Control Tower Research Articles

Protocol for the Effectiveness of an Anesthesiology Control Tower System in Improving Perioperative Quality Metrics and Clinical Outcomes: the TECTONICS randomized, pragmatic trial

Introduction: Perioperative morbidity is a public health priority, and surgical volume is increasing rapidly. With advances in technology, there is an opportunity to research the utility of a telemedicine-based control center for anesthesia clinicians that assess risk, diagnoses negative patient trajectories, and implements evidence-based practices. Objectives: The primary objective of this trial is to determine whether an anesthesiology control tower (ACT) prevents clinically relevant adverse postoperative outcomes including 30-day mortality, delirium, respiratory failure, and acute kidney injury. Secondary objectives are to determine whether the ACT improves perioperative quality of care metrics including management of temperature, mean arterial pressure, mean airway pressure with mechanical ventilation, blood glucose, anesthetic concentration, antibiotic redosing, and efficient fresh gas flow. Methods and analysis: We are conducting a single center, randomized, controlled, phase 3 pragmatic clinical trial. A total of 58 operating rooms are randomized daily to receive support from the ACT or not. All adults (eighteen years and older) undergoing surgical procedures in these operating rooms are included and followed until 30 days after their surgery. Clinicians in operating rooms randomized to ACT support receive decision support from clinicians in the ACT. In operating rooms randomized to no intervention, the current standard of anesthesia care is delivered. The intention-to-treat principle will be followed for all analyses. Differences between groups will be presented with 99% confidence intervals; p-values <0.005 will be reported as providing compelling evidence, and p-values between 0.05 and 0.005 will be reported as providing suggestive evidence. Registration: TECTONICS is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03923699; registered on 23 April 2019.

A Qualitative Research on the Difficulties of Developmental Disabilities According to Life Cycle: Focusing on the Experience of the Main Caregivers(Parents)

본 연구는 생애주기별 접근을 강조하는 시대적 패러다임에 맞춰 발달장애인(지적장애 및 자폐성장애인)의 생애주기 과정(영유아기, 학령기, 성인기)에서 나타나는 어려움을 발달장애인의 주 돌봄자인 부모의 경험을 중심으로 파악하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 생애주기별로 상이한 어려움도 있지만 영유아기 때부터 해결되지 않은 어려움은 성인기 때까지 연속적으로 나타나고 있었다. 공통적인 어려움으로는 장애 조기발견의 지연, 공식적 진단 및 통합적 개입체계의 부재, 신뢰할 수 있는 정보의 부족, 이용할 시설의 부족 등으로 나타났다. 그리하여 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 제언으로 발달장애인의 생애주기별 통합적 정보 제공을 위한 공식적 조직체계 구축, 장애 조기발견 및 조기개입 관련 컨트롤타워 구축, 발달장애인의 생애주기별 맞춤형 서비스 확대, 개인별 평생설계 확대, 비장애 형제 자매를 위한 지원 확대, 전문 인력(교사 등)의 전문성 향상, 부모 및 가족의 심리적 지원 및 체계 확대 등을 제안하였다.The purpose of this study was to identify the difficulties that occur in the life cycle of developmental disabilities in line with the paradigm that emphasizes the life-cycle approach. Through the Focus Group Interview, one of the qualitative approach methods, this study analyzed the main difficulties(early diagnosis and intervention) of life stage recognized by the main caregivers of the developmental disabilities by life cycle. As a result of the study, there were some difficulties in each life cycle, but the difficulties that were not solved from infancy were continuously shown until adulthood. n common, the delay of early detection and absence of formal entities in the course of early detection and diagnosis of disabilities, and the lack of reliable information provision, unified system, and facilities to be used in relation to intervention were derived. Therefore, the study proposed the establishment of an official organizational system for providing integrated information for each life cycle of people with developmental disabilities, the establishment of a control tower related to early detection and early intervention of disabilities, the expansion of customized services for each life cycle of people with developmental disabilities, the expansion of personal lifelong design, the expansion of support for non-disabled siblings, the improvement of professionalism of professional personnel (teachers, etc.), and the expansion of psychological support and system for parents and families.

