.14 to 23.54 and then to 26.14 L ha-1, respectively. Based on this study, it was concluded that the use of this powerful approach was a useful methodology to reflect, determine, specify, and manage the regions of induced and hardpan zones by means of dataset analyses provided by the GPS for the desired field.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A ARTICULATED FRAME WITH A CAB TURN MECHANISM

Tractors are technological energy means used for general mechanization and automation of agricultural production, as well as for the transportation of finished raw materials. Tractors of traction class 8 must have high productivity and efficiency, in order to achieve the best results, in the shortest agrotechnical time.
 The need for the development of tractor designs of the 8th traction class is explained by current trends in the development of agriculture. The increase in the area of agricultural land sets manufacturers the task of increasing the speed of tillage, which entails an increase in the power and ergonomics of tractors.
 The necessary traction and layout characteristics of energy-saturated tractors of traction class 8 allow the implementation of articulated frames. The main task of the design is the development of a articulated frame with a cab rotation mechanism that will be able to fulfill the requirements for modern tractors of the 8th traction class.
 Purpose. Investigation of the forces of resistance to rotation of the articulated frame and the occurrence of a favorable moment for turning the cab using a model in the MATLAB Simulink environment.
 Methodology. Methods of mathematical modeling and analysis were used in the article.
 Results. The parameters showing the necessary forces for the rotation of the articulated frame and the occurrence of a favorable moment for turning the cab are obtained.
 Practical implications. The results obtained can be applied in the design of a tractor on a articulated frame with a cab rotation mechanism.

On the power characteristics of an unmanned tracked vehicle for autonomous transportation of agricultural payloads

Elucidation of power characteristics of an unmanned tracked vehicle for autonomous transportation of agricultural payloads in greenhouse constructions leads to appearance of an applied research in this study. This novel aim has been chosen based on operational requirement of the vehicle. Hence, it can be highlighted that this paper is initiative study described results of power efficiencies (motion, slip, and tractive power efficiencies) of the vehicle. To this aim, various payloads mounted on a trailer (1–5 kN) were towed by the vehicle through diverse drive speeds (0.17–0.5 m/s). Results illuminate that vehicle drive speed and payload weight had consequential contribution to vehicle motion and tractive power efficiencies. While, vehicle slip power efficiency mainly depended on payload weight. Linear regression approximations demonstrate that dual cumulative contributory effect of the drive speed and payload weight on the motion power efficiency (84.98–97.69 %) and tractive power efficiency (78.62–92.92 %) was antagonist and synergetic, respectively. Meanwhile, the slip power efficiency (81.71–98.36 %) linearly dropped with augmentation of payload weight. Resultant slip and motion power inefficiency were associate with vehicle motion power loss in amplitude of 0.39–67.98 and 2.65–14.03 W, respectively. Consequently, tractive power inefficiency was associate with vehicle motion power loss in amplitude of 3.15–82.01 W. This amplitude spotlights that 3.35–43.62 % of vehicle motion power inevitably wasted inside track-surface interface in agricultural towing tasks. Overall, numerical and analytical descriptions of the results as well as practical suggestions provide appropriate guidelines for vehicle supervisor in order to optimize power characteristics.

Power Compensation Strategy and Experiment of Large Seedling Tree Planter Based on Energy Storage Flywheel

