Tourist Routes Research Articles

Study on Spatiotemporal Behavior of Self-driving Tourists in Inner Mongolia

Against the backdrop of normalized tourism and upgraded consumption, self-driving tours have become one of the main choices for tourists. Faced with the booming self-driving tour market, it is of great significance to explore the spatial behavior characteristics and temporal constraint factors of self-driving tourists within a geographical range using GPS trajectory data. This exploration aids in the planning and design of self-driving tour routes, tourism products, and promotes the healthy and sustainable development of the self-driving tour industry. This paper selects Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the self-driving tour hotspot area, collects GPS data of self-driving tourists from 2017 to 2022 on the online platform "Foooooot" using Python, and conducts in-depth exploration and comparative analysis of the spatiotemporal behavior trajectories of self-driving tourists, aiming to explore the spatiotemporal behavior characteristics of self-driving tourists and their constraining factors.

Design of Tourist Routes in Scenic Spots -Taking Pan'an Lake Scenic Area as an Example

In this paper, we explore the application of 0-1 integer programming and mixed integer programming to solve the route design problem using the Pan'an Lake Scenic Area in Xuzhou as a case study. We aim to design scenic tour routes with the shortest walking distance and the longest visit time. We formulate the problem using a 0-1 integer programming model, with an objective function that minimizes the total route length. Constraints are established to ensure the route starts at Scenic Stone, ends at Wetland Commercial Street, each attraction is visited once, and there are no repeated paths. The research results of the article have certain reference significance for route optimization problems.

ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ОБЪЕКТЫ ПРИРОДНО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ В РАЗВИТИИ РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫХ ПОТОКОВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ КУРШСКОЙ КОСЫ И КУРШСКОГО ЗАЛИВА

The goal of this research is to identify and optimize possible directions and objects of culture heritage in the development of recreational flows on the Curonian spit and the Curonian bay territories. Based on the results of the 2023 field survey, including the interviews with locals and specialists as well as monographic analysis was used, possible and existing recreational objects were identified, their condition was assessed, providing and restrictive factors of development of recreation at objects were identified, possible touristic routes were determined. The Result Based Management method was used for complex analysis and comparative assessment of possible directions and objects of development of recreational flows in the territory of the Curonian Spit and the Curonian Lagoon. Its application in various geographical conditions allows to provide government bodies, investors and all parties concerned with operational and reliable insights about possibilities and priority of using natural and cultural heritage in the development of recreational flows. Such analysis at its deepening in spatial planning and design is capable of integrating data about ecosystem services, depletion/degradation, restoration of ecosystems, beneficiaries (income and benefits received) and other characteristics.

The Influence of Online Reviews on the Purchasing Decisions of Travel Consumers

In this study, we investigate the impact of online review characteristics on consumers’ purchasing decisions in the context of spatial distance. We consider the product experience of online travel routes, geographical location characteristics, and price adjustment factors, as well as the dynamics between consumers and businesses during the booking of travel routes. Through empirical research and large-scale data simulation experiments, we have found that the variability in attributes of tourist routes significantly influences the user recommendation rate, while the overall rating has a positive moderating effect. Furthermore, the number of reviews negatively moderates the relationship between them. Additionally, the product information and service quality of tourist routes also significantly affect the recommendation rate. Finally, we propose a management strategy for tourism route managers to enhance user recommendation rates and achieve greater benefits.

Crawler Data Visualization in the Tourism Industry Based on Python

Data visualization is being widely used in various fields, such as medicine, biology, economics, and other disciplines. In the tourism industry, whether the display of tourism resources, the planning of tourism routes, the feedback of tourists' experience, and so on, all of them become clearer and more intuitive through data visualization. In particular, Python-based data visualization has many advantages in the tourism industry. This paper mainly analyzes the current situation and advantages of Python-based data visualization in the tourism industry, and puts forward corresponding improvement measures and suggestions, aiming to help tourism practitioners and tourists use data visualization more conveniently and efficiently. It is found that data visualization plays an important role in displaying tourist attractions, planning tourist routes, and enhancing the experience of tourism services. However, the problems of data visualization in tourism, such as insufficient interactivity and single visualization style, require improvement measures. For example, methods such as optimizing algorithms and introducing interactive visualization tools can solve these problems. The purpose of this study is to promote a wider and more effective application of data visualization in the tourism industry so that tourism-related industries can be more efficient and intuitive when using data visualization tools.