Development of Disaster Safety Technologies Through Analysis of Safety Service Trends in Disaster Prevention

The objectives of this study are to identify the possibility of new, future, and complex disasters resulting from environmental changes and corresponding requirements through the analysis of technology trends and safety services for disaster prevention, and to provide the basic data for the development of safety service technologies for people's safety and security. The R&D trends related to disaster safety are technology developments related to 1) search for future and new disasters, 2) integrated management of disasters and safety technology standards, 3) national continuity of operation management for disaster prevention, 4) disaster response, relief, and recovery, and 5) safety and security of vulnerable population. A review of various international cases reveals that appropriate technology development and policy support are needed, and that the role of disaster safety control tower and disaster management institutions is important. Also, integrated safety management technologies for new and future disasters, and development of technologies for large-scale disasters are needed, as is development of technologies for protecting people, including those vulnerable to paralysis of national infrastructure facilities. Keywords: Disaster Prevention, Safety Service Technology, Control Tower, Disaster Management, New and Future Disasters

Protocol for the Effectiveness of an Anesthesiology Control Tower System in Improving Perioperative Quality Metrics and Clinical Outcomes: the TECTONICS randomized, pragmatic trial.

Introduction: Perioperative morbidity is a public health priority, and surgical volume is increasing rapidly. With advances in technology, there is an opportunity to research the utility of a telemedicine-based control center for anesthesia clinicians that assess risk, diagnoses negative patient trajectories, and implements evidence-based practices. Objectives: The primary objective of this trial is to determine whether an anesthesiology control tower (ACT) prevents clinically relevant adverse postoperative outcomes including 30-day mortality, delirium, respiratory failure, and acute kidney injury. Secondary objectives are to determine whether the ACT improves perioperative quality of care metrics including management of temperature, mean arterial pressure, mean airway pressure with mechanical ventilation, blood glucose, anesthetic concentration, antibiotic redosing, and efficient fresh gas flow. Methods and analysis: We are conducting a single center, randomized, controlled, phase 3 pragmatic clinical trial. A total of 58 operating rooms are randomized daily to receive support from the ACT or not. All adults (eighteen years and older) undergoing surgical procedures in these operating rooms are included and followed until 30 days after their surgery. Clinicians in operating rooms randomized to ACT support receive decision support from clinicians in the ACT. In operating rooms randomized to no intervention, the current standard of anesthesia care is delivered. The intention-to-treat principle will be followed for all analyses. Differences between groups will be presented with 99% confidence intervals; p-values <0.005 will be reported as providing compelling evidence, and p-values between 0.05 and 0.005 will be reported as providing suggestive evidence. Registration: TECTONICS is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03923699; registered on 23 April 2019.

COLABORATIVE BADAN PENAGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH KOTA DUMAI DALAM MENAGGULANGI KEBAKARAN LAHAN DI KOTA DUMAI

Forest and land fire control is generally carried out through efforts to prevent, extinguish, and handle post-fire carried out at the national level to the level of forest management unit. Fire prevention efforts are carried out through public awareness campaigns; improvement of prevention technology, such as warning and prevention of forest fires, such as reservoirs, green belts, control towers, and others; and software stabilization. The handling of land fire disasters is of particular concern by the central government and regional governments. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK), based on Landsat satellite imagery up to September 2019, forest and land fires reached 857,755 hectares. For mineral land 630,451 hectares, and 227,304 hectares of peatland. Dumai in 2019 experienced a land deed with a land area of ​​about 192.25 hectares with coverage of the nine river districts, West Dumai, south Dumai, Medangkampai, East Dumai and Bukir Kapur. report from the Dumai City Environment Agency Air Quality Index, Wednesday (18/9) at 07.00 at the level of 500 PSI (695 Pm10 / 698 Pm2.5), dangerous status. Dumai currently has 10 hotspots detected at the 70 percent confidence level, while at the 75 percent confidence level. In accordance with the mayor's regulation number 71 of 2016 concerning the position, organizational structure, duties and functions as well as the work procedures of the Dumai City Regional Disaster Management Agency article 7 point 2, the task of carrying out integrated disaster management includes: 1. Pre-disaster, 2. Emergency response, 3. Post-disaster has not been optimally carried out by disaster management agencies. In order to optimize the handling of land fires in the Dumai City area, the Government of the City of Dumai in particular the Regional Disaster Management Agency seeks in the form of socialization of prevention and suppression of land fires. To realize the handling of land fires, there needs to be collaborative among related institutions, namely the regional government, military, police and other agencies. In the opinion of Ansell and Gash collaborative governance is a process of collaborative activities by regulating a decision in the policy process carried out by several public institutions with other parties involved and directly or indirectly involved with the aim of resolving public problems.

