Toyohashi City Research Articles

Fukushimura Brain Bank ‐Nursing home based brainbank project in Japan‐

AbstractBackgroundThe Fukushimura (welfare village), located in Toyohashi city, Japan, is a unique complex of various nursing home facilities including dementia homes, Day‐care houses, homes for disabled and mentally retarded, and the Fukushimura Hospital. This village is totally managed by private sector, the Sawarabi Medical Cooperative. About 800 elderly people reside in this area. The hospital plays a pivotal role within the village and acts as the central facility for each nursing homes.Fukushimura BrainBank (FBB) was established in 1990. The neuropathological investigation of FBB was initially conducted by Kenji Kosaka, who reported cortical Lewy bodies first. Our research institute was approved in 2004 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, as one of the non‐governmental institutes which is permitted to apply for governmental grants.MethodAll the medical records and radiological images from the nursing home to hospital are stored in the research institute and accessible for the researchers to evaluate the psychological symptoms observed by carers in the long duration of the disease. The brain MRI of 1.5 Tesla was used for evaluating 3D‐volumetric T1WI and diffusion tensor imaging.For collecting CNS specimens, the brains are separated into two hemispheres, one for neuropathological analyses with using several antibodies for beta‐amyloid, phosphorylated tau, alpha‐ synuclein, and TDP‐43. Modified gallyas‐silver staining is applied for evaluating argyrophilic grain disease. The other hemispheres are stored for frozen sections. Retinal tissue is collected with optional consent.ResultThe number of autopsy became over 30 cases per year. Most of the patients had dementia. Of note, geriatric residents with mentally retardation or cerebral palsy from childhood were included. At the end of 2022, more than 800 of frozen brains with detailed medical record are stored in FBB and readily available for research. The neuropathology database share the same coding system for Japanese Brain Bank Network for Neuroscience Research (JBBNNR).ConclusionThe challenge of FBB will play a unique and important role to clarify cliniconeuropathological correlation of the nursing home residential with various geriatric conditions with 3D(Disability, Dementia, and Developmental disorders).

Fukushimura Brain Bank ‐Nursing home based brainbank project in Japan‐

AbstractBackgroundThe Fukushimura (welfare village), located in Toyohashi city, Japan, is a unique complex of various nursing home facilities including dementia homes, Day‐care houses, homes for disabled and mentally retarded, and the Fukushimura Hospital. This village is totally managed by private sector, the Sawarabi Medical Cooperative. About 800 elderly people reside in this area. The hospital plays a pivotal role within the village and acts as the central facility for each nursing homes.Fukushimura BrainBank (FBB) was established in 1990. The neuropathological investigation of FBB was initially conducted by Kenji Kosaka, who initially reported cortical Lewy bodies. Our research institute was approved in 2004 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, as one of the non‐governmental institutes which is permitted to apply for governmental grants.MethodClinical information and neuroimaging analyses has been described in daily practice. For banking CNS specimens, the brains are separated into two hemispheres, one for neuropathological analyses with using several antibodies for beta‐amyloid, phosphorylated tau, alpha‐synuclein, and TDP‐43. Modified gallyas‐silver staining is applied for evaluating argyrophilic grain disease. The other hemispheres are stored for frozen sections. All the medical records and radiological images from the nursing home to hospital are stored in the research institute, which make it possible for the researchers to access the psychological symptoms observed by carers in the long duration of the disease.ResultThe number of autopsy became over 35 cases per year. Most of the patients had dementia or chronic devastating cerebrovascular diseases. Of note, geriatric residents with mentally retardation or cerebral palsy from childhood were included. At the end of 2021, more than 800 of frozen brains with detailed medical record are stored in FBB and readily available for research. The neuropathology database share the same coding system for Japanese Brain Bank Network for Neuroscience Research (JBBNNR). We already have over 20 collaborators and supply our samples for more than 30 research institutes in Japan.ConclusionThe challenge of FBB will play a unique and important role to clarify cliniconeuropathological correlation of the nursing home residential with various geriatric conditions with 3D(Disability, Dementia, and Developmental disorders).

