Church In Town Research Articles

A Cry at Daybreak: Death, Disease, and Defence of Community in a Highland Ixil-Mayan Village

In I795, during a typhus plague in Santa Maria Nebaj, a group of IxilMaya women seized the town church and held hostage the parish priest, a Spanish doctor sent to treat the sick, and his assistants. The confrontation was provoked when the Spaniards insisted that the dead would no longer be allowed to be buried within the church walls. The event provides a context for exploring the role of women as guardians of custom, especially social rituals regarding death. As the sun crept over the eastern crest of the Cuchumatain mountains on the morning of i January I798, illuminating the slumbering pueblo of Santa Maria Nebaj and the chalk-white face of the church in the valley below, the screams of an Jxil-Mayan woman shattered the predawn calm.' Proclaiming that with the song of the first rooster she had heard the voice of her dead child echoing from the grave, Ana Ramirez jolted the folk of Nebaj from their straw pallets, initiating a series of events that spurred her fellow Nebajefios, led by a group of Jxil-Mayan women of the town, to seize the church and to hold the agents of Spanish colonial authority hostage for three days in an attempt to return the village to the path of the ancients. Ramirez's child had perished from typhus less than twenty-four hours prior, and the forlorn mother had spent the night in vigil beside the little girl's grave in an effort to follow, as best she could, Mayan ritual. A Spanish medical team, ordered by the colonial administration to carry out a cure for the epidemic ravaging the highlands, had decreed that the dead should be buried with all due haste to thwart the spread of the disease. Plague had infested the highlands of Guatemala since even before the arrival in I524 of Pedro de Alvarado and his invading force. According to Ethnohistory 4z:4 (fall I995). Copyright ? by the American Society for Ethnohistory. ccc 0OI4-i80i/95/$I.50. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.249 on Wed, 03 Aug 2016 05:10:05 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

The Lock Hospital Chapel and its Music

It has been generally recognized that the music of the Lock Hospital chapel was an important new influence in English and American church music during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The chapel attracted fashionable congregations and thereby disseminated an elegant, theatrical type of hymnody that was far removed from the norms of church music, whether in cathedral, town church, village parish or dissenting meeting-house. Many hymn tunes first used at the Lock Hospital became enormously popular; some still remain in common use; and their style became the model for a ‘school’ of hymn tunes that remained in vogue for several decades.

Gender, Judgment, and Presumptuous Readers: The Role of Daniel in The Portrait of a Lady