Patient and Public Involvement in AMED

Abstract Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), established in 2015, is a funding agency that aims to act as a ’control tower’ that directs integrated research, from basic research to practical application. Also, our goal is to fast-track medical R&D that directly benefit people, not only by expending lifespans, but also improving quality of life. So, to improve the quality of clinical researches, AMED conducted a preparatory survey on Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in clinical researches, which includes comparative policy analysis on PPI strategies and activities in the UK and the US, questionnaire surveys and interviews to patient groups of cancer and rare/intractable diseases in Japan, and a discussion with the expert panel on PPI in Japan. Through this preparatory survey, we define the basic concept of AMED-PPI, and start to encourage PPI in clinical research from FY2019. The Basic Concept of PPI in AMED Definition AMED-PPI is an approach that researchers try to consider patient/public* knowledge and experience to improve the process of their clinical research * patient/public includes survivor, patient/survivor family and future patient Principles more useful findings/results to meet patients’ needs more fast-track clinical researches reduction of risks for research participants (patients) Significance for Researchers Researchers can get a new point of view and find values of their medical researches PPI makes research participants easier to understand the clinical research for Patients and Public PPI can improve convenience and understanding for the research participants PPI can lessen the knowledge and interest for between patients/public and researchers in medical R&Ds Patient and Public Involvement Guidebook (available only in Japanese) https://www.amed.go.jp/ppi/guidebook.html

An Implementation of a Non-monotonic Logic in an Embedded Computer for a Motor-glider

In this article we present an implementation of non-monotonic reasoning in an embedded system. As a part of an autonomous motor-glider, it simulates piloting decisions of an airplane. A real pilot must take care not only about the information arising from the cockpit (airspeed, altitude, variometer, compass...) but also from outside the cabin. Throughout a flight, a pilot is constantly in communication with the control tower to follow orders, because there is an airspace regulation to respect. In addition, if the control tower sends orders while the pilot has an emergency, he may have to violate these orders and airspace regulations to solve his problem (e.g. emergency landing). On the other hand, climate changes constantly (wind, snow, hail..) and can affect the sensors. All these cases easily lead to contradictions. Switching to reasoning under uncertainty, a pilot must make decisions to carry out a flight. The objective of this implementation is to validate a non-monotonic model which allows to solve the question of incomplete and contradictory information. We formalize the problem using default logic, a non-monotonic logic which allows to find fixed-points in the face of contradictions. For the implementation, the Prolog language is used in an embedded computer running at 1 GHz single core with 512 Mb of RAM and 0.8 watts of energy consumption.

Norman Kirby: army surgeon who parachuted into Suez

When Norman Kirby was training with the Parachute Regiment during the Suez crisis of 1956, he received some sound advice: to practise operating with fewer and fewer instruments. As a...

How abstract is syntax? Evidence from structural priming

In 1990, Bock and Loebell found that passives (e.g., The 747 was radioed by the airport’s control tower) can be primed by intransitive locatives (e.g., The 747 was landing by the airport’s control tower). This finding is often taken as strong evidence that structural priming occurs on the basis of a syntactic phrase structure that abstracts across lexical content, including prepositions, and is uninfluenced by the semantic roles of the arguments. However, all of the intransitive locative primes in Bock and Loebell contained the preposition by (by-locatives), just like the passive targets. Therefore, the locative-to-passive priming may have been due to the adjunct headed by by, rather than being a result of purely abstract syntax. The present experiment investigates this possibility. We find that passives and intransitive by-locatives are equivalent primes, but intransitive locatives with other prepositions (e.g., The 747 has landed near the airport control tower) do not prime passives. We conclude that a shared abstract, content-less tree structure is not sufficient for passive priming to occur. We then review the prior results that have been offered in favor of abstract tree priming, and note the range of evidence can be considerably narrowed—and possibly eliminated—once effects of animacy, semantic event structure, shared morphology, information structure, and rhythm are taken into account.

Telemedicine Control Tower for the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit

Telemedicine Control Tower for the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit

Design implications for teamwork in ATC

In air traffic control (ATC), teamwork is a key component among air traffic control operators (ATCOs) to safely direct the aircraft through the sky and on the ground. To be able to design for future ATC systems, we must understand how ATCOs work together, their teamwork, and how they experience and perceive teamwork, in different ATC environments. We conducted interviews with 16 ATCOs working in four different ATC environments (en-route control, terminal area control, tower control for a small airport and tower control for a large airport in Sweden) and analysed the results in the light of the “Big Five” model of teamwork. The main contributions of this paper are to show: (1) how eight teamwork factors are differently manifested by the ATCOs in the different ATC environments, (2) that teamwork in ATC is important during routine operations, during stressful work, and during abnormal situations, and (3) that the design of the organisation, the environment, and the tools, affects teamwork and the importance of different teamwork factors.