Statistical analysis of cloud layers and solar irradiations for all seasons in Toyohashi city, Japan

Several solar irradiation forecasting methods are being developed toward economically efficient solar power generation. Among these, the method that utilizes all sky imagers to estimate the direction of cloud movement above certain observation points is able to forecast fluctuations in solar irradiation with localized temporal resolution (∼30 min) through observation of shadows cast by clouds. The one-layered cloud is usually assumed in forecasting the direction of cloud movement. However, in reality, multilayered clouds may move in different directions in the sky. While such multilayered clouds may have effect on forecast accuracy, the extent to which multilayered clouds affect the solar irradiation and the generated solar power has never been reported. Therefore, the purposes of this study are (1) to give the dataset to know the effect of multilayered clouds and (2) to decide whether the multilayered clouds have to be considered in forecasting of solar irradiation. We analyzed the number of cloud layers and their effect on the solar irradiation, the generated solar power, and the clearness index through statistical analysis for all seasons in Toyohashi city, Japan. The dataset used to analysis includes data with 4381 h. The analytical results show that multilayered clouds were observed for ∼40% of the daytime duration even in winter. In addition, the results show that multilayered clouds were observed even when the solar irradiation, the generated solar power, and the clearness index were high, which suggests that the effect of multilayered clouds must be considered. In addition, it will be shown that the maximum number of cloud layers to be considered is 3 from statistical analysis.

Social media usage by restaurants in Toyohashi City

Social media usage by restaurants in Toyohashi City

Impact of Traffic Park Use Experience on Children's Perception of Traffic Rules: A Case Study for Toyohashi City Traffic Park

Impact of Traffic Park Use Experience on Children's Perception of Traffic Rules: A Case Study for Toyohashi City Traffic Park

A Method for Locational Risk Estimation of Vehicle-Children Accidents Considering Children's Travel Purposes.

The reduction in locational traffic accident risks through appropriate traffic safety management is important to support, maintain, and improve children's safe and independent mobility. This study proposes and verifies a method to evaluate the risk of elementary school students-vehicle accidents (ESSVAs) at individual intersections on residential roads in Toyohashi city, Japan, considering the difference in travel purposes (i.e., school commuting purpose; SCP or non-school commuting purpose: NSCP), based on a statistical regression model and Empirical Bayes (EB) estimation. The results showed that the ESSVA risk of children's travel in SCP is lower than that in NSCP, and not only ESSVAs in SCP but also most ESSVAs in NSCP occurred on or near the designated school routes. Therefore, it would make sense to implement traffic safety management and measures focusing on school routes. It was also found that the locational ESSVA risk structure is different depending on whether the purpose of the children's travels is SCP or NSCP in the statistical model. Finally, it was suggested that evaluation of locational ESSVA risks based on the EB estimation is useful for efficiently extracting locations where traffic safety measures should be implemented compared to that only based on the number of accidents in the past.

Risk Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Accidents at Intersections in Toyohashi City Using Empirical Bayes Method

Risk Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Accidents at Intersections in Toyohashi City Using Empirical Bayes Method

Fukushimura BrainBank Project, Japan.

The Fukushimura(welfare village), located in Toyohashi city, Japan, is a unique complex of various nursing home facilities including dementia homes, Day-care houses, homes for disabled and mentally retarded, and the Fukushimura Hospital. This village is totally managed by private sector, the Sawarabi Medical Cooperative. About 800 elderly people reside in this area. The hospital plays a pivotal role within the village and acts as the central facility for each nursing homes. About 30 autopsies were conducted in a year. Most of the patients had dementia or chronic devastating cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, geriatric residents with mentally retarted patients from their childhood were included. Because the brain banking in Japan is legally based on autopsy, Fukusimura BrainBank was established in the hospital from 1990. Our research institute was approved in 2004 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, as one of the non-govermental institutes which is permitted to apply for governmental grants. For collecting samples, the brains are separated into two hemispheres, one for neuropathological analyses by using several antibodies for beta-amyloid, phosphorylated tau, alpha-synuclein, and TDP- 43. Modified gallyas-silver staining was applied for evaluating argyrophilic grain disease. The neuropathological investigation was initially conducted by Kenji Kosaka, the founder of cortical Lewy bodies. The other hemispheres are stored for frozen sections. Other organs including retina has been collected. All the medical records and radiological images from the nursing home to hospital periods are stored in the research institute, which make it possible for the researchers to access the psychological symptoms in the long duration of the disease. The database share the same coding system for Japanese Brain Bank Network for Neuroscience Research (JBBNNR). At the end of 2020, more than 776 cases of frozen brains are stored in FBB. We already have over 20 collaborators and supply our samples for more than 30 research institutes in Japan. FBB plays a unique and important role for the people with nursing home residentials in Japan.