УСАДЕБНЫЙ ТУРИЗМ КАК ИНДИКАТОР ПРОДВИЖЕНИЯ КУЛЬТУРНОГО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ МАЛЫХ ГОРОДОВ И СЕЛЬСКИХ ПОСЕЛЕНИЙ

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the role of manor tourism in the preservation and promotion of noble culture in the regions. In the context of modern tourism development, the article explores the importance of estates as objects of cultural heritage, their tourist potential and influence on the formation of the appearance of regions. The authors highlight the historical aspects of noble culture and consider estates as a key component of this cultural tradition. They reveal the features of estate tourism, such as the possibility of recreating the atmosphere of past eras, enriching the cultural experience of tourists and drawing attention to unique architectural and historical attractions. The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the role of manor tourism in the preservation and promotion of noble culture in the regions. In the context of modern tourism development, the article explores the importance of estates as objects of cultural heritage, their tourist potential and influence on the formation of the appearance of regions. The authors highlight the historical aspects of noble culture and consider estates as a key component of this cultural tradition. They reveal the features of estate tourism, such as the possibility of recreating the atmosphere of past eras, enriching the cultural experience of tourists and drawing attention to unique architectural and historical attractions. The article analyzes the current state of estate tourism in the regions, identifies problems and prospects for the development of this industry. Special attention is paid to the organization of tourist routes, events and programs that promote noble culture as an integral part of cultural heritage. The results of the study make it possible to identify strategic directions for the development of manor tourism, justify the need for investments in the restoration and preservation of manor complexes, as well as to form sustainable models of partnership between tourist structures, authorities and public organizations. The article is an important contribution to the study of the potential of manor tourism as an indicator of the promotion and preservation of noble culture in the regions, contributes to the formation of a sustainable tourism cluster and the development of a territorial brand. The study of the prospects for the development of estate tourism in the regions is of great importance for the preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage of the nobility. The unique estates, surrounded by picturesque parks and manor ensembles, are historical monuments that contribute to the preservation and transmission of the traditions of the last generation. It is especially important to pay attention to the development of competent strategies for the development of estate tourism, which, taking into account the specifics of each region, will make it possible to effectively use the potential of estate complexes. It is also important to promote the expansion of infrastructure and services related to estate tourism in order to attract more visitors and contribute to the economic development of regional communities. In addition, it is important not to forget about the importance of educational programs and cultural events aimed at raising awareness of noble culture and the history of estates. This will help not only to draw attention to this topic, but also to form a deep respect for the cultural heritage of the region among visitors. Thus, the article on the prospects of estate tourism in the regions is an important scientific study that contributes to the integration of cultural heritage into the modern tourism industry, as well as the maintenance and promotion of noble culture as an important part of the history and culture of the regions.

Feasibility of Community Based Tourism as Sustainable Development:

The objective of the work was to promote a series of activities for sustainable tourism development, taking as support the physical-natural and cultural potential of the locality of San José de Tostós in the municipality of Boconó, Trujillo state, Venezuela. The methodological approach was based on the qualitative mode of participatory action research with field design. The results showed massive community participation in the actions of transformation, improvement and ornamentation of the most affected roads, creation of a community radio station, and elaboration of a tourist route with gastronomic flavors and job generation. Despite the achievements, there is still apathy to work as a team, and a lack of support from public policies to consolidate tourism enterprises to reduce the exodus. This is an alternative to empower the communities, promote their enterprises, and improve the processes of conservation of natural resources.

Highlighting The Cultural Richness of a Historical City With Cultural Routes: The Case of Erzurum City

The study aims to classify various tourist attractions in the culturally rich city of Erzurum, creating cultural tourism routes with both tangible and intangible values. Within this scope, areas with high cultural value were identified, and 7 tourism classifications were made (Sports Tourism, Gastronomy Tourism, Art Tourism, Festival Tourism, Scientific Tourism, Fair Tourism, Religious and Holiday Tourism), and a cultural route was created for each class. Cultural routes based on tourism classifications were examined, taking into account their locations, route lengths, and usage durations. Seven different cultural route proposals were mapped and presented. Based on the obtained data, the longest routes were 24.7 km for Religious and Holiday Tourism route (including tombs, madrasahs, mosques, etc.), 23 km for Sports Tourism Route (including winter tourism areas, etc.) and Art Tourism Route (including cultural centers, museums, squares, etc.). The study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the city's history and culture by tourists through different routes. These routes will support cultural sustainability and contribute to sustainable development goals. Considering visitor satisfaction and public participation, the cultural routes established in this study can serve as a guide for future projects.