Estimation and Control of Wind Turbine Tower Vibrations Based on Individual Blade-Pitch Strategies

In this brief, we present a method to estimate the tower fore-aft velocity based upon measurements from blade load sensors. In addition, a tower dampening control strategy is proposed based upon an individual blade pitch control architecture that employs this estimate. The observer design presented in this brief exploits the Coleman transformations that convert a time-varying turbine model into one that is linear and time-invariant, greatly simplifying the observability analysis and subsequent observer design. The proposed individual pitch-based tower controller is decoupled from the rotor speed regulation loop and hence does not interfere with the nominal turbine power regulation. Closed-loop results, obtained from high fidelity turbine simulations, show close agreement between the tower estimates and the actual tower velocity. Furthermore, the individual-pitch-based tower controller achieves a similar performance compared with the collective-pitch-based approach but with negligible impact upon the nominal turbine power output.

The Military Specifications of Remote Control Tower Technology

Nowadays the Remote Control Tower (hereafter RTWR) appears as a piece of modern ATM (Air Traffic Management) technology in many European countries, including Hungary. After a successful validation process at a medium-sized civilian aerodrome called Liszt Ferenc, co-operation began between HungaroControl1 and the Hungarian Ministry of Defence concerning the introduction of the RTWR in the military environment. The author makes an attempt to determine the safety and the security aspects of RTWR in the military environment, its specifications for the handling of military air traffic and makes suggestions for further installations at given military airfields.

A study of the Diplomatic Envoys between Khitan and Goryeo

이 논문은 거란과 고려의 조공책봉관계 속에서 나타난 사절왕래 중에서 거란동경과 고려국왕 사이에 나타났던 사행을 분석한 글이다. 거란과 고려사이의 사절 왕래를 통해 지금까지 황제가 파견한 것으로 인식되었던 동경사에 대해서 재검토하고, 동경사의 파견의 목적과 특징을 분석하고자 했다. 동경사는 거란이 고려에 파견한 사행 중에 2번째로 많은 횟수로, 총 35차례 파견되었다. 다만 고려는 거란에 총 10차례 동경사를 파견하였지만, 거란에서 고려로 파견한 사행의 명칭이 回禮使 혹은 回謝使이기 때문에 고려에서 보낸 답례차원에서 파견되었을 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 동경사는 거란 황제와 고려 사이에 나타났던 외교문서 형식과 다른 ‘致書’ 형식을 통해 대등한 관계에서 사행이 오고 갔음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 동경사의 파견에는 거란 동경의 중요성을 들 수 있다. 처음에 거란동경은 발해를 멸망시키고 그 잔존세력을 통제하기 위한 목적이 강했지만, 고려와의 관계뿐만 아니라 더 나아가 거란 동방을 책임지는 동쪽의 수도역할을 담당하였 다. 따라서 동경유수는 동경의 행정권과 군사권을 가져 대부분 거란인으로 임명되었고, 특히 그중에서도 상당한 권력을 소유한 사람들이 임명되는 경우가 많았다. 동경사는 이러한 배경 속에서 나타나기 시작했고 초반기에 거란 조정과 고려사이에서 중재자 역할로 활용되었다. 이를 통해 동경유수와 고려국왕 사이에서는 우호적인 관계가 형성되었다. 특히 사적인 교류도 나타나기 시작했고, 더 나아가 양국 조정의 교섭창구 역할과 양국의 긴장을 완화시키는 역할을 담당하였다. 이러한 양국 간의 동경사는 거란의 외교제도와 오경제를 답습했던 금에서도 나타나는데, 금대의 동경사 또한 거란과 비슷한 사행으로 추정된다.This paper anyalizes envoys’ exchages between Khitan Dongjing and Goryeo emperors under the conditions of tribute-investiture system of Khitan and Goryeo Dynasty. It also seeks to reexamine the Dongjingshi which was considered to be sent by the emperors between Khitan and Goryeo and to find out the purpose and features of it. Dongjingshi was the envoy that was sent by Goryeo, and was used thirty-five times which means the second frequency among envoys. Goryeo sent the Dongjingshi to Khitan eight times, and Khitan sent Goryeo envoys that was named with ‘回禮使(Huilishi)’ or ‘回謝使 (huixieshi) of which meaning was reponding to Goryeo. Dongjingshi was thought to be equally changed, because they used the ‘致書(zhishu)’ which was different from the diplomatic document beteen the two. The history of Dongjingshi implied the importance of Khitan Dongjing. At first, Khitan Dongjing had the role of controlling the remnants of the Balhae, but later it has changed the role into not only making relationship with Goryeo but also taking charge of the eastside of Khitan. So 東京留守(Dongjing-liushou) was filled with Khitan people because it had administrative and military power of Dongjing, so especially people who has considerable authority in that area were in charge of it. Dongjingshi was started in this background, and in the beginning it played an intemediary role between the Khitan and Goryeo courts. Dongjing-liushou and the emperor of Goryeo made an amicable relationship through Dongjingshi. Particulary, private exchanges were shown throught it, and it was also played as the window of negotiation and the control tower of solving problems between the two. This history of Dongjingshi between the two was also shown in the Jin Dynasty which stuck to the diplomatic institutions and Five-capital System of Khitan, so Dongjingshi in the Jin Dynasty was assumed to be the same as Khitan’s.