A Survey on Composition of Shopping Street and Attitudes toward Community Development in Toyohashi City Center

A Survey on Composition of Shopping Street and Attitudes toward Community Development in Toyohashi City Center

A study on spatial changes in the central part of Toyohashi city in the 2010s

A study on spatial changes in the central part of Toyohashi city in the 2010s

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SUBSIDY POLICIES TO ELECTRIC VEHICLE SOCIETY IN TOYOHASHI CITY IN JAPAN — A CGE-MODELING APPROACH

In this paper, we explore the economic impact of promotion and realization of an electric vehicle society (EVS). More concretely, this paper emphasizes a computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling approach to evaluate the following issues: economic impacts of subsidies for promotion of an EVS, the possibility of price reductions, industrial structure change toward an EVS, and modal shift occurring toward an EVS. Our simulation results demonstrate that after applying 5–25% up subsidies to five industries, such as electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing, EV transport, solar power, cogeneration and other transport, the total industrial output and city GDP increase. A large growth rate is found in industries where subsidies are introduced alone with non-ferrous metal industry. However, it is interesting that decreasing proportions are found in oil and coal product, mining, heat supply and gasoline vehicle (GV) transport industries. Moreover, all the commodity prices decrease since subsidies are given to some industries. Hence Toyohashi City’s economy shows a direction where the demand for conventional vehicles and energy use are decreased, conversely, the demand for EVs and renewable energy are increased illustrating a different life style from the current one. However, it does not mean that the total CO2 emission is decreased. EV society makes some industrial outputs larger. Due to the fact that some industrial outputs are increased, CO2 emissions of EV manufacturing and nonferrous metal are increased more than decreased industries. Thus, introducing 5–25% subsidies to EV manufacturing, EV transport, solar power, cogeneration and other transport can really represent a realistic alternative society to EVS if the total CO2 emission can be reduced. Therefore, we have to think what can make the total CO2 emission reduced.

Toyohashi City Biomass Plant Start-up and Operation Method

Toyohashi City Biomass Plant Start-up and Operation Method

Development of the population distribution estimation method in a city to examine the measures to attract residence based on the location optimization plan and a case study for Toyohashi city, Japan

Development of the population distribution estimation method in a city to examine the measures to attract residence based on the location optimization plan and a case study for Toyohashi city, Japan

都市資源と地域の取り組みからみた災害時自活力の評価

The aim of this study is to evaluate ‘regional self-life ability’ from the view point of city resources and regional activities in elementary school districts of Toyohashi city. On this research, ability to management shelters without support from others at the time of disaster is defined ‘regional self-life ability’. The former, Sendai city Miyagi pref. and Toyohashi city Aichi pref. was refered as cases for site survey. As a result, actually almost all city resources are not engaged to regional activities in an elementary school district. It’s important to effectively use city resources other than those specified shelter like schools at the time of disaster. It’s considered that regional self-life ability is advanced by management plan and regional activities considering land conditions of the region and city resources.

愛知県におけるツゲノメイガおよびハスモンヨトウの薬剤感受性の差異

Box-tree pyralid, Glyphodes perspectalis(Walker), is one of the serious lepidopterous insect pests of box trees. In late April 2014, this insect pest occurred and heavily injured the box trees in our center, which is located at Toyohashi city in Aichi Prefecture. Therefore, the susceptibility of G. perspectalis to 18 insecticides was evaluated by the leaf-dipping method. Of the 18 insecticides tested, 14 gave 100% mortality at their respective commercially used concentrations. In particular, fipronil, spinosad, and spinetoram exhibited very high insecticidal activity. In addition, PAP, thiodicarb, flubendiamide, metaflumizone, and pyridalyl exhibited high insecticidal activity. Comparison of the insecticidal susceptibility of G. perspectalis with that of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), showed that G. perspectalis was more susceptible than S. litura except against lufenuron. These results indicate that G. perspectalis can be easily controlled by using insecticides effective against S. litura.