Gender, Judgment, and Presumptuous Readers: The Role of Daniel in The Portrait of a Lady by Sharon Baris, Bar-Ilan University, Israel When James declares in his Preface to The Portrait of a Lady that he intends to organize "an ado" about Isabel and goes on to suggest in the next paragraph that among her literary precursors Portia in The Merchant of Venice is the "very type and model of the young person intelligent and presumptuous" (PL 9), he combines two Shakespeare references to focus upon a central crisis of gender and judgment in his novel, one that considers the way that Portia, the heroines of Much Ado About Nothing, and Isabel all "matter."1 In James's novel, as in his Shakespeare references, a vexing problem of "some strange misprision in the princes" (Much Ado IVi.186) afflicts young women, as they are valued by the roU of some "false dice" in the games played according to the governing cultural assumptions at the courts or in the secluded gardens of their world. One remedy in Much Ado might be, as Beatrice wails, a corrective gender switch ("O God that I were a man!" [IV.i.308]) that would allow her and her counterpart heroine to fulfill the powerful implications of the name Hero, even as in The Merchant of Venice Portia literally dons a judge's robes in order to become, as an amazed Shylock declares, "A Daniel come to judgment!" (IV.i.223).2 Given Isabel's Shakespearean and other precursors highlighted in the Preface to The Portrait, it is thus possible to sec how James would present his frail vessel as a woman similarly beset by strange misprision, and she, too, must work to usurp the role of judge in the world of Gardencourt that she now enters.3 What is more intriguing, I believe, is the way that the biblical or apocryphal Daniel, that young stranger who traditionally then becomes celebrated for his deciphering and judging abilities, is in these three works directly or indirectly invoked if only to be subverted." The young women in Shakespeare and James refuse to be placed in question; they attempt, rather, to alter patterns of genderdefined action, to remake tradition, and to create a fresh interpretive model by taking up the role of Daniel for themselves. It may be that when James added his Preface to The Portrait years after its completion, he chose these specific Shakespeare references to reinforce the The Henry James Review 12 (1991): 212-30 © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University Press The Role of Daniel in The Portrait of a Lady 213 echoes of a scriptural, judging figure so as to emphasize the complications of interpretation both for Isabel herself and for those who evaluate her.5 The scene James establishes in his preface for "placing his treasure right" introduces his own theories about Isabel's "particular value" in a manner strongly reminiscent of the discussion of Claudio and Benedict concerning a woman as a "jewel" and the "case to put it into" (Li. 188) in the opening moments of Much Ado, or of the beginning of The Merchant when Bassanio talks about Portia, who is, he declares, "nothing undervalue'd" (Li.168). These similarities between James and Shakespeare not only focus upon the problem of what Benedict caUs "my simple true judgment" (Much Ado I.i.173), but also more specifically make room in each instance for an interpretive Daniel, whether drawn from the biblical stories of interpretation and prophecy or from the apocryphal judging Daniel of "Susannah and the Elders."6 For it is possible to argue that the essential plot outline of Much Ado, with its tale of slander in an orchard and its paired accusing men, recaUs Susannah and the Elders, her threat of attack in the garden, and her incrimination thereafter in public court. In Shakespeare's play, too, a woman's fate is determined in garden and court, as "Lady Hero" (Much Ado III.iii.153), falsely placed under suspicion in a scene of eavesdropping in a garden, later faces accusations in the town church when charged with unfaithfulness that may "blot that name [Hero]" (IV.i.81). The...

Book Review: The Small Town Church

Book Review: The Small Town Church

The Church in Town and Countryside. Edited by Derek Baker. (Papers read at the seventeenth summer meeting and the eighteenth winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society.) Pp. xvi + 486. Basil Blackwell (for the Ecclesiastical History Society), 1979. £15.

The Church in Town and Countryside. Edited by Derek Baker. (Papers read at the seventeenth summer meeting and the eighteenth winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society.) Pp. xvi + 486. Basil Blackwell (for the Ecclesiastical History Society), 1979. £15.

Derek Baker (ed.), The Church in Town and Countryside: Papers Read at the Seventeenth Summer Meeting and the Eighteenth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. (Studies in Church History, vol. 16) Oxford: Blackwell, 1979. 486 pp. No price given.

Derek Baker (ed.), The Church in Town and Countryside: Papers Read at the Seventeenth Summer Meeting and the Eighteenth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. (Studies in Church History, vol. 16) Oxford: Blackwell, 1979. 486 pp. No price given.

The church in town and countryside. Papers read at the 17th summer meeting and the 18th winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society, edited by DEREK BAKER (Studies in Church History 16), Oxford (Blackwell) 1979. 486 p.; £15.00

The church in town and countryside. Papers read at the 17th summer meeting and the 18th winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society, edited by DEREK BAKER (Studies in Church History 16), Oxford (Blackwell) 1979. 486 p.; £15.00

REVIEWS

REVIEWS The Church in Town and Countryside. Edited by D. BAKER. Pp. xvi+486. (Studies in Church History, vol. 16.) Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1979. £15. PETER HINCHLIFF PETER HINCHLIFF Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume XXXII, Issue 1, April 1981, Pages 308–310, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/XXXII.1.308 Published: 01 April 1981

PROLEGOMENA TO A HISTORY OF THE TABULATUR OF THE GERMAN MEISTERSINGER FROM ITS 15TH CENTURY METAPOETIC ANTECEDENTS TO ITS TREATMENT IN RICHARD WAGNER’S OPERA