Augmented reality technology selection based on integrated QFD-AHP model

In the last decade, Augmented Reality has become increasingly popular. As improved performances are gathered in terms of mature hardware and software tools, we are observing the stemming of a huge number of applications of this technology both in the entertainment and in the industrial domains. On the one hand, such applications are usually claimed to bring benefits in terms of productivity or enhancement of the human’s capability to perform tasks. On the other hand, researchers and developers seem not to adequately consider the different meanings that AR assumes when implemented through visualization devices that can differ significantly in nature and in their capability to provide a mixed real-virtual scenario. In this paper, we describe a user-centred method based on an integrated QFD-AHP approach to select the best visualization display technology with regard to a specific application context. The aim is to establish a repeatable and documented process for the identification of the technology that best suits and mitigates the acceptability risks of the transition from a legacy working environment to an AR based operational environment. The method has been developed in the framework of the RETINA (Resilient Synthetic Vision for Advanced Control Tower Air Navigation Service Provision) project involving the end users, in this case, air traffic controllers. Nevertheless, it can be generalised and applied to other contexts of use. Furthermore, in order to be resilient to the fast, technological development in AR, it can be used to update the results as improvements arise in the performance level of the display devices in a specific technology.

『징비록』과 『난중일기』 교훈을 통한 국방무기개발 리더십 제고방안에 관한 연구

본 연구는 북 핵 및 미사일 위협을 맞아 더욱 중요해지고 있는 국방무기개발 리더십에 대하여 살펴본다. 이를 위하여 먼저 국방획득 및 연구개발이라는 국방무기개발과 국방무기개발 리더십에 대한 이론적 논의를 하였다. 아울러 1592년 임진왜란과 정유재단 당시 거북선·화차·비격진천뢰 등 과학기술혁신으로 국난을 극복한 기록이 남아있는 『징비록』과 『난중일기』의 문헌을 검토하여 유성룡․이순신의 국방무기개발 리더십에 대한 함의를 도출하였다. 이를 기초로 유성룡·이순신의 국방무기개발 리더십과 한국 현대 국방무기개발 리더십의 실제(實際)를 분석하고 시사점 및 교훈을 찾았다. 연구결과 제도․시스템 등 관리(Management)에 앞서 ① 현장방문, 전략무기 및 연구개발예산에 대한 최고통수권자를 비롯한 정치․군사지도자들의 관심과 배려 ② 정권에 관계없이 탁월한 인재 발굴과 연구원 처우개선을 통한 연구개발 기관 CEO 및 연구원들의 적합한 인재등용 ③ 청와대 및 국방부에 컨트롤 타워(Control Tower)설치로 관련기관의 유기적 협력을 통한 개발여건 조성이라는 국방무기개발 리더십(Leadership)을 발휘할 때만이 기대하는 성과를 거둘 수 있다는 결론에 도달하였다.