The intermittent hole-digging tree-planting machine shows a periodic short-time peak load law in planting operation, and the operation process is “idling” for small loads most of the time, leading to large torque fluctuations in the transmission system, unscientific power matching, and high energy consumption. To solve the above problems, this article proposes to use a series of energy-saving flywheels in the transmission system of the tree planting machine. On the premise of obtaining holes that meet the target young tree planting requirements, the optimal power compensation strategy for the flywheel system of the tree planting machine is studied to reduce torque fluctuations in the power transmission system, use smaller power drive units, and save energy. Firstly, the nonlinear multi-body dynamics simulation model of soil cutting by the hole-digging component is established. The boundary and contact conditions are set to simulate the power consumption of the hole-digging component at three rotating speeds. Based on the simulation results, the flywheel power compensation strategy is discussed, and the torque fluctuation of the flywheel balance system is analyzed. The results showed that the higher the speed, the greater the power consumption. The power value suddenly increased from 17.82 kW (1.28 s) to 27.93 kW (1.43 s) when the speed was 220 r/min. Then, the power value rapidly decreased, and the power consumption presented a short-term peak feature. The transmission system’s maximum input power is determined as 17.82 kW according to the various simulated power consumption characteristics. The part exceeding the power consumption is compensated by the energy storage flywheel. The total compensation energy was 2382.5 J. After the flywheel system was involved, the maximum output power of the tractor power output shaft decreased by 36.2%, and the peak torque decreased from 445.7 N·m to 285.1 N·m. The power consumption obtained from the field test and simulation was similar, but the energy required to overcome peak load was jointly provided by the flywheel and the engine. The actual input power of the power output shaft during the energy release period of the flywheel system was 18.51 kW when the rotating speed of the hole-digging component was 220 r/min, and the relative error with the simulation value was 2.43%. The measured actual speed reduction of the flywheel system was 8.9%. After installing an energy storage flywheel in the transmission system of the tree planting machine, the output power of the power unit can be stabilized. Tree planting machines can be equipped with smaller power units, which can reduce energy consumption and exhaust emissions.

Determination of Agricultural Mechanization Level of Azerbaijan in Plant Production

The agricultural mechanization characteristics of Azerbaijan were investigated in this study. Based on the statistical data of Azerbaijan, the number of tractors, the number of agricultural tools and machines and agricultural mechanization level indicators were calculated and summarized. Respectively in the years 2010 and 2021, average tractor power was identified as 68.2 and 74.7 HP, tractor power per cultivated area as 916 and 1672.2 HP/ha, number of tractors per 1000 hectares as 13.4 and 22.2, number of combine harvesters per 1000 hectares as 1.2 and 2.1, cultivated area per tractor as 75 and 45 ha, cultivated area per combine harvester as 821.5 and 458.3 ha, agricultural field per capita as 0.52 and 0.47 ha and finally number of people per agricultural field as 1910 and 2120.

A Literature Review on Train Motion Model Calibration

The dynamics of a moving train are usually described by means of a motion model based on Newton’s second law. This model uses as input track geometry data and train characteristics like mass, the parameters that model the running resistance, the maximum tractive effort and power, and the brake rates to be applied. It can reproduce and predict train dynamics accurately if the mentioned train characteristics are carefully calibrated. The model constitutes the core element of a broad variety of railway applications, from timetabling tools to Driver Advisory Systems and Automatic Train Operation. Among the existing train motion model calibration techniques, those that use operational data are of particular interest, as they benefit from on- board recorded data, capturing the train dynamics during operation. In this literature review article we provide an overview of the train motion model calibration techniques that have been published in the scientific literature between January 2000 and December 2021 and either use operational data or can be minimally adapted to use it. To this end, we present a critical overview of the existing train motion model calibration approaches, distinguishing online calibration that analyzes data on- the-go and offline calibration that analyzes historical data batchwise. We propose a research agenda and highlight some potential goals to be tackled in the near future: from devising accurate online calibrators for eco-driving applications to quantitizing the physical sources of parameter variation. Last, we discuss practical recommendations for practitioners and scholars inferred from the current state of the art.