A Perspective for New Machizukuri Activity in Shopping District of Local City Center A Case Study of Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture

A Perspective for New Machizukuri Activity in Shopping District of Local City Center A Case Study of Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture

A GIS-based Support Tool for Exploring Land Use Policy Considering Future Depopulation and Urban Vulnerability to Natural Disasters – A Case Study of Toyohashi City, Japan -

In Japan, where the aging society is progressing due to depopulation and a high risk of natural disasters, such as earthquakes and floods, many actual urban master plans (MPs) do not consider the relation between countermeasures for future depopulation and disaster mitigation. Local governments do not regard long-term depopulation as a viable opportunity to establish land use policy that promotes reasonable land use by aggregating urban land use to areas with low risk.This paper proposes the development of a tool for the exploration of land use policy that realizes an intensive urban structure by considering future depopulation and urban vulnerability to natural disasters. The tool serves as a GIS-based database of information about disaster risk for floods and earthquakes, future populations, previous and existing urban land use conditions, urban structures. The following results are obtained from a case study. First, experts such as local government can distinguish areas with high risk by two types of areas: 1) areas characterized by a slow progression of depopulation and aging and 2) areas in which it is difficult to sustain the local community and provide public services due to the progression of depopulation and aging. The results of this study can confirm various data on urban structures, such as transportation infrastructure, and core urban areas that provide life services and land use history. Reasonable land use countermeasures for reducing disaster risk can be explored by considering previous and existing conditions of urban land use.

Radionuclide Analysis on Bamboos following the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

In response to contamination from the recent Fukushima nuclear accident, we conducted radionuclide analysis on bamboos sampled from six sites within a 25 to 980 km radius of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Maximum activity concentrations of radiocesium 134Cs and 137Cs in samples from Fukushima city, 65 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi plant, were in excess of 71 and 79 kBq/kg, dry weight (DW), respectively. In Kashiwa city, 195 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi, the sample concentrations were in excess of 3.4 and 4.3 kBq/kg DW, respectively. In Toyohashi city, 440 km away from the Fukushima Daiichi, the concentrations were below the measurable limits of up to 4.5 Bq/kg DW. In the radiocesium contaminated samples, the radiocesium activity was higher in mature and fallen leaves than in young leaves, branches and culms.

Economic Impacts of an Electric Vehicle Society in Toyohashi City, Japan-A CGE Modelling Approach

In this paper we explore economic impact of promotion and realization of an electric vehicle society (EVS). More concretely, this paper emphasizes on a CGE -modelling approach to evaluate the following issues: entire economic impacts of subsidies for promotion of an EVS, the possibility of carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and prices reduction, industrial structure change towards an EVS, and model shift occurs towards an EVS. Our simulation results demonstrate that after applying 20% subsidies to five industries, such as electric vehicles (EVs) manufacturing and transhipment, solar, cogeneration, and other transhipment the total industrial output and city GDP increase. A large growth rate is found in industries where subsidies are introduced alone with non -ferrous metal industry. However, it is motivating that decreasing proportions are found in oil, coal product, mining, heat supply and gasoline vehicles (GVs) transhipment industries. Moreover, all the commodity prices decrease though in industries where subsidies are presented prices shrink appreciably. Hence, Toyohashi City's economy shows a direction where the demand for conventional vehicles and energy use are decre ased, conversely, the demand for EVs and renewable energy are increased that displays different lifestyles from the current. Thus, introducing 20% subsidies to EVs manufacturing and transhipment, solar, cogeneration, and other transhipment can really represent a realistic alternative society to EVS, both in terms of economic development and CO 2 emissions reduction. In this study therefore it is clear that model shift occurs to EVS, and thus we suggest for promotion of new industrial structure to introduce an EVS in Toyohashi city, Japan. The proposed model even can be expanded to the other cities in Japan and other countries in the world which are similar to this area.

Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese : Based on the Data of a Health Examination Held in Toyohashi City, Aichi

Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese : Based on the Data of a Health Examination Held in Toyohashi City, Aichi