Иммерсивные технологии в туризме: потенциал и перспективы развития отраслевой экономики впечатлений

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the global economy digitalization, which has also affected the international tourism sector. The importance of the experience economy has been increasing in recent years due to the evolution of approaches to doing business, and the use of its tools seems relevant for the tourism sector because the main purpose of acquiring tourist services is to gain a unique experience. This article examines the role of modern technologies in the experience economy and the evolution of immersive technologies and analyzes the attitude of companies and consumers from the USA, Canada and the Russian Federation to virtual reality. The authors provide the benefits of the AR and gamification introduction on tourist routes and explore the possibility of using AR /VR («augmented reality»/«virtual reality») to make a final purchase decision and familiarize with the safety rules on the trip. The article also provides recommendations for AR/VRtours creation.

Comprehensive Assessment of the Use of the Territory of Olkhon Island (Baikal National Park)

Olkhon Island is a business card of the Irkutsk region and one of the most visited sites. Being a source of attraction for tourists, the island began to demand social development of the territory both in terms of individual and collective development, as well as in terms of housing and communal services and road infrastructure. In this regard, a comprehensive assessment of the use of the territory as an object of attraction for an increasing number of people, both for recreation and permanent residence, is required. The article presents an ecological and socio-economic assessment of the use of the territory of Olkhon Island, which is part of the Baikal National Park. The data on the current state, development and capacity of the island's road network are presented. The assessment of the recreational impact on the most popular tourist route of the Baikal National Park “North of Olkhon Island” was carried out. The issues of waste management, both in settlements and on tourist routes, are considered. The problem of cattle grazing on steppe landscapes is considered and analyzed. According to the results of the study, the proportion of anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems of Olkhon Island was determined, the main risks in the complex development of the island's territory were identified and recommendations were given to reduce the impact on the territory

The network characteristics of classic red tourist attractions in Shaanxi province, China.

Red tourism is a distinctive form of tourism in China. Its network attention serves as a typical indicator to measure the level of promotion and publicity for red tourism, as well as an important reflection of its influence. Understanding the network structure of red tourism is of significant importance for optimizing the spatial pattern of tourism and promoting the development of the tourism industry. Based on this, this study takes the classic red tourism attractions in Shaanxi province, China as an example and constructs a multi-source data network attention evaluation index. Additionally, it employs social network theory to explore the network attention and tourist flow characteristics of the case study area. Research shows that: (1) Overall, the network attention to case-based destinations is relatively low, and there are significant differences in network attention among different attractions. Spatially, the distribution of network attention is uneven. This is manifested by higher network attention to attractions in Yan'an city and lower network attention to attractions in other regions. (2) There are differences in the network attention of different types of attractions. High-level attractions have a higher level of online attention, while low-level attractions have a lower level of network attention. Additionally, archaeological sites tend to receive a higher level of online attention. (3) The network density of tourist flow is low, and the tourism connections between nodes are not closely linked. The linkage between core nodes and edge nodes in tourism is poor. Developed tourism routes only exist in core nodes. (4) Nodes such as Zaoyuan revolution site, Yangjialing revolution site, and Wangjiaping revolution site have a significant influence in the network structure. In addition, the integration and development between red nodes and non-red nodes have been achieved. (5) There is a correlation between network attention and tourist flow, as well as a 'misplacement' feature. Based on the characteristics of attractions, they can be divided into four types: bright-star attractions, cash-cow attractions, thin-dog attractions, and question attractions. Based on the above conclusions, this study proposes targeted development recommendations.

Simulation of Submicron Particulate Matter (PM1) Dispersion Due to Traffic Rerouting to Establish a Walkable Cultural Tourism Route in Ratchaburi’s Old Town, Thailand

Cultural tourism helps preserve cultural heritage and provides economic opportunities for local communities. A walkable cultural tourism route has been developed for the old town of Ratchaburi, Thailand. Here, we assessed changes in PM1 after cars were banned from the walkable tourist route. A near-roadway dispersion model, R-LINE, was evaluated and used to explore the base case (BC) and two scenarios, S1 and S2. In the BC, road traffic activities reflected the current situation; in S1, all vehicles were banned from the walkable route; and in S2, all drivers were encouraged to park their vehicles outside the study area. The road traffic activities in the study area were observed and used to calculate the PM1 emission rates for the model inputs. The model was capable of simulating PM1 concentration, especially the average PM1 concentration over the monitoring period. An increase in PM1 concentration was seen at the main road in S1 due to the increased traffic volume that had been redirected from the walkable route, with an increase in daily PM1 of 4.5% compared to BC. S2 showed a decrease in the PM1 concentration of 8.9%. These findings suggest the need for traffic mitigation measures prior to initiating a walkable route for cultural tourism, to meet environmental sustainability requirements.