Determination of the working energy capacity of the on-board energy storage system of an electric locomotive for quarry railway transport during working with a limitation of consumed power

The use of specialized rail rolling stock which is used for transporting ore from the quarry to the crushing plant at mining enterprises is analyzed here. Electric locomotives with an asynchronous traction electric drive and an on-board energy storage system are considered for use. The calculated dependencies of the electric locomotive trac-tive power were analyzed and it was established that on flat sections of the track profile, the movement is carried out with a power that does not exceed 50% of the nominal one. The movement with the nominal power is carried out on the controlled uphill during the cargo half-passage. To ensure the necessary power for movement in such areas, the use of an on-board energy storage system is proposed, which should feed the traction system while limiting the power consumed from the catenary. This happens when the voltage on the pantograph drops to a minimum level. The aim of this work is to determine the on-board energy storage system parameters during the operation of the electric locomotive with limitation of the power consumed from the traction network. Mathemati-cal models of the energy exchange processes in the electric locomotive traction system have been developed. The criteria for comparing options for calculating the parameters of the on-board energy storage system have been proposed. The criteria take into account the reduction of energy consumption during movement, the efficiency of energy storage, and the complete use of the on-board energy storage system in terms of power and working energy capacity. Based on the calculation results, it was determined that the use of an energy storage device with a power of 3,540 kW and an operating energy capacity of 63.5 kWh provides a 10% reduction in energy consumption, which is being consumed while moving along the sample section of the road. The current that can be consumed by an electric locomotive with such parameters of the on-board energy storage system is limited by 600 A.

Effect of farm power on farm household livelihood in Makurdi local government area of Benue state

This study investigates on the effect of farm power on household livelihood in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue state. A random and purposive sampling were used to select farmers from different council wards and a total 100 respondents were selected as sample size for the study. Factor analysis, and multiple regression were used to determine the factors affecting the use of farm power, examine the effect of tractor power on area cultivated of food crops, analyze the effect of tractor power on farm productivity and assess the effect of tractor power on poverty level of farmers in the study area. The study revealed that an increase in tractor power used will lead to increase in area cultivated of food crops by 2.24 hectares; a unit increase in tractor power use will lead to increase in farm productivity by 361.05 tonnes per ha; a unit increase in tractor power used will lead to decrease in poverty level of farmers by 0.77 units. The study therefore recommends that, Agricultural policy makers should place more emphasis on the development of small-scale farmers particularly in the use of appropriate and affordable farm power options, credit acquisition amongst others.

OPTIMIZATION OF MECHANIZED FLEET AS FUNCTION OF CULTIVATED-AREA AT BEGINNING OF THE BIOENERGY BRAZILIAN PROGRAM (PRO-ALCOHOL)

In the 1960s, due to the closing of the US sugar market to Cuba (the Cuban crisis), the Brazilian government developed a strategy to occupy part of this market: through the Sugar and Alcohol Institute (IAA), which took several actions to lead to the modernization of sugar and alcohol agroindustry. This strategy was the basis for the national biofuel alcohol production program (Proalcool) in 1975. The ethanol jumped from 0.6 to 3.4 billion liters from 1975 to 1979/80, significantly exceeding the production target. This feat stimulated the Planalsucar (IAA) research to conduct an extensive survey of the fleet of agricultural machinery and implements in 67 units. The general aim of the present paper was to provide a historical record of this unedited survey database. The specific goal was to analyze the variation in the number of tractors and implements per thousand ha as a function of the sugarcane planting area to study the optimization of equipment use. We determined the linear correlation coefficient and the regression equation for each device. All significant correlation coefficients showed a decrease in the number of machines and implements per 1,000 ha related to cultivated area as follows: the number of tire tractors, total power of tire tractors (kW), harrows, plowers, furrows, loaders, and cultivators (cultivating implements). In other words, the larger the property, the smaller the need for tractors and implements per unit area. This work brought evidence to the performance of a process of the economy of scale in the sugarcane production system.

The agricultural mechanization situation of agricultural enterprises involved in organic and conventional hazelnut cultivation in Turkiye