THE societies of Meistersinger, the Meistersingergesellschaften, appear in most cases to have been administered by means of two sets of rules. One set was called the Schulordnung. It was used both to control the organisation of the Singschulen, i.e. the religious 'concerts' put on by the Meistersinger in one of the town churches on a Sunday afternoon, and for the general administration of the society's affairs and the maintenance of discipline among its members. Because it was responsible for the maintenance of good order and for controlling the society's financial affairs-the setting of membership fees and admission fees to the Singschulen, for.instance -it had to be submitted to and approved by the town council, so that it had legal status, rather as the comparable codes of rules in the trade guilds did. The Tabulatur, on the other hand, usually contained only rules about how a Meisterlied was to be composed and performed and was expressed in negative rather than positive terms. That is to say, it specified inter alia what kinds of rhymes were not acceptable and the things a singer must not do while performing, e.g. repeat himself, pitch his voice too high or too low, pause at the wrong place, alter the original melody or stanzaic form, and so forth. There were usually two, three or four Merker elected annually by each society to administer both codes of rules and to act as intermediaries between the society and the civil authorities. With respect to the Tabulatur their function was much the same as Richard Wagner depicts it in his opera Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg: they sat in a curtained off area, the Gemerk, where they could not be seen for reasons of fairness, and checked the song being sung for errors, and these were often in fact cheeked off with a piece of chalk. Where there were four Merker, they normally divided up the task of checking as follows: one was responsible

The Church in Town and Countryside. Edited by Derek Baker. Oxford, Blackwell1979. Pp. 486. No price given.

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Charles the Bald and the Church in Town and Countryside

‘The church in town and countryside’ is a fruitful theme. But for early medievalists it is an especially challenging one. We first have to establish our right to participate at all. There is a classic tradition of interpreting western history, and the history of western Christianity too, in terms of an opposition between town and countryside: but according to exponents of this tradition, from Marx and Engels through Weber and Troeltsch to some contemporary historians, the early middle ages present a dull, townless void between antiquity and the eleventh or twelfth century. We have to begin then, by affirming that there were towns in the early middle ages. To justify this, we must do more than point out continuity in the terminology used by late classical and early medieval writers. We need to show that places existed which functioned as towns. Biddle has given a useful archaeologist’s list of functional criteria: defences, a planned street-system, a market, a mint, legal autonomy, a role as a central place, a relatively large and dense population, a diversified economic base, plots and houses of ‘urban’ type, social differentiation, complex religious organisation, a judicial centre.

Country Bishops in Byzantine Africa (Presidential Address)

Town and countryside are contrasting, even opposed ideas: one of those doublets which have dominated European thought since antiquity. Our vocabulary of ‘politics’ and ‘civilization’ bears ample testimony to the deep hold that the prejudices of the townsmen of antiquity have established over our language and our thinking. Sometimes, even in antiquity, those prejudices would be turned on their head: the town, the exclusive milieu of culture, refinement and rational human behaviour, could become, as for instance in the eyes of a Jewish rabbi of the third century the seat of iniquity, set up to extort and to oppress. Whatever the attitude one took to the town, the dichotomy of town and countryside became almost a category in the Kantian sense in terms of which modern Europeans have come to perceive the world around them. With Max Weber it became a fundamental category of sociological understanding, with Rostovtzeff of historical analysis, especially of the ancient world in its decline; and in the hands of William Frend—the Rostovtzeff of ecclesiastical history—it showed its power to illuminate, even to transform, the study of ancient heresy and schism. ‘The church in town and countryside’ might be thought to extend the franchise of a notion which has already had too wide and at times, as some would have it, perhaps even a baleful, influence. But both the value of the notion of town and country as an interpretative tool for the ecclesiastical historian, and its limitations, its liability to obscure and to distort, will, I hope, become clearer in the course of discussion.