Shaping the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Control Tower with Autonomous Intelligence

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;This paper summarizes the findings of an industry panel study evaluating how new Autonomous Intelligence technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, impact the system and operational architecture of supply chain control tower (CT) implementations that serve the pharmaceutical industry. Such technologies can shift CTs to a model in which real-time information gathering, analysis, and decision making are possible. This can be achieved by leveraging these technologies to better manage decision complexity and execute decisions at levels that cannot otherwise be managed easily by humans. Some of the key points identified are in the areas of the fundamental capabilities that need to be supported and the improved level of decision visibility that they provide. We also consider some the challenges in achieving this, which include data quality and integrity, collaboration and data sharing across supply chain tiers, cross-system interoperability, decision-validation and organizational impacts, among others.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Telemedicine Control Tower for the Operating Room: Navigating Information, Care and Safety

Telemedicine Control Tower for the Operating Room: Navigating Information, Care and Safety

Anesthesiology Control Tower-Feasibility Assessment to Support Translation (ACTFAST): Mixed-Methods Study of a Novel Telemedicine-Based Support System for the Operating Room.

BackgroundDespite efforts to improve patient outcomes, major morbidity and mortality remain common after surgery. Health information technologies that provide decision support for clinicians might improve perioperative and postoperative patient care. Evaluating the usability of these technologies and barriers to their implementation can facilitate their acceptance within health systems.ObjectiveThis manuscript describes usability testing and refinement of an innovative telemedicine-based clinical support system, the Anesthesiology Control Tower (ACT). It also reports stakeholders’ perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to implementation of the intervention.MethodsThree phases of testing were conducted in an iterative manner. Phase 1 testing employed a think-aloud protocol analysis to identify surface-level usability problems with individual software components of the ACT and its structure. Phase 2 testing involved an extended qualitative and quantitative real-world usability analysis. Phase 3 sought to identify major barriers and facilitators to implementation of the ACT through semistructured interviews with key stakeholders.ResultsPhase 1 and phase 2 usability testing sessions identified numerous usability problems with the software components of the ACT. The ACT platform was revised in seven iterations in response to these usability concerns. Initial satisfaction with the ACT, as measured by standardized instruments, was below commonly accepted cutoffs for these measures. Satisfaction improved to acceptable levels over the course of revision and testing. A number of barriers to implementation were also identified and addressed during the refinement of the ACT intervention.ConclusionsThe ACT model can improve the standard of perioperative anesthesia care. Through our thorough and iterative usability testing process and stakeholder assessment of barriers and facilitators, we enhanced the acceptability of this novel technology and improved our ability to implement this innovation into routine practice.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.1186/s40814-018-0233-4

Audio Focus: Interactive spatial sound coupled with haptics to improve sound source location in poor visibility

In an effort to simplify human resource management and reduce costs, control towers are now more and more designed to not be implanted directly on the airport but remotely. This concept, known as Remote Control Tower, offers a “digital” working context because the view on the runways is broadcast remotely via cameras, which are located on the physical airport. This offers researchers and engineers the possibility to develop novel interaction techniques. But this technology relies on the sense of sight, which is largely used to give the operator information and interaction, and which is now becoming overloaded. In this paper, we focus on the design and the testing of new interaction forms that rely on the human senses of hearing and touch. More precisely, our study aims at quantifying the contribution of a multimodal interaction technique based on spatial sound and vibrotactile feedback to improve aircraft location. Applied to Remote Tower environment, the final purpose is to enhance Air Traffic Controller's perception and increase safety. Three different interaction modalities have been compared by involving 22 Air Traffic Controllers in a simulated environment. The experimental task consisted in locating aircraft in different airspace positions by using the senses of hearing and touch through two visibility conditions. In the first modality (spatial sound only), the sound sources (e.g. aircraft) had the same amplification factor. In the second modality (called Audio Focus), the amplification factor of the sound sources located along the participant's head sagittal axis was increased, while the intensity of the sound sources located outside this axis was decreased. In the last modality, Audio Focus was coupled with vibrotactile feedback to indicate in addition the vertical positions of aircraft. Behavioral (i.e. accuracy and response times measurements) and subjective (i.e. questionnaires) results showed significantly higher performance in poor visibility when using Audio Focus interaction. In particular, interactive spatial sound gave the participants notably higher accuracy in degraded visibility compared to spatial sound only. This result was even better when coupled with vibrotactile feedback. Meanwhile, response times were significantly longer when using Audio Focus modality (coupled with vibrotactile feedback or not), while remaining acceptably short. This study can be seen as the initial step in the development of a novel interaction technique that uses sound as a means of location when the sense of sight alone is not enough.