The aim of the research is to examine and evaluate the agricultural mechanization status of organic and traditional hazelnut farming enterprises in Alaplı and Karadeniz Ereğli districts of Zonguldak province in Turkey. A survey was conducted with a total of 209 enterprises from 34 villages in 2 districts where hazelnut production is intense in the research. The survey study includes information about the land assets of the enterprises, tractor, agricultural-tool and machinery assets, and hazelnut production stages. In addition, mechanization applications in all agricultural processes from tillage to harvest in hazelnut production were examined and evaluated. It has been determined that 24 of the organic hazelnut production enterprises and 30 of the traditional hazelnut production enterprises have tractors and it has been determined that the tractor brand preferences of the enterprises vary independently from each other. Massey Ferguson and New Holland brands are mostly preferred. It has been determined that the vast majority of businesses prefer to use motorized hoeing machines. As a result, when organic hazelnut enterprises used traditional hazelnut production in previous years and gave up this production system, they reduced the use of tools and machinery. For this reason, it has been determined that there are fewer tools and machines in organic hazelnut producer enterprises compared to traditional hazelnut producer enterprises. While the tractor power (kW/ha) value per unit area processed in organic hazelnut producer enterprises was 1.344, this value was found as 6.320 kW/ha in traditional hazelnut producer enterprises. It is seen that traditional hazelnut producer enterprises are in a better situation in terms of mechanization level than organic hazelnut producer enterprises.

Driving System Design and Power Source Parameter Optimization of Tractor with Dual-Motor Coupling Drive

For the poor working conditions of tractors, single-motor drive tractors usually choose a motor with large parameters, which leads to the lower efficiency of the motor under low-load conditions. Taking a wheeled tractor of YTO as the research object, a driving scheme of a dual-motor electric tractor was proposed, and the main components of the tractor electric drive system were matched. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, the electric tractor drive system model was established. On the premise of meeting the dynamic needs of the tractor, an optimization model was established with the tractor power consumption as the optimization goal and the power distribution coefficient of dual motors as the decision variable. The optimization model was solved by a genetic algorithm. The driving characteristics of the optimized electric tractor and the original tractor, as well as the instantaneous power consumption and total power consumption of the tractor before and after optimization, are compared and analyzed. The results show that the traction efficiency of the optimized electric tractor is about 2.7% higher than that of the original tractor, and the total power consumption of the electric tractor before and after optimization is reduced by 8.2%. The power performance and economy of the tractor after parameter matching and optimization are significantly improved.

DC Charging Capabilities of Battery-Integrated Modular Multilevel Converters Based on Maximum Tractive Power

The increase in the average global temperature is a consequence of high greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, using alternative energy carriers that can replace fossil fuels, especially for automotive applications, is of high importance. Introducing more electronics into an automotive battery pack provides more precise control and increases the available energy from the pack. Battery-integrated modular multilevel converters (BI-MMCs) have high efficiency, improved controllability, and better fault isolation capability. However, integrating the battery and inverter influences the maximum DC charging power. Therefore, the DC charging capabilities of 5 3-phase BI-MMCs for a 40-ton commercial vehicle designed for a maximum tractive power of 400 kW was investigated. Two continuous DC charging scenarios are considered for two cases: the first considers the total number of submodules during traction, and the second increases the total number of submodules to ensure a maximum DC charging voltage of 1250 V. The investigation shows that both DC charging scenarios have similar maximum power between 1 and 3 MW. Altering the number of submodules increases the maximum DC charging power at the cost of increased losses.

How tine characteristics of subsoilers affect fuel consumption, penetration resistance and potato yield of a sandy loam soil

Subsoil compaction has become a widespread problem for modern agriculture. Subsoiling is the most common measure to try and deal with this problem. However, despite the widespread use of this type of deep tillage, its effectiveness and sustainability are not without dispute. Previous studies show a great variety of outcomes depending on soil texture, soil moisture content, weather conditions and subsequent field operations, but the effects of the wide variety in available subsoilers have remained understudied. This study evaluated the effectiveness and sustainability of three different subsoilers on a sandy loam soil with a highly compacted upper-subsoil. The tested subsoilers differed in the number of tines, and thus the spacing between them, and several other tine characteristics, like the width of the tine foot and the curvature of the tine. The choice of subsoiler showed a clear impact on soil disruption, fuel consumption and mechanical resistance after one year. Limiting subsoil disturbance by using a subsoiler with less tines seems to have the potential of slowing down recompaction, measured indirectly via penetration resistance, in the upper-subsoil. This would help reduce the frequency of subsoiling, which clearly is a high cost field operation. This experiment highlighted the importance of not over-expanding the working depth of the subsoiler. Not all available subsoilers will be able to disrupt the subsoil down to depths where compaction can regularly be found in Europe and even relatively powerful tractors will be pushed to their limits during these deep tillage operations. Even when effectively breaking open the compacted subsoil layer, no significant effects on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield were observed. Most likely linked to the rather wet conditions prevailing during the tuber bulking period, reducing the potential benefit of opening up the subsoil to root exploration.