The Stabilization Of The Gothic Roof BearingStructure Of The Frauenkirche In MeiBen WithCFRP-tension

The historic, especially valuable gothic roof bearing structure of the Frauenkirche in MeiBen has been stabilized by the building in of Carbon fibre reinforced plastics loops (CFRP) and therefore further deformation and damage to the whole church construction has been limited. Commencing from an analysis of the existing state, different versions for the stiffening of a historical bearing structure were simulated. Figure 1: Longitudinal section of the gothic church with baroque tower curia [1] Transactions on the Built Environment vol 39 © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509 580 Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Historical Buildings 1 The Frauenkirche of the City of Meifien The Frauenkirche in the market square has been dominating the city centre of the more than 1000 years old town MeiBen. Therefore the reconstruction of this church has become of great importance during the complex town redevelopment. The Frauenkirche in its present form was built as a town church in the early 15th century. It was first mentioned in 1205. The roof truss was added to the churches aisle in about 1447 according to dendrochronological examinations. The church in its form and construction is a typical example of gothic style architecture within Saxony. Figure 2: Cross-section with principal rafter A5 [1] Transactions on the Built Environment vol 39 © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509

THE TOWN AND COUNTRY CHURCH: VALID, VITAL, VICTORIOUS

International Review of MissionVolume 58, Issue 230 p. 165-171 THE TOWN AND COUNTRY CHURCH: VALID, VITAL, VICTORIOUS Paul O. Madsen, Dr Madsen is Associate Executive Secretary, American Baptist Home Mission Societies. This article has been adapted from his address delivered at the Town and Country Breakfast, The American Baptist Convention, at Boston, Mass., on June 1, 1968.Search for more papers by this author Paul O. Madsen, Dr Madsen is Associate Executive Secretary, American Baptist Home Mission Societies. This article has been adapted from his address delivered at the Town and Country Breakfast, The American Baptist Convention, at Boston, Mass., on June 1, 1968.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1969 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-6631.1969.tb03464.x AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume58, Issue230April 1969Pages 165-171 RelatedInformation

A plea for help in the town and country church

A plea for help in the town and country church

Town and Country Churches and Family Farming

Town and Country Churches and Family Farming

Boston before Bulfinch: Harrison's King's Chapel

Research Article| March 01 1954 Boston before Bulfinch: Harrison's King's Chapel Priscilla Metcalf Priscilla Metcalf Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (1954) 13 (1): 11–14. https://doi.org/10.2307/987555 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Priscilla Metcalf; Boston before Bulfinch: Harrison's King's Chapel. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 1 March 1954; 13 (1): 11–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/987555 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentJournal of the Society of Architectural Historians Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review: The Small Town and Country Church

Book Review: The Small Town and Country Church

Laocoon and Punchinello

GIAN DOMENICO TIEPOLO was forty-three when his father suddenly died at Madrid in 1770. The last eight years of Domenico's life had been typical. With his brother Lorenzo he had helped Giambattista in the vast ceilings of the Royal Palace and the seven projects for the high altar of San Pascual in Aranjuez. Where Giambattista worked, Domenico was at his side. The father's genius lay as much in organization as in design. Drawings, sketches, ideas flowed from him. Assistants sprang to scaffolds, ready to transfer cartoons, lay in the preparations, paint minor angels and simulate arches of triumph, while the master with amazing haste, threw a cloud of goddesses whirling into space. Domenico was the chief lieutenant. And in the great commissions he had his own walls; not the enormous vaults but the less important overdoors at Wurzburg or the dome of the Queen's Antechamber in Madrid. If some church in a small town in the Veneto wanted a Tiepolo and wouldn't pay the price, Domenico obliged: A Tiepolo for the po...

The Springfield Church Survey.H. Paul DouglassThe Town and Country Church in the United States.H. N. Morse , Edmund DeS. BrunnerThe Social Survey in Town and Country Areas.H. N. MorseSurveying Your Community: A Report of Methods for the Rural Church.Edmund DeS. Brunner

<i>The Springfield Church Survey.</i>H. Paul Douglass<i>The Town and Country Church in the United States.</i>H. N. Morse , Edmund DeS. Brunner<i>The Social Survey in Town and Country Areas.</i>H. N. Morse<i>Surveying Your Community: A Report of Methods for the Rural Church.</i>Edmund DeS. Brunner