Optimizing the Performance of Local Tour Guides: A Case Study of Meat Tourism Village, Toba District

This research discusses the development aimed at enhancing the technical competencies of Tour Guides in Meat Tourism Village. The research findings are outlined in several responses to the problem formulations, namely the technical competency conditions of local tour guides in Meat Tourism Village and the formulation of strategies to enhance the technical competencies of local tour guides in Meat Tourism Village. This research was conducted using descriptive analysis methods through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. Optimizing the role of local tour guides in Meat Tourism Village, Toba District, has a positive impact on tourism development, although not yet fully maximized, especially in the economic sector. The limited number of tourist visits to Meat necessitates improvements and evaluations of the tourism experience, as well as an understanding of tourism ethics. The optimization of the role of local tour guides in Meat Village not only contributes to the enhancement of knowledge and skills of the guides but also creates more satisfying tourism experiences for visitors. By designing diverse and appealing tour routes, tour guides are capable of presenting the holistic beauty of nature, history, culture, and local uniqueness. This provides opportunities to attract more tourists and enhance the destination's appeal.

Использование водного транспорта в логистике арктического туризма

The success of Arctic tourism development is associated with solving the problem of delivering tourists to the places of their interest. “The Concept for the Development of Cruise Tourism”, approved by the government of the Russian Federation in 2022, suggests that overcoming the transport problem in the Arctic is possible thanks to water transport. It can be used in the logistics of Arctic tourism as a way of transporting tourists on routes and for organizing sea and river cruises. We have examined the current use of water transport in the organization of tourist routes in the Russian sector of the Arctic based on information from river and sea cruise operators. In addition, we have identified regions where water transport is used to organise passenger transport. In the European part of the Russian Arctic, water transport is most actively used for river cruises. Arctic river cruises provide tourists with the opportunity to travel in areas where there is no special infrastructure. In this case, river routes usually start southwards in the most populated regions. In the Asian part of the Russian Arctic the number of cruises is smaller, they are carried out only on three rivers — the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena. But there are also regular passages that can be used by tourists travelling to the Arctic. Using content analysis of tourists’ reviews of Arctic river cruises we have identified the main drawbacks of their organization. SWOT analysis of the use of water transport in the logistics of Arctic tourism showed what hinders its development. The main problems of water transport use in the Arctic include the ageing of vessels, passenger safety, short navigation period and shallowing of waterways. The most promising ways for the use of water transport in Arctic tourism are inland waterways in the European part of the Russian Arctic, the White Sea and the Barents Sea.

Interpretation of Image Symbols in Tourist Destinations based on Network Text Analysis: A Case Study of Lu'an

A good image of a tourist destination is the core competitiveness and a strong factor to attract tourists. The large use of new media in life and the popularization of the Internet make the online text gradually become an important means for tourists to obtain the tourist destination information. Taking Lu 'an as an example, based on the online travel notes collected by Ctrip, Qunar and Hornet' s Nest tourism websites, this paper uses ROST Content Mining6 to perceive the tourist destination, and found that tourists have a strong perception of natural tourism resources and low experience of transportation, accommodation and other tourism reception facilities. Lu 'an should develop targeted tourism products with local characteristics, improve tourism service facilities, design diversified tourism routes to improve tourists' satisfaction and improve the image of a tourist destination.

"PAHTS OF MEMORY": REALITIES AND PROSPECTS OF THE DOMESTIC TOURISM OF UKRAINE IN THE VIEW OF THE MEDIA

The article is devoted to the memorialization of the places that became some evidence of the Russian military crimes during their full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This publication is about the cities, villages, and streets where the blood of the Ukrainian military and civilians was suffered at the hands of the occupiers. It was proposed that some of these places (locations, complexes and trails) may create «Paths of memory». All of them should be included in the national tourist routes and in the programs of the country’s tourist operators. Thus, Ukrainians would be able to pay tribute to the memory of their fallen compatriots and to demonstrate the steadfastness of one nation and to testify the fact of the criminal actions of another nation to foreign visitors. This is necessary that history doesn’t happen again. There is an analysis of journalistic materials which were talking about the initiative of the paths of memory creation, places of widespread destruction of the buildings, infrastructure and about more important question – the killing of the population of Ukraine. The current situation of the objects, an