Литі модульні трали та перспективні методи виготовлення виливків для спеціальної техніки

The development of high-strength cast modular structures for defense or dual-use equipment contributes to the spread of Wartime conditions make research aimed at increasing the country's defense capabilities a priority. It is also necessary to intensify efforts to create materials with increased properties, develop effective methods, technical means and technologies to increase the resource of various equipment and structures, both military and civilian. The development of high-strength cast modular structures for defense or dual-use equipment contributes to the spread of advanced foundry technologies in the field of the defense-industrial complex. In the work, the design of the modular trawl was improved by switching from welded parts to cast modules (from two parts), which by weight are available for assembling these precise cast iron castings in the field, and when manufactured for operation in extreme conditions, their additional strengthening by heat treatment is recommended. A new type of heat treatment is proposed with scientific and technological justification - hardening of cast working bodies to achieve differential hardness of their surfaces, which in conditions of wear will lead to self-sharpening of working bodies of earthmoving and soil processing equipment. Also given are examples of details of modular constructions made by precision casting on patterns that are gasified (Lost Foam Casting, LFC). These examples of castings are, in fact, examples of parts - replacement modules that replace worn parts. Their production is developed using the LFC method, often in a cast state with holes for fastening, they practically do not require mechanical processing. Like the discussed trawls, plows, cultivators, disk-chisel harrows are installed in rows to modern powerful tractors. Teeth for buckets of excavators or feed conveyors are also mounted in rows. The modular structure allows the replacement of damaged modules (as consumables) with new or more advanced ones with minimal delay in the operation of the main supporting structures associated with the drive mechanism or machine.

Аспекты наследия академика В.П. Горячкина

Possessing deep knowledge of mathematics and general mechanics, V.P. Goryachkin applied them to the design analysis of agricultural machines. Thereby at the beginning of the twentieth century, he established a new scientific discipline, which he called “Agricultural Mechanics”. Within the framework of this science, he also solved some theoretical problems of the tractor. He was engaged in the design of tractor equipment and recommendations for its development during numerous tests at the Machine Testing Station headed by him and within the framework of the government commission. The purpose of the research was to identify the theoretical and practical contribution of V.P. Goryachkin in the establishing of the tractor science and the domestic tractor construction. In accordance with the methods used in the history of science and technology, the author established that V.P. Goryachkin developed the theory of the driving and driven wheels of the tractor, justified proposals for improving the characteristics of the engine and the location of its longitudinal axis relative to the tractor’s travel direction, established the relationship between the tractor power and the operating speed, solved the constructive and power problems of coupling the tractor with a plow, formulated recommendations for improving mechanical propulsion and engines. Conducting numerous tests of tractors in the 1920s, and participating in the work of the government commission, V.P. Goryachkin contributed much to the development of the tractor industry. His recommendations greatly helped determine the pace and trends in the development of tractor construction in the USSR. Based on the conducted research, the author states that by his theoretical research and practical achievements, V.P. Goryachkin made a significant contribution to the history of domestic tractor construction, so his name should be mentioned along with other pioneers of the domestic tractor industry.

Mechanization Status, its Technical Indicators and Impact on the Wheat Crop Production in Iraq

Abstract Increase of the number of tractors and harvesters working in agriculture improves significantly the number of agricultural land operations, harvest efficiency and eliminates primitive farming methods. The production expansion is either horizontal through exploitation and reclamation of more areas or vertical such as introduction of technological variables in the same unit area. The current study aims to investigate the gap of the ratio of the number of tractors and harvesters to the agricultural area, its technical indicators and its impact on the wheat crop production. Data were obtained from agricultural departments and divisions of the Salah al-Din Agriculture Directorate to calculate some of the indicators of the technological and technical evaluation. Tables were prepared with the numbers of tractors and agricultural harvesters that cover the cultivation and harvest campaign. Their horsepower was proven and then converted to the kilowatt unit, as well as the agricultural areas within the agricultural plan that is implemented by the Directorate for four seasons. The surplus power of agricultural tractors contributed to the increase in the executed agricultural areas and requirements of agricultural operations such as tillage, harrows, and leveling contrary to agricultural harvesters, in which case there was a gap in the decrease of the number of agricultural combines in relation to the implemented agricultural plan, which, as a result, may cause a loss in wheat crop harvesting on the specified date. The mechanical harvest contributed to the increase in the grain received from the wheat by the grain trading company in the province, which brings economic returns to the farmer.

Evaluation of energy-economic parameters of tractor with electrically driven power unit

The development of agro-industrial complex in modern conditionsneeds a large share of low traction class tractors. Manufacturers in their turn strive to fill the market with tractors with good consumer properties. The use of electric drive on tractors is a relatively new trend with many unresolved issues in various areasof this subject. In this paper the questions on prospects of using electric motors as a drive of tractor power unit are touched upon. Energy equipment and general preparedness for transition of tractors to such systems are considered. The question of comparison of basic parameters of electric and diesel engines, consisting in one power category, is considered. The methodology of estimation of energy-economic characteristics of a tractor with electric drive power unit in relation to a conventional tractor with dieselengine and argumentation of the given parameters are given. The usefulnessof the introduced index is shown, as well as the necessity of its use in order to evaluate the efficiency of engines of different types in a comparative analysis. This paper will be useful in the engineering and design field of knowledge related to the design and development of electric drive technologies for mobile machines.

Search for reserves to improve the efficiency of forest soil preparation technology and land clearing during reforestation by reducing the energy intensity of the process

The intensive development of forest areas in the Russian Federation leads to the need for a significant amount of work related to reforestation. High-quality soil preparation is the key to successful survival of forest planting material of economically valuable species. Traditional technologies of forest soil preparation by dump plowing are outdated today and do not allow to radically increase the level of labor productivity. In the work, calculations were made of the power costs required for soil preparation in the process of mineralization by a forest plow of the PLP-70 type. It has been established that a standard tractor of the Onezhets-300 series, when moving with a plow in a cutting area with simultaneous cutting of shrubs and small forests, allows for confident processing at a speed of no more than 0.3 m/s. This ensures productivity up to 1.5 hectares per shift. To ensure the growth of shift output up to 3.5...4 ha per shift, the required tractor power is at least 250 kW. Domestic serial forestry tractors cannot provide productivity growth, since they have an internal combustion engine power less than required.

Study on the parameters of bars of the potato digger ploughshare

Currently, potato diggers used in agricultural production in Uzbekistan have a number serious drawbacks. In particular, they have a high material and energy capacity, and their use in small farms and personal subsidiary farms is considered less effective. The purpose study is to substantiate the parameters vibrating rods potato digger ploughshare. The authors proposed a potato digger with lattice ploughshares equipped with vibrating rods. Swinging rods are attached to the main ploughshares, the oscillation which is carried out from the tractor power take-off shaft. A diagram a ploughshare with vibrating rods and a mechanism for transmitting motion is given. The laws theoretical mechanics are used in the research. In the experiments, losses and damage to potatoes, as well as traction resistance, were taken as a criterion for evaluating the performance potato digger. As a result theoretical studies carried out, analytical dependencies and mathematical models were obtained that allow determining the parameters rods. It is proved that the length bars the potato digger ploughshare should be 25 cm, the number bars is 14 pieces, the distance between the bars is 3 cm, the diameter the bars is 1 cm.