System for Selecting Tourist Routes Based on Genetic Programming

One of the most important tasks in tourism is helping tourists plan a trip to a given place. Since it is impossible to visit all places, tourists try to be rational and choose what they find most acceptable and attractive. Each plan has limitations (e. g., length of tour, limited budget) and preferences (e. g., art, culture, historical sites, architecture, modernism) that should be considered when planning your travel trip. This is a special case of the Orientation problem — Tourist trip design problem. The goal is to maximize the total score achieved within a given tour duration limit. This paper focuses on developing a recommendation system that considers users limitations during tour planning and their preferences. Since this problem is an NP-hard problem, heuristic algorithms such as the genetic algorithm (GA) are well suited for solving it. However, this algorithm can take a very long time to find the optimal solution, so this article focuses on developing a greedy strategy of GA to find optimal or near-optimal solutions. Instead of random genetic transformations, the algorithm consciously modifies optimal routes in order to find the desired tour for the users in a shorter time. After this, the developed algorithm was compared with a GA using various generated user profiles. Over 700 locations in Novosibirsk were used as a dataset for making recommendations. These modifications made it possible to obtain optimal routes faster than the standard implementation of the genetic algorithm.

Развитие внутреннего туризма в России посредством принятия мер по поддержке разработки туристических маршрутов (на примере посещения объектов индустриального наследия Демидовых на Урале)

Establishing criteria for allot a tourist route the status of national importance and determining measures to support the implementation of such a route is an actual problem. It was revealed that the development of tourist routes of state (nationwide), interregional and regional significance allows the development of domestic tourism in Russia and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, including public-private partnership in this area. It has been determined that the development of tourist routes for visiting enterprises with a deep history, such as factories of Demidovs as industrialists and statesmen, will become an effective component to develop tourism in Russia. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that such experience can be effectively applied in other Russian regions on the basis of their achievements in industry or traditional crafts which has each Russian region.

Optimized Distance-Based Algorithm for Cloud Space—Tourist Route Recommendation for Heritage Town, Pondicherry, India

Architecture, often regarded as a three-dimensional art form, relies on a multitude of abstractions during the design process. In this context, architectural elements are effectively represented through vector-based data processing techniques, offering a canvas for creative exploration. To further our understanding of spatial configurations and generate multiple design insights, mathematical structures known as graphs come into play. Graph theory, a fundamental component of this process, it is a mathematical field that studies relationships and connections between objects using vertices and edges, finding applications in computer science, network analysis, and more finds application in architectural design. This study delves into the application of graph theory in the analytical exploration of urban networks, with a focus on tourism parameters in the picturesque town of Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India. Traditionally, urban network analysis seeks to determine the shortest distance between origin and destination, a metric rooted in accessibility. However, in leisure destinations, a novel approach involving an optimized distance-based algorithm is introduced. This innovative methodology aims to facilitate efficient access to all tourist destinations within the spatial extent while minimizing discrete physical distances. To illustrate this concept, we take the iconic French Quarters in the White Town of Pondicherry as a case study. By applying the optimized distance-based algorithm, we endeavor to uncover the most efficient route for tourists to navigate and leisurely explore the area. The outcome of this analysis reveals a path graph structure, which, when compared to a circular graph structure, demonstrates superior efficiency in guiding tourists through the space. The implications of this tourist route extend beyond the realm of tourism itself. It has the potential to enhance the organization of tourist activities, allowing stakeholders to manage and regulate the flow of visitors. Additionally, it presents an opportunity to promote and develop the region’s often-underestimated tourist destinations, which can, in turn, have a positive impact on the local economy. In summary, the integration of graph theory into architectural and urban design methodologies enriches the approach to tourism and offers a holistic perspective on spatial optimization.

A BI-OBJECTIVE COST MINIMIZATION MODEL FOR THE INSULAR TOUR ROUTE PLANNING PROBLEM

This article presents a study on the development of a bi-objective cost problem optimization model in planning tourist routes in the island zone. This problem is a new variant of the tour route plan problem. Bi-objective view of two cost components, namely maritime transportation costs and ground transportation costs. Two models were formulated using a mixed integer linear programming approach. The first model was designed to minimize one of the two cost components separately. The second model was bi-objective cost minimization based on the priority weights of the two costs. It was designed to determine minimum transportation costs based on priority weights. Model testing was carried out through numerical experiments on several cases that often occur in industries in Maluku, Indonesia, especially tourism and goods shipping. Each case has variations in the number of islands and nodes. As a result, the model can demonstrate its adaptability to changes in objectives and parameters. For cases that do not have a single solution, an increase in the network structure on the number of islands and nodes will increase the variety of efficient alternative solutions. The set of efficient solutions also shows an inverse relationship between MTC and GTC. The results also show that MTC minimization cannot be used as a reference for TC minimization in cases with many nodes and islands. Efforts to minimize MTC in the island zone impact reducing total costs but do not mean minimizing total costs. In addition, based on the exponential trend line of computing time, the number of nodes has a more significant influence on computing time compared to the number